No description available.

Bakgrund: Vid skiftarbete störs sömnen bland annat av att den biologiska dygnsrytmen rubbas, vilket kan få negativa konsekvenser på psykisk och fysisk hälsa samt på det sociala livet. Kvantitativ forskning har visat att sjuksköterskor som arbetade treskift hade högre nivåer av stress, minskad livslust samt sämre copingförmågor. Det framkom att skiftarbete påverkade både sömn, fysisk aktivitet och matvanor.  Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att arbeta skift. Metod: Denna litteraturstudie genomfördes med nio kvalitativa artiklar som studerade sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av skiftarbete. Sökningarna gjordes via databaserna PubMed och Cinahl och artiklarna analyserades enligt Fribergs femstegsmodell. Resultat: Tre kategorier framkom vilket genererade åtta subkategorier. Kategorierna var "Att arbeta oregelbundet", "Att sova, koppla av och återhämta sig" och "Prioritera kosten för att orka".  Konklusion: Att arbeta skift kan inverka på en sjuksköterska både psykiskt, fysiskt, socialt och professionellt. För att hantera de negativa effekterna av att arbeta skift kan regelbundna rutiner för sömn, kost och privatliv. / Background: Shiftwork disrupts the circardian rhythm, which cab affect both physical, psychological and social health. Quantitative research has shown that nurses who work in three shift have higher levels of stress, lower determination to live and poorer coping skills than those who work in two shift. It emerged that shiftwork also affected sleep, physical activity and eating habits. Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate nurses´experiences of shiftwork. Methods: This literature revew included nine qualitative articles, where they studied nurses´own experiences of shiftwork. The databases used were PubMed and Cinahl and the articles were analyzed using Fribergs´s five-step model. Results: Three categories were identified wich generated eight subcategories. The categories were "To work irregular hours", "To sleep, relax and recover" and "Prioritizing the diet in order to cope". Conclusion: Shiftwork can affect nurses on a psychological, physical, social and professional level. To handel the possible negative effects of shiftwork there could be a need for regular routines for sleep, eating habits and private life.

The aim of this study was to establish whether hardiness and tenure are predictive variables for coping with shiftwork. The extent of shiftwork and shiftwork research has expanded internationally in the past decade. It has been established that shiftwork has a negative effect on shiftworkers who are predisposed to certain strain symptoms such as inefficiency, impaired health and domestic problems. However, certain inter individual differences do moderate coping with shiftwork through a process of cognitive and behavioural protective acts which modify the stressful situation and neutralise the experience of problems. Using questionnaires (Biographical, Hardiness Index and Coping with Shiftwork Questionnaire), a sample group of 75 cases was analysed. A 95 percent confidence level was used throughout with a multiple stepwise regression analysis computed. The significant r2 value = 0.18. Focus group discussions were conducted to· add qualitative information to the areas of social, domestic, work and sleep problems as well as coping strategies. The predictive variables were regressed onto a number of criterion variables, namely coping with shiftwork, work, sleep, domestic and social problems, as well as engagement and diseng.agement strategies including both strategies in all four domains (work, sleep, social and domestic). It was found that hardiness and tenure are not predictive variables for coping with shiftwork. However, hardiness, commitment and challenge are predictors for disengagement strategies so that hardy, challenged and committed individua1s will use less disengagement coping strategies and more specifically, use less domestic disengagement coping strategies. The research established hardiness as an additional personality variable linked to a primary scale of coping with shiftwork, namely disengagement. The longer term adjustment of shiftworkers (through tenure) was not established. Recommendations were made for targeted shiftwork coping programmes and more extensive classical shiftwork research in South Africa / Economics and Management Sciences / M.A. (Industrial Psychology)

The aim of this study was to establish whether hardiness and tenure are predictive variables for coping with shiftwork. The extent of shiftwork and shiftwork research has expanded internationally in the past decade. It has been established that shiftwork has a negative effect on shiftworkers who are predisposed to certain strain symptoms such as inefficiency, impaired health and domestic problems. However, certain inter individual differences do moderate coping with shiftwork through a process of cognitive and behavioural protective acts which modify the stressful situation and neutralise the experience of problems. Using questionnaires (Biographical, Hardiness Index and Coping with Shiftwork Questionnaire), a sample group of 75 cases was analysed. A 95 percent confidence level was used throughout with a multiple stepwise regression analysis computed. The significant r2 value = 0.18. Focus group discussions were conducted to· add qualitative information to the areas of social, domestic, work and sleep problems as well as coping strategies. The predictive variables were regressed onto a number of criterion variables, namely coping with shiftwork, work, sleep, domestic and social problems, as well as engagement and diseng.agement strategies including both strategies in all four domains (work, sleep, social and domestic). It was found that hardiness and tenure are not predictive variables for coping with shiftwork. However, hardiness, commitment and challenge are predictors for disengagement strategies so that hardy, challenged and committed individua1s will use less disengagement coping strategies and more specifically, use less domestic disengagement coping strategies. The research established hardiness as an additional personality variable linked to a primary scale of coping with shiftwork, namely disengagement. The longer term adjustment of shiftworkers (through tenure) was not established. Recommendations were made for targeted shiftwork coping programmes and more extensive classical shiftwork research in South Africa / Economics and Management Sciences / M.A. (Industrial Psychology)

