Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:55:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciana Raffi.pdf: 5337869 bytes, checksum: 1b8acc2a47dd339b5e02877eeac85b3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objectives of this study were to record and describe the interactions multiple culturally established between residents of the rural Tapiíra community, located on the Unini river, Negro river, with all of local wildlife; assessing the interaction diversity forms and reproduction are practices as influenced by factors of gender and generation. Among the selection criteria for the research Tapiíra community, are its location - far from urban centers - the presence of schools with basic education, population density and, crucially, by being inserted into a mosaic of units conservation . Another important issue was the possibility of contributing to the studies of fauna, not known for their simple quantification of animals and / or its variability, habitat etc., but that has as its central focus the interactions/relationships as culturally established between men and animals and may contribute a further reference that enables the success of future management projects in wildlife conservation units of sustainable use, since, even with the creation of many protected areas, projects for the establishment of wild animals can not have continuity and economic sustainability desired. Tapiíra similarity in community knowledge of wildlife pervades (or not) by the habitus of a particular group and that the habitus as a structuring structure that is both structured, differs in relation to sex and age, resulting in higher levels of knowledge or lower on a particular topic concerning wildlife. The category is important because if the residents of the reservation should participate in conservation efforts of the local fauna is sine qua non to be understood and taken into account their social roles of men and women as protagonists of conservation actions, because they reveal the strategies socialization practices of management of wild fauna and also the changes in behavior and perception, which in part are influenced by political changes, such as the creation of protected areas. / Os objetivos desse trabalho foram de registrar e descrever as múltiplas interações culturalmente estabelecidas entre os moradores da comunidade rural de Tapiíra, localizada no rio Unini, baixo rio Negro, com o conjunto da fauna silvestre local, avaliando a diversidade de formas de interação e a reprodução dessas práticas quando influenciadas por fatores de gênero e geração. Dentre os critérios de escolha para a pesquisa na comunidade Tapiíra, está a sua localização distante de centros urbanos , a presença de escola com ensino fundamental, densidade demográfica e, fundamentalmente, sua inserção em um mosaico de Unidades de Conservação. Outra questão importante foi a possibilidade de contribuir com os estudos de fauna, que não primam pela simples quantificação dos animais e/ou de sua variabilidade, hábitat etc., mas que têm como foco central as interações/relações culturalmente estabelecidas entre os homens e os bichos, podendo contribuir com mais um referencial que possibilite o êxito de futuros projetos de manejo de fauna silvestre em unidades de conservação de uso sustentável, uma vez que, mesmo com a criação de tantas áreas protegidas, projetos para a criação de animais silvestres não conseguem ter continuidade e sustentabilidade econômica desejada. Na comunidade Tapiíra a similaridade do conhecimento de fauna perpassa (ou não) o habitus de um determinado grupo, e esse habitus, como estrutura estruturante que é ao mesmo tempo estruturada e difere em relação ao sexo e à idade, resultando em graus de conhecimentos maiores ou menores sobre um determinado tema concernente a fauna silvestre. A categoria gênero é importante porque se os moradores da reserva devem participar das ações de conservação da fauna local, é condição sine qua non que sejam compreendidos e levados em conta os seus papéis sociais de homens e mulheres como protagonistas das ações de conservação, pois revelam as estratégias de socialização das práticas de manejo da fauna e também as mudanças de comportamento e percepção, que em parte são influenciadas pelas mudanças políticas, como, por exemplo, a criação das áreas protegidas.

Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-06-19T17:26:20Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese de doutorado_Marcelo Vidal_versao final.pdf: 4763423 bytes, checksum: b42e8e90b0b6b02aacc1023943d1b541 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-06-19T17:26:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese de doutorado_Marcelo Vidal_versao final.pdf: 4763423 bytes, checksum: b42e8e90b0b6b02aacc1023943d1b541 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-19T17:26:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese de doutorado_Marcelo Vidal_versao final.pdf: 4763423 bytes, checksum: b42e8e90b0b6b02aacc1023943d1b541 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-09 / In Anavilhanas National Park, located in the Lower Rio Negro, state of Amazonas-Brazil, interactive tourism with Amazon River dolphin (Inia geoffrensis) is common. This species of dolphin is endemic to South America continental waters. This study aims to characterize interactive tourism with Amazon River dolphin in Anavilhanas National Park and to assess the potential problems related to the tourism model currently being used, the lack of regulations for cetacean-based tourism in the Amazon, and the scarcity of information about its potential impacts. This study also assesses tourism‟s positive and negative aspects and proposed management measures that contribute to the standardization a tourism model for the Amazon. This study uses diagnostic tools, planning and participatory management of local tourism, interviews with visitors and residents of Novo Airão, photo-identification and monitoring of the frequency of dolphins in tourism enterprise where interactions with cetaceans occur, participatory mapping with tourism guides, and a population inventory of cetaceans in Anavilhanas National Park. Standards and guidelines were developed and put into practice regarding the minimum structure and appropriate locations of interactive tourism activities, as well as guideline for how visitor interactions with animals should occur. These guidelines significantly reduced the risk of accidents and increased the benefits that dolphin-based tourism generates. The study shows that most visitors believe that interactive tourism with the dolphins helps to preserve the species by promoting an increase in knowledge about dolphins and helping to raise awareness among people about the need to protect these animals. In addition, most residents consider dolphin interaction to be one of the primary tourist attractions in Novo Airão, attracting visitors, contributing to local income generation and assisting in the conservation of these animals, although some residents believe that the benefits of tourism are concentrated only within families that operate tourism enterprise. It was possible to identify 13 individuals of Amazon River dolphin involved in the interactive tourism activities. Monitoring of these animals revealed that the frequency with which they took part in the tourism enterprise was only slightly influenced by river level, and that food supply affected the behavior of individuals differently, causing substantial changes in the natural hunting behavior of some animals. The study also shows that cetaceans that are unaccustomed to tourism interactions use a wide variety of environments in Anavilhanas National Park, and have higher densities in certain lakes and river channels. Such areas could be used for observation-based tourism from boats, as this activity respects a series of rules aiming at diminishing possible negative impacts on the animals. This study provides important information for the owners of the tourism enterprise and for the managers of Anavilhanas National Park, and indicates the need for elaboration of future projects and public policies aimed at the managing public use in other protected areas. / No Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas, situado no Baixo Rio Negro, estado do Amazonas-Brasil, desenvolve-se o turismo interativo com botos (Inia geoffrensis), um golfinho de rio, endêmico de águas continentais da América do Sul. Levando em conta os potenciais problemas relacionados ao modelo de turismo implementado, a ausência de normatizações para o turismo com cetáceos na Amazônia até o momento, e a escassez de informações sobre os impactos desta atividade, este estudo caracterizou o turismo com botos no Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas, analisou seus aspectos positivos e negativos e propôs medidas de ordenamento que contribuíram para a normatização do modelo de turismo implementado. O estudo utilizou ferramentas de diagnóstico, de planejamento e de gestão participativa junto aos atores locais, entrevistas junto aos visitantes e aos moradores de Novo Airão, fotoidentificação e monitoramento da frequência dos botos no empreendimento onde as interações com os cetáceos acontecem, mapeamento participativo junto a condutores de turismo e inventário populacional de cetáceos no Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas. Foram elaboradas e colocadas em prática normas e orientações quanto à estrutura mínima e à localização do empreendimento onde as interações com os botos acontecem, bem como ao modo como as interações dos visitantes com os animais devem ser desenvolvidas. Estas diretrizes reduziram significativamente os riscos de acidentes e aumentaram os benefícios que o turismo com os botos oferece. O estudo demonstrou que a maioria dos visitantes acredita que o turismo de interação com os botos auxilia na conservação da espécie por promover o aumento do conhecimento sobre os botos e auxiliar na sensibilização das pessoas para a proteção destes animais. Por outro lado, a maioria dos moradores considera que as interações com os botos são a principal atração turística de Novo Airão, que atraem visitantes, contribuem para a geração de renda local e auxiliam na conservação destes animais, ainda que alguns moradores acreditem que a atividade concentra seus benefícios junto à família proprietária do empreendimento. Foi possível identificar 13 botos habituados às interações