Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:19:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4543.pdf: 1379957 bytes, checksum: 76a64c72298bfebb3102cd24d039fed8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-18 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Apesar do uso generalizado do Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT), não há estudos anteriores que avaliaram este teste na população de mulheres obesas. Portanto, o objetivo principal foi testar a reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade deste teste e sua validade em comparação com um teste em esteira (TECP). Quarenta e seis mulheres realizaram três ISWT em um corredor de 10 m, dois no mesmo dia e o terceiro com intervalo de dois a sete dias e um TECP. A idade e o índice de massa corporal médios foram de 32 anos e 35 kg/m², respectivamente. Houve diferença significativa entre o primeiro e o segundo ISWT para as variáveis cardiovasculares e distância percorrida (ISWD) (frequência cardíaca=139±16 vs. 150±18 bpm, p=0,004; pressão arterial sistólica=157±9 vs. 159±19 mmHg, p<0,001; ISWD=413±88 vs. 463±92 m,p=0,009). Não houve diferença significante para nenhuma variável mensurada entre os valores obtidos no pico do segundo com o terceiro teste, além disso, o segundo ISWT apresentou concordância com o terceiro quando analisada a diferença entre as médias das diferenças. Houve boa e excelente confiabilidade entre o segundo e terceiro ISWT quando analisada a distância (ISWD) (ICC=0,93), ventilação (ICC=0,78), consumo de oxigênio (VO2) (ICC=0,90) e produção de dióxido de carbono (ICC=0,86). O VO2 pico obtido no TECP foi significativamente correlacionado com a ISWD (r=0,54, p<0,05) e com o VO2 pico no ISWT (r=0,64, p<0,05). Em conclusão, nossos achados sugerem que o ISWT pode ser uma ferramenta válida, confiável e reprodutível para avaliação da capacidade física de mulheres adultas com obesidade.

Title: Specific reliability of endurance shuttle swim test to 10 m, to 400 m free style test at population of water polo players in relation age. Objectives: The aim is to approximate specific reliability of test for assessing endurance abilities at water polo players Methods: The work is a theoretical - empirical study, with the observation as the main research method. As the cross-sectional survey, testing was used as the basic method for data collection. A total of 15 participants were included in the study. The test set was created by the SK Usti nad Labem water polo players in the age category (18-22 years). The average age was 18.47 years (SD ± 1.20). Endurance Swimming Shuttle Test at 10 m made by Rechichi (2000) was used. We used test-retest method for the stability measure. Furthermore, the determination of the content equivalent of this test to the 400 m free swimming test was used to analyze the data obtained using descriptive statistical methods. Once the assumptions for parallelism of the tests were met, we used the correlation coefficient to approximate the specific reliability in the form of content equivalence and test stability. The Bland- Altman plot was used to assess of normality. Results: The reliability test (VCP) determined by the test-retest method Rel = 0.99. This result is...

