Submitted by Simone Souza (simonecgsouza@hotmail.com) on 2017-10-13T14:10:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Gonçalo Santana Baicere.pdf: 2164770 bytes, checksum: 9a81e1203a8cdf334dbdf933b718d003 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-11-06T16:14:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Gonçalo Santana Baicere.pdf: 2164770 bytes, checksum: 9a81e1203a8cdf334dbdf933b718d003 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-06T16:14:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Gonçalo Santana Baicere.pdf: 2164770 bytes, checksum: 9a81e1203a8cdf334dbdf933b718d003 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / A questão habitacional no Brasil constitui-se em um dos mais graves problemas sociais dos dias atuais, seja nos grandes centros urbanos, com seus contingentes elevados de população favelada, seja nas regiões mais pobres do interior do país, nas quais, a precariedade da estrutura de moradias aparece como um fator agravante para a questão da pobreza em suas inúmeras manifestações. Uma ação conjunta pode ser opção a ser implantada junto aos movimentos sociais organizados, adotando o regime de mutirão ou autoajuda, contribuindo, assim, para aquisição da moradia. Com a assistência técnica ativa junto ao futuro usuário e com o uso de publicações como manuais, cartilhas, cadernos técnicos ou guias que orientem passo a passo a construção da habitação, os problemas relacionados a este bem e consequentemente ao déficit habitacional poderão ser minimizados. Atualmente, existe uma quantidade significativa de publicações a disposição do internauta, que oferecem uma série de informações teóricas e práticas sobre diferentes temas correlatos ao tema principal que é a habitação, como construção de parede, piso, teto, cobertura, instalações de água, esgoto e muitos outros. Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma análise de conteúdo destas publicações existentes considerando uma abordagem qualitativa no sentido de mensurar sua aplicabilidade. Inicialmente, desenvolveu-se o estado da arte, tendo como finalidade entender seu uso e a sua evolução. A internet, em virtude da expansão que vem alcançando, é a principal fonte de busca. Verificou-se, no início da pesquisa, que a aplicação de publicações ocorre praticamente em todas as áreas do conhecimento e na área da arquitetura e da construção civil basicamente orientam a execução de práticas construtivas para toda a sociedade, no entanto, as intenções e atenções estão voltadas para aquelas que são destinadas às comunidades mais carentes. Observou-se que essa modalidade de publicação tem um papel importante na orientação de processos construtivos voltados para a habitação social, sendo, portanto, muito útil não só para os processos de manutenção da edificação, quanto em suas reformas e em ampliações futuras. / The housing issue in Brazil is definitely a crucial social problem in both large urban centers and its large population and also in areas where the precarious structure of housing contributes to increase poverty. Combining forces together with the organized social society might be an alternative, in this case as a community effort campaign to purchase a house. An active technical assistance for the future user along with the use of publications such as booklets, guides, manuals, technical books and other notebooks that guide through the building process might minimize the difficulties on this matter and therefore the housing issue. Nowadays a significant number of online publications provide theoretical and practical information on different topics related to housing, such as wall-building, floor, roof, cover, water facilities, sewage system, among others. This study aims to analyze the online content in order to assess its applicability. Initially, an art aspect was developed and the goal was to understand their use and their evolution. The internet is the main source of our search due to its range. It was noted during the first steps of this study that online publications are widely used in all fields and publications for the architecture and construction have advised on building practices to the society in general, however, the focus of this study is directed to those who belong to the poorest communities. It was noted that these publications have an important role in guiding the construction process, therefore they are very useful also in maintenance, renovations and future extensions

La découverte du décès de mes arrière-grands-parents, gazés en 1943 au camp de concentration d’Auschwitz en Pologne, a déclenché une recherche frénétique d’archives et a suscité plusieurs questionnements. La généalogie procède d’une recherche de parenté, de filiation qui nous rattache à un contexte de société et les archives, autrefois secrètes et dévolues aux experts (historiens et chercheurs), connaissent auprès de ces usagers un regain d’intérêt informationnel mais aussi émotionnel tant au niveau concret (matériel) qu’au niveau virtuel (numérique). La généalogie juive est en marge de ce mouvement car elle témoigne souvent d’un autre besoin psychologique et parfois physiologique, celui de combler un « trou béant » que plusieurs migrations, pogroms et un « récent » génocide ont creusé. Dans ce contexte, nous nous sommes demandé quels pouvaient être l’importance des archives (en contexte traumatique) en généalogie juive et leurs impacts émotionnels et identitaires. Pour répondre à ces questions de recherche, nous avons visité des parcours généalogiques dans deux organismes : le Cercle de Généalogie Juive à Paris et la Jewish Genealogical Society of Montreal. Les portraits que nous en avons tirés diffèrent. Les Parisiens sont plus attachés aux archives originales (surtout dans le cadre de la Shoah) et ils n’hésitent pas à les partager alors que les Montréalais affectionnent plus les archives numériques (surtout dans le cadre d’immigration) et ils privilégient l’information plutôt que le support. Toutefois, tous les participants sont d’accord sur un point : ces archives, en plus de permettre une meilleure compréhension et construction de soi pour certains, ont des conséquences sur leur vie. Fait indéniable, ces recherches d’archives sur leurs ascendants juifs ont répondu (partiellement ?) à un besoin de singularité. Une prochaine étude pourrait caractériser l’archive qui marque tant et la particularité des effets qu’elle produit sur ceux et celles qui la recherchent. / The discovery of the death of my great-grandparents, gassed in 1943 at the Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland, triggered a frantic search for archives and raised several questions. The genealogy proceeds from a research of kinship, of filiation which links us to a context of society and the archives, formerly secret and devoted to experts (historians and researchers), know with these users a revival of informational but also emotional interest, both at the concrete (material) and virtual (digital) levels. Jewish genealogy is on the fringes of this movement because it often testifies to another psychological and sometimes physiological need, that of filling a "gaping hole" that several migrations, pogroms and a "recent" genocide have dug. In this context, we wondered what the importance of archives could be (in a traumatic context) in Jewish genealogy and their emotional and identity impacts. To answer these research questions, we visited genealogical routes in two organizations: the Jewish Genealogy Circle in Paris and the Jewish Genealogical Society of Montreal. The portraits we have drawn differ. Parisians are more attached to the original archives (especially in the context of the Shoah) and they do not hesitate to share them; Montrealers are more fond of digital archives (especially in the context of immigration) and they favor information rather than medium. However all participants agree on one point: these archives, in addition to enabling better understanding and self-building for some, have consequences for their lives. Undoubtedly, this research of archives on their Jewish ancestors responded (partially?) to a need for singularity. A future study could characterize the archive which marks so much and the particularity of the effects it produces on those who seek it.

La propuesta consiste en el desarrollo de un Centro de Capacitación Técnica en Construcción, en el distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho. La motivación personal nace de la preocupación por el estado de informalidad de las viviendas autoconstruidas en Lima, y del interés en la mejora de su calidad habitacional. La autoconstrucción en el Perú se da dentro del marco de la informalidad; y en las zonas populares nace como parte de la respuesta al déficit habitacional. Este tipo de construcción informal, especialmente en las zonas con mayor densidad poblacional, trae como consecuencia un incremento significativo en los niveles de vulnerabilidad. La capacitación técnica es una de las estrategias más eficientes para reducir estos peligros. El planteamiento se realizó a partir de la investigación presentada a continuación, en base al análisis de una serie de referentes tipológicos y normativos. La estrategia a nivel urbano consiste en ubicar el proyecto en proximidad a las vías más importantes de este distrito para así lograr un fácil acceso al edificio, por parte de los potenciales usuarios. La propuesta arquitectónica gira alrededor de un eje principal de circulación, paralelo al largo del terreno, a partir del cual se plantean ejes transversales; y en cuyas intersecciones se generan espacios interacción. La materialidad del proyecto fue elegida en base a los principios del énfasis “Low Cost-Low Tech", con la intención de poder usarlos eficientemente a lo largo de la vida útil del edificio. / The proposal consists in the development of a Construction Training Center, in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho. The motivation behind the subject stems from a concern about the state of informality of self-built homes in Lima and an interest in the improvement of their quality. Self-building in Peru occurs within the framework of informality; and in economically deprived neighborhoods, it is part of the response to the housing deficit. This type of informal construction, especially in areas with higher population density, results in a significant increase in the levels of vulnerability. Construction training is one of the most efficient strategies to reduce these dangers. The approach presented below was carried out based on the analysis of a series of typological and normative referents. At an urban level, the strategy consists of locating the project in proximity to the most important roads in this district in order to achieve easy access to the building by its potential users. The architectural proposal revolves around a main axis of circulation, parallel to the terrain, from which transversal axes break up and in whose spaces of intersection spaces for interaction are generated. The materials used in the project were chosen based on the principles of the emphasis "Low Cost-Low Tech", with the intention of being able to use the efficiently throughout the building’s life. / Tesis

Landsbygderna är en stor del av vårt samhälle och en resurs som kan bidra till en långsiktigt hållbar samhällsutveckling. Dock finns det rådande problem på landsbygderna som bland annat nedläggning av skolor och minskad kollektivtrafik. På senare tid har det börjat komma positiva initiativ på landsbygderna.  Arbetet syftar till att inspirera om landsbygd och samhälle genom att peka på positiva initiativ men också belysa de problem och hinder som finns på landsbygden. Arbetet genomförs i form av intervjuer och en fallstudie med tre stycken landsbygdsprojekt. I fallstudien undersöktes olika projekt och processer som ligger i tiden och hur de kan skapa en mer levande landsbygd. Resultatet visar att positiva initiativ tillsammans med processerna som ligger i tiden kan bidra till mer levande landsbygder. Landsbygdsprojekten i fallstuiden tillsammans med intervjuerna visar att det finns potential för hållbar samhällsutveckling på landsbygden. Resultatet visar också att de tre hållbarhetsdimensionerna berörs i de olika landsbygdsprojekten.  Slutsatserna som dragits baseras på det framkomna resultatet av både fallstudien och intervjuerna. Utifrån arbetet går det se att det finns flera faktorer såsom synergier, entreprenörskap och gräsrotsinnovationer som påverkar landsbygden positivt men också vad som kan bidra till en mer levande landsbygd. / The countryside is an important part of our society and a resource that can contribute to long-term sustainable development. However, there are prevailing problems in rural areas such as the closure of schools and reduced public transport. In recent times, there have been positive initiatives in rural areas.  The work aims to inspire about the countryside and society by pointing to positive initiatives but also highlighting the problems and obstacles that exist in the countryside. The work is carries out in the form of interviews and a case study with three rural projects. The case study examined various projects and processes that are in time and how they can creare a more vibrant countryside.  The results showed that positive initiatives together with the processes that lie in time can contribute to a more vibrant rural area. The rural projects in the case study together with the interviews show that there is potential for sustainable dimensions are affected in the various rural projects.  The conclusions drawn are based on the results obtained from both the case study and the interviews. Based on the work, it can be seen that there are several factors such as synergies, entrepreneurship and grassroots innovation that affect the countryside positively but also what can contribute to more vibrant countryside.

This thesis is an ethnography of the global belly dance community with particular reference to the transmission of dance paradigms from Cairo to the international dance community. Key words describing my topic include dance, gender, performance, group dynamics, social norms and resistance, public vs. private, tourism, and globalisation. I hypothesize that social dancing is used in many parts of the world as a space outside ordinary life in which to demonstrate compliance with or to challenge prevailing social paradigms. The examination of dance as a globalised unit of cultural capital is an emerging field. With this in mind I investigate the way this dance is employed in professional, semi-professional, and non-professional settings in Egypt and in other parts of the world, notably North America and Europe. Techniques included interviewing members of the international dance community who engage in dance tourism, travelling from their homes to Egypt or other destinations in order to take dance classes, get costumes, or in other ways seek to have an 'authentic' dance experience. I also explored connections dancers fostered with other members of the dance community both locally and in geographically distant locations by using online blogs, websites, listservs and social networking sites. I conducted the first part of my fieldwork in Cairo following this with fieldwork in belly dance communities in the United States and Britain.

Cette thèse s’intéresse des relations interpersonnelles entre les sourds et les entendants, qui partagent de multiples frontières : spatiales, sociales, ou intersubjectives. L’incompatibilité communicationnelle entre eux envoie aux barrières relationnelles et interactionnelles, générant des rapports déséquilibrés entre la société dominante entendante et la minorité sourde. D’une part dans son espace social le sourd est confronté aux incapacités d’expression authentique freinant son affirmation identitaire et affectent son image sociale. D’autre part l’entendant est heurté à des blocages communicationnels qui rendent son parcours émotionnellement éprouvant. Questionnant cet éternel processus d’échec communicationnel, l’objectif de ce travail est de mieux réfléchir à un rapprochement possible des sujets sourds et entendants au-delà du partage des connaissances linguistiques, et cela par le biais de transformation de l’espace social en celui d’apprentissage. La recherche a été réalisée dans le cadre de l’éducation non formelle, en mettant en place une rencontre multiculturelle, qui a réuni en 2011 des jeunes sourds et entendants de 18 à 30 ans, provenant de France, d’Arménie, d’Allemagne et de Biélorussie. Utilisant des outils pédagogiques adaptés, les participants ont été invités à créer leurs propres modes de communication, essayant de dépasser les barrières linguistiques, mais aussi celles représentationnelles et personnelles pour surmonter les obstacles qui les différencient. La recherche a été focalisée particulièrement sur le parcours du sujet entendant. Les analyses ont permis de modéliser le parcours observé de l’entendant dans un espace d’apprentissage, avec une possible évolution du sens projetée vers une tri-dimension spatiale et temporelle, c’est-à-dire Eros (sensitif-affectif), Logos (socio-cognitif), et Muthos (ouverture vers une dynamique de questionnement. / The purpose of this thesis is to focus on interpersonal relationships between deaf and hearing people who share multiple borders - spatial, social and intersubjective. The communicative incompatibility leads to relational and interactional barriers, generating an unbalanced relationship between the dominant hearing society and deaf minority. From one side, a deaf person constantly faces a social space where they’re not able to express themselves authentically, which hinders their identity affirmation and affects their social image. From the other side the hearing person encounters communicational obstacles that make their emotional experience difficult.Questioning the abovementioned eternal communicative failure process, the objective of this research study is to think about a possible deaf and hearing rapprochement beyond of sharing of language skills through the transformation of social spaces into learning ones. The current study was conducted in the context of non-formal education, by establishing a multicultural meeting of among, young deaf and hearing people from 18 to 30 years in France, Armenia, Germany and Belarus in 2011. Developing appropriate pedagogical tools, participants have been invited to create their own forms of communication, trying to overcome language barriers, but also the representational and personal ones, in order to overcome relational distances. This study particularly focused on the hearing participant’s personal experience. The analyses lead the researcher to model the observed hearing participant’s experiences of the learning space, in a possible evolution of sense, projected along spatial and temporal tri-dimension – Eros (sensory -emotional) , Logos (socio- cognitive) and Muthos (openness to new self-questioning capacities) .

En ce début du XXIème siècle, un nombre d’auteurs sans cesse plus important développe un véritable enthousiasme pour des thématiques féminines. Plus précisément, il s’agit pour eux de mettre en exergue la quête identitaire des femmes dans notre société. Cette littérature révèle une omniprésence du corps et de la sexualité en lien étroit avec la société et les schémas culturels imposés tenant ainsi un discours novateur sur les femmes. Le but de cette recherche est de montrer comment un discours littéraire, en reprenant les discours socioculturels, féministes et psychanalystes du moment, conçoit la question de la femme et quelle représentation de la femme il produit. Face à cette réflexion sur la question de la femme et son identité, cette thèse centre son étude sur les romans de trois auteurs, Virginie Despentes, écrivain français, Lucía Etxebarria, écrivain espagnol et Maïssa Bey, écrivain algérien francophone. L’être femme est représenté dans un rapport avec la violence masculine mais aussi avec sa propre violence, dans son rapport au corps et à la sexualité, par des relations humaines conflictuelles ainsi que par une aliénation sociale et culturelle. Le personnage féminin est un personnage seul, enfermé dans une identité dans laquelle il ne se reconnaît plus et qu’il rejette. La quête de soi et de la reconnaissance de soi laisse apparaître leurs aspirations, en contradictions avec leurs attributions. A la fin de chaque roman, l’individualisation de la femme est envisagée par la reprise de parole. La reconstruction de soi ne peut être permise que par la maîtrise de la parole sur soi, et la quête d’individualisation doit se poursuivre / In our early 21th century, an increasingly number of writers gets a real enthusiasm for woman-related themes. More precisely, their purpose is to underline the identity quest of women in our society. This kind of literature uncovers a constant involvement of body and sexuality closely linked to society and to cultural schemes that society imposes - thus leading these authors to hold an innovative discourse about women. Our research aims to show how a literary discourse, drawing from actual sociocultural, feminist and psychoanalytic discourses, conceives the Woman issue and which representation of woman it can create. At the hands of this reflection about the Woman issue and her identity, the study focuses on three female authors’ novels, Virginie Despentes, a french writer, Lucia Extebarría, a spanish writer and Maïssa Bey, an algerian French-speaking writer. The woman being is portrayed in her relations with male violence but also with her own violence linked to her relation to body and sexuality, and through human struggles and a social and cultural alienation. The female character is lonely, confined to an identity in which she does not recognize herself anymore and that she rejects. The quest for self-knowledge and for self-recognition lets its longings emerge, in contradiction with their remit. In the end of each novel, woman’s individualization is imaged through a takeover of speech. Self-reconstruction can only be possible thanks to a control of speech about oneself and the individuation quest has to keep going

En la actualidad, el problema de la vulnerabilidad de la vivienda y la calidad en su diseño y construcción sigue siendo vigente por la continua informalidad en su desarrollo y ejecución. Lo que nos indica que la mayoría de estas nuevas viviendas van a ser autoconstruidas por los habitantes de estas localidades sin ningún tipo de asesoría o referente técnico. Esto se agrava, cuando se considera que los que ejecutaran estas viviendas no cuentan con las habilidades y conocimientos técnicos mínimos para una buena práctica constructiva. Generándose con ello una vulnerabilidad estructural, así como un uso deficiente en su habitabilidad. La presente tesis tiene como objetivo, desarrollar un prototipo de vivienda social de construcción progresiva para el Cono Norte de Lima. La propuesta destaca que el prototipo de vivienda social de construcción progresiva más adecuada, es la de un diseño de modelo integrado sumamente sencillo y practico en su aplicación, bajo el enfoque, de plantear primero la modulación estructural y luego las demás especialidades; basado en el cumplimiento de los parámetros normativos de la zona, y la normatividad en el diseño de la arquitectura, de estructuras, instalaciones sanitarias e instalaciones eléctricas. La metodología usada, es de enfoque cualitativo, sustentada, en explorar y describir los hechos, para luego generar perspectivas teóricas de solución, para ello se buscará información a través de fichas de inspección, encuesta de campo, fotografías y análisis planimétrico. Finalmente, el aporte de esta tesis es determinar el prototipo de vivienda social de construcción progresiva modular en lima, para contribuir especialmente a la solución de la autoconstrucción y sus efectos en la vulnerabilidad y habitabilidad en las viviendas. / At present, the problem of housing vulnerability and quality in its design and construction remains in force due to the continuing informality in its development and execution. This indicates that most of these new homes will be self-built by the inhabitants of these locations without any advice or technical reference. This is aggravated, when it is considered that those who run these homes do not have the minimum technical skills and knowledge for a good constructive practice. Generating with it a structural vulnerability, as well as a poor use in its habitability. This thesis aims to develop a prototype of social housing of progressive construction for the Northern Cone of Lima. The proposal emphasizes that the most adequate progressive construction social housing prototype is that of a very simple and practical integrated model design in its application, under the approach, of first proposing structural modulation and then the other specialties; based on the fulfillment of the normative parameters of the area, and the normativity in the design of the specialty of architecture, structures, sanitary installations and electrical installations. The methodology used is of a qualitative, sustained approach, in exploring and describing the facts, and then generating theoretical perspectives of solution, for this information will be sought through inspection sheets, field survey, photographs and planimetric analysis. Finally, the contribution of this thesis is to determine the prototype of modular progressive construction social housing in Lima, to contribute especially to the solution of self- construction and its effects on vulnerability and habitability in homes. / Tesis

En la investigación se analiza el estado de las viviendas de albañilería confinada construidas sin asistencia profesional en zonas con alto riesgo sísmico del distrito de Villa El Salvador. Se estudian los errores constructivos mediante la inspección visual de las casas autoconstruidas, las cuales presentan una alta vulnerabilidad frente a un terremoto de gran magnitud, en los sectores I (zona 1) y III (zona 2) del distrito. El error constructivo más frecuente que se ha podido identificar es el uso de ladrillos tubulares (ladrillo pandereta) con un fin estructural. Frente a este problema, la propuesta para mejorar la resistencia a la compresión y fuerzas cortantes de los muros de albañilería de pandereta es reforzarlos con malla de alambre galvanizado recubierta con mortero. Lo que se busca es proporcionar, por lo menos, un área segura dentro de las viviendas para que las familias puedan salvaguardar la vida de sus ocupantes frente a la ocurrencia de movimientos telúricos. En ese sentido, mediante ensayos de laboratorio se verifica que el reforzamiento con malla galvanizada mejora, en gran medida, la resistencia a la compresión y al corte de los muros. Además, su implementación resulta ser más económica frente a otras técnicas de reforzamiento como el refuerzo con mallas electrosoldadas. Esto es importante, porque la población beneficiaria pertenece a los niveles socioeconómicos C y D (bajo nivel socioeconómico). / The research analyzes the state of confined masonry houses built without professional assistance in areas with high seismic risk in the district of Villa El Salvador. Constructive errors are studied by visual inspection of self – constructed houses, which have a high vulnerability in the face of a large earthquake, in sectors I (Zone 1) and III (Zone 2) of the district. The most frequent constructive error that has been identified is the use of tubular bricks (pandereta brick) with a structural purpose. In the face of this problem, the proposal to improve the compression resistance and cutting forces of the pandereta masonry walls is to reinforce them with galvanized wire mesh coated with mortar. What is sought is to provide, at least, a safe area within homes so that families can safeguard the lives of their occupants in the face of the occurrence of telluric movements. In this sense, through laboratory tests it is verified that the reinforcement with galvanized mesh improves, to a large extent the resistance to the compression and the cutting of the walls. In addition, its implementation turns out to be more economical compared to other reinforcement techniques such as reinforcing with electro welded meshes. This is important, because the beneficiary population belongs to the socioeconomic levels C and D (low socioeconomic level). / Tesis

No description available.