turísticas, sendo que a frequência desses animais no empreendimento foi pouco influenciada pelo nível do rio e a oferta de alimentos impactou diferentemente os indivíduos, ocasionando maior ou menor alteração em seu comportamento natural de caça. O estudo demonstrou ainda que cetáceos não habituados às interações turísticas utilizam uma grande variedade de ambientes do Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas, mas apresentam maiores densidades em determinados lagos e canais do rio, ambientes que podem ser utilizados para o turismo embarcado para observação dos cetáceos, desde que a atividade respeite uma série de regras visando diminuir possíveis impactos negativos aos animais. O estudo oferece importantes informações para os proprietários do Flutuante dos Botos e para os gestores do Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas, bem como podem subsidiar a elaboração de futuros projetos e de políticas públicas voltadas para a gestão do uso público em outras áreas protegidas.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-09-23T18:26:33Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Laís de Souza Inocêncio - 2016.pdf: 6096775 bytes, checksum: 14b81ef67439cd754870747aa6010828 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-26T11:40:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Laís de Souza Inocêncio - 2016.pdf: 6096775 bytes, checksum: 14b81ef67439cd754870747aa6010828 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T11:40:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Laís de Souza Inocêncio - 2016.pdf: 6096775 bytes, checksum: 14b81ef67439cd754870747aa6010828 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Euphorbiaceae is the largest family of Malpighiales and one of the largest of Angiosperms encompassing 246 genera and approximately 6,000 species in the tropics, where Brazil stands out with 64 and 941 representatives, respectively. Manihot Mill. belongs to the subfamily Crotonoideae, tribe Manihoteae, consists of over 100 species, 66 of them endemic to Brazil, besides being one of the genera that has the most complex taxonomy in the family, since it presents conserved floral morphology and diverse vegetative morphological variation. In this genus, there are several leaf morphological patterns, one of them represented by species traditionally allocated in the sections Brevipetiolatae Pax and Peltatae Pax, which, although not monophyletic, include plants easily recognized by the leaves entire, sessile to petiolate, with blade not lobed or shortly lobed. These species are little and/or poorly known, have classification problems, inaccurate geographical distribution, non-evaluated conservation status, and they have not been studied for at least 40 years. This master’s dissertation aimed to review the taxonomy of species of Manihot with leaves entire, unlobed, or shortly lobed applying usual methods of plant taxonomy. As the results of this dissertation, we present four articles, which have been standardized according to the journals where they have been or are going to be published. The first article is a taxonomic revision of the aforementioned species, in which 17 taxa were recognized, three of them new to science (Manihot allemii, M. fallax, and M. scandens), as 12 lectotypifications and a synonymization were performed. In addition to the description of the species, it shows photographs and illustrations for some of them, as well as comments about its morphological relationships, conservation status, period of flowering and fruiting, and distribution maps. The second, third, and fourth articles bring descriptions of three new species, one of them already published and the other two already accepted for publication. Our results provide systematic, ecological, and evolutionary knowledge of the genus Manihot, especially the species studied, and also offer support to other similar studies of the genus. / Euphorbiaceae é a maior família de Malpighiales e uma das maiores de Angiospermas, com 246 gêneros e cerca de 6.000 espécies nos trópicos, onde se destaca o Brasil, com 64 e 941 representantes, respectivamente. Manihot Mill. pertence à subfamília Crotonoideae, tribo Manihoteae, e reúne mais de 100 espécies, 66 das quais são endêmicas do Brasil, além de ser um dos gêneros de taxonomia mais complexa da família por apresentar morfologia floral conservada e diversa variação morfológica vegetativa. Nesse gênero, há vários padrões morfológicos foliares, um dos quais está representado por espécies tradicionalmente alocadas nas seções Brevipetiolatae Pax e Peltatae Pax, as quais, embora não monofiléticas, reúnem plantas facilmente reconhecidas pelas folhas inteiras, sésseis a pecioladas, com limbos não lobados ou curtamente lobados. Essas espécies são pouco e/ou mal conhecidas, apresentam problemas de tipificação, possuem distribuição geográfica imprecisa, status de conservação não avaliado e não têm sido estudadas há pelo menos 40 anos. A presente dissertação de mestrado objetivou revisar a taxonomia das espécies de Manihot com folhas inteiras, não lobadas ou curtamente lobadas, utilizando métodos usuais em taxonomia vegetal. Como resultados desta dissertação são apresentados quatro artigos, os quais foram normatizados segundo os periódicos em que já foram ou serão publicados. O primeiro artigo trata da revisão das espécies com os caracteres supracitados, no qual foram reconhecidos 17 táxons, sendo três novos para a ciência (Manihot allemii, M. fallax e M. scandens) e efetuadas 12 lectotipificações e uma sinonimização. Além das descrições das espécies, são apresentadas fotografias e ilustrações para algumas delas, bem como comentários sobre seus relacionamentos morfológicos, status de conservação, período de floração e frutificação e mapas de distribuição. O segundo, terceiro e quarto artigos apresentam descrições de três espécies novas, tendo sido um já publicado e os demais aceitos para publicação. Nossos resultados subsidiam o conhecimento sistemático, ecológico e evolutivo do gênero Manihot, sobretudo das espécies estudadas, bem como servem de apoio a outros estudos semelhantes sobre o gênero.

Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2017-09-22T19:19:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanilce_P_Oliveira_2017.pdf: 4702866 bytes, checksum: df427d179e02dc942196595f39543e6a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-22T19:19:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanilce_P_Oliveira_2017.pdf: 4702866 bytes, checksum: df427d179e02dc942196595f39543e6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-14 / The technological development has allowed advances and setbacks to modern society when it comes to wildlife. Faced with this situation, the zoos are becoming more recognized and respected spaces, since they provide the survival of rare or endangered species that are no longer found and developed in natural areas, or that are victims of hunting, running overs or animal trafficking (ARAGÃO, 2014). In this context, it is stated that the presence of Environmental Education at the zoos presents great potential for spreading information about the regional and global fauna, besides contributing to the formation of habits and positive attitudes regarding the environment preservation (GARCIA, 2006). In other words, it promotes awareness for the visiting public as much as it brings out the preoccupation towards the consequences of the destruction of biological diversity, by stimulating positive attitudes (MARINO, 2008). Therefore, this dissertation aims to evaluate the environment perception of the visiting public of the Municipal Zoo of Cascavel, using the semiotic developed by Charles Sanders Peirce, and to validate the construction of two pedagogic intruments (Intrument I – for children between 06 and 11 years old; Instrument II – for adolescents and young between 12 to 21 years old). The pedagogic instruments were answered by 924 students, between october 2015 and january 2016. The obtained results were gruped in three analytical categories: 1) knowledge level, 2) comprehension level and 3) human and non-human interaction level. Upon this verification, it can be concluded that the instruments are efficient for the evaluation of the environmental perceptions of the visiting public of the Municipal Zoo of Cascavel – PR, for presenting ludic, informative and scientific characteristics; furthermore it contributes to the insertion of new knowledge and the upbringing of new perceptions surrounding the preservation of animals and the environment they live on. / O desenvolvimento tecnológico proporcionou avanços e retrocessos à sociedade contemporânea, no que tange à fauna silvestre. Diante deste quadro, os Zoológicos tornam-se espaços cada vez mais reconhecidos e respeitados, já que eles possibilitam a sobrevivência das espécies raras ou ameaçadas que não encontram mais áreas naturais para se desenvolverem, ou são vítimas do tráfico de animais, da caça ou de atropelamentos (ARAGÃO, 2014). Neste contexto, constata-se que a presença da Educação Ambiental nos Zoológicos apresenta grande potencial para disseminar informações sobre a fauna regional e global, além de contribuir para formação de hábitos e atitudes positivas em relação à conservação do meio ambiente (GARCIA, 2006). Em outras palavras, ela promove tanto à sensibilização do público visitante quanto desperta a preocupação com as consequências da destruição da diversidade biológica, estimulando atitudes positivas em relação a esta (MARINO, 2008). Neste sentido, este trabalho busca avaliar a percepção ambiental dos visitantes do Zoológico Municipal de Cascavel, com o uso da Semiótica desenvolvida por Charles Sanders Peirce e, por meio dela, validar a construção de dois instrumentos pedagógicos (Instrumento I - para crianças entre 06 e 11 anos; Instrumento II – para adolecentes e jovens entre 12 e 21 anos). Os instrumentos pedagógicos foram respondidos por 924 estudantes, no período de outubro de 2015 a janeiro de 2016. Os resultados obtidos foram agrupados em três categorias de análise: 1) nível de conhecimento, 2) nível de compreensão e 3) nível de interação humano e não humano. Desta verificação, pode-se concluir que os instrumentos são eficientes para o levantamento das percepções ambientais dos visitantes do Zoológico Municipal de Cascavel/PR, por apresentarem características lúdicas, informativas e científicas; além de contribuírem para a inserção de novos conhecimentos e o despertar de novas percepções acerca da conservação dos animais e do ambiente onde vivem.