Abstract Background/problem definition: Mental illness, such as anxiety, is a health problem affecting about 10-20% of adolescents worldwide. Studies have found a person’s physical fitness to be associated with their mental health, but most studies have been done in the western world and few have investigated sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. It has also been found that SSA countries’ guidelines regarding physical activity are few and incomplete, although the importance of it is well known.   Aim: To investigate to what extent physical fitness: grip strength (GS), 20 meter shuttle run test (20MSRT), body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) correlate to self-assessed anxiety in South African students at the UWC.   Methods: The study had a quantitative, cross-sectional and correlational research design with a non-randomized convenience sampling. The physical fitness data were collected through a hydraulic grip strength dynamometer, 20MSRT and by measuring anthropometric measurements in order to calculate BMI and WC. An electronic version of the GAD-7 form was used for self-assessed anxiety.   Results: The results showed a significant positive correlation between BMI and levels of anxiety in women, but not in men. The correlation of anxiety related to WC, GS and 20MSRT showed no significance for the whole sample or related to gender, respectively. Conclusion: No significant correlation could be determined between physical fitness and anxiety. Severe anxiety affected 25% of the population, supporting previous research indicating that students are a group prone to anxiety. / Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Mental ohälsa, till exempel ångest, är ett hälsorelaterat problem som drabbar cirka 10-20% av ungdomar i världen över. Studier har visat att en persons fysiska kondition (physical fitness) kan kopplas till mental hälsa och välmående, men de flesta studier har gjorts i västvärlden och det råder brist på forskning i länder söder om Sahara. Dessutom har afrikanska länder söder om Sahara få och inkompletta riktlinjer gällande fysisk aktivitet trots att betydelsen av fysisk aktivitet är väl etablerad. Syfte: Att undersöka om och till vilken utsträckning fysisk kondition (innefattande grepp styrka, beep-test, BMI och midjemått) korrelerar med självskattad ångest (GAD-7) hos Sydafrikanska studenter vid University of the Western Cape (UWC).   Metod: En kvantitativ tvärsnittsdesign användes och korrelationer studerades. Deltagarna rekryterades genom ett icke randomiserat bekvämlighetsurval. Datan för fysisk kondition och hälsa samlades in genom en greppstyrka-dynamometer, beep-test samt genom antropometriska mätningar för att mäta midjemått och räkna ut BMI. Självskattad ångest samlades in genom en elektronisk version av GAD-7 formuläret.   Resultat: Resultaten visade en statistiskt signifikant, positiv korrelation mellan BMI och ångest bland kvinnor. Inga signifikanta korrelationer kunde i övrigt ses i gruppen som helhet eller hos kvinnor respektive män. Konklusion: Ingen signifikant korrelation fastslogs mellan fysisk kondition och ångest. Svår ångest rapporterades av 25% av deltagarna, vilket stödjer tidigare forskning på området som indikerar att studenter är en grupp utsatt för ångest.

Despite the critical importance of project completion timeliness, management practices in place today remain inadequate for addressing the persistent problem of project completion tardiness. Uncertainty has been identified as a contributing factor in late projects. This uncertainty resides in activity duration estimates, unplanned upsetting events, and the potential unavailability of critical resources. This research developed a comprehensive simulation based methodology for conducting quantitative project completion-time risk assessments. The methodology enables project stakeholders to visualize uncertainty or risk, i.e. the likelihood of their project completing late and the magnitude of the lateness, by providing them with a completion time distribution function of their projects. Discrete event simulation is used to determine a project's completion distribution function. The project simulation is populated with both deterministic and stochastic elements. Deterministic inputs include planned activities and resource requirements. Stochastic inputs include activity duration growth distributions, probabilities for unplanned upsetting events, and other dynamic constraints upon project activities. Stochastic inputs are based upon past data from similar projects. The time for an entity to complete the simulation network, subject to both the deterministic and stochastic factors, represents the time to complete the project. Multiple replications of the simulation are run to create the completion distribution function. The methodology was demonstrated to be effective for the on-going project to assemble the International Space Station. Approximately $500 million per month is being spent on this project, which is scheduled to complete by 2010. Project stakeholders participated in determining and managing completion distribution functions. The first result was improved project completion risk awareness. Secondly, mitigation options were analyzed to improve project completion performance and reduce total project cost.