Background: Epidemiologic evidence supports the association between shiftwork and the development of cardiovascular disease. Sleep disturbances are associated with a variety of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes and they may lie on the causal pathway between the exposure to shiftwork and cardiovascular disease. Objectives: 1) To describe sleep quality in a group of shift-working and day-working female hospital employees; 2) To determine the association between shiftwork status and sleep disturbances in this group and to determine the effect of lifetime exposure to shiftwork on current sleep disturbances; and 3) To explore whether sleep disturbances mediate the relationship between shiftwork and cardiometabolic risk. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among female hospital employees: participants were 132 women working only during the day, and 98 women who worked a shift schedule of two 12-hour days, followed by two 12-hour nights and five days off. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. The primary outcome of interest was the metabolic syndrome defined in accordance with the 2009 Joint Interim Studies consensus statement. Results: Shiftwork was associated with poor sleep latency (odds ratio (OR)= 2.08 95% CI: 1.11-3.92), poor sleep efficiency (OR=2.35 95% CI: 1.21- 4.54), and poor global sleep quality (OR=1.88 95% CI: 1.02-3.49), while the impact of past shiftwork history was inconclusive. The OR for the association of shiftwork with the metabolic syndrome was 2.00 (95% CI: 0.89-4.51), and there was no evidence of mediation by sleep disturbances in the relationship of shiftwork and the metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: In this study, a rapid forward rotating 2-shift system is associated with self-reported poor sleep quality, while the long-term effects of sleep disturbances on cardiometabolic risk requires further study. / Thesis (Master, Community Health & Epidemiology) -- Queen's University, 2013-09-24 21:16:38.768

Från att ha setts som ett kall har synen på sjuksköterskeyrket successivt förändrats till att vara en profession med helt nya krav. Vi lever idag i ett 24-timmars samhälle och bedriver sjukvård dygnet runt. Att arbeta på oregelbunden arbetstid – skiftarbete, har många negativa effekter på hälsan. Dygnsrytmen rubbas, och kan ge biologiska, fysiologiska och sociala störningar vilket gör att sjuksköterskans livsvärld påverkas och därmed också hennes hälsa vilket kan leda till lidande och utmattningssymtom. Skiftarbete är en vanlig företeelse inom sjuksköterskeyrket. Syftet med studien är att undersöka och belysa om det finns åtgärder som minskar hälsoriskerna för skiftarbetande sjuksköterskor. Metoden som använts är en litteraturstudie som bygger på kvantitativa och kvalitativa artiklar. I resultatet redovisas fem huvudgrupper där åtgärder kan vidtas; sjuksköterskans arbetsmiljö, sjuksköterskans stöd, arbetsschemats utformning, sjuksköterskans egenvård och ansvar och sjuksköterskans tolerans för skiftarbete. I diskussionen belyses åtgärderna och dess förtjänster men även motsatsförhållanden och diskrepanser mellan olika forskningsresultat. Arbetstiderna i vårt samhälle är under förändring och tendensen går mot kompaktare men också flexiblare arbetstider, mycket beroende på EU. / Program: Fristående kurs