Depuis les années 1980, la critique d’art du XIXe siècle a bénéficié d’un regain d’intérêt dans l’historiographie contemporaine. Malgré cela, la période du Second Empire reste encore mal connue. Notre thèse est consacrée à l’un des critiques d’art de cette période : Théophile Silvestre (1823-1876). Après une approche biographique de son parcours, notre travail montre comment, dans son grand œuvre critique intitulé Histoire des artistes vivants, Silvestre choisit d’étudier les peintres et sculpteurs les plus célèbres de son temps pour examiner la validité de leur notoriété. Confronté à ce qui lui apparaît comme un monde malade, en perte d’idéal, Silvestre est à la recherche des artistes qui sauront régénérer l’art et la vie. Ainsi Delacroix, dont l’imagination puissante transfigure le réel, est-il consacré comme « le plus grand artiste du XIXe siècle ». Après la mort de Delacroix, Silvestre dirige ses préférences vers les peintres de l’école de Barbizon qui, comme lui, tournent le dos au monde nouveau qui s’élabore selon les directives du progrès et de l’industrie, et dont la peinture semble un remède possible aux maux de la société moderne. Chargé à la fin de sa vie de rédiger le catalogue de la collection d’Alfred Bruyas, Silvestre s’attachera à faire entrer le romantisme dans l’histoire, employant le musée comme un rempart à la décadence de l’art moderne. De l’Histoire des artistes vivants au catalogue de la Galerie Bruyas, notre thèse montre quels vestiges de son temps Silvestre a voulu laisser aux historiens futurs et comment il s’est fait le gardien moral de l’histoire de l’art en donnant à son siècle la forme d’une pièce de musée, déjà classée et déjà jugée. / Since the 1980s, there has been a renewed interest in contemporary historiography for the art criticism of the nineteenth-century. The Second Empire era remains nevertheless little-known. Our thesis is devoted to an art critic of that particular time : Théophile Silvestre (1823-1876). After a biographical approach of his career, our research will focus on his criticism masterpiece, Histoire des artistes vivants. We will attempt to show that, when Silvestre chooses to study the most famous painters and sculptors of his time, it is in order to investigate the legitimacy of their popularity. Confronted to a world he deems sick and deprived of faith, Silvestre is looking for artists that will revive art and life. He thus considers Delacroix, whose powerful imagination transcends reality, as "the greatest artist of the 19th century". After the painter's death, Silvestre focuses his interest on the painters of the Barbizon school who, just like him, disapprove of the emerging new world based on the principles of progress and industry, and whose painting appears as a potential cure against modern society. Being towards the end of his life assigned the writing of the Alfred Bruyas' collection's catalog, Silvestre endeavours to give romanticism a rightful place in history, using museums as a frontline against the decay of modern art. From Histoire des artistes vivants to the Galerie Bruyas' catalog, our thesis shows which memories of his time Silvestre decided to pass on to future generations of historians, and how, by shaping his century like a museum item, already classified and already judged, he made himself the moral guardian of history of art.

Mexico, a land of contrast and mystery, was the birthplace of the two composers included in this study. These two composers were chosen for several reasons: the two men represent the enigma of the country that influenced their development and each of them molded Mexico's popular musical heritage into a classical format. Miguel Bernal Jiménez was considered in 1941 as the most brilliant composer of Catholic Mexico; Silvestre Revueltas received the title of Mexico's greatest composer, yet today the composers are almost unknown in the United States. Arizona, and Tucson in particular, are situated so near to Mexico that it is important to become aware of that country's varied musical heritage in the classical idiom, as well as its other cultural and historical aspects. As a resident in Mexico for three years with a previously acquired interest in Latin American music, the writer became increasingly involved in study of the music. Her residence laid a foundation for research into these two composers. When the Orquesta Sinfónica del Estado de México, one of Mexico's major symphony orchestras based in Toluca near Mexico City, made a nationwide tour of the United States in June 1975, Revueltas' orchestral composition Sensemayá received several performances. The Tucson Symphony also performed Sensemayá in 1979 with Dr. George Trautwein conducting. The writer found this work to be fascinating and she wondered if Revueltas had written works for cello; with research she found that he did not write for cello solo, but that he composed for string quartet. The writer first encountered the Cuarteto Virreinal by Miguel Bernal Jiménez when she performed the work from manuscript with a professional string quartet sponsored by Patrimonio Cultural in Toluca, Mexico. The work is a pleasant combination of classical and Mexican qualities; the writer decided that someday she would like to perform it for audiences in the United States.

