Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AntonioRC.pdf: 968864 bytes, checksum: bd9bd71d7644639e273e54d6c7cf20a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-02 / The inclusion of local suppliers in production chains has considerable impact on its performance, but most notably in its main actors. The results of this process may be of different kinds and can be analyzed from economic or institutional approaches. This study aimed to verify the existence of different performances of Petrobras due to the inclusion of local suppliers in the oil and gas production chain in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, from the viewpoints of transaction costs and the Institutional Theory. In order to this, were made the characterization of the PROMINP, the description of its actions and results, the mapping of its institutional context of reference, and identification of results obtained by Petrobras in terms of transaction costs and legitimacy. The theoretical framework is based on authors dealing with industrial concentration, as like Marshall, Krugman, Porter and Schmitz, from the sociological perspective of neoinstitucional theory, as like DiMaggio and Powell and Scott and Meyer, and transaction costs, as like Williamson. This is a qualitative research, with data collection done by consulting secondary fonts and semi-structured interviews with nineteen actors of three groups, namely: actors involved in actions of the program, representatives of enterprises and representative of Petrobras. To analyze the content was used the Suchman s model (1995) for categories associated with strategies of legitimation and fourteen variables associated with the three variables assets specificity, bounded rationality and opportunism (Williamson, 1995, 1989) in the case of transaction costs. The results indicate that PROMINP has achieved its objectives by encouraging the increased participation of local companies in the oil and gas production chain, reflecting in the economic development of the state. The Redepetro/RN, fostered and built upon the interaction of the participants, is presented as a solution of continuity to the participation of enterprises in the chain, after the closure of the actions of the program. PROMINP demands responses to coercive, legislative and regulatory pressures of the organizational field, whose institutional context of reference is wide. From the point of view of legitimacy, through strategies to gain cognitive legitimacy and maintaining pragmatic legitimacy, Petrobras can manipulate the environment, ensuring the compliance of the constituents to their technical and institutional demands. Enterprises, in turn, respond to the demands through compliance with technical demands, mainly through the certification of processes, and cultural changes. There aren t clear gains related to the transaction costs, however, gains in legitimacy can be seen as a cumulative capital that can serve as a competitive differential that generates economic gains. In terms of theoretical findings, it was found that, due to its explanatory power for actions that are difficult to explain only in economic terms, Institutional Theory may be used as theoretical support concurrent with other theories. TCE model has limitations in explaining the program actions. In the case, it s emphasized that Petrobras doesn t seek only economic efficiency, but has in its mission the commitment to social development. / A inser??o de fornecedores locais em cadeias produtivas tem impacto consider?vel no seu desempenho, mas mais notadamente no de seus principais atores. Os resultados desse processo podem ser de ordem diversa e podem ser analisados a partir de uma vertente mais economicista ou pelo uso de uma abordagem institucional. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a exist?ncia de desempenhos diferenciados da Petrobras devidos ? inser??o de fornecedores locais na cadeia produtiva do petr?leo e g?s no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, sob a ?tica da Economia dos Custos de Transa??o e da Teoria Institucional. Para tanto, foram realizadas a caracteriza??o do PROMINP, a descri??o das a??es e resultados do programa, o mapeamento do seu contexto institucional de refer?ncia e a identifica??o dos resultados obtidos pela Petrobras em termos de custos de transa??o e ? legitimidade. O referencial te?rico tomou por base autores que tratam da concentra??o industrial, como Marshall, Krugman, Porter e Schmitz, da perspectiva sociol?gica da teoria neo-institucional, como DiMaggio e Powell e Scott e Meyer e da Economia dos Custos de Transa??o, como Williamson. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com coleta de dados efetuada atrav?s de consulta a dados secund?rios e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com dezenove atores de tr?s grupos: envolvidos em a??es do programa, representantes de empresas e representante da Petrobras. Para an?lise do conte?do foi utilizado o modelo de Suchman (1995) para as categorias associadas ?s estrat?gias de legitima??o e catorze categorias associadas ?s vari?veis especificidade dos ativos, racionalidade limitada e oportunismo (Williamson, 1995, 1989) no caso dos custos de transa??o. Os resultados indicam que o PROMINP tem conseguido atingir seus objetivos favorecendo o aumento da participa??o das empresas locais na cadeia produtiva do petr?leo e g?s, refletindo no desenvolvimento econ?mico do estado. A Redepetro/RN, fomentada e criada a partir da intera??o dos participantes, apresenta-se como uma solu??o de continuidade ? participa??o das empresas da cadeia, ap?s o encerramento das a??es do programa. O PROMINP procura dar respostas a press?es coercitivas, normativas e regulat?rias do campo organizacional, cujo contexto institucional de refer?ncia ? amplo. Do ponto de vista da legitima??o, atrav?s de estrat?gias de ganho da legitimidade cognitiva e de manuten??o da legitimidade pragm?tica, a Petrobras consegue manipular o ambiente, garantindo a conformidade dos constituintes ?s suas demandas t?cnicas e institucionais. As empresas, por sua vez, respondem atrav?s da conformidade ?s demandas t?cnicas, principalmente atrav?s da certifica??o de processos, e de mudan?as culturais. N?o s?o claros os ganhos associados aos custos de transa??o, contudo, os ganhos com a legitimidade podem ser vistos como um capital acumulado que pode servir como um diferencial competitivo que gera ganhos econ?micos. Em termos de achados te?ricos, se conclui que, devido ao seu poder explicativo para a??es de dif?cil explica??o apenas em termos econ?micos, a Teoria Institucional pode ser utilizada concomitante a outras teorias. A ECT apresentou limita??es para explicar as a??es do programa. No caso estudado, ressalta-se que a Petrobras n?o busca apenas a efici?ncia econ?mica, mas tem na sua miss?o o compromisso com o desenvolvimento social.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever o processo de implantação do modelo de apenação de fornecedores na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), realizado em 2010, identificando as contribuições e limites do modelo implantado e a proposição de melhorias identificadas pelos diferentes stakeholders envolvidos no processo. O referencial aborda conceitos como burocracia, compras públicas, legislação de compras no Brasil, Lei 8.666/93 e sanções administrativas. A pesquisa se caracterizou como exploratória, utilizando a abordagem qualitativa. O método empregado foi o de estudo de caso, tendo como técnica de coleta de dados a triangulação entre utilização de entrevistas com roteiros semiestruturados, análise documental de registros de compras da universidade e diário de campo da implantação do processo de apenação. Constatou-se a necessidade de melhorar a divulgação do serviço ofertado, ampliar seu escopo de atuação e correspondente capacitação dos usuários no intuito de extrair todo o potencial que a estrutura implantada oferece. Por fim, conclui-se que, com base no fluxograma de processo de implantação, documentos utilizados e manual de operacionalização, este modelo poderá contribuir para o aprimoramento da gestão das sanções administrativas, servindo como um modelo de referência de eficiência para o serviço público. / This work aims to describe the penalty process model for providers in the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), in 2010, identifying contributions and limits and proposing improvements suggested by different stakeholders involved in the process. The theoretical framework addresses concepts such as bureaucracy, public procurement, purchases in Brazil, Law 8.666/93 and administrative sanctions. The research was characterized as exploratory, using the qualitative approach by case study. Data collection was proceed by triangulation with interviews with semistructured scripts, document analysis of the university's purchase records and field diary. The results show that there is space to improve dissemination broaden its scope of action and corresponding training of users in order to extract all the potential that the implanted structure offers. Finally, this new model can contribute to the improvement of the implemented service, serving with a model for the service public. / Dissertação (Mestrado)

