My PhD work aimed to assess intergenerational transmission and life-course change of attitudes towards authority. Intergenerational transmission is hypothesised as the mechanism through which parents' authoritarian attitudes affect their children's attitudes towards authority in adulthood. In the assessment of this transmission mechanism, this analysis accounts for individual-level theoretically relevant factors such as gender, education, social class, offspring's cognitive ability in childhood, as well as family background, in a longitudinal, single-cohort perspective. The research used the British Cohort Study 1970 (BCS70), which allows for the analysis of change at both the intra- and inter-individual levels. The sweeps analysed are those in years 1975 for the parents, and 1980, 1996, 2000 and 2012 for the cohort members. The analytical chapters of the thesis are made of three papers: The first assessed change (or stability) in attitudes to authority in the BCS70 from 1996 to 2012; the second looked at how parental authoritarian worldviews affect their children's attitudes towards authority when the children are adults; finally, the third paper aimed to evaluate the effect of parental attitudes on cohort members' attitudes towards authority in adulthood, after controlling for the latter's cognitive ability in childhood. I found that attitudes had a reasonably high level of stability across the life course. Despite moderately strong correlations across attitudes within waves, the different attitudes showed different patterns of longitudinal evolution, suggesting different causal influences. The evidence for direct transmission of attitudes from parents to children was surprisingly weak; the social statuses of the parents and cohort members, and especially the members' childhood cognitive ability, were the strongest predictors of authoritarian attitudes in adulthood.

