This descriptive study was undertaken for the purpose of identifying the problems, benefits, and recommendations for improving secondary substitute teaching as perceived by administrators, regular teachers, substitute teachers, and students. Participants in the study included the total populations of administrators, regular teachers, substitute teachers, and students of the four secondary schools in a southwestern school district. The objectives of the study were to identify the perceptions of these groups regarding their views of the problems and benefits associated with substitute teaching and their recommendations for the improvement of substitute teaching in their school district. A two-questionnaire modified Delphi Technique was developed and used to gather the data. The Delphi I questionnaire was open-ended and asked the participants to list five problem areas; five benefits; and five recommendations for improving substitute teaching. Items for the Delphi II questionnaire were developed from the responses gathered on the first questionnaire. The population surveyed consisted of 15 administrators, 293 regular teachers, 93 substitute teachers, and 6,401 students. The participants were asked to respond on a five point Likert-type scale as to the degree of agreement or disagreement with the 27 items identified as problems; the 23 items identified as benefits; and the 25 items identified as recommendations for improvement. The data from the Delphi II questionnaire was analyzed and the means, standard deviations, and modes were determined. An analysis of variance was computed to determine differences among groups. This study is unique in that it is the first study to determine that there are perceived benefits associated with substitute teaching. It is also unique in that it surveys all four groups that are directly involved in the substitute process. The findings of this study validate the previous research in terms of the identified problems and the recommendations suggested. The fact that all groups agreed that there were numerous benefits associated with substitute teaching gives rise to the suggestion that maybe substitute teaching is more than just a babysitting service. It is recommended that, to improve substitute teaching, all four groups must realize that they are both responsible for the existing problems, and the potential solutions as well.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Instructional Systems, Leadership, and Workforce Development. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

The research field for this study was the working environment in preschools with the purpose of highlighting the substitute teacher’s experiences of how to enter an already established workgroup in pre-school. How do substitute teachers perceive the treatment when being met by ordinary staff? Do they feel that they are included or excluded from the workgroup? In order to answer these questions, qualitative interviews were conducted with six preschool substitute teachers. Hermeneutics is used as a methodological approach to increase the ability of creating a good understanding of the preschool substitute teacher´s experiences. The results showed that substitute teachers generally are well treated by ordinary staff, however there are exceptions. Two key factors for the substitute teachers to experience inclusion are that they have received good information and that the ordinary staff treated them well. The preschool substitute teachers had also experienced exclusion in the form of inadequate information, which in some cases happened due to stigmatization and domination techniques. The conclusion of this study is that the preschool substitute teachers have experienced varied responses as well as they generally received good treatment by the ordinary staff. Two important factors in experiencing inclusion are that they received the necessary information and got the opportunity to be included in conversations with the ordinary staff. Whereas factors for exclusion are inadequate information and that ordinary staff do not show any interest in them. / Forskningsfältet för denna studie var arbetsmiljö där syftet är att belysa vikariens upplevelser av hur det är att komma in i en redan etablerad arbetsgrupp inom förskoleverksamhet. Hur upplever vikarier att de bemöts av den ordinarie personalen? Upplever vikarier att de är inkluderade eller exkluderade i arbetsgruppen? För att besvara dessa frågor gjordes kvalitativa intervjuer med sex vikarier. För att skapa god förståelse för vikariers upplevelser används hermeneutiken som metodologisk riktning. Resultatet visade att vikarierna generellt blir bra bemötta av ordinarie personal men att det finns undantag. Två centrala faktorer till att vikarierna upplever inkludering beror på att de får bra information och där personalen är trevlig. Vikarier hade även upplevt exkludering i form av bristfällig information samt i vissa fall på grund av stigmatisering och härskartekniker. Slutsatsen är att vikarier har upplevt varierande bemötanden samt att de generellt blir bra bemötta. Två viktiga faktorer till att de upplever inkludering är att de får ta del av information och blir delaktiga i samtal, faktorer till exkludering är bristfällig information och att ordinarie personal inte visar något intresse för dem.

