Industrial buildings are increasing all over Sweden. Farmers are building new modern facilities and the government chooses to build new halls to invest i youth sports. Glulam is the most common framework but there are limitations because of the transport. Therefore, there is a need to develop new solutions to increase the use of glulam. The maximum torque in the eaves was found in the frame with a roof pitch of 18 degrees and a wingspan of 25 meters. Using hand calculations according to Eurocode and comparison with the computer software StatCon, the maximum torque, shear force and utilization rate is calculated. Based on the maximum torque, of 973,86 kNm (calculated as 1000 kNm), the maximum compressive force is found in the eaves storage. The area is determined to 0.116m2 and the eaves are formed with 7 lamellae glued to the inside of the frame to relocate the support surface so that cutting of the laminated timber should be as simple as possible. The relocation of the storage is also needed for the required number of WR-T screws to fit on top of the frame. The screws are dimensioned according to previously calculated traction force in the eaves and to the transmission between the screws and the glulam. The transmission forces were found in a product brochure by SFS intec. Two different screw sizes is tested and deployed by distance according to Eurocode. -          WR-T-9x400                  Number: 332 pieces/frame   Cost: 15 897 skr/frame -          WR-T-13x700               Number: 136 pieces/frame   Cost: 22 927 skr/frame Calculations on the new attachment method show that it is possible to construct moment resisting eaves. In an economic comparison between the screws, it appears that WR-T-9x400 was the cheapest regardless of the length or span on the chosen building. The design of the glulam frame system in 3D is based on the calculations and definitions. The models are developed in the software Revit in stages according to the desired dimensions and local conditions in order to show the client at the tender negotiations. / Byggandet av hallbyggnader ökar runt om i Sverige. Lantbruk bygger nya moderna anläggningar och staten väljer att bygga nya hallar för att satsa på ungdomsidrotten. Limträ är ett mycket vanligt stommaterial men det finns begräsningar av limträmöjligheterna som styrs av transporten. Därför finns det behov av att utreda nya lösningar för att kunna öka användandet av limträ. Av de undersökta ramarna beräknades det maximala momentet i ramhörnet där taklutningen var 18 grader och spännvidden 25 meter. Med hjälp av handberäkningar enligt Eurocode och jämförelser med dataprogrammet StatCon togs maximalt moment, tvärkrafter, normalkrafter och utnyttjandegrader ut. Utifrån det maximala momentet, 973,86 kNm (räknas som 1000 kNm) beräknas tryckkraften vid ramhörnsupplaget som dimensionerar upplagsarean. Arean bestämdes till 0.116m2 och ramhörnet utformas med 7 pålimmade lameller på insidan av rambenet samt på undersidan av överramen för att förskjuta upplagsytan så att sågningen av limträet ska vara så enkelt och ekonomiskt som möjligt. Förskjutningen krävs även för att erfordrat antal WR-T skruvar ska få plats på ovansidan av rambenet. Skruvarna dimensioneras efter tidigare beräknad dragkraft i ramhörnet och skruvarnas kraftöverföring till limträet bestäms enligt underlag från SFS intec. Två olika skruvdimensioner testas och placeras ut efter avstånd enligt Eurocode:  - WR-T-9x400 Antal: 332 st/ram Kostnad: 15 897 kr/ram - WR-T-13x700 Antal: 136 st/ram Kostnad: 22 927 kr/ram  Beräkningar på den nya infästningsmetoden visar att det är möjligt att konstruera momentstyva ramhörn som kan monteras på plats med skruvmontage. Vid en ekonomisk jämförelse mellan skruvarna visar det sig att WR-T-9x400 skruven blir billigast oavsett vilken längd eller spännvidd man väljer på byggnaden. Utifrån beräkningar och avgränsningar utformas 3D-modeller av limträstomsystemet i dataprogrammet Revit. Modellerna tas fram stegvis efter önskade dimensioner och lokala förutsättningar för att kunna visa beställaren vid offerförhandlingarna.

