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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone and Nonpalpable Purpura in a Woman With Strongyloides Stercoralis Hyperinfection

Reddy, Thugu S., Myers, James W. 01 May 2003 (has links)
Strongyloidiasis stercoralis hyperinfection presenting as vasculitic-like skin lesions is rare. An autoinfection cycle allows intestinal strongyloidiasis, usually a benign infection, to persist for many decades. We report a woman with disseminated S stercoralis infection presenting as nonpalpable purpuric skin rash and syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Upon admission, she was treated with corticosteroids for her vasculitic skin lesions, which then worsened her status. When the diagnosis was recognized, steroids were stopped, thiabendazole treatment was instituted, and she gradually recovered. Serious or fatal infection can occur in patients with strongyloidiasis who were treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Stool specimen screening and/or serological tests for S stercoralis infection in patients who require immunosuppressive therapy helps to prevent complications before embarking on such treatment. Unexplained hyponatremia, severe hypoalbuminemia without proteinuria, and unusual skin rashes, especially over the lower aspect of the abdomen and upper aspects of the thighs, in persons living in areas endemic to S stercoralis should raise suspicion of S stercoralis infection.
42

Cinética de detecção de coproantígenos e de antígenos, anticorpos e imunocomplexos em amostras de soro e de lavado bronco alveolar de ratos imunossuprimidos e experimentalmente infectados por Strongyloides venezuelensis / Kinetic of coproantigen, antigens, antibodies and immune complexes detection in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from rats experimentally infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis

Gonçalves, Ana Lúcia Ribeiro 19 December 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The definitive diagnosis of strongyloidiasis is normally done by detection of larvae on faecal samples; however, the number of parasites is limited in most cases and the elimination of larvae is irregular. Thus, developing reliable serological methods for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis becomes imperative. The aim of this study was to establish a coproantigen ,antigen, antibody and immune complex detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples of non immunosuppressed or immunosuppressed rats experimentally infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis. For kinetics of coproantigen detection (0 and 5, 8, 13 and 21 days post-infection (d.p.i)), we used an anti-L3 polyclonal antibody produced in rabbits. For antigen and immune complex detection in serum and BALF samples (0 and 2, 5, 8, 13 and 21d.p.i), the microtitre plates were coated with IgG anti-S. venezuelensis and with alkaline parasite extract for antibody detection. The statistical analysis were analyzed using Two Way ANOVA, followed by the Bonferroni test. The criterion for statistical significance was set at p<0,05. The number of eggs/g of faeces recovered at 8 d.p.i was significantly higher for non immunosuppressed and immunosuppressed animals (p<0.01). The coproantigen detection was significantly higher at 13° d.p.i in non immunosuppressed (p<0.05) and in immunosuppressed it was anticipated to the 5th d.p.i. It was observed that antigen detection in serum samples was not a good approache for evaluating the infection however in BALF samples it showed superior results. In immunosuppressed animals, IgG specific for S. venezuelensis was preferentially detected during the 5° and 13° d.p.i and in immunosuppressed animals, during the entire experimental kinetics. In BALF samples, antibodies detection was observed from the 8° to the 21° d.p.i in non immunosuppressed animals and in immunosuppressed animals it was anticipatedto the 2° d.p.i, with higher reactivity at 5° d.p.i (p<0.05). The immune complex detection in serum samples of the non immunosuppressed animals was observed from the 5° to the 13° d.p.i and in immunosuppressed animals, during the entire kinetics. In BALF samples, immune complex detection was higher in non immunosuppressed animals. In conclusion, coproantigen and immune complex detection in serum and BALF samples are alternatives for early strongyloidiasis diagnosis, mainly in immunocompromised cases. / O diagnóstico definitivo da estrongiloidíase normalmente é realizado mediante a detecção de larvas nas fezes; porém a quantidade de parasitos é limitada e a eliminação de larvas é reduzida e irregular. Sendo assim, o desenvolvimento de testes sorológicos confiáveis para o diagnóstico da estrongiloidíase torna-se uma alternativa necessária. O objetivo deste estudo foi demonstrar a cinética de detecção de coproantígenos e de antígenos, anticorpos e imunocomplexos circulantes em amostras de soro e de lavado bronco alveolar (LBA) de ratos imunossuprimidos e experimentalmente infectados por Strongyloides venezuelensis. Para a cinética (0 e 5, 8, 13 e 21 dias pós-infecção (d.p.i)) de coproantígenos utilizou-se anticorpo policlonal anti-L3 produzido em coelhos. Para a detecção de antígenos e de imunocomplexos em amostras de soro e de LBA (0 e 2, 5, 8, 13 e 21 d.p.i), placas de microtitulação foram sensibilizadas com IgG anti-S. venezuelensis e com extrato alcalino de larvas para a detecção de anticorpos. A análise estatística foi realizada por Two Way ANOVA, seguida pela teste de Bonferroni, considerando p<0,05 significativo. A cinética de eliminação de ovos/g de fezes mostrou que o pico ocorre no 8° d.p.i sendo significativamente maior nos animais imunossuprimidos (p<0,01). O pico de detecção de coproantígenos nos animais não imunossuprimidos foi no 13° d.p.i (p<0,05), sendo que nos animais imunossuprimidos a detecção foi antecipada para o 5° d.p.i. A detecção de antígeno em amostras de soro não foi uma boa ferramenta diagnóstica para avaliar a infecção enquanto que em amostras de LBA mostrou ser ferramenta auxiliar. A detecção de IgG específica para S. venezuelensis em amostras de soro de animais não imunossuprimidos foi preferencialmente durante o 5° e o 8° d.p.i. e em animais imunossuprimidos, durante toda a cinética experimental. Nas amostras de LBA, a detecção de anticorpos ocorreu do 8° ao 21° d.p.i em animais não imunossuprimidos e em animais imunossuprimidos, foi antecipada para o 2° d.p.i, como pico de reatividade no 5° d.p.i (p<0,05). A detecção de imunocomplexos em amostras de soro de animais não imunossuprimidos foi possível do 5° aos 13° d.p.i e em animais imunossuprimidos, durante toda a cinética. Em amostras de LBA, a detecção de imunocomplexo foi maior em animais não imunossuprimidos. Concluiu-se que a detecção de coproantígeno e de imunocomplexos circulantes em amostra de soro e em amostras de LBA são uma alternativa para o diagnóstico precoce da estrongiloidíase principalmente nos casos de imunossupressão. / Doutor em Imunologia e Parasitologia Aplicadas
43