O trabalho noturno e a alternância de turnos são identificados como fatores de maximização de efeitos negativos na saúde do trabalhador, como o estresse e a fadiga, por dificultarem a adaptação do ritmo circadiano do cortisol ao de trabalho. Objetivo: investigar o efeito do esquema de trabalho em turnos fixo e alternante e noturno de enfermeiros nos índices de estresse ocupacional e fadiga e na expressão circadiana do cortisol salivar. Método: estudo observacional de corte transversal e abordagem quantitativa dos dados estruturado com base no referencial teórico de Cooper. Realizado com 104 enfermeiros das Unidades de Emergência e Bloco Cirúrgico de hospital de ensino público do Estado de São Paulo e outro de Minas Gerais, no período de janeiro a março de 2017. Índices de estresse e fadiga foram mensurados por meio da aplicação de dois instrumentos: o Inventário de Estresse em Enfermeiros e a Escala de Avaliação de Fadiga, ambos validados para utilização no Brasil. A quantificação do cortisol salivar foi realizada por meio da técnica de ELISA. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em pesquisa sob protocolo. 55695416.7.0000.5393. Resultados: 66,67% dos enfermeiros trabalhavam em esquema de turnos alternantes e 39,39% eram fixos no turno matutino. Constatou-se 50,8% apresentaram alto índice de estresse e 46,03% fadiga. Não foram observadas associações estatisticamente significativas entre índices de cortisol salivar, turno de trabalho, esquema de turno fixo ou alternante, estresse e fadiga. Entretanto, profissionais de enfermagem de unidades críticas que trabalhavam em esquema de turnos alternante e matutino apresentaram tendência a mais altos índices de estresse e fadiga e menor secreção de cortisol ao longo do dia de trabalho do que aqueles dos turnos fixo e noturno. A fadiga mostrou-se significativa e positivamente correlacionada com a secreção total de cortisol no período da manhã. Conclusão: Os achados do presente estudo fornecem evidências de uma dessincronização do eixo HipotálamoHipófise-Adrenal em enfermeiros dos turnos alternante e matutino e, consequentemente, maior susceptibilidade destes ao desenvolvimento de doenças cardíacas, metabólicas e imunológicas / Night-work and shiftwork are identified as maximizing negative effects on worker health, such as stress and fatigue, by making it difficult to adapt the circadian rhythm of cortisol to work. Objective: to investigate the effect of the fixed and alternating and nocturnal shifts of nurses on the occupational stress index, fatigue and circadian expression of salivary cortisol. Method: observational, cross-sectional and quantitative study based on Cooper\'s theoretical framework. Performed with 104 nurses from the emergency units and surgical center of a public teaching hospital in the State of São Paulo and another from Minas Gerais, from January to March, 2017. Stress and fatigue indexes were measured using two instruments, the Nurses\' Stress Inventory and the Fatigue Assessment Scale, both of which were validated and salivary cortisol quantification was performed by ELISA assay. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under protocol. 55695416.7.0000.5393. Results: 66.67% of the nurses worked on alternating shifts and 39.39% were fixed on the morning shift. It was found that 50.8% of the nurses had a high stress index and 46.03% presented fatigue. There were no statistically significant associations between salivary cortisol index, shiftwork, fixed or alternating shift scheme, stress and fatigue. However, nursing professionals from critical units who worked in an alternating and morning shift schedule showed a trend towards higher levels of stress and fatigue and lower cortisol secretion throughout the workday than fixed and night shift workers. Fatigue was significantly and positively correlated to overall morning cortisol. Conclusions: The findings of the present study provide evidence of a hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis desynchronization in nurses of the alternating and morning shift and, consequently, a greater susceptibility of these to the development of cardiac, metabolic and immunological diseases

It is becoming widely recognised that shiftwork has significant implications for the health, safety and quality of life of shiftworkers. To date, little research has been carried out on how individuals cope with the problems caused by shiftwork and how effective coping strategies maintain their health and well-being. It has been proposed, by Monk (1994), that there are a number of aspects of a shiftworker's life which are important in determining the ability of an individual to cope with shiftwork. These factors are an individual's circadian rhythms, sleep patterns, and social and domestic situation. Further literature also suggests that workplace factors and coping style are an important part of tolerating shiftwork. The primary aim of the present study was to determine which factors are important in predicting the physical and mental well-being of Air Traffic Services staff working on shifts. It was hypothesised that individuals who are evening types, have few social, domestic, sleep, and work place difficulties will be physically and mentally healthy. In addition, it was hypothesised that the use of engagement strategies in dealing with shiftwork related problems will relate to better physical and mental health. To test the hypotheses, 183 Air Traffic Services staff from Melbourne centre, Australia were surveyed by questionnaire. The results of the regressions showed that physical health was predicted by variables from each of the five areas considered; circadian typology, the social and domestic situation, work place factors, sleep patterns and coping style. Mental well-being was best predicted by a single domestic variable, which is the extent to which shiftwork caused domestic problems and the two coping variables of engagement and disengagement. The results support the suggestion that in order for an individual to be able to tolerate shiftwork they must have strategies in place to help them deal with the effect of shiftwork variables on a range of factors in their lives. An additional aim of the present study was to determine the reliability of a questionnaire for use with Air Traffic Services staff. This was due to a lack of suitable questionnaires for use in this occupational context. Overall the items in the questionnaire were found to have acceptable reliability, although the collection of sleep data by subjective reporting is not recommended.