The aim of the study was to investigate how Dalsland’s environmental office have managed the yearly reports on fluorinated greenhouse gasses and substances that deplete the ozone layer during the period 2007-2013. The environmental office’s methods, existing routines, present regulations and guidelines have been studied. The purpose of this report was to present suggestions on how the managing of these yearly reports can be improved, and to construct a document of guidelines for the environmental officers, that can be used to make the managing more efficient. The Environmental Office of Dalsland was established 1 January, 2007, when the municipalities of Bengtsfors, Dals Ed, Färgelanda and Mellerud merged their environmental offices together under a joint Environmental committee. The supervision concerning the yearly reports on fluorinated greenhouse gasses and substances that deplete the ozone layer, have varied and the organization within the environmental office have changed over time. There are areas where improvements are needed in order to insure that the auditing of the reports becomes more efficient. The operators should be offered more guidance and information about the current legislation and the demands these rules make on them. Internal routines need to be established on how to register the information that the reports contains, in order to make it easier to extract information for statistical purposes.

The purpose of this essay is to understand meeting between hidden refugees and health professionals through interviews with refugee in hiding and health professionals. The implantation of the essay has been made by social science research methods which I have used as a qualitative survey. The material that I have used in this paper is to interview with hidden refugee and health care workers. I have used the different sources such as literature, internet and different laws which relates to the topic of this easy. I am using the power of theories to analyze the work. The work highlights relation between healthcare professionals and hidden refugees. The work is based on a new law that called SFS and that is health care for some foreigners who reside in Sweden without the necessary of permeation which according to the Social Board (2010) gives the hidden and undocumented person entitled to care that cannot be deferred. The result of my investigation was that hidden refugee’s right to emergency cares is not always met in practice although they are legally entitled to it. Another result was that the hidden meeting with health care professionals is not problem in itself but being refused to care is problematic . Controlled documents from health professionals page allows hidden may feel at a disadvantage. In this case crated anxiety and fear among the hidden people seeking care .This means that they seek care at nonprofit organizations instead. Conclusions about my essay is that a more clear legislation should be enacted and that healthcare professionals should be payable after care needs and not by legal status and ability to pay.

Prevention, mitigation and response to large scale disasters is complex. It is widely argued that collaboration is a necessary component of successful disaster risk reduction (DRR). However, there are also significant challenges associated with collaboration for DRR. In this paper I carry out a descriptive, empirical case study of collaboration within disaster prevention and preparation in Sweden at the municipal level. The aim of the study is to identify potentially interesting patterns regarding collaboration and obstacles to collaboration in local disaster risk reduction. The study answers the question: to what extent do Sweden’s municipalities collaborate with other stakeholders on disaster risk reduction? Interesting patterns regarding the stability versus volatility of collaboration are identified. This study lays the foundation for further research on the potential and limitations of collaborative forms of governance for tackling complex societal phenomena that have a high degree of interdependency and uncertainty.

The purpose of this thesis, was to study decision processes and the importance of information management in the processes within an academic organisation, which led to the work with adaptions according to the law of Equal Treatment of Students in Higher Education, (SFS 2001:1286). A general question was formulated concerning how different information- and knowledge flows interact within an academic organisation and its library during the decision processes. The questions at issue we have tried to examine, concern the factors that have influenced the participants´ choice of information during the decision processes, in their work of adapting the law of equal treatment, and how these choices have influenced the priorities that were made. The theoretical starting point was basically Cohen, March and Olsens Garbage Can Model. We also found the author Chun Wei Choo´s descriptions of organisations, as systems of information processing, useful for parts of our thesis, especially the parts that deals with the role of information management within the decision processes. To answer our questions interviews were made with seven participants who had been involved in the work concerning the adaption of the law. The result shows constantly present interaction between the information- and knowledge flows during the decision processes. New information is processed continuously by the participants. The information processes can be transformed to knowledge in sense making processes, and be useful when the information- and knowledge flows coincide with each other and provide opportunities for decision making. / Uppsatsnivå: D

Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-22T14:14:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Alailson Dantas.pdf: 1207742 bytes, checksum: dd96111e79eb0488c462e0a90329ca1a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-22T14:14:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alailson Dantas.pdf: 1207742 bytes, checksum: dd96111e79eb0488c462e0a90329ca1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / O presente trabalho propõe o estudo da utilização da cuproína na separação, preconcentração e determinação de cobre por espectrofotometria de absorção molecular em solução e espectrofotometria de absorção molecular em fase sólida. Em uma primeira etapa, estudou-se um sistema para espectrofotometria em solução, sendo que o cátion cobre (I) reage com a cuproína em pH 4,8 formando um complexo rosa, estável por cerca de 48 horas, com absorvância máxima em 545 nm e absortividade molar e = 6,25x103 L.mol-1.cm-1, contra um branco do reagente. A reação de complexação ocorre na presença de hidroxilamina, etanol, do tensoativo Triton-X100 e de EDTA. A determinação do cobre é possível numa faixa linear dinâmica que vai de 0,2 a até 5,0 mg.L-1, com um limite de detecção de 0,05 mg.L-1. A principal vantagem do procedimento sugerido é à eliminação da etapa de extração líquido ? líquido ou a eliminação da utilização de solventes orgânicos tóxicos, como dimetilformamida (DMF), para dissolução da cuproína. Em uma segunda etapa, estudaram-se três sistemas para separação, preconcentração e determinação de cobre por espectrofotometria em fase sólida, utilizando sílica funcionalizada C18 modificada com cuproína para retenção do quelato Cu(biq)2+, na presença de hidroxilamina e tampão acetato pH 4,8. As três metodologias propostas envolvem sistemas de análise por injeção em fluxo (FIA) com injetores e celas de fluxo artesanais, tornando os procedimentos rápidos, sensíveis, baratos e com baixo consumo de reagentes e baixa produção de resíduos. Estes estudos envolveram a comparação entre uma cela axial e uma cela plana, onde a primeira mostrou-se mais sensível, porém com muitos problemas de vazamento em função da alta impedância hidrodinâmica. Houve também a comparação das soluções de tiouréia/tampão acetato e Fe(III) / HCl como eluentes do Cu(I) retido na fase sólida modificada cuproína-C18 em uma cela plana. A solução ácida de Fe(III) mostrou-se mais eficiente que a tiouréia, pois não deixava resíduos e aumentava a vida útil da fase sólida modificada. / Salvador

No description available.

Die SFS-Benchmarksuite (Release 1.1) wurde auf mehreren Rechnerarchitekturen der TU Chemnitz-Zwickau installiert und zu einer Leistungs- bewertung dieser Architekturen genutzt. Eine speziell untersuchte Bedingung war die Hardwareausstattung und Rechnerkonfiguraion von NFS-Servern.

The principle of non-discrimination is recognised as vital to the human rights field. In May 2013 the Swedish parliament passed a law that provides undocumented migrants the same limited health care as asylum seekers. In relation, the Swedish Red Cross in a partnership with Malmö University created and distributed a questionnaire amongst Swedish politicians, that in part pertains to this law and also the situation of undocumented migrants’ right to health care.In applying the perspective of non-discrimination, legal challenges to undocumented migrants’ access to health care in Sweden, and the political attitudes surrounding this issue are duly examined. This produces the observation that the non-discrimination principle’s application is of relevant use. In concluding that the legislation examined fails to meet international standards regarding the principle of non-discrimination and the right to health care for undocumented migrants, it provides examples to illustrate that this conclusion is not necessarily representative of the views held by the selected group of politicians included in the twofold questionnaire study.

