Tesis para optar al grado de Doctor en Estudios Latinoamericanos / En esta investigación nos proponemos analizar la racionalidad con la que Bolívar construyó su proyecto político hispanoamericano –la que designamos bajo el concepto de conciencia histórica– con el objeto de propender a un extrañamiento respecto de las actuales formas de tratar con el pasado latinoamericano. Frente a éstas buscamos relevar la “inactualidad” de Bolívar, su carácter hoy anacrónico, para hacernos conscientes de la arbitrariedad de esas formas dentro de las que habitamos hoy, que tienen como rasgo principal la disociación entre el discurso de la historia y el de la acción. Proponemos una comprensión de Bolívar como sujeto moderno-americano construyendo formas de leer y construir (en) la Historia, un campo –en su época– de reciente invención y en el que América no tenía aún un lugar definido. He aquí nuestra tesis: fueron las respuestas ante las coyunturas presentes las que terminaron creando una nueva concepción de la Historia en la que América Latina encuentra su sitio. Dicha concepción fue fraguada en la acción, teniendo en la experiencia moderna del tiempo una matriz sobre la que volverá con importantes rectificaciones, transitando desde una filosofía de la historia de corte ilustrado hasta planteamientos ligados al historicismo.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:17:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tiago Ciro Moral Zancope.pdf: 1576749 bytes, checksum: ea34626f7038995afa30978d510a8987 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-24 / The objective of this thesis is to analyze the rise of Hugo Chávez Frías to the presidency of Venezuela in 1999. His first speeches highlighted the need to refound the nation, under new parameters, created from his interpretation of the acts of Bolívar, therefore, his main proposal would be the creation of the República Bolivariana de Venezuela, which, distinctly from the previous ones, should symbolize the union of the nation with the ideas of its beloved son: Simón Bolívar. In order that operation could reach the intended success, it was necessary modify its sustenance pillars. These alterations were accomplished through the redaction of a new constitution, by the redistribution of the powers and also via the historic narrative, which instead of support itself in the historiography, was proclaimed bolivariana. Thus, the V República, that emerges was displayed as the unrolling of the independence war period in the XIX century. The association between the new Republic and the most glorious moment of the country s history, not only legitimated, but is also equivalent to the projection of the values and the brilliancy of formerly. Accordingly, sought to comprehend this phenomenon under one synchronic view, in other words, examining his specificities in order to identify possible points of changes and permanency, because, concomitantly, observing his diachronic, that is, the way how this strategy evolved over the time, in view of the fact that the president s of Venezuela repeatedly asseverate to act over the principals of the bolivarian philosophy. From then on, was reflected about the national paradox, in which the orientation in present seen as meaningless motivated the constant return to the past nineteenth century, since there would be a source of solutions for any kind of demand. The República Bolivariana de Venezuela is, in this sense, the radicalization of this aporia as well as the cult of Bolívar in the attempt to orient the nation and society on a premise which mobilize them in the direction of one bolivarian future and, which below the auspicious of the present, would complement one circle of the conflicts eradication. / O objetivo desta dissertação é examinar a ascensão de Hugo Chávez Frías à presidência da República da Venezuela no ano de 1999. Seus primeiros discursos ressaltavam a necessidade de refundar a pátria sob novos parâmetros, criados a partir da interpretação do mandatário sobre os feitos de Bolívar; assim, sua proposta fundamental seria a criação da República Bolivariana da Venezuela, que, distinta das anteriores, simbolizaria a união da nação com as ideias de seu filho dileto: Simón Bolívar. Para que essa operação alcançasse sucesso foi necessário modificar seus pilares de sustentação. Essas alterações foram efetivadas por meio da redação da nova constituição nacional, pela redistribuição dos poderes e também pela narrativa histórica que ao invés de amparar-se na historiografia, foi proclamada bolivariana. Desse modo, a V República que emergia foi apresentada como desdobramento direto da gesta da independência do século XIX. A associação entre a nova República e o momento mais glorioso da história do país não só a legitimaria como equivaleria à projeção dos valores e brilhos de outrora. Nesse sentido, procurou-se compreender esse fenômeno por meio de um olhar sincrônico, ou seja, perscrutando suas especificidades a fim de identificar possíveis pontos de mudança e permanência. Isso porque, paralelamente, observava-se sua diacronia, isto é, o modo como essa estratégia política evoluía ao longo do tempo, uma vez que os mandatários venezuelanos repetidamente afirmavam agir sob os princípios da filosofia bolivariana. A partir daí, refletiu-se acerca desse paradoxo venezuelano, no qual a orientação em um presente visto como carente de sentido motivava o constante retorno a um pretérito oitocentista, pois ali haveria uma fonte de soluções para quaisquer demandas. A República Bolivariana da Venezuela é, nesse sentido, a radicalização dessa aporia e do culto a Bolívar, na tentativa de orientar a pátria e a sociedade numa premissa que as mobilize em direção a um futuro bolivariano e que, sob os auspícios do presente, completaria um ciclo no qual se extirpariam os conflitos.

