Wen Wen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-147). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iv / Contents --- p.v / Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- Literature Review --- p.15 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Theoretical Framework and Method of Decomposition --- p.39 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- Data --- p.57 / Chapter Chapter 5. --- Estimation Results --- p.87 / Chapter Chapter 6. --- Conclusion --- p.132 / Appendix --- p.138 / References --- p.142

This study uses grounded theory method to explore how effective China's social policy in promoting social integration through an investigation of the social consequences of youth unemployment in Shanghai. Research questions include: What is the impact of unemployment on the social integration of young people in Shanghai? What are the roles of state welfare institution and family system in the influencing process? The results show that the unemployed young persons in Shanghai face the risks of social exclusion in their lives, such as, access to state welfare, economic condition, consumption, leisure activities, time structure, social relations, and life transition. The reason for the emergence of these risks is that the state gives the highest priority to system integration and shifts its unemployment protection obligation to the family without well-developed family-supportive polices to assure and promote the realization of the protecting function of family. Thus, under the current framework of social policy, family becomes the primary social institution to promote social integration among the unemployed youth. However, the realization of family protecting function is not automatic inevitable, but a negotiated consequence of the harmonic interaction among family economic resource, family structure, family obligation and family relationship. The failure of family support would make the young unemployed socially excluded. This study suggests that China's social policy should emphasize both system integration as well as social integration: establishing the social right value based upon fair reciprocity of rights and responsibilities, formulating family-supportive polices, and applying the perspective of "new social policy" to broaden the scope of social policy interventions. / 曾群. / 論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2005. / 參考文獻(p. 251-267). / Adviser: Ngan-pun Ngai. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: A, page: 2756. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in English. / School code: 1307. / Lun wen (Zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2005. / Can kao wen xian (p. 251-267). / Zeng Qun.

Orientador: Guita Grin Debert / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-05T10:50:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_AmandaMarquesde_M.pdf: 1637229 bytes, checksum: b8907682e74d08607f1e45bc9d32c88c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Essa dissertação tem como base uma pesquisa realizada em uma Delegacia de Defesa da Mulher e num Distrito Policial localizados numa cidade do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Seu objetivo foi compreender os significados que a violência contra o idoso tem para os agentes policiais e o conjunto de práticas por eles desenvolvidas no tratamento das ocorrências que têm como vítimas pessoas com 60 anos ou mais. Com essa finalidade, a investigação articulou a análise da documentação produzida pela polícia com a observação de comportamentos e entrevistas no ambiente policial. Os dados levantados permitiram mapear os tipos de ocorrências; identificar o perfil social das vítimas; e a maneira como os agentes compreendiam as denúncias e a especificidade da situação dos velhos. Constatou-se que a compreensão dos policiais das duas delegacias sobre a violência contra o idoso invisibiliza a violência denunciada que, na maioria dos casos, tinha como agressor conhecidos ou familiares das vítimas. Os agentes policiais, por um lado, feminizavam a velhice considerando que as queixas envolvendo a família deveriam ser encaminhadas para a delegacia de defesa da mulher, mesmo quando a vítima era do sexo masculino. Por outro lado, associavam à velhice características como a passividade, a dependência e a falta de vigor físico, o que não corresponde ao perfil das vítimas compareciam às delegacias. Como esse trabalho demonstra, os velhos que denunciam estão muito distantes dessa imagem do velho frágil e dependente da família e das instituições voltadas para o cuidado da velhice. São homens e mulheres com autonomia funcional e de rendimentos que buscaram nas delegacias, especializadas e comuns, um espaço para solucionar seus conflitos e garantir a propriedade de seus bens / Abstract: This dissertation is based on a research carried out in a Police Station for Women Defense and in a District Police Station located in a city in the countryside of the State of São Paulo. The objective of this work was to understand the meanings that violence against the elderly have to police officers, as well as their practices in the treatment of occurrences that have people at the age of 60 or older as the victims. With that purpose, the investigation included the analysis of the documents produced by the Police, with the observation of behaviors and interviews at the police environment. The surveyed data allowed for the mapping of the types of occurrences, the identification of the social profile of the victims, and the way in which the officers understood the denunciations and the specificity of the elderly situation. It was observed in the two Police Stations that the officer¿s understanding about violence against the elderly makes the denunciated violence invisible, which in most cases have acquaintances or family members of the victims as the aggressors. On the one side, police officers feminized the elderly by deeming claims involving the family as a subject to be forwarded to the Police Station for Women Defense, even when the victim was a male. On the other side, they associated the elderly with characteristics such as passivity, dependence, and lack of physical strength, which did not correspond to the profile of the victims who went to those stations. As shown in this work, the denunciating elderly are far away from this image of the fragile elderly who depends on the family and on institutions dedicated to elderly care. They are men and women with functional and economic autonomy who sought in Police Stations, both specialized and common, a space to solve their conflicts and guarantee the property of theirassets / Mestrado / Mestre em Antropologia Social

This work offers a cross-cultural account of the “aging experience” for elderly in two regions of Bulgaria. It is an ethnographic study that explores the importance of sustained and new (or adapted) interpersonal relationships for elderly in a depopulating Northwestern Village and a small Southern Town and its surroundings in the Rhodope Mountains. Highlighting relationships with family, peers, and neighbors, the study documents how the elderly negotiate and strategize their well-being in spaces and networks increasingly occupied by members of their same age group and despite adversity such as permanently depleting populations. These elders manage to engage in creating and maintaining their networks for instrumental or salient support; participate in peer memberships and interactions for coping and belonging; and negotiate valued and new cultural and socioeconomic strategies and places for well-being. The study’s focus engages with theories of aging; psychosocial, anthropological, and sociological knowledge; and cross-disciplinary conceptions of how groups of people mediate relationships and issues affecting them. It underscores some Bulgarian elders’ engagement over disengagement, their nostalgia and coping, and pathways that lead to innovation and resiliency. The study also offers further insight into topics such as “aging in place” and the complexities of human experiences within a Bulgarian context that considers specific histories and processes such as post-socialism and out-migration. As such, the current work contributes to explorations of engaged and adaptive elders aging in place (particularly in relationship to out-migration and economic forces); to how overlapping histories and experiences create membership within age-cohorts; and on the ways that the elderly cope, adapt, and innovate when traditionally salient family networks are stretched because of economies, depopulation, or distance. Finally, this work occurs against the backdrop of an aging and depopulating landscape. Issues affecting Bulgaria and its elders include population loss and stages of demographic decline, declining or low fertility rates, and an increasingly aging population across the country but more so within villages. These and other problems have resulted in the elderly expressing isolation; feelings of loss; and economic, social, and personal woes. It has also resulted in the elderly being categorized as a particularly “vulnerable” group within the country, a term which runs the risk of placing them within a realm of complacency or marginalization. Even in extreme situations, many of the elderly I met in Bulgaria remained resourceful and resilient by sustaining or adapting relationships and practices, by creating moments and spaces for coping and companionship, and to meet their need as “still alive” in ways that challenge perceptions of vulnerability or marginality.

