Bakgrund: Skador inom idrotten är vanligt förekommande, inte minst inom fotbollen. Många studier lägger fokus på den fysiologiska aspekten i rehabilitering. Det har dock visats att socialt stöd är av vikt för en lyckad skaderehabilitering. Det råder emellertid bristande forskning på upplevt stöd hos fotbollsspelare samt hur de upplever stödet vid återgång till idrott. Syfte: Att undersöka fotbollsspelares upplevelse av socialt stöd under rehabilitering samt hur skadefrånvaron påverkar deras upplevda statusposition i laget. Metod och design: Kvalitativ explorativ intervjustudie. Data samlades in med semistrukturerade intervjuer med 2 manliga och 2 kvinnliga fotbollsspelare i Uppsala. Intervjuerna analyserades genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Informanterna upplevde att de fick olika sorters stöd från olika personer. Stödet berodde på den roll och relation personen i fråga hade med informanten. Alla upplevde att stödet under en rehabilitering naturlig förändrades över tid, från tröstande och intensivt i början till mindre uttalat i takt med att informanterna accepterade i situationen. Vid återgång upplevde de att deras statusposition i laget förändrats som resultat av den långa frånvaron. Detta upplevdes generellt som en naturlig process där de ansåg sig behöva jobba sig tillbaka för att förtjäna den tidigare upplevda statusen i laget. Konklusion: Utifrån studiens resultat framgår det att fotbollsspelare behöver olika sorters stöd av olika nyckelpersoner för att hålla motivationen uppe under en långvarig rehabilitering. Det upplevdes även viktigt att få fortsatt stöd vid återgång för att känna sig välkomnad och återfå tilltron till sin egen förmåga att kunna komma tillbaka till tidigare prestationsnivå. / Background: Injuries in sports are common, not least in football. Many studies focus on the physiological aspect of rehabilitation. However, it has been shown that social support is important for successful injury rehabilitation. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on the perceived support of football players and how they experience the support when returning to sport. Purpose: To examine football players’ experience of social support during rehabilitation and how the absence due to injury affects their perceived status position in the team. Method and design: Qualitative explorative interview study. Data was collected with semi-structured interviews with 2 male and 2 female football players in Uppsala. The interviews were analyzed through a qualitative content analysis. Result: The informants felt that they received different kinds of social support from different people. The support depended on the role and relationship the person in question had with the informant. Everyone felt that the support during a long-term rehabilitation naturally changed over time, from comforting and intense at first to a more decreased form as the informants became more accepting of the situation. Upon return, they felt that their status position in the team had changed as a result of the long absence. This was generally perceived as a natural process where they felt they needed to work their way back to earn the previously experienced status in the team.                                                                                                                                     Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be considered important that football players receive different kinds of support from different key persons to keep up the motivation during a long-term rehabilitation. It is also perceived important that football players receive continued support when they return to sport, in order to make them feel welcome and to increase their confidence in their own ability to return to previous levels of performance.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka om det fanns ett samband mellan specifika personlighetsegenskaper, copingresurser, tidigare stressorer och uppkomsten av idrottsskador hos aktiva lagidrottare i åldrarna 16-20. Insamlingen av data skede via ett icke slumpmässigt urval då idrottsgymnasium och idrottsföreningar blev utvalt kontaktade. Sammanlagt utfördes två mätningar där första mätningen utfördes 4-5 veckor efter första tillfället där tränare och ledare skulle rapporta de idrottsskador som uppkommit sen den första mätningen genomfördes. Det slutgiltiga urvalet bestod av 94 idrottare varav 61 manliga (M=16.74, SD=0.83) och 33 kvinnliga (M=17.40, SD=1.31). De idrotter som inkluderades var fotboll (n=36), handboll (n=27), ishockey (n=23) och baseboll/softboll (n=8). Resultatet visade att negativa livshändelsestressorer var den enda