Performance issues related to Soli by Carlos Chávez and Two Little Serious Pieces by Silvestre Revueltas. Chapters one and two provide a brief biography of each composer. Chapter three is an examination of their musical style and the influence that indigenous Indian music, popular music and nationalism had on their styles. Chapter four provides an investigation of Soli by Carlos Chávez, a chamber piece written for oboe, B-flat clarinet, bassoon and B-flat trumpet. Chapter five offers an examination of Two Little Serious Pieces by Silvestre Revueltas, a wind quintet for piccolo, oboe, C trumpet, B-flat clarinet and baritone saxophone. Chapters four and five contain an analysis of these pieces with regard to melodic and harmonic material, tonality, texture, range, phrase structure and form. Performance issues, such as tempo, dynamics, articulation, rhythm and style are likewise addressed with the result being an interpretive analysis of each piece. The final chapter offers a comparative analysis of Soli and Two Little Serious Pieces relative to the topics discussed in chapters four and five.

Tesis entregada a la Universidad de Chile en el cumplimiento parcial de los requisitos para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias con Mención en Ecología y Biología Evolutiva. / The land-sharing strategy implies co-occurrence of human beings and wildlife, which frequently results in loss of life or injury to people, damage to crops and predation of livestock. Consequently, wildlife is persecuted in retaliation. The existence of contrasting interests such as food security through livestock production on the one hand, and the need to protect threatened species on the other, lay the foundations for human-wildlife conflict. After a decade of the introduction of "land-sharing" there is no formal analysis on the role of conflicts in the success of this strategy. This suggests that a review of the state of the art is necessary to identify gaps in the nature of human-wildlife conflicts in the framework of the strategy. To manage these conflicts, we must understand the underlying ecological basis of the predator's response to the choice of crops or livestock instead of their natural prey. The most frequent biological interaction that prevents coexistence is the predation livestock by carnivores and a factor that could explain it is the availability of natural prey. Predators choose the most profitable prey in relation to the cost and energy benefit incurred in the search and handling of prey. Therefore, if natural prey is scarce in relation to livestock, then livestock should be more profitable. Within this framework, I first determined that coexistence between humans and wildlife has not been considered a requirement for the viability of land-sharing/sparing approaches. Second, I determined under what conditions the availability of natural prey decreases livestock predation, the underlying biological impediment of human-carnivore coexistence, by using data from the literature around the globe. I found that wild prey availability increases livestock predation rate, but open vegetation is a more important predictor. Third, I empirically tested availability of wild prey as an explanatory factor of livestock predation through field observations by comparing rates of ovine predation by foxes on fields with varying wild and domestic prey availability. I found that higher occurrences of hare decrease ovine kill rate. Finally, I discuss framing food production landscapes in a social-ecological systems context and suggest viewing manageable variables of conflict resolution as system parameters that define states of coexistence to aid in swifter conflict resolution planning. / Este trabajo fue apoyado por la "Comisión Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología" (número de beca CONICYT 63130184) y por el "Programa de Apoyo a la Investigación" de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad de Chile (PAI-FAC) otorgado a Javier A. Simonetti en el Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas. El apoyo logístico fue otorgado por la Asociación Kauyeken y la Estancia Anita Beatriz.