Comparação dos métodos parasitológico, imunológico e molecular em amostras de fezes de ratos (Rattus norvegicus Wistar) imunossuprimidos experimentalmente infectados por Strongyloides venezuelensis / Comparison of parasitological, immunological and molecular methods in fecal samples of rats (Rattus norvegicus Wistar) immunosuppressed experimentally infected by Strongyloides venezuelensis

Chaves, Leilane Alves 04 August 2014 (has links)
Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / The diagnosis of strongyloidiasis is difficult the irregular larval excretion and in most cases, individuals are asymptomatic; detection of latent cases of Strongyloides stercoralis in immunosuppressed may decrease morbidity and mortality. In this sense, the improvement of reliable diagnostic methods is essential. The objective of the study was to compare the release of eggs in the feces by the technique of Egg counts per gram of feces (EPG), coproantigens detection by ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and amplification bands by conventional (Polymerase Chain Reaction) PCR from feces of non immunosuppressed and immunosuppressed mice experimentally infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis. In the experimental kinetic days 0 and 5, 8, 13, and 21 after infection p.i. were used. Comparing the EPG, coproantigens detection by ELISA and PCR, it was observed in the non immunosuppressed group the release of eggs from the EPG test day on 5 to day 13 p.i, being absent on day 21 p.i. Coproantigen positivity was observed in 33.3% 5 and 8 p.i. and 100% on days 13:21 p.i. and PCR, the presence of amplified bands was observed along the entire kinetics. In immunosuppressed animals, 100% of the released eggs in the feces, the data of the ELISA, 100% of the animals were evaluated in both positive and PCR, the presence of amplified bands during kinetics. It is concluded that detection of coproantigens by ELISA and PCR diagnosis could be useful tools for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis especially in cases of immunosuppression. / O diagnóstico da estrongiloidíase é difícil, pois, a excreção larval é irregular e na maioria dos casos, os indivíduos são assintomáticos; a detecção de casos latentes de Strongyloides stercoralis em imunossuprimidos pode diminuir a morbidade e mortalidade da infecção. Assim, o aprimoramento de métodos confiáveis de diagnóstico são imprescindíveis. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a liberação de ovos nas fezes pela técnica de Contagem de Ovos por Grama de Fezes (OPG), a detecção de coproantígenos pelo ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) e amplificação de bandas pela Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) convencional de fezes de ratos não imunossuprimidos e imunossuprimidos e experimentalmente infectados por Strongyloides venezuelensis. Na cinética experimental foram utilizados os pontos 0 e 5, 8, 13 e 21 pós-infecção (d.p.i). Para o cálculo dos resultados foram utilizadas porcentagens simples e descrição dos resultados obtidos. Comparando-se o OPG, a detecção de coproantígenos pelo ELISA e a PCR, observou-se no grupo não imunossuprimido a liberação de ovos no teste OPG do dia 5 ao dia 13 p.i, sendo ausente no 21 d. p.i. Para a detecção de coproantígeno observou-se positividade de 33,3% no 5 e 8 d. p.i e de 100% no 13 e 21 d. p.i e na PCR, a presença de bandas amplificadas em todos os dias da cinética. Nos animais imunossuprimidos, 100% liberaram ovos nas fezes, no teste ELISA, 100% dos animais foram positivos e na PCR, a presença de bandas amplificadas em toda a cinética. Concluiu-se que a detecção de coproantígenos pelo ELISA e o diagnóstico por PCR podem ser ferramentas úteis para o diagnóstico em animais não imunossuprimidos e imunossuprimidos. Em comparação ao OPG, a detecção de coproantígenos pelo ELISA e amplificação de bandas pela PCR mostraram mais sensíveis nos dias analisados e podem ser métodos de escolha para diagnóstico da estrongiloidíase principalmente nos casos de imunossupressão. / Mestre em Imunologia e Parasitologia Aplicadas
44