Cette thèse étudie le discours des jeunes descendants d’immigrés maghrébins en situation de réussite scolaire. En s’appuyant sur 20 entretiens semi-directifs, cette recherche qualitative montre, comment les jeunes évoluent dans la société et notamment dans différents espaces de socialisation.Les résultats montrent différentes formes de socialisation chez ces jeunes lycéens dans différents espaces : famille, pairs, habitat, culturel, cultuel, sport et scolaire. Les espaces de socialisation les plus investies sont la famille, les pairs scolaires, la culture et le cultuel.La recherche met en évidence la place centrale de la mère dans l’espace de socialisation familiale composé de plusieurs sous-espaces de socialisation, dont l’espace maternel où se situe le maximum d’interactions sociales entre mère et enfant. On notera de nombreux sous-espaces familiaux comme celui avec les beaux-frères, peu connu des chercheurs.Les pairs scolaires sont également omniprésents dans les relations sociales et scolaires de ces lycéens qui réussissent, tous font références à des relations de proximité avec des camarades.La culture et le savoir en général occupent une place importante dans la socialisation du jeune lycéen, la fréquentation des bibliothèques, des musées et des lieux culturels font partie prenante du paysage social de ceux qui réussissent.Enfin, la place de la religion et de la culture arabo-musulmane est omniprésente dans les relations sociales et le quotidien. Les jeunes descendants d’immigrés maghrébins sont fortement attachés à leur culture et notamment à leur religion. Ces derniers fréquentent en nombre les associations musulmanes et sont en interactions sociales avec des pairs communautaires pour apprendre la religion de leurs parents, de leurs ancêtres. / This doctoral thesis studies the discourse of the young descendants of Maghreb immigrants in a situation of academic success in high school. Based on 20 semi-structured interviews, this qualitative research shows how the young people interviewed evolve in society and in particular the different spaces of socialization.The results show different forms of socialization among these young high school students in different areas : family, peers, habitat, cultural, cultic, sport and school. The areas of socialization that are the most important to young people are family, school peers, culture and worship.The research highlights the central place of the mother in the family socialization space composed of several sub-spaces of socialization, including the maternal space where the maximum social interaction between mother and child is located. There are many family sub-areas such as the one with brothers-in-law, little known to researchers.School peers are also ubiquitous in the social and educational relationships of these successful high school students, all interviewees refer to close relationships with classmates or high school students.Culture and knowledge in general are an important part of the socialization of the young high school student, the attendance of libraries, museums and cultural places are part of the social landscape of those who succeed.Finally, the place of religion and Arab-Muslim culture is omnipresent in social relations and everyday life. Young descendants of Maghreb immigrants are strongly attached to their culture and especially to their religion. The latter frequent large numbers of Muslim associations and are socially interacting with community peers to learn the religion of their parents, their ancestors.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:23:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Candice - Dissertacao final.pdf: 6257809 bytes, checksum: 2ce80e25abbe6962717ba87885b6cac4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-20 / Ce travail analyse le comportement du counteur d'histoires priez, basé dans un counteur d'histoires, le Monsieur Generino Baptiste, avec l'objectif de former un profil du counteur d'histoires contemporain, en caractérisant et en formant sa performance concernant la communauté de laquelle il fait partie. Basés sur les théories sur littérature populaire, spécifiquement les propositions par Jolles (1976), Propp (2006), Zumthor (1993, 1997, 2007) et Lime (1985), qui envisagent la littérature verbale je mange fruit d'un contexte de production qui renonce de public, de texte et d'auditeurs, et dans les notions sur la figure du narrateur sociologique discutée par Benjamin (1994) et Bosi (1987) et du narrateur arquetípico analysé par Warner (1999), ainsi que subventionnés par les études des bakhtinianos concernant dialogismo et voix dans le discours littéraire (BAKHTIN, 2008 et PONZIO, 2008), nous construisons à un manuscrit analytique performativo de l'action de ce counteur d'histoires, en démontrant le processus de construction des enredos des histoires que il raconte sur base de la mémoire auditive consciente et inconsciente collective, personnel, social et culturel. Nous prouvons sa performance comme constructeur du discours et comme acteur qui le représente avec l'objectif de comprendre la tradition raconter et de la permanence de la trame arquetípico dans la contação des histoires. En essayant de répondre à la question : Ce qui le profil socioculturel du comptable d'histoires vous priez dans contemporaneidade ? À travers la méthode analítico-descritivo, de la base sociologique, nous concluons que le counteur sujet de la recherche peut être considéré un représentatif contemporain arquetípico, comme caractérisation propagée, néanmoins son profil social souffre variations dû à son intention personnelle et à réception de différents groupes d'auditeurs. Counteur de histoires verbaux se divise entre la communauté de qui fait partie, dont il partage expériences semblables et dans laquelle Son Generino Baptiste suppose le rôle le counteur arquetípico, et les nouveaux groupes d'auditeurs de la grande ville, qui ont des expériences et des attentes différentes devant le raconter. / Este trabalho analisa a performance do contador de histórias orais, tendo por base um contador de histórias orais paraibano, o senhor Generino Batista, com o objetivo de formar um perfil do contador de histórias contemporâneo, caracterizando e modelando sua atuação em relação à comunidade da qual faz parte. Baseados nas teorias sobre literatura popular, especificamente as propostas por Jolles (1976), Propp (2006), Zumthor (1993, 1997, 2007) e Lima (1985), que contemplam a literatura oral como fruto de um contexto de produção que prescinde de público, texto e ouvintes, e nas noções sobre a figura do narrador sociológico discutidas por Benjamin (1994) e Bosi (1987) e do narrador arquetípico analisadas por Warner (1999), bem como subsidiados pelos estudos bakhtinianos a respeito de dialogismo e vozes no discurso literário (BAKHTIN, 2008 e PONZIO, 2008), construímos um roteiro analítico performativo da ação desse contador de histórias, demonstrando o processo de construção dos enredos das histórias que ele conta com base na memória auditiva consciente e inconsciente coletiva, pessoal, social e cultural. Evidenciamos sua atuação como construtor do discurso e como ator que o representa com o objetivo de compreender a tradição do contar e a permanência do enredo arquetípico na contação das histórias. Tentando responder à pergunta: Qual o perfil sociocultural do contador de histórias orais na contemporaneidade? Através do método analítico-descritivo, de base sociológica, concluímos que o contador sujeito da pesquisa pode ser considerado um representante contemporâneo arquetípico, conforme caracterização veiculada, entretanto seu perfil social sofre variações devido ao seu propósito pessoal e a recepção de diferentes grupos de ouvintes. O contador de histórias orais se divide entre a comunidade da qual faz parte, que compartilha experiências semelhantes e na qual Seu Generino Batista assume o papel do contador arquetípico, e os novos grupos de ouvintes da grande cidade, que têm experiências e expectativas diferentes diante do contar.