La producción de anguilas se basa en la captura de angulas, pero la captura de éstas no se ha podido incrementar al mismo ritmo que su demanda para el engorde en piscifactorías. La caída de las capturas de angulas llevó a la búsqueda por todo el mundo de nuevos suministros, planteándose la reproducción en cautividad como una de las alternativas de mayor importancia. Debido a que las anguilas no maduran sexualmente en cautividad se han desarrollado métodos de inducción hormonal que logran la producción de volúmenes importantes de esperma de buena calidad (Pérez et al. 2000; Asturiano et al. 2004; Müller et al. 2004). Este hecho ha motivado el interés por desarrollar técnicas para la recolección y manejo apropiado del esperma de esta especie. En este sentido se decidió realizar una serie de experimentos con la finalidad de desarrollar técnicas de congelación y estudios sobre la calidad del esperma de anguila europea. El primero de ellos trató de optimizar los tratamientos de inducción hormonal en machos de anguila europea (procedentes de piscifactoría) para obtención de esperma. Fueron probados cinco tratamientos hormonales (A-E) con gonadotropina coriónica humana (hCG) para inducir la maduración gonadal y la espermiación en machos de anguilas procedentes de piscifactoría. Se vio que una dosis semanal de 1.5 UI hCG/g pez, es la que permite obtener un mayor porcentaje de machos espermiantes, un periodo de espermiación más largo y un mayor volumen de esperma. A continuación se estudiaron protocolos de criopreservación utilizando como base medios diluyentes descritos para anguila japonesa (K15, K30, TNK) y dos descritos anteriormente para anguila europea (P1 y P2). A los espermatozoides congelados en estos medios se les realizaron análisis de movilidad (pre y postcongelación): la velocidad angular (VAP), velocidad curvilínea (VCL), velocidad de línea directa (VSL) y frecuencia de batido del flagelo (BCF). Estos parámetros se analizaron con un programa inform / Garzón Cortés, VDL. (2007). Inducción hormonal de la espermiación y criopreservación de esperma en anguila europea (Anguilla anguilla) [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/1944

Le violoniste et compositeur mexicain Silvestre Revueltas (1899-1940) est un des principaux acteurs du développement musical du Mexique postrévolutionnaire durant les années 1930. Proche des avant-gardes artistiques mexicaines, la réception de sa musique est marquée par une double appartenance moderniste et nationaliste, au point que certaines de ses œuvres incarnent le modèle de la musique nationale et se trouvent au cœur de la politique symbolique du régime autoritaire postrévolutionnaire. Revueltas s’engage fin 1935 dans l’antifascisme communiste au sein de la Liga de Escritores y Artistas Revolucionarios (LEAR), luttant contre l’avancée du fascisme dans le monde – notamment après le début de la Guerre civile espagnole – et soutenant les avancées sociales obtenues par le Front Populaire Mexicain (FPM). Les conséquences de l’engagement antifasciste de Revueltas sont considérables, particulièrement dans la thématique de ses œuvres, dans sa vie professionnelle et dans l’utilisation symbolique de sa musique à des fins de légitimation par le régime postrévolutionnaire mexicain. Cette recherche analyse, d’une part, l’impact du militantisme antifasciste de Revueltas dans son œuvre et, d’autre part, la fonction de celle-ci dans la politique symbolique du régime autoritaire mexicain autour de la Guerre civile espagnole. Les résultats montrent que l’engagement antifasciste de Revueltas modifie la thématique de la plupart de ses œuvres après 1936 ainsi que sa conception du rôle du compositeur dans les luttes sociales. De ce fait, il devient indispensable de relativiser la réception exclusivement nationaliste de sa musique en la reconsidérant d’un point de vue politique et militant. / Violinist and composer Silvestre Revueltas (1899-1940) was one of the major players in post revolutionary Mexico musical development during the thirties. Close to avant-gardes Mexican artists, the reception of his music is defined by, both modernist and nationalist. Some of his works embody the national music model, and are at the heart of the symbolic politics of the post revolutionary authoritarian regime. Towards the end of 1935 Revueltas engaged himself in communist antifascism by being a member of the Liga de Escritores y Artistas Revolucionarios (LEAR), fighting against the rise of fascism in the world – especially during the Spanish Civil War – and supporting social progress championed by the Mexican Popular Front (FPM). The consequences of Revueltas’ antifascist engagement are considerable especially on the themes explored in his works, on his professional life and on the symbolic use of his music to legitimize the Mexican post revolutionary system. This research analyses, on the one hand, the impact of Revueltas’ antifascist militancy on his work, and on the other, the role of his work on the symbolic politics of the Mexican authoritarian regime during the Spanish Civil War. Results show that Revueltas’ political engagement alters the theme of most of his works after 1936, as well as the composer’s role in a social contest. It therefore appears to be essential to put into perspective the exclusively nationalist reception of his music reconsidering it from a political and militant point of view.