Das Dauerstadium als Präadaptation

Chang, Zisong 08 January 2015 (has links)
Wir fanden konservierte molekulare Signaturen der Regulation durch Δ7-DA und Ascarosid bei Dauer- und infektiösen Larven. Danach wurde die hohe Konservierung durch unsere Analyse in Dauer- und Postdauer-Stadium zwischen den zwei nah verwandten freilebenden Arten C. elegans und C. briggsae identifiziert. Das heißt, dass die relative Veränderung auf mRNA- oder Protein- Ebene zwischen zwei Arten stark korreliert ist. Aber die relative Veränderung innerhalb derselben Art zeigt keine hochgradige Korrelation zwischen mRNA- und Protein-Ebene. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen in C. elegans Dauerlarven die signifikante Reduzierung der RNA-Mengen in 20 Stoffwechselwegen. Im Gegensatz dazu speicherten Dauerlarven reichlich RNA-Mengen in GO Termen wie Ribosome und Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. Auf Protein-Ebene sind die Stoffwechselwege von Proteinsynthese und Proteinverarbeitung im endoplasmatischen Retikulum in Dauerlarven herunterreguliert und GO Terme wie Lysosome sind hochreguliert. Durch die Zeitreihenanalyse der Proteom-Remodellierung der molekularen Signaturen beim Austritt aus dem Dauer-Stadium fand wir, dass GO Terme wie metal ion binding signifikant herunterreguliert sind und der Proteinabbau hochreguliert ist. Unsere Ergebnisse vom pSILAC Experiment deuten an, dass die Proteine für Energieerzeugung und Chaperone/Proteinfaltung beim Daueraustritt schnell verbraucht sind und wieder hergestellt werden. Zum Schluss haben wir als Erste den popomR-Assay in C. elegans etabliert und ein Screening der vermeintlichen Proteinbindestellen auf poly-A-RNA durchgeführt, um in der Zukunft die konservierten Mechanismen der post-transkriptionellen Regulation durch RBPs im Dauer-Stadium zu analysieren. / We found the conservation of molecular signatures by regulating with Δ7-DA and Ascarosid in dauer larvae and infective larvae. Then by our comparative analysis, the high degree of conservation between two closely related free-living species C. elegans and C. briggsae was identified in dauer and post-dauer stages. This means that the relative changes are strongly correlated on the mRNA or the protein level between two species. But the relative changes in the same species don’t show any strong correlation between the mRNA and the protein levels. Our results showed a significantly reduced amount of RNA in 20 metabolic pathways in C. elegans dauer larvae. In contrast, dauer larvae stored a large amount of RNA in GO terms such as ribosome and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. On the protein level, the metabolic pathways of protein synthesis and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were downregulated in dauer larvae and the term of lysosome was up-regulated. Due to time course analysis for proteome remodeling of molecular signatures during exit process from dauer stage, we found that GO terms such as metal ion binding were significantly downregulated during dauer exit and at the same time the protein degradation was up-regulated. Our results of pSILAC experiment suggest that the proteins for energy generation and chaperone/protein folding are quickly spent and rebuilded during dauer exit. Finally, we were the first to establish the popomR assay in C. elegans and performed a screening of the putative protein binding sites on poly-A RNA to analyze the conserved mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by RBPs in dauer larvae in the future.
45