The well-documented problem of gender-based violence in South Africa has emerged in a context in which human rights are championed, new economic opportunities are available to some, and structural inequalities persist. Scholars have argued that in modern times, high rates of gender-based violence are due to a ‘crisis in masculinity’. This study reframed the crisis in masculinity thesis by critically examining how South Africa’s current transformative moment has reinscribed ideas around gender, sexuality, race, rights, freedom, and equality into the post-apartheid era. The objective was to analyze how normative, material, and discursive dimensions of the South African context shape young adults’ lives and gender ideals for and experiences in sexual relationships. The study innovates by applying an intersectional lens to explore the context of young-adult lives and sexual relationships in relation to race and class as well as gender. Data collection included 11 single-sex and 5 mixed-sex focus group discussions, and 21 interviews with a diverse – across the axes of race, class, and gender – group of young adults between 20 and 30 years old in Cape Town, South Africa. Focus group and interview data were analyzed in conjunction with field observation that took place during the two and half years that I lived in Cape Town. The study strengthens research that moves beyond reductionist views of culture, rights, inequality, gender, and power. The findings suggest that discourses on human rights, neoliberalism, gendered sexual morality, post-racialism, and personal responsibility have purchase in South Africa’s post-apartheid context and contribute to a contested landscape of transformation. Sexual relationships are a terrain upon which the contested landscape of transformation plays out. Tensions between popular discourses, human rights laws, cultural scripts for gender and sexuality, and structural inequalities allow young adults to deploy them flexibly in organizing their lives and relationships. Young adults use rights and gender as languages of social critique in a context where the ideals of freedom, equality, and justice are contested. I argue that in pluralist “modern” South Africa, cultural scripts that operate within and between a variety of social institutions offer conflicting messages about gender and sexuality that are expressed in young adults’ gender ideals for relationships. Young adults selectively pull from competing scripts and popular discourses to construct masculine and feminine ideals for sexual relationships and decide how power should be negotiated in idealized intimate partnerships. This project also contributes to research on gender and modernity by illustrating how social location shapes who and what is considered desirable in the young-adult relationship market as well as the relationship pathways available for young women and men to pursue. In sum, young adults’ discursive use of rights and their relationship ideals reveal that they are acutely aware of the discrepancies among the values to which they are exposed in South Africa’s contested landscape of transformation. The gendered sexualities they construct suggest that sexual relationships are a key location to articulate these tensions and redefine equality and freedom in their own lives.

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Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-03-07T14:49:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) PDF - Mayrla Lima Pinto.pdf: 1900377 bytes, checksum: 88271464aadbb0c6a62d08211cf10d68 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-06-13T20:36:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 PDF - Mayrla Lima Pinto.pdf: 1900377 bytes, checksum: 88271464aadbb0c6a62d08211cf10d68 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-13T20:38:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 PDF - Mayrla Lima Pinto.pdf: 1900377 bytes, checksum: 88271464aadbb0c6a62d08211cf10d68 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-12 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The objective was to analyze the spatio-temporal distribution of tuberculosis cases and its relationship with the social determinants of health in the urban area of Crato/CE/ Brazil, from 2002 to 2011. Ecological, temporal trend and hybrid design study, with a quantitative approach. 