Cette thèse vise à apporter des éléments de compréhension sociologique des particularités alimentaires des enfants présentant des troubles autistiques. Ce sujet est encore peu étudié dans la littérature, alors même que les particularités alimentaires et les comportements problématiques à table associés aux troubles autistiques ont des conséquences sur la santé et la vie sociale de l’enfant ainsi que sur celles de l’entourage familial. À travers l’analyse d’entretiens avec des experts et des parents, de questionnaires, d’observations ethnographiques et de témoignages publiés de parents, ce travail observe les tensions qui jalonnent la construction du répertoire alimentaire. Sur un fonds biologique et psychologique commun, les analyses montrent comment l’écart autistique à la norme donne à voir des identités alimentaires qui se construisent et se diversifient au fil de l’âge et au gré des contextes. La thèse fait alors apparaître que des phénomènes, souvent identifiés comme spécifiques à la socialisation alimentaire en population autistique, relèvent en partie de déformations de la construction de la néophobie alimentaire et de son processus, au point qu’il soit nécessaire de parler de néophobies alimentaires au pluriel. L’alimentation particulière des enfants permet de souligner la dimension éminemment sociale du processus d’individualisation alimentaire. L’analyse des pratiques alimentaires spécifiques éclaire enfin la redéfinition des rôles et donne à voir les ajustements sociaux ainsi que le travail domestique, parental et de care pour y faire face. De la sorte, les perturbations liées aux troubles autistiques sont l’occasion d’observer les processus de néophobie sous un angle nouveau et de mettre au jour les enjeux individuels, familiaux, sociétaux et sanitaires de la socialisation alimentaire chez l’enfant. / This thesis aims at bringing elements for a sociological understanding of autistic children’s eating particularities. The scientific literature remains limited on that subject even though eating particularities and problematic behaviours associated with autism spectrum disorders have consequences on the child’s health and social life, as well as on the family circle’s. Through the analysis of interviews with experts and parents, a quantitative survey, ethnographic observations and published testimonies, this research explores the strains of the building process of alimentary repertories. On a biological and psychological common basis, the autistic deviation from the standard reveals the construction and diversification of eating identities throughout aging and the different contexts in which children evolve. The dissertation shows that some phenomena, often identified as specific of the food socialization in autistic population, are partly due to distortions of the food neophobia construction and its process, so that it is necessary to talk about neophobias in the plural. The eating particularities emphasize the eminently social dimension of children’s eating individualization process. Furthermore their understanding highlights the redefinition of parents’ roles and the social adjustments implemented to cope with them, resulting in a combination of domestic, parental and care strategies. Thus, perturbations linked with autism disorders are the opportunity to study the neophobia process from a new angle and to uncover individual, familial, societal and health stakes implied in children’s food socialisation.

Background: In consumer culture, marketing communications is recognised as a communication system that shapes and provides resources for our understandings of the world. Arguably, those accounts channel and reproduce only dominant ideologies, which contributes to that understanding being narrow, by stigmatising those idiosyncrasies that exist beyond generally accepted norms of consumption. In relation to clothing and children’s socialisation, that stigma becomes treated differently, in a violent manner, compared to those who dress accordingly to the norms. Nevertheless, a solution for the issue is commonly sought in consumers, and not in marketers. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine Finnish marketing communication practitioners’ perceptions of the phenomenon and responsibility of brand and clothing-related bullying, and to explore activities that are associated with inhibiting the bullying behaviour. Additionally, pedagogical marketing communications is discussed in relation to the other prevention activities to explore how the concept is interpret by marketing practitioners. Method: The research was interpretivist and qualitative by nature. A method of semi-structured interviews was chosen to explore marketing communication practitioners’ perceptions of the subject matter. Findings: The findings of this study indicate that marketing communication practitioners do not consider children as competent, but rather as vulnerable social beings when it comes to consumer life. Being perceived as such, the practitioners view parents, society and marketers responsible for providing solutions to the complex phenomenon, which according to the practitioners has ultimately stemmed from the structural development of societies in which digitalisation and social medias play an integral part. Contribution: The research has three identifiable implications on both theoretical and practical fields of fashion and marketing. First, it gives valuable information on how marketers view children as a market. Second, it provides a new, marketer’s viewpoint of to look at the phenomenon. Third, it recognises the marketers to have their roles as consumers beyond their roles as marketplace authoritatives.