Prevalência de HTLV-1 e HTLV-2 em portadores de Strongyloides stercoralis, Pará, Brasil

AGUIAR, Samantha Assis de 12 March 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2013-05-27T22:35:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_PrevalenciaHTLV1HTLV2.pdf: 2592010 bytes, checksum: e84b6d6b72f1f6ae896a2f21a0a3dff0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rosa Silva(arosa@ufpa.br) on 2013-05-28T12:03:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_PrevalenciaHTLV1HTLV2.pdf: 2592010 bytes, checksum: e84b6d6b72f1f6ae896a2f21a0a3dff0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-28T12:03:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_PrevalenciaHTLV1HTLV2.pdf: 2592010 bytes, checksum: e84b6d6b72f1f6ae896a2f21a0a3dff0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / SEDUC/PA - Secretaria de Estado de Educação / O Strongyloides stercoralis é um nematódeo intestinal de seres humanos causador da estrongiloidíase, doença com distribuição mundial especificamente comum em regiões tropicais e subtropicais. Estudos epidemiológicos têm demonstrado a existência da associação desta parasitose com o Vírus Linfotrópico de Células T Humanas do tipo 1 (HTLV-1). Em regiões onde ambos agentes são endêmicos, a coinfecção pode resultar no desenvolvimento da estrongiloidíase grave, pois o HTLV-1 provoca uma redução na produção dos componentes imunológicos participantes dos mecanismos de defesa contra S. stercoralis. Baseado nessa questão, esse estudo prentedeu contribuir para esclarecer o papel da imunossupressão induzida pelo HTLV-1 e HTLV-2 na persistência e disseminação do Strongyloides stercoralis. Testes sorológicos e moleculares foram utilizados para verificar a frequência da infecção pelo HTLV-1 e HTLV-2 nos portadores de S. stercoralis atendidos no Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto em Belém-Pará, no período de Julho de 2009 a Junho de 2011. Nesse estudo observamos a frequência (5,50%) de anticorpos anti-HTLV-1 e HTLV-2 em portadores de Strongyloides stercoralis. A prevalência de HTLV-1 (3,67%) foi superior à de HTLV-2 (0,92%). A análise da amostra estudada mostrou que não houve diferenças estatísticas significativas na frequência do HTLV-1 e HTLV-2 entre homens e mulheres. Quanto à distribuição dos portadores de HTLV-1 e HTLV-2 por faixa etária, observou-se maior frequência do vírus entre os pacientes com idade mais avançada. Baseados nos resultados deste estudo, concluímos que há necessidade de medidas profiláticas que previnam a disseminação do HTLV-1 e HTLV-2 entre portadores de S. stercoralis e como consequência evitar o desenvolvimento de complicações resultantes da associação desses agentes. / The Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode of humans that causes strongyloidiasis, a disease with worldwide distribution particularly common in tropical and subtropical regions. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the existence of an association of this parasitic disease with Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1). In regions where both agents are endemic, the coinfection may result in the development of severe strongyloidiasis, because HTLV-1 causes a reduction in the production of immune components participating in the defense mechanisms against S. stercoralis. Based on this question, this study wanted to help and clarify the role of immunosuppression induced by HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 in the persistence and dissemination of Strongyloides stercoralis. Serological and molecular tests were used to assess the frequency of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 in patients with S. stercoralis treated at University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Belém Pará, in the period July 2009 to June 2011. In this study, we observed the frequency (5.50%) of anti-HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 in patients with Stongyloides stercoralis. The prevalence of HTLV-1 (3.67%) was higher than that of HTLV-2 (0.92%). The analysis of the sample showed no statistically significant differences in the frequency of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 among men and women. At the distribution of patients with HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 by age group, we observed a higher frequency of the virus among patients with older age. Based on the results in this study, we conclude that there is need for prophylactic measures to prevent the spread of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 among carriers of S. stercoralis and consequently prevent the development of complications resulting from the combination of these agents.
46

Výskyt a sezónní dynamika parazitů střev u dostihových koní / The occurrence and the seasonal dynamic of the intestinal parasites by racing horses

WAGENKNECHTOVÁ, Adéla January 2009 (has links)
The diploma work The occurrence and the seasonal dynamic of the intestinal parasite by racing horses deals with the occurrence of intestinal parasites by individual horse-age categories, parasites{\crq} prevalence in comparison to annual seasons. The helminthes with highest prevalence {--} small and large Strongylus, Strongyloides westeri, Parascaris equorum, Oxiuris Equi {--} are described in the work.

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