261 new cases of tuberculosis were georeferenced. The construction of Geographical Information System, preparation of maps and spatial analysis were made using the ArcGis software - version 9, by Esri. In order to characterize the study subjects, it was used the software R where the data were submitted to absolute and relative frequency calculations. The profile of patients in 10 years of study obeyed the following pattern: males (64,0%), aged between 20 to 59 years old (73,6%), with low schooling (59,0%), affected by pulmonary form of tuberculosis (80,1%) and that have achieved the cure of the disease (77,0%). The distribution of tuberculosis in points form showed that the new disease cases were not distributed on a regular basis, indicating a clustered spatial pattern. The map with the cases density through the estimated Kernel, revealed that there are cases of the disease spread widely across the city, however, the "hot" areas demonstrate that these are more concentrated in the vicinity of the map central region. The graph of the function L pointed out positive values, being the same above the envelopes, which characterizes and confirms the grouping of cases. It was built a Tuberculosis Determination Indicator using data from the Census 2010. A thematic map was generated and it indicated high, intermediate and low social determination for the disease, which was compared to the map of cases concentration by means of Kernel estimation. The areas with the highest number of illness cases coincided with the concentration areas of poverty and of social intermediate determination. The study revealed that the disease has not reached all population groups with the same intensity, those who were most vulnerable, in fact, were the ones who dwelt in regions with fewer infrastructures and where the flow of people is intense. The techniques presented in this work proved they are useful as a tool to be used by Health Surveillance Services, as it provides valuable information on identifying vulnerable areas of tuberculosis occurrence. Thus, greater efforts should be provided in the planning of preventive actions in the identified areas to plan strategic interventions and selective monitoring in these localities, in a more active and effective, thereby fostering greater impact on changes in the epidemiological picture of the disease. / Apesar dos esforços empregados na tentativa de controlar a tuberculose (TB), esta continua a merecer especial atenção, uma vez que ainda se configura como problema de saúde pública mundial, devido à sua presença constante ao longo dos tempos. Objetivou-se analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal dos casos de tuberculose e sua relação com os determinantes sociais da saúde na área urbana do município do Crato/CE, no período de 2002 a 2011. Estudo com delineamento híbrido, ecológico, de tendência temporal, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram georreferenciados 261 casos novos de tuberculose. O perfil dos doentes nos 10 anos de estudo obedeceu ao seguinte padrão: indivíduos do sexo masculino (64,0%), na faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos (73,6%), que possuíam o ensino fundamental incompleto (59,0%), acometidos pela forma pulmonar da tuberculose (80,1%) e que alcançaram a cura da doença (77,0%). A distribuição da tuberculose em forma de pontos revelou que os casos novos da doença não estavam distribuídos de forma regular, indicando um padrão espacial agrupado. O mapa com a densidade dos casos por meio da estimava Kernel, revelou que existem casos da doença bem distribuídos pela cidade, no entanto, as áreas “quentes” demonstram que estes se apresentam mais concentrados nas proximidades da região central do mapa. Por meio da função L confirmou-se um padrão de pontos do tipo agrupado. Foi construído um Indicador de Determinação da Tuberculose utilizando dados do Censo Demográfico 2010. Gerou-se um mapa temático que indicou alta, intermediária e baixa determinação social para a doença, o qual foi comparado com o mapa de concentração de casos por meio da estimativa Kernel. As áreas com maior número de casos da doença coincidiram com as áreas de concentração de pobreza e de determinação social intermediária. O estudo revelou que a doença não atingiu todos os grupos populacionais com a mesma intensidade, os que estiveram mais vulneráveis de fato, foram os que habitavam em regiões com menor infraestrutura e por onde o fluxo de pessoas é intenso. As técnicas apresentadas mostraram-se úteis como instrumento a ser utilizado pelos serviços de Vigilância em saúde, à medida que fornece informações valiosas na identificação de áreas vulneráveis à ocorrência da tuberculose. Assim, maiores esforços devem ser fornecidos no planejamento de ações preventivas nas áreas identificadas para planejar intervenções estratégicas e monitoramento seletivo nessas localidades, de forma mais ativa e efetiva, fomentando dessa forma, maior impacto nas mudanças do quadro epidemiológico da doença.

