Malnutrition and dehydration are prevalent health risks among older adults in skilled nursing facilities, particularly among those with cognitive impairments. Existing behavioral interventions do not consider social aspects of mealtimes, and there is limited research on social aspects of mealtimes in older adults. The current study introduces nonconscious behavioral mimicry as a social approach to supplement existing interventions. A repeated measures design examining the imitation of a confederate’s drinking and cup touching behaviors was employed to investigate whether these behaviors can be altered due to nonconscious behavioral mimicry in healthy older adults (N = 14; M = 71 years old). Findings indicate that behavioral mimicry increased drinking behaviors, while no significant effect was observed with cup touching behaviors. One plausible reason for this is the goal-directed nature of drinking behaviors. This thesis supports further studies to increase the magnitude of nonconscious behavioral mimicry in older adult populations with cognitive impairments.

Studien undersöker om och i så fall hur rekryteringsprocessen är en bidragande mekanism till fortlevnad av vertikal- och horisontell segregering. Studien genomförs i fem av Göteborgs Stads stadsdelsförvaltningar och belyser hur könsfördelningen och rekryteringen ser ut vid chefsrekrytering i kommunen. Vi har även intervjuat respondenter från den fackliga organisationen Vision Göteborg och processledaren för rekryteringsprocessen från Stadsledningskontoret.Vi utgår från forskningsfrågor om könsfördelningen, regler och policys, och bidragande faktorer till könsmönster. I referensramen behandlas teorier om homosocialitet, psykometriska- och sociala ansatsen, glastak, manliga- och kvinnliga egenskaper, könskodade yrken, positiv särbehandling samt Svenska lagar om diskriminering. Vi har genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer med sju respondenter. Med hjälp av vår referensram skapar vi intervjufrågor där vi sedan i analysen kopplar respondenternas svar till teorier som vi presenterat tidigare, vi jämför teorin med praktiken.Studien visar att det finns skilda meningar bland respondenterna om det förekommer könsmönster eller inte i Göteborgs Stad. Vår kvantitativa forskning visar att andelen kvinnor på chefsposter inte är tillräcklig för att bidra till representativitet. / The study investigates whether, and if so, how the recruitment process is a contributing mechanism for the survival of vertical and horizontal segregation. The study is conducted in five of the City of Gothenburgs administrations districts and highlights how gender distribution in the recruitment of executives appears in the municipality. We also interviewed respondents from the trade union organization Vision Gothenburg and the process manager for the recruitment process from the City Executive Office.Our research questions are about gender balance, the framework addressed theories of homosociality, psycometric and social approach, glass roof, male- and female characteristics, gender-coded professions, affirmative action and Swedish laws about discrimination. We conducted semi-structured interviews with seven respondents. Using our framework, we create interview questions where we in the analysis linking the respondents' answers to the theories that we presented earlier, we compare theory with practice.The study shows that there are different opinions among the respondents if there are gender patterns or not the City of Gothenburg. Our quantitative research shows that the proportion of women in executive posts is not enough to contribute to representativeness.

Orientador: Margareth Brandini Park / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T22:20:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pimenta_MartaEugeniaFontenele_M.pdf: 11277937 bytes, checksum: ce557461c9d1b15ddbfd6e0e183df415 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a temática do trabalho nas narrativas de velhos alfaiates, quando convidados a falarem de suas trajetórias de vida, por meio de processos de reminiscências. O estudo foi desenvolvido com a participação de cinco alfaiates - com faixa etária entre 65 e 98 anos -, os quais passaram a maior parte de sua vida adulta e produtiva, na cidade de Campinas (SP), tendo como fator comum a prática do ofício, no contexto do século XX. À luz da Gerontologia, e numa perspectiva de valorização da rememoração na velhice, a pesquisa evidencia que esses homens velhos, ao falarem de si apóiam-se na temática trabalho (vida laborativa), utilizando-a como uma espécie de fio condutor, para organizarem e estruturarem suas memórias, configurando um estado de unissonância entre vida e trabalho. Aliando ao método biográfico uma sistematização para a leitura dos relatos, o trabalho amplia o espectro de interpretações das narrativas, possibilitando análises acerca das especificidades nas quais o velho se apóia para falar de si, de suas visões de mundo e do trabalho, como um conteúdo existencial e social / Abstract: The aim of this research is to look into the topic of work in the narratives of aged tailors, when asked to speak about their lives by means of remembrances. The research was developed with the participation of tailors whose age varied from 65 to 98. They have spent most of their lives in Campinas (SP) having in common the practice of their jobs in the twentieth century. In the light of gerontology and in the perspective of valuing remembrances in old age, the research gives evidence that these old men, when speaking about themselves, back up on the topic work (working life). They use it as a guideline to organize and structure their memories creating a state of harmony between life and work. This study enlarges the spectrum of interpretations of the narratives using a biographical method as well as a systematization for the reading of the accounts. This enables analyses about the specifications upon which the elder backs up to speak about himself and to express his ideas about the world and about work as an existential and social content / Mestrado / Mestre em Gerontologia

This qualitative study explores how eco-social organizations in Colombia work with the communities to protect the páramos, and the issues affecting the páramos. Workers, volunteers, and advisors of the organizations were interviewed to examine the issues affecting the páramos and how they work with the communities to protect this ecosystem. Results of this study were analyzed through the environmental justice framework and the eco-social approach and by applying thematic analysis. The findings identified that issues such as climate change, agriculture, and mining are affecting the ecosystem of páramos. The study results also reflected that the community-based conservation approach, community prior knowledge, educating and raising awareness, and the role of eco-social non-governmental organizations play a fundamental role when working alongside the communities to protect the páramos.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est d’éclairer un phénomène invisible mais prégnant dans les organisations : les relations affinitaires au travail. Articulant les approches en psychosociologie et en philosophie avec une littérature plus récente propre aux sciences de gestion portant sur les réseaux et les workplace friendships, la thèse permet de mieux comprendre les relations affinitaires dans leur caractérisation, leur développement et leurs conséquences en contexte de travail. Basée sur deux niveaux d’analyse, individuel et groupal, la méthodologie se déploie autour de récits de vie et de quatre études de cas d’équipes de travail aux caractéristiques organisationnelles contrastées. Quatre types de relations affinitaires au travail sont ainsi identifiés : les « amis », les « collègues amis », les « amitiés stratégiques » et les « collègues ennemis ». Leur formation est non seulement influencée par des facteurs individuels et inter individuels, mais aussi par la structure et la culture organisationnelles. Leurs conséquences contrastées portent sur le bien-être et la motivation au travail, les relations de collaboration et le fonctionnement des équipes. Cette thèse montre que les relations affinitaires s’avèrent structurantes pour le fonctionnement d’une organisation à fort potentiel de collaboration. / The purpose of this dissertation is to understand an invisible but significant phenomenon in organizations: friendship ties at work. The conceptual framework combines philosophy and psychosocial studies with network approach and workplace friendship perspectives from the management literature. It highlights the characterization, development and consequences of friendship ties at work. Through individual and group-level analysis, the methodology is based on life stories and multiple case studies of work teams. Four types of workplace friendships are identified: « personal friends », « work friends », « strategic friends » and « work enemies ». Their development is influenced by individual and inter individual factors as well as organizational structure and culture. Friendship ties have also consequences on well-being, motivation, collaboration and functioning of teams at work. The findings underline that workplace friendships are more structuring for the functioning of organizations based on strong potential of collaboration.