psykologiska riskfaktorn som hade ett signifikant samband med idrottsskador. Baserat på resultatet från föreliggande studie rekommenderas fortsatt forskning inom området för att kunna kartlägga hur psykologiska faktorer förhåller sig till uppkomsten av idrottsskador för att bättre kunna förebygga idrottsskador genom exempelvis utbilda idrottare och tränare. / The purpose of the study was to investigate whether there was a relationship between specific personalitytraits, coping resources, history of stressors and the occurrence of sports injuries in active team athletesaged 16–20. The data was collected from a non-random sample due to sport high schools and sportassociations were selectively contacted. A total of two measurements were performed where the firstmeasurement was in form of a questionnaire that the participants would answer while the secondmeasurement was performed 4–5 weeks afterwards where the coaches/leaders would report the sportinjuries that had occurred since the first measurement was performed. The final sample consisted of 94athletes, of which 61 were male (M = 16.74, SD = 0.83) and 33 were female (M = 17.40, SD = 1.31). Theteam sports included were football (n = 36), handball (n = 27), ice hockey (n = 23) and baseball/softball(n = 8). The results showed that negative history of stressors was the only psychological risk factor thathad a significant relationship with sport injuries. Based on the results from the present study furtherresearch is recommended in the field, to be able to address how psychological factors relate to theoccurrence of sport injuries to better prevent sport injuries, for example by educating athletes andcoaches.

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Många av de skador som inträffar inom ridsport är ofta orsakat av ett trauma (Havlik, 2010) vilket för det mesta resulterar i allvarliga skador. De psykologiska reaktionerna som uppkommer hos skadade ryttare är mångfacetterade och rehabiliteringsprocessen och resultatet är ofta en följd av ryttarens kognitiva värdering av sin skada (Wiese-Bjornstal, Smith, Shaffer & Morrey, 1998). Syftet med studien var att ur ett holistiskt perspektiv (1) skapa en förståelse över vilka psykologiska reaktioner ryttare upplever efter att ha råkat ut för en allvarlig idrottsskada, (2) förstå hur deras upplevelse av rehabiliteringsprocessen påverkade deras kognitiva värdering samt (3) förstå vilka faktorer som underlättade eller försvårade vägen tillbaka till aktiv ridsport igen. En kvalitativ metod i form av narrativa intervjuer användes och analysmetoden var holistiskt-innehåll (II), holistiskt-form (III) och kritisk narrativ analys (VI). Antalet deltagare var två ryttare som har tagit sig tillbaka till ridsporten efter en allvarlig skada. Resultatet av holistiskt-innehålls analysen redovisas enligt studiens frågeställning. Resultatet av holistiskt-form analysen visade 4 vändpunkter i ryttare A´s berättelse och 5 vändpunkter i ryttare B´s berättelse. Den kritisk narrativa analysen visade att ryttare A och B berättade om sig själva i relation till 3 olika teman. Resultaten diskuteras i relation till teoretiska referensramen samt tidigare forskning. / Many of the injuries occurring in equestrian sports are often caused by some form of trauma (Havlik, 2010) and they often results in a serious injury. The psychological reactions that equestrian riders may experience are multifaceted and the rehabilitation process and the result is often a result of the rider's cognitive appraisal of the injury (Wiese-Bjorn Stal, Smith, Shaffer & Morrey, 1998). The purpose of this study was from a holistic perspective (1) create an understanding of the psychological reaction a equestrian rider may feel after having suffered a serious sport-related injury, (2) understand how their experience of the rehabilitation process affected their cognitive appraisal, and (3) understand the factors that helped/did not help them get back to equestrian-sport. A qualitative approach through narrative interviews were used and the analysis was holistic-content (II), holistic-form (III) and critical narrative analysis (VI). Two equestrian riders who made a comeback to equestrian-sport after a serious injury participated. The result of the holistic-content analysis was reported according to the study questions. The result of the holistic-form analysis indicate 4 turning points in the rider A's story and the 5 turning points in the rider B's story. The critical narrative analysis illustrates that rider A and B described themselves in relation to 3 different themes. The results are discussed in relation to the theoretical framework and previous research.