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This research analyzes the Bolivarian historical ideology since the Simon Bolívar death in 1830 until the end of the 20th Century, focusing on the development of what we shall call social consciousness practices in an experience of popular armed confrontation: The Venezuela’s Federal War of 1858-1863. Our aim was to understand and evaluate the potentialities of the historical memory as a social and emancipatory mobilization practice. In order to conduct the research and guided by the available documents and other historical sources, we did characterized "bolivarianism" as a revolutionary-romantic ideology, with a special and contradictory unity between revolution and conciliation. The research has revealed that Bolivar’s project of creating Gran Colombia was a relevant part of the Federal War political proposal. Bolivarianism was also a general ideological reference to important individuals during the Federal War. Finally, the study brought new evidence and insight regarding the nexus between historical memory and ideology as an activity of remembrance in an operative present, which helps to explain how the past is selected through conflicting projects of future.

The hero and the image of nationalism in Colombia, The sculptures at "Parque del Centenario" (1883-1958). The main objective of this master thesis is to analyze and determine the relationship between the construction of the pantheon of heroes1 in Colombia and the attempt to consolidate a national identity in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. This problem is analyzed through a case study that focuses on a specific public space in Bogotá: "El Parque del Centenario". This space was built in 1883 for commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Simon Bolivar's birthdate. The research was conducted as an analysis that puts on dialogue different kinds of historical sources. Therefore, the use of images representing the monuments; maps and plans of the park and the city were; but above all, the main sources of analysis are newspapers and magazines which circulated between 1880 and 1958. The analysis of this case study is presented as a historical narrative that aims to provide relevant information about the construction and development of this public space. This text is divided into three chapters that chronologically follow the progress of the park. The first chapter covers the period between 1883 and 1910. This section focuses on the celebration of the centenary of Bolívar's birth. There will...

This research analyzes the Bolivarian historical ideology since the Simon Bolívar death in 1830 until the end of the 20th Century, focusing on the development of what we shall call social consciousness practices in an experience of popular armed confrontation: The Venezuela’s Federal War of 1858-1863. Our aim was to understand and evaluate the potentialities of the historical memory as a social and emancipatory mobilization practice. In order to conduct the research and guided by the available documents and other historical sources, we did characterized "bolivarianism" as a revolutionary-romantic ideology, with a special and contradictory unity between revolution and conciliation. The research has revealed that Bolivar’s project of creating Gran Colombia was a relevant part of the Federal War political proposal. Bolivarianism was also a general ideological reference to important individuals during the Federal War. Finally, the study brought new evidence and insight regarding the nexus between historical memory and ideology as an activity of remembrance in an operative present, which helps to explain how the past is selected through conflicting projects of future.