A rural, mid-sized district is experiencing great difficulty in the recruitment and retention of substitute teachers despite increased recruitment efforts. Such difficulty has resulted in numerous disruptions to the educational process. Despite their integral role in the educational process, research on substitute teachers remains absent from the literature. The purpose of this quantitative study was to assess the job satisfaction of substitute teachers with regard to differences between the two subgroups of certified and noncertified substitute teachers. This study was based on the two-factor theory. The research questions addressed the overall job satisfaction of substitute teachers, whether teacher job satisfaction (DV) differed by subgroup membership (IV), and the motivation and hygiene factors of substitute teaching. Survey data collection involved a cluster sampling of substitute teachers (N = 315, n = 51) working in four rural school districts experiencing shortages. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and thematic analysis. Demographic subgroups that reported above average job satisfaction were females, those with 1-3 years of experience, and those with the highest level of education being a bachelor's degree. The analysis uncovered a statistically significant difference between noncertified and certified substitute teachers only in the subcategory of satisfaction with pay, with certified substitute teachers being less satisfied. The most commonly reported motivation factors were the students, coworkers, and the nature of work; the most commonly reported hygiene factors were pay, student behavior, and communication. The study contributes to social change by identifying dissatisfying aspects of substitute teaching so that administrations may take action to alleviate the shortage, providing students with improved educational experiences with substitute teachers.

No description available.

The aim of this thesis is to design a software for elementary, middle and high schools, which will serve to create alternative timetables for staff substitutions. There are similarly oriented programs, but most schools don't use them. These programs contain many flaws, which are also discussed in this work. Creating substitution schedules is complicated, and a lot of conditions must be taken care of. Checking of all the conditions should be the main advantage of the application. Design and implementation of the application is based on requirements by a school, where substitution timetables are produced manually. Great emphasis is placed on user friendliness and ease of use.

No description available.

This applied study was designed to explore the opinions and perceptions of classroom teachers and school administrators toward substitute teachers in an urban religious school located in the mid-Atlantic United States. The researcher also investigated how these opinions and perceptions impacted the school’s culture and students’ learning abilities. The theoretical framework of the study was based on the social cognitive theory, which is based on the reciprocal causality that a strong sense of collective efficacy enhances teachers’ selfefficacy beliefs, whereas weak collective efficacy beliefs undermine teachers’ sense of efficacy and vice versa. Self-efficacy and collective efficacy shape the normative school environment in which teachers work and students can perform. Three research questions guided the present study: How do opinions or perceptions of substitute teachers from classroom teachers, school administrators, and district personnel affect the substitute teaching process and student learning continuity? What methods of collaboration and strategies can classroom teachers, school administrators, and district personnel use to enhance substitute teachers’ efficacy? How could the professional development of substitute teachers improve instruction? This study used a qualitative approach that involved surveys and interviews as instruments to collect data. The study sample consisted of available regular classroom teachers, substitute teachers, and administrators from the research site. Traditional methods were used to analyze and synthesize the collected data. The validity of the findings was ensured through member checking, peer review, and triangulation. Findings revealed that the leadership at the target institution has a philosophy and practice of integrated and comprehensive services both for substitute teachers and regular staff in the school system. Therefore, the general opinions and perceptions of the school administrators, classroom teachers, and substitute teachers about substitute teaching remain positive. That means substitute teachers are fully integrated into the target school system. Relationships between permanent staff members and substitutes also remain positive in that institution. The productive teaching and learning process takes place when substitute teachers are in charge of the classrooms and their contributions positively impact the students continuing learning. These outcomes may contribute to the improvement of the views and practices of education policy makers, school leaders, classroom teachers, curriculum department, support staff, students, parents, community members, and school partners about substitute teachers and integrate their value into the school system toward the learning continuity of students.