The diploma thesis processes system of evaluation applicable in processing plant Maso-Uzeniny-Brož (Meat-Sausages-Brož). It observes selected chemical, microbiological, technological and sensory features of suplied meat from various suppliers and its structure. Furthermore, it judges its relation to price.

O trabalho a seguir apresenta o desenvolvimento e resultados da pesquisa acerca de modelos de estoques para múltiplos fornecedores, baseado na distribuição de peças de manutenção de empresas de tecnologia no Brasil. Em função de características de demandas erráticas, altos custos das peças e demanda por tempos de entrega reduzidos, costuma-se adotar uma estratégia de distribuir peças em diversos centros de estoques por todo território nacional. Entretanto, manter altos estoques em cada uma das localidades do sistema pode trazer custos elevados. Devido às características da demanda, muitas vezes ocorrem faltas de estoques de itens críticos, que são enviados aos locais de demanda por meio de transportes emergenciais de alto custo e prazos de entregas reduzidos. Entretanto, os modelos convencionais de estoques adotados, não consideram as possibilidades de envios emergenciais em suas formulações, fazendo desta solução uma situação não prevista na modelagem e potencialmente não ótima. A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo desenvolver e avaliar os modelos convencionais de estoques para a situação de múltiplos fornecedores considerando custos e prazos de entregas diferentes, como alternativa para os modelos adotados na distribuição de peças de manutenção. Sua aplicação a outros problemas, inclusive ambientes de múltiplos fornecedores independentemente de diferenças de transportes é imediata. A pesquisa abrange sete modelos, sendo três modelos reativos (reposição da base, reposição do máximo e lote fixo) em regimes de revisão periódica e contínua, e um modelo ativo considerando previsão de demanda. Foi utilizada busca local com simulação de eventos discretos para resolver os modelos propostos. / The present work presents research and development of multiple supplier inventory models, based on the service parts logistics in the technology industry. Because of the lumpy demand characteristics, high costs of parts and low delivery time expectations, a strategy to spread parts inventories all over the country was adopted. However, maintaining high inventory in every location of the system can lead to high costs. Because of the demand characteristics critical items can get unavailable in certain location, which are supplied by emergency shipment from supplying locations with high transportation costs and reduced delivery times. However, the conventional inventory models that are used do not consider the possibility of emergency shipments, leading to potential non optimal distribution of parts. The present research aims to develop and evaluate the inventory models considering multiple transportation modals with different lead times and costs, to serve as an alternative to the current inventory models used. The application to other problems, including different suppliers independent of transportation mode, is immediate. The research covers seven different models: three reactive, (s, S), (S-1, S) and (R, Q) in continuous and periodic review, and one demand prediction based model. Local search and discrete events simulation was used to resolve the models.

The Diploma thesis deals with the methods of analysis of corporate indicators and their use in the context of preventive Risk management for company Skoda Auto a.s.. Based on the performed analysis is optimized current process and are proposed new corporate indicators in the context of preventive Risk management.