Studiens syfte har varit att undersöka hur de yngsta barnen på förskolan kommunicerar och socialiserar med varandra och pedagogerna. Genom videoobservationer har vi studerat barnens kommunikation under de vardagliga rutinerna måltiden, samlingen och den fria leken. Resultatet visar att dessa situationer är ypperliga tillfällen att utmana och utveckla barnens kommunikativa och sociala förmågor. Måltiden och samlingen erbjuder olika möjligheter till samtal där pedagogerna avgör vilka strategier som bör tillämpas för att upprätthålla kommunikationen. Den fria leken präglas av barnens intresse för stunden, därmed avgör barnen vilken typ av kommunikationsform de väljer att tillämpa. I de olika observationerna kunde vi urskilja kommunikation i form av kroppsspråk, gester, tal och tecken som stöd.

Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur elever som har gått på samma högstadieskola upplever skolans brottsförebyggande arbete. Studiens deltagare är unga vuxna som relativt nyligen avslutat sin skolgång. Ett antal av de intervjuade har själva begått brott. Det vi har studerat är skillnader i deras erfarenheter av samma skolas brottsförebyggande arbete. För att kunna besvara våra forskningsfrågor har vi valt att använda oss av en kvalitativ metod. Empirin samlades in genom intervjuer med semistrukturerade frågor. Vi har använt oss av en tematisk analys där vi belyser olika områden. Resultatet har sedan tolkats med stöd av Hirschis teori om sociala band. Vad vi kommit fram till är att flera av de informanter som själva hade begått brott inte enbart ansåg att skolan inte varit brottsförebyggande, utan även att den påverkade deras egna livsval i negativ riktning.

In 1975 Indonesian forces invaded Dili, the capital of East Timor. The invasion and ensuing occupation forced thousands of East Timorese to leave their homes and seek refuge in Australia and other countries. This study considers the situation of a particular group of East Timorese refugees: those who fled to Australia during the 1990s and who were children or young adolescents at the time of their flight. Founded upon an understanding of social identity as being constantly transformed though a dialectic relation between the individual and his or her sociocultural surroundings, this dissertation considers the consequences of refugee experiences on individual identity and belonging, as well as the processes of conceptualising self and negotiating identity within changing social and cultural structures. The relationship between conflict and flight, resettlement, acculturation, identity and attachment is explored, and particular attention is given to issues of socialisation and categorisation, age and agency, hybridity, and ambiguity. Through a qualitative anthropological methodology informed by theories of cultural identity, adolescence and cross-cultural socialisation, the thesis seeks to shed light on the various dynamics that have influenced the young East Timorese people’s identity and sense of belonging, and considers the impact of acculturation and socialisation into a new culture at a critical period of the young people’s lives. / Masters Thesis

This is the first academic examination of the place and history of works produced by Go-Set Publications in studies of contemporary Australian teenage culture. Go-Set (Go-Set Publications, Melbourne) is perhaps the single most significant musicbased newspaper in the history of Australian teenage popular culture. Go-Set reflected the teenage culture of the period 1966 to 1974, helping create a dynamic independently thriving Australian rock music scene from 1969. It was independently owned and operated, set its own agendas and defined its own place in Australian teenage society. Go-Set's history is given as a biography (following van Zuilen (1977) in distinct stages from birth till death, highlighting the important landmarks of its life. In particular Go-Set led culturally by developing the first National Top-40 song chart. It provided musicians and non-musicians with weekly updates on the nature of the Australia's teenage music-based societal culture. It led in the development of a teenage counter-culture by keeping readers informed about alternative thinking and ideologies through the views of pop/rock stars, and later, more editorially directly, through its radical sister publication Revolution. Go-Set survived because readers continued to support it. It both entertained and informed. It gave young Australians the necessary knowledge, instruction, and advice to keep them up-to-date in a changing social scene To explain why Go-Set was so important to its readers, this thesis postulates a series of six speculative models describing how readers might have used the newspaper. These models suggest a process of usage relevant to teenage socialisation, by defining the criteria for acceptance of Go-Set's content as sets of instructions, or codes, of particular social relevance, namely the codes of personal life, music, fashion, and alternative lifestyle. The models postulate some sociological and psychological reasons for reading Go-Set, and suggest why the magazine was so successful during a period when other, similar, magazines failed.