Submitted by Daniella Santos (daniella.santos@ufma.br) on 2017-08-07T16:37:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Larissa Di Leo.pdf: 1138318 bytes, checksum: cace12c0325089f516fb7ccc5dbf43af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-07T16:37:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Larissa Di Leo.pdf: 1138318 bytes, checksum: cace12c0325089f516fb7ccc5dbf43af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-18 / INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is an exacerbated and uncontrollable proliferation of abnormal cells, however, it is one of the most studied cancers because it is a heterogeneous group of diseases. It is considered of relative good prognosis if diagnosed and treated early, the average survival after five years of diagnosis is about 80%. Despite the chances of cure, breast cancer is still the type of cancer that kills most women worldwide and trend growth over the years. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the tendency of breast cancer mortality and socioeconomic factors in the capitals of Brazil from 1998 to 2002 and from 2008 to 2012. METHODOLOGY: This is a descriptive study of a time series using the SIM as data on breast câncer mortality and the IDH provided by the Brazilian Geographic Atlas as data on social conditions. RESULTS: With regard to sociodemographic data, the women majority were white in the first and second quinquennial (71.13% and 61.47%), schooling from 4 to 7 years of formal study (26.22% and 26.42 %), The predominant age was women in their 70 years or older (46.21% and 50.29%). Regarding the mortality rate, the prevalence was higher, considering the ten years, were in the capitals of Brasília (3.3), Rio de Janeiro (1.7), followed by Manaus (1.5), São Paulo (1, 4), Campo Grande, Boa Vista and Cuiabá, all with 1.3. And the lowest rates were demonstrated by the city of Palmas (0.3), Florianópolis (0.5), Belo Horizonte, Salvador and São Luís with 0.6. Regarding the IDH, the cities with the highest IDH in 2000 were Florianópolis (0.76), Vitória and Curitiba with 0.75 and São Paulo with 0.73. The cities with the lowest IDH were Maceió (0.58), Rio Branco (0.59), Manaus (1.2) and Porto Velho (0.61), and the highest IDHs in 2010 were in Florianópolis and Vitória 0.84, Brasília (0.82), Curitiba (0.76) and Belo Horizonte (0.57). The lowest IDHs were the cities of Maceió and Rio Branco with 0.72, Macapá, Porto Velho and Manaus with 0.73. Through this analysis we can conclude that there was a general increase in breast cancer in Brazil, with increasing mortality in most of the capitals studied / INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer de mama trata-se de uma proliferação exacerbada e incontrolável de células anormais, porém, é um dos cânceres mais estudados por se tratar de um grupo heterogêneo de doenças. É considerado de relativo bom prognóstico se diagnosticado e tratado precocemente, a sobrevida média após cinco anos do diagnostico é de cerca de 80%. Apesar das chances de cura, o câncer de mama ainda é o tipo de câncer que mais mata em mulheres em todo o mundo e tendência de crescimento no decorrer dos anos. OBJETIVO: Analisar a tendência da mortalidade por câncer de mama e as condições de desenvolvimento humano nas capitais do Brasil no período dos quinquênios de 1998 a 2002 e de 2008 a 2012. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de séries temporais com a utilização do Sistema de Mortalidade para dados sobre mortalidade do câncer de mama e do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano disponibilizado pelo Atlas Brasileiro Geográfico para dados de condições sociais dos anos. RESULTADOS: Com relação aos dados sociodemograficos, a maior parte das mulheres eram brancas no primeiro e segundo quinquênio (71,13% e 61,47%), escolaridade de 4 a 7 anos de estudo formal (26,22% no primeiro quinquênio e 26,42% no segundo), a idade predominante foram mulheres com 70 anos ou mais (46,21% no primeiro qüinqüênio e 50,29% no segundo). A taxa de mortalidade, foi maior considerando os dez anos nas capitais de Brasília (3,3%), do Rio de Janeiro (1,7%), seguido de Manaus (1,5%), São Paulo (1,4%), Campo Grande, Boa Vista e Cuiabá, todos com 1,3%. E as menores taxas foram demonstradas pela cidade de Palmas (0,3%), Florianópolis (0,5%), Belo Horizonte, Salvador e São Luís com 0,6%. Com relação ao IDH, as cidades que apresentaram maior IDH no ano de 2000 foram Florianópolis (0,76), Vitória e Curitiba com 0,75 e São Paulo com 0,73. As cidades que apresentaram os menores IDHs foram Maceió (0,58), Rio Branco (0,59), Manaus (1,2) e Porto Velho (0,61) e os maiores IDHsno ano de 2010 foram para Florianópolis e Vitória com 0,84, Brasília (0,82), Curitiba (0,76) e Belo Horizonte (0,57). Os menores IDHs foram da cidade de Maceió e Rio Branco com 0,72, Macapá, Porto Velho e Manaus com 0,73. CONCLUSÃO: Através dessa análise podemos concluir que houve crescimento do câncer de mama no Brasil de forma geral, com mortalidade crescente na maioria das capitais estudadas e em relação ao Índice de Desenvolvimento.