Titel: Miljövänliga inköp i dagligvaruhandel - En jämförande studie av publika hållbarhetsredovisningar i dagligvaruhandel Kurs: Ämnesfördjupande arbete i logistik, 2FE25E, VT-17 Författare: Arbnora Dervishaj, Anton Lindén Persson, Erik Lingegård Handledare: Åsa Gustavsson Bakgrund: Hållbarhet beskrivs utifrån tre dimensioner; miljö, social och ekonomi. De utvecklade kraven på de miljömässiga dimensionerna sätter press på verksamheter att ta ett större miljöansvar. Med implementering av miljövänliga produkter har de stora aktörerna inom dagligvaruhandeln stor påverkan på marknaden och branschen har blivit ledande för miljövänlig produktion och konsumtion. Genom dess förmåga att kunna påverka hela produktkedjan betraktas inköpsfunktionen som en nyckelfaktor för att driva verksamheten mot en hållbar utveckling. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att identifiera och jämföra vad aktörer inom dagligvaruhandeln i Sverige förmedlar inom miljö vid inköpsfunktionen genom publika hållbarhetsredovisningar. Vidare är syftet att presentera ett förslag till ett ramverk för att öka jämförbarheten av hållbarhetsredovisningar. Metod: Denna studie utgår från en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med ett deduktivt angreppssätt. Vidare har studien tillämpat ett positivistiskt synsätt samt komparativ undersökningsdesign. Studiens teoretiska referensram är sammanställd från vetenskapliga studier, litteratur samt hemsidor. Datainsamling av empiriskt material har utförts genom publika hållbarhetsredovisningar från fyra aktörer inom dagligvaruhandeln; Axfood AB, Coop Sverige AB, ICA Sverige AB och Lidl Sverige KB. Studiens teoretiska referensram och empiriska material analyseras genom mönsterjämförelser mellan urvalet. Slutsats: Studien har identifierat skillnader och likheter i vad som förmedlas angående inköpsprocessen genom publika hållbarhetsrapporter. Genom de genomförda mönsterjämförelserna har ett ramverk operationaliserats utifrån den teoretiska referensramen. Detta ramverk kan användas som en förlängning till de befintliga ramverken för att öka jämförbarheten av prestationer i inköpsfunktionen. Nyckelord: Hållbarhetsredovisning, Dagligvaruhandel, Logistik, Inköp, Miljö, Ramverk, Sortiment, Transport, Leverantörer / Title: Green procurement in grocery trade - A comparative study of public sustainability reports in grocery industry Authors: Arbnora Dervishaj, Anton Lindén Persson, Erik Lingegård Tutor: Åsa Gustavsson Context: Sustainability is described based on three dimensions; environment, social and economics. The developed requirements on the environmental dimension put pressure on businesses to take environmental responsibilities. With implementations of environmentally friendly products, the major companies in the grocery trade have a great impact on the market and the industry has become a leader in environmentally friendly production and consumption. Through its ability to affect the entire product chain, the purchasing function is considered a key factor in driving the business towards sustainable development. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify and compare what companies in the grocery trade in Sweden present about environment in the purchasing function through their public sustainability reports. Furthermore, the purpose is to present a proposed framework to increase the comparability of sustainability reports. Method: This study applies a qualitative research with a deductive approach. Furthermore, the study has applied a positivistic view and comparative research design. The theoretical framework consists of scientific studies, literature and websites. The data collection of empirical materials has been conducted through public sustainability reports from four actors in the grocery trade; Axfood AB, Coop Sverige AB, ICA Sverige AB and Lidl Sverige KB. The theoretical framework and empirical material has been analyzed through pattern comparisons between the selected actors. Results: The authors have identified similarities and differences of the presented material in public sustainability reports regarding purchasing function. A framework has been developed to work as a module to prolong the existing framework and strengthen the comparability. Keywords: Sustainability reports, Grocery trade, Logistics, Purchase, Environment, Framework, Assortment, Transport, Suppliers

The Master 's thesis deals with the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the supply chain. The theoretical part of this work demonstrates the importance of socially responsible behavior by the firm itself and its suppliers. It explains principles, development and benefits of this concept, as well as relevant standards and other approaches of national and international organizations. The practical part is focused on Metrostav a.s. The results of the analysis of the existing system of work with suppliers in comparison with the requirements of the standard SA 8000 revealed several recommendations for improving procedures to selection, evaluation, monitoring and management of suppliers in the investigated company. At the conclusion of the work designed system is verified in practice.

Master Thesis deals with supplier rating with usage of fuzzy logic as an advanced decision-making method. There was made a model for selection of the optimal technologies supplier for a self-service vehicle wash. The main solution is realized with support of programs MS Excel and MATLAB.

This diploma thesis deals with the design of fuzzy models to support decision making for selecting the most suitable suppliers for PSL, a.s. Describes methods and procedures for modeling in MS Excel and MATLAB. The goal is to create a decision-making system that will evaluate suppliers to optimize the choice of the most suitable supplier based on the requirements of the selected company.

Diploma thesis deals with the current suppliers rating methodology at the company IMI Precision Engineering, focusing on the rating of specific suppliers and their groups. The aim of this thesis is to improve the existing suppliers output evaluation process and to suggest potential improvements of supplier-customer relationships in general.