This research analyzes the Bolivarian historical ideology since the Simon Bolívar death in 1830 until the end of the 20th Century, focusing on the development of what we shall call social consciousness practices in an experience of popular armed confrontation: The Venezuela’s Federal War of 1858-1863. Our aim was to understand and evaluate the potentialities of the historical memory as a social and emancipatory mobilization practice. In order to conduct the research and guided by the available documents and other historical sources, we did characterized "bolivarianism" as a revolutionary-romantic ideology, with a special and contradictory unity between revolution and conciliation. The research has revealed that Bolivar’s project of creating Gran Colombia was a relevant part of the Federal War political proposal. Bolivarianism was also a general ideological reference to important individuals during the Federal War. Finally, the study brought new evidence and insight regarding the nexus between historical memory and ideology as an activity of remembrance in an operative present, which helps to explain how the past is selected through conflicting projects of future.

La célèbre expansion de facteurs d’orgues d’origine vasque-navarraise vers le centre de la Péninsule Ibérique à partir de la seconde moitié du XVIIe siècle – qui va porter l’orgue ibérique de racine castillane à son zénith et dont la figure de proue fut le franciscain Joseph de Echevarría – s’est rayonnée en Galice grâce à l’activité du facteur d’orgues Manuel de la Viña. Il construisit deux orgues monumentaux revêtus de buffets jumeaux pour la cathédrale de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle (1704-1712). Ces instruments ont institué le paradigme de symétrie visuelle et sonore inspirant la construction d’orgues doubles dans les principales cathédrales et temples prestigieux de la Galice. La construction des deux orgues visuellement identiques de la cathédrale de Braga (1737-1739), chef-d’œuvre du facteur d’orgues Simón de Fontanes, franciscain oblat de Compostelle, institue le principal foyer du rayonnement de l’activité de facteurs d’orgues d’origine galicienne au Portugal. Dans le cadre de la présente thèse, nous étudions l’activité des organiers liés au parcours ouvert par De la Viña, dans les deux côtés du fleuve Miño, ainsi que l’impact de leurs principales innovations esthétiques et techniques, notamment l'implémentation du concept de symétrie visuelle et sonore aboutissant à une véritable architecture sonore, et son influence au sujet de la musique. / The well-known expansion of organ makers from the Basque country and Navarra to the centre of the Iberian Peninsula in the second half of the 17th century – which would bring the Iberian organ of Castilian roots to its zenith and of which the main figure was the Franciscan friar Joseph de Echevarría – reached Galicia thanks to the activity of organ maker Manuel de la Viña. He built two monumental organs enclosed in identical cases for the Cathedral of Saint James of Compostela (1704-1712). These instruments established the paradigm of visual and sound symmetry which inspired the construction of double organs in the main cathedrals and other important churches in Galicia. The construction of two visually-identical organs for Braga Cathedral (1737-1739), the masterpiece of organ-builder Simón de Fontanes, also Franciscan friar oblate in Compostela, made it the principal point of departure for Galician organ-builders’ subsequent activity in Portugal. The present thesis studies the activity of organ-builders linked to the path opened by De la Viña on the two sides of the Miño river and the impact of its main aesthetic and technical innovations, especially with regard to the introduction of the concept of visual and sound symmetry leading to a true sound architecture and its influence on the music written for these instruments.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elton Frederick Souza.pdf: 880420 bytes, checksum: fee7ec7f2a3ffe4b646599c40b6e98b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-14 / This research Bolivarism and Chavism: similarities, mystification and paradoxes intend to make a rescue of the political thought of Simon Bolivar in order to examine how the president of Venezuela, Hugo Chavez, appropriates the legacy of The Liberator . The symbolic expression of Bolivar is analyzed in the light of a reflection on the role of political myths in modern societies. Despite a presumed rationalization of contemporary political life, the myths still present themselves as powerful instruments for the maintenance of consensus and, as in the case of Hugo Chavez, to legitimize and give substance to an alleged proposal to break. Beyond this symbolic dimension, the research aims to answer whether there is indeed a material correspondence between