Travelling and moving within urban areas in a sustainable way acquires a transition toward sustainable commuting modes. An approach to reaching the transition is recognised as sustainable mobility. According to smart mobility research, autonomous shuttle buses could contribute to achieve sustainable mobility in urban areas. This study therefore aims to evaluate to what extent autonomous shuttle buses are contributing to achieve sustainable mobility in Lindholmen and Barkarbystaden, by analysing the enabling and challenging factors of integrating autonomous shuttle buses from a spatial planning perspective. Based on a thematic analysis, three themes: integration into transport networks, urban policy integration, and spatial planning and urban design integration, emerged from a multiple-case study and an in-depth interview study. It is revealed that the buses are bringing forth a multi-modal transportation network with an extension of sustainable travel opportunities beyond the privately owned car. Nonetheless, it is evident that the autonomous shuttle buses are not eligible to cover the first-last mile accessibility gap in Lindholmen nor Barkarbystaden. Practitioners should therefore consider evaluating what autonomous shuttle buses should be used for, how and where before they decide to go any further with the integration of autonomous shuttle buses in other urban areas.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California / This paper presents work being done at NASA/GSFC by the Operating Missions as Nodes on the Internet (OMNI) project to demonstrate the application of Internet communication technologies to space communication. The goal is to provide global addressability and standard network protocols and applications for future space missions. It describes the communication architecture and operations concepts that will be deployed and tested on a Space Shuttle flight in July 2002. This is a NASA Hitchhiker mission called Communication and Navigation Demonstration On Shuttle (CANDOS). The mission will be using a small programmable transceiver mounted in the Shuttle bay that can communicate through NASA’s ground tracking stations as well as NASA’s space relay satellite system. The transceiver includes a processor running the Linux operating system and a standard synchronous serial interface that supports the High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) framing protocol. One of the main goals will be to test the operation of the Mobile IP protocol (RFC 2002) for automatic routing of data as the Shuttle passes from one contact to another. Other protocols to be utilized onboard CANDOS include secure login (SSH), UDP-based reliable file transfer (MDP), and blind commanding using UDP. The paper describes how each of these standard protocols available in the Linux operating system can be used to support communication with a space vehicle. It will discuss how each protocol is suited to support the range of special communication needs of space missions.

Adaptation to hypoxia is a well-known phenomenon increasing myocardial resistance to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury as an appropriate physical exercise which improves the contractile function of the heart. Lactate is a major energy substrate for the heart muscle during physical activity and hypoxia. The metabolism of lactate was and still is associated with muscle fatigue, but in the last decades it has been considered its significant modulating function of metabolism during exercise at cellular level and whole organism level. It has been shown that its effects might be similar to the effects of hypoxia and its oxidized form, pyruvate, has the cardioprotective effects. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of LDHA and LDHB isoforms between left and right ventricle in the cardioprotective scheme of adaptation to hypoxia. Another objective/goal was to determine the left ventricular response to I/R insult in the perfused heart model adapted to hypoxia compared with the normoxic controls on/at the expression level of both LDH isoforms. Our results showed differences in the LDHA expression in the left and right ventricle and an increased response of the left ventricle to I/R insult in rats adapted to hypoxia which is reflected at the expression level of both isoforms. Key words: heart,...

Hoje em dia com o crescente aumento da exploração de petróleo e gás em águas profundas, há um aumento na demanda por operações offshore envolvendo a cooperação entre unidades flutuantes. Tais operações requerem um alto nível de planejamento e coordenação, o que na maioria dos casos é feito com a troca de informação no nível de operação, com cada unidade flutuante comandada independentemente. Exemplos de operações deste tipo vão desde operações de alívio passando por operações de instalação de equipamento submarino, até operações de pesquisa envolvendo múltiplas unidades flutuantes dotadas de sistema de posicionamento dinâmico (DP). As vantagens do controle cooperativo surgem com a redução do erro da distância relativa durante a manutenção do posicionamento ou durante a execução de manobras de posicionamento conjuntas. No presente trabalho, os conceitos de controle de consenso são aplicados de forma combinada com o sistema DP de cada navio. A influência dos ganhos do controlador cooperativo no sistema como um todo será discutida, utilizando-se técnicas de análise da resposta em frequência. Simulações completas no domínio do tempo e experimentos usando modelos em escala serão utilizados para se demonstrar o funcionamento do controle cooperativo. Todas as simulações serão conduzidas no simulador Dynasim e os ensaios experimentais no tanque de provas da Engenharia Naval da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo. Além disso, serão feitas comparações entre os experimentos em tanque de provas e simulações numéricas equivalentes, demonstrando-se a validade dos ensaios numéricos. Será também demonstrado que os requisitos de projetos adotados são atendidos pelos ensaios em tanque de provas. . / With the increasing of deep water oil & gas exploration, there is also an increase in the demand by offshore operations involving muti-vessels. Such operations require a high level of planning and coordination, which in most of the cases is made by information exchange at the operation level, being each vessel commanded independently. Examples of such operations are offloading, subsea equipment installation and subsea research operation; all of them involving multiples dynamically positioned (DP) vessels. The advantage of the cooperative control arises with the reduction of the relative positioning error during station keeping or transient maneuvers. In this work, the consensus control concepts are applied combined with the DP System of each ship. The cooperative DP controller will be investigated with the analysis of the coupled dynamics of the vessels. The influence of the cooperative control gains on the whole system will be discussed, using the frequency response of the open loop system. Fully nonlinear time-domain simulations and experimental results will be used to demonstrate the operation of the cooperative control. Besides that, comparisons between the small-scale experiments and equivalent numerical simulations will be carried out, validating the experimental results. It will also be demonstrated that the adopted design requirements are met. All tests will be carried out using the Dynasim numerical simulator and the small-scale experiments will be carried on the academic towing tank in the Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of University de São Paulo.

