Klimatfrågan har under de senaste åren bara blivit mer och mer aktuell, jorden värms upp och resurserna minskar. Det ställs numera krav på många områden att minska utsläpp och slöseri med resurser. Byggbranschen står för en hel del utsläpp, vilket de är medvetna om och nya krav och lagar för att reglera klimatpåverkan är på väg att införas. Byggprocessen som förut inte har betraktats särskilt mycket med avseende på klimatpåverkan börjar nu synas mer noggrant. Processen står i dagsläget för en stor del av byggnadens totala klimatpåverkan och materialen är i sin tur en stor del av byggprocessens utsläpp. Miljöbyggnad som är det mest använda miljöcertifieringssystemet för byggnader i Sverige har under senaste året kommit ut med en version; Miljöbyggnad 3.0. I denna version har en ny indikator införts där stommen och grundens klimatpåverkan skall redovisas. I detta examensarbete har en utvärdering av stommen och grundens klimatpåverkan genomförts med hjälp av denna nya indikator i Miljöbyggnad. Underlag har även hämtats in genom en litteraturstudie. Beräkningar har genomförts på ett exempelhus, en enplansvilla på 123 m2 med trästomme och platta på mark. För att genomföra beräkningarna har materialmängder tagits fram och sedan omvandlats så att alla material kunnat anges i kilo. För flera material blev det nödvändigt att ta fram densitet, detta gjorde att densiteten fick uppskattas för två material: isolering och betong. Tre stycken beräkningar genomfördes därför med uppskattade värden för densitet och därefter gjordes en fjärde beräkning med uppgifter från produktspecifika EPD:er. Resultaten visar att betongen står för den största procentuella klimatpåverkan för beräkningarna, och att det därmed är betongen som det blir viktigast att kunna redovisa uppgifter för. Det visar sig också att densiteten för betongen får en stor betydelse för slutresultatet då betongen har den absolut största volymen och massan. Av de uppskattningsvärdena som användes för densitet så var det medelvärdena som hamnade närmast de produktspecifika värdena. Studien visar att det är väl värt att belysa den klimatpåverkan som stom- och grundmaterialen står för. Skulle den klimatpåverkan som dessa material står för kunna minskas vore det ett bra steg framåt. Det pågår i dagsläget många projekt från olika industrier med att förbättra dessa