the Bolivarian ideas and the political project undertaken by the Venezuelan president. The hypothesis is that the mythical legacy of Bolivar plays a key role in the Chavez project, but the relationship between Simon Bolivar and Hugo Chavez does not end only in the symbolic plan. Finally, it reflects the relationship of both with the people , indicating that there is, in this particular aspect, a paradoxical component: Chavez subverts the impressions of Bolivar on the masses for supposedly implement the Liberator Hispanic American unfinished project / A pesquisa Bolivarismo e Chavismo: aproximações, mitificação e paradoxos se propõe a fazer um resgate do pensamento político de Simón Bolívar para analisar de que forma o presidente da Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, se apropria do legado do Libertador. A expressão simbólica de Bolívar é analisada à luz de uma reflexão sobre o papel desempenhado pelos mitos políticos nas sociedades modernas. A despeito de uma presumida racionalização da vida política contemporânea, os mitos ainda se apresentam como vigorosos instrumentos para a manutenção de consensos e, como no caso de Hugo Chávez, para legitimar e dar substância a uma suposta proposta de ruptura. Além desta dimensão simbólica, a pesquisa se propõe a responder se há, efetivamente, uma correspondência material entre o ideário bolivariano e o projeto político levado a cabo pelo presidente venezuelano. A hipótese deste trabalho é que o legado mítico de Bolívar desempenha um papel determinante no projeto chavista, mas que a relação entre Simón Bolívar e Hugo Chávez não se encerra no plano exclusivamente simbólico. Por fim, reflete-se sobre a relação de ambos com o povo , apontando que há, neste aspecto particular, um componente paradoxal: Chávez subverte as impressões de Bolívar acerca das massas para, supostamente, pôr em curso o projeto inacabado pelo Libertador da América hispânica

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:53:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elton Frederick Souza.pdf: 880420 bytes, checksum: fee7ec7f2a3ffe4b646599c40b6e98b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-14 / This research Bolivarism and Chavism: similarities, mystification and paradoxes intend to make a rescue of the political thought of Simon Bolivar in order to examine how the president of Venezuela, Hugo Chavez, appropriates the legacy of The Liberator . The symbolic expression of Bolivar is analyzed in the light of a reflection on the role of political myths in modern societies. Despite a presumed rationalization of contemporary political life, the myths still present themselves as powerful instruments for the maintenance of consensus and, as in the case of Hugo Chavez, to legitimize and give substance to an alleged proposal to break. Beyond this symbolic dimension, the research aims to answer whether there is indeed a material correspondence between the Bolivarian ideas and the political project undertaken by the Venezuelan president. The hypothesis is that the mythical legacy of Bolivar plays a key role in the Chavez project, but the relationship between Simon Bolivar and Hugo Chavez does not end only in the symbolic plan. Finally, it reflects the relationship of both with the people , indicating that there is, in this particular aspect, a paradoxical component: Chavez subverts the impressions of Bolivar on the masses for supposedly implement the Liberator Hispanic American unfinished project / A pesquisa Bolivarismo e Chavismo: aproximações, mitificação e paradoxos se propõe a fazer um resgate do pensamento político de Simón Bolívar para analisar de que forma o presidente da Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, se apropria do legado do Libertador. A expressão simbólica de Bolívar é analisada à luz de uma reflexão sobre o papel desempenhado pelos mitos políticos nas sociedades modernas. A despeito de uma presumida racionalização da vida política contemporânea, os mitos ainda se apresentam como vigorosos instrumentos para a manutenção de consensos e, como no caso de Hugo Chávez, para legitimar e dar substância a uma suposta proposta de ruptura. Além desta dimensão simbólica, a pesquisa se propõe a responder se há, efetivamente, uma correspondência material entre o ideário bolivariano e o projeto político levado a cabo pelo presidente venezuelano. A hipótese deste trabalho é que o legado mítico de Bolívar desempenha um papel determinante no projeto chavista, mas que a relação entre Simón Bolívar e Hugo Chávez não se encerra no plano exclusivamente simbólico. Por fim, reflete-se sobre a relação de ambos com o povo , apontando que há, neste aspecto particular, um componente paradoxal: Chávez subverte as impressões de Bolívar acerca das massas para, supostamente, pôr em curso o projeto inacabado pelo Libertador da América hispânica