Abstract The purpose with this study was to get knowledge if there are any possible differences in, and correlation between, experienced stress, experienced demands, experienced control and experienced social support in correlation to shiftwork. The study was made at two central hospitals in south of Sweden and had 90 participants (78 women and 12 men) that answered a questionnaire in the current variables. The result in experienced stress showed that there were no differences between shift workers. The results showed a difference between the day- and the nightshift in the correlation between control and stress. The writers speculates that the reason why the nightshift experience high stressvalues with high control can depend on the lack of presence by higher managers, compared with the dayshift. / Syftet med studien var att studera eventuella skillnader i, och samband mellan, upplevd stress, upplevda krav, upplevd kontroll samt upplevt socialt stöd i samband med skiftarbete. Arbetet genomfördes på två centralsjukhus i södra Sverige med 90 deltagare (78 kvinnor, 12 män) som besvarade ett frågeformulär rörande de aktuella variablerna. Resultatet vad det gäller upplevd stress visade att det inte finns någon skillnad mellan de olika skiften. Resultatet visade på en skillnad mellan dagtid och nattarbetare, den gällde vilket samband kontrollen hade med den upplevda stressen. Att nattarbetare upplever ett samband mellan hög stress och hög kontroll spekulerar författarna kan bero på att chefer inte finns tillgängliga i samma utsträckning som för dagtidsarbetarna.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur individer som arbetar skift upplever att skiftarbetet påverkar dem fysiskt och psykiskt samt hur de upplever att det påverkar deras mattider och matvanor. Metoden som användes var en kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervju. Fyra skiftarbetande informanter deltog i studien, av dessa var tre personer män och en kvinna. Informanterna i studien var 24, 27, 45 samt 45. Intervjuerna spelades in och transkriberades för att sedan analyseras med hjälp av innehållsanalys. Meningsenheter ur det transkriberade materialet valdes ut, kondenserades och kodades. Koderna sammanställdes sedan till kategorier. Resultat som framkom av studien var att informanterna angav att de påverkades både fysiskt och psykiskt av att arbeta skift. De upplevda fysiska symptom som rapporterades till följd av att arbeta skift var trötthet och sömnsvårigheter. De upplevda bakomliggande faktorerna till de fysiska symptomen var svårigheter att koppla av, omställning mellan skift samt intensiteten på arbetet. De upplevda psykiska symptom som rapporterades var trötthet, nedstämdhet och stress. De upplevda bakomliggande faktorerna som informanterna angav till de psykiska symptomen var störd sömnrytm, rädsla för att göra fel i arbetet samt matvanor. Informanterna uppgav att de upplevde att deras mattider och matvanor påverkades av att de arbetar skift. Gällande skiftarbetets påverkan på mattiderna uppgavs problematiska mattider, hungrigare på kvällarna samt sockersug nattetid som påverkansfaktorer. Informanter angav svårigheter att äta nattetid, mättnad, rörligt schema samt sömnbrist som upplevda bakomliggande faktorer. Informanternas upplevelser av hur skiftarbetet påverkar deras matvanor uppgavs att de äter onyttigare kvällstid samt att de äter onyttigare nattetid. De upplevda bakomliggande orsakerna till skiftarbetets påverkan på matvanorna var snabb energipåfyllning samt lathet. Resultaten visade att det finns ohälsosamma effekter av skiftarbete för personer som arbetar skift, vilket motiverar och därför är det en viktig aspekt för folkhälsovetenskap att fortsätta sin ytterligare forskning om riskfaktorer och förebyggande åtgärder. / The aim of this study was to learn about how shift workers experience how the shiftwork affect them both physically and psychologically and to study if they experience that their mealtimes and eating habits are affected by the shift work. The method used was a qualitative semi-structured interview. Content analysis was used to analyze the interviews. The results showed that the informants were affected by working shift both physically and psychologically. Physical symptoms reported were fatigue and insomnia. Reported psychological symptoms were fatigue, stress and low mood. All informants reported that both their mealtimes and eating habits were affected. The results showed that mealtimes were affected by sleep deprivation and variable schedule. The eating habits were reported to be unhealthier when the informants were working evening or night shift. The results showed that there are unhealthy impacts from shiftwork on individuals who are working shift, which motivates further research on risk factors and preventive measures.