Title: Evaluation of the most common injuries and health problems of professional table tennis players Objectives: The main aim of this work is to evaluate the most common injuries and health problems of professional table tennis players in the Czech Republic. Another goal is to determine the level of use of regenerative procedures and compensatory exercises within the training plan of athletes. Methods: The main method used in this thesis was a quantitative research by data analysis from non-standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among professional table tennis players who participated actively in the district, regional, league or extra league competition in the Czech Republic or abroad in the 2018/2019 season. A total of 374 questionnaires were processed and evaluated, which corresponds to 62,33 % of the total number of sent questionnaires. Results: Of the 374 table tennis players, 240 were injured (197 men, 43 women), which corresponds to 64,17% of the interviewed players. A total of 361 injuries were recorded. The research confirmed four out of six hypotheses. Statistical significance was noted between the injury and sex, and the statistically significant relationship between the injury and the different playing style was confirmed. Most injuries were in the area of the...

This diploma thesis deals with the issue of injury prevention in modern pentathletes. It sets itself the goal of analyzing the current epidemiological situation of injuries in modern pentathlon as well as the current preventive strategies of athletes, including the evaluation of their impact on the incidence of injuries. The nature of the work is a prospective cohort study. A modified version of the validated "Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center questionnaire on health problems" was used. This questionnaire was sent to athletes every week for 10 weeks using the Qualtrics questionnaire software. The study involved 43 probands from 15 countries, ie 4.3% of athletes registered with the UIPM (Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne). A total of 34 new injuries and overloads were recorded in 27 probands. The incidence rate of injuries of 3.1 / 1000 h of active sports was found. The most frequently reported segments of injury were the shoulder (14.7%), ankle (14.7%), knee and shin (both 11.8%). The ratio of the lower limb to upper limb injuries was found to be 3: 1. Most injuries were associated with running discipline (46%). The most commonly used injury prevention strategy was stretching, followed by strength training, massages, and consistent warm-up before training. The mean warm-up duration showed...

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Introduktion: Idag klassificeras akuta skador generellt som allvarligare än överbelastningsskador då akuta skador ofta leder till längre tid borta från idrotten. Denna form av kategorisering av allvarlighetsgrad inom forskning har dock påvisats vara problematisk då det ofta exkluderar överbelastningsskador. Detta trots att dem med överbelastningsskador ofta lider av långa perioder med smärta, nedsatt funktion och försämrad prestation. Viktigt oavsett vilken skada en person har drabbats av är följsamhet till rehabilitering. Följsamhet till rehabilitering har visats vara beroende av ett flertal olika faktorer bland annat upplevelsen av skadan och smärta. Syfte: Undersöka ifall det finns signifikanta skillnader mellan följsamhet till rehabiliteringsträning, upplevelse av skadan och högst upplevd nivå av smärta beroende på om en idrottsskada uppstått akut eller av överbelastning. Deltagare: 51 personer besvarade enkäten varav 39 stycken (14 kvinnor och 25 män) inkluderades i studien. De inkluderade var mellan 16 och 35 år gamla, led av en idrottsskada samt hade ett rehabiliteringsprogram för att behandla skadan. Baserat på deltagarnas diagnos samt beskrivning av skadan grupperades dem antingen in i kategorin akuta skador eller överbelastningsskador. Metod: Ett frågeformulär baserat på två validerade enkäter, Rehabilitation Adherence Questionnaire och Cognitive Appraisal Health Scale samt skattning av högst upplevd smärta distribuerades till föreningar och på sociala medier. För att undersöka ifall det fanns signifikanta gruppskillnader mellan dem med akuta skador och överbelastningsskador genomfördes t-test och MANOVA. Resultat: Det fanns inga signifikanta skillnader mellan grupperna på någon av de undersökta variablerna. Kategorin hot närmade sig signifikansnivå (p=0,071) där dem med akuta skador värderade sin skada som mer hotfull än dem med överbelastningsskador. Konklusion: Endast beroende på om en skada uppstått akut eller på grund av överbelastning verkar inte vara avgörande för en persons följsamhet till rehabilitering, upplevelse av skada eller högst skattad nivå av smärta. / Introduction: Acute injuries are generally classified as more severe than overuse injuries due to the fact that they often lead to longer time away from sport. This type of classification of severity in research is not deemed appropriate since it often excludes people suffering from overuse injuries. People with overuse injuries usually stay in their sport but participates with pain, reduced function and performance. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine significant differences between adherence to rehabilitation, cognitive appraisal and perceived pain depending on if a sport injury has occurred acute or due to overuse.   Participants: 51 participants answered the questionnaire and 39 (14 women and 25 men) of these were included in the study. The participants were between 16 and 35 years old, suffered from a sport injury and had a rehabilitation program to treat their injury. Based on the diagnosis and description of the injury the participants were separated into two groups, either acute injury or overuse injury. Method: A questionnaire including two validated questionnaires, the Rehabilitation Adherence Questionnaire and Cognitive Appraisal Health Scale and an estimation of highest experienced pain were distributed among different sport teams and social media. To investigate if there were any significant differences between the two groups on the examined variables several t-tests and one ANOVA was completed. Results: No significant differences were found between the two groups on any of the examined variables. The category threat on the Cognitive Appraisal Health Scale were close to significance (p=0,071) and suggests that people who suffer from an acute injury found their injury to be more threatful. Conclusion: If a sport injury has occurred acute or because of overuse doesn't seem to be a singular determinant factor that affects adherence to rehabilitation, cognitive appraisal or perceived pain

A series of four studies examined the emotional climate of elite sport, and tested the utility of an emotional disclosure intervention during sport injury rehabilitation. Overall, results from the investigations indicated that athletes' usual coping mechanism during injury rehabilitation was to inhibit and suppress felt emotions, while displaying mock emotions that were considered acceptable within their sport climate. Pennebaker's (1989) written disclosure paradigm was shown to address athletes' emotionally inhibitive coping style and encourage psychological and physical well-being. It was found to be a viable alternative to psychotherapy within the sport injury context. Athletes showed improvements in stress and mood disturbance, and fewer grief responses towards their injury. Affective and cognitive linguistic markers also showed changes during the 3-day intervention period, leading to the informed assumption that there was a likely association between changes in athletes' psychological responses to injury post-intervention and changes among the linguistic markers of interest. Results were discussed in the context of the broader sport psychology of injury research and limitations of the present investigations were discussed. Recommendations were made for future research into intervention research targeting the psychological experience of long-term injury.

Author: Bc. Jan Vocásek Thesis title: Analysis of the shoulder girdle injury and therapy of overhead athletes in Czech republic Cíl: The aim of the thesis was to create a literal research for the shoulder girdle injuries of overhead athletes, theoretically to write the anatomical and kinesiological characteristics of the shoulder girdle, to analyze the biomechanics, injury mechanisms in individual overhead sports, rehabilitation treatment and to find out how frequent the injuries of athletes in the Czech Republic follow-up treatment varies from abroad. Methods: For the purpose of this research was established a non-standardized questionnaire, based on literature studied and research questions, and then was distributed to 6 selected physicians dealing with this issue in the Czech Republic, who anonymously filled out questions regarding the shoulder joint injury based on their own clinical experiences. Results: Four of the six hypotheses were confirmed from the data obtained. The number of patients with shoulder girdle injuries in overhead sports in the Czech Republic has risen year- on-year and the most common injury is SLAP lesion. It has also been confirmed that the most common injury is caused by ball overhead sports and on the dominant upper limb. Key words: shoulder girdle, overhead sports,...