This thesis defines and applies a methodology for analyzing the possibility of extending the operating sector of DP shuttle tankers for offloading operations in Spread Moored FPSO Platforms. Extending the operating sector is beneficial to increase operations\' availability and to reduce DP power demand under certain environmental conditions. This study is important, since several emergency disconnections have occurred during offloading in Santos Basin because the shuttle tanker was pushed out of the green sector by environmental resultants that pointed to the West. However, this proposal has to be carefully analyzed in order to guarantee the operations\' safety and not to increase the risks of collision between FPSO and shuttle tanker, of oil pollution and of personnel safety. The methodology consists in five basic steps: Preliminary Risk Analysis to assess the potential hazards associated with the new sector; evaluation of the uptime gain through static analysis; evaluation of DP power demand inside the original and extended sector; real time simulations to evaluate the operation in a realistic environment; and, finally, field tests to validate the proposal. This thesis presents the contextualization of the problem, a bibliographical research, theoretical concepts, the detailed methodology and results of each step. The results show that the average uptime gain is significant both in Campos and Santos Basins - up to 9% and 13% respectively - and that the additional risks created by the sector extension are well mitigated if some recommendations are put into place. The conclusion of this thesis is that extending the operating sector is not only beneficial but also safe. / Esta dissertação define e aplica uma metodologia para analisar a possibilidade de extensão do setor operacional de navios aliviadores DP para operações de offloading em plataformas FPSO ancoradas em Spread-Mooring. Esta proposta apresenta como vantagens o aumento da disponibilidade das operações e redução na demanda de energia do navio DP em certas condições ambientais. O estudo é importante tendo em vista que várias desconexões de emergência já ocorreram durante operações de alívio na Bacia de Santos, porque o navio-tanque foi empurrado para fora do setor verde por resultantes ambientais que apontavam para oeste. No entanto, a proposta deve ser cuidadosamente analisada para garantir que o novo setor não aumenta os riscos de colisão, de poluição ambiental e de segurança às pessoas. A metodologia consiste em cinco etapas básicas: Análise Preliminar de Riscos (APR); avaliação do ganho de disponibilidade da operação; avaliação da demanda de energia do sistema DP nos setores original e estendido; simulações de manobra em tempo real; e, finalmente, testes em campo para validação da proposta. Esta dissertação apresenta a contextualização do problema, pesquisa bibliográfica, conceitos teóricos, a metodologia detalhada e os resultados de cada etapa. Os resultados mostram que o ganho médio de disponibilidade é significativo nas bacias de Campos e de Santos - até 9% e 13%, respectivamente - e que os riscos adicionais criados pela extensão do setor são devidamente mitigados se as recomendações levantadas na APR forem implementadas. A conclusão desta dissertação é que estender o setor operacional é, não somente benéfico, mas também seguro.

This bachelor thesis deals with the basic criminal activities of the police department by examining the crime scene in the conditions of the basic unit of the Police of the Czech Republic. The first part of the thesis deals with the examination in general, its types and principles. The second part concerns the division of the crime scene investigation by subject matter between the basic police unit and the Criminal Police and Investigation Service. The third part deals with the actual investigation of the crime scene, namely its concept, purpose, procedures and stage of investigation. The fourth part describes the crime scene documentation. The fifth part focuses on the conditions and problems in examining the crime scene performed by the basic body. Key words rowing, rowing ergometer, endurance, methods of endurance testing, Cooper test, Multi stage shuttle run