Bakgrund: Den 1 januari 2011 infördes Lag (2010:879) om allmännyttiga kommunala bostadsaktiebolag. Lagen innebär en förändring för de kommunala bostadsaktiebolagen i form av att de nu inte omfattas av självkostnadsprincipen och förbudet mot att driva företag i vinstsyfte, utan skulle nu agera enligt affärsmässiga principer. De kommunala bostadsaktiebolagen ska nu agera både affärsmässigt och vara allmännyttiga. En problematik kring tolkning av affärsmässiga principer påverkar bostadsbolagens agerande. Beroende på kommun och bostadsbolags tolkning av affärsmässiga principer sker anpassningen olika och begreppet får olika betydelser i olika bolag. Otydligheten i tolkningen av lagen ligger till grund för vidare studier inom ämnet. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att förklara hur de kommunala bostadsaktiebolagen har tolkat och anpassat sig till kravet på affärsmässighet sedan Lag (2010:879) om allmännyttiga kommunala bostadsaktiebolag trädde i kraft. Syftet uppnås genom att analysera ägardirektiv och finansiella nyckeltal. Metod: För att kunna svara på frågeställningen, hur de kommunala bostadsaktiebolagen har tolkat och anpassat sig till kravet på affärsmässighet granskades bostadsbolagens ägardirektiv både innan och efter lagändringen. Vi gjorde en finansiell analys över bostadsbolagens ekonomiska utveckling under tidsperioden 2008 till 2018 för att undersöka ifall bostadsbolagen har påverkats ekonomiskt av lag SFS 2010:879. Vi har i vår studie gjort en fallstudie som omfattar både kvalitativ samt kvantitativ metod vid insamling av sekundärdata i from av ägardirektiv, årsredovisningar och utfallet i den finansiella analysen. Slutsats: Vi har i vår studie visat att de kommunala bostadsaktiebolagen inte har anpassat sig efter affärsmässiga principer sedan införandet av lag SFS 2010:879 eftersom de agerat på detta sätt redan innan 2011. Vi kan inte genom den finansiella analysen påvisa att det har skett väsentliga förändringar i bolagens ekonomiska utveckling och därav inte påvisa att de agerar annorlunda idag mot vad de gjorde innan lagändringen. / Background: On January 1, 2011, “Lag (2010:879) om allmännyttiga kommunala bostadsaktiebolag” was introduced. The law means a change for the municipal housing limited companies in the form that they are now not covered by “självkostnadsprincipen” and the prohibition on running companies for profit, but would now act according to "affärsmässiga principer”. The municipal housing limited companies must now act both “affärsmässigt” and "allmännyttigt”. A problem of interpreting "affärsmässiga principer” affects the behavior of the housing companies. Depending on the municipality and housing companies' interpretation of "affärsmässiga principer”, the adaptation is different and the concept has different meanings in different companies. The ambiguity in the interpretation of the law forms the basis for further studies within the subject. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explain how the municipal housing limited companies have interpreted and adapted to “affärsmässighet” since “Lag (2010:879) om allmännyttiga kommunala bostadsaktiebolag” made an appearance. The purpose is attained by analysing their owner directives and financial ratios. Methods: In order to be able to answer the question, how the municipal housing limited companies have interpreted and adapted to the requirement of "affärsmässighet”, the housing companies' owner directive was examined both before and after the change in the law. We did a financial analysis of the financial development of the housing companies during the period 2008 to 2018 to investigate whether the housing companies have been financially affected by the law “SFS 2010: 879. We have in our study made a case study which includes both qualitative and quantitative method at the collection of the secondary data in the form of owner directives, the annual reports and the outcome of the financial analysis. Conclusion: We have in our study found that municipal housing limited companies have not adapted to “affärsmässiga principer” since entry of the new law “SFS 2010:879” since they have acted this way already before 2011. We cannot through the financial analysis show that there have been essential changes in the companies' financial development and because of that not show that they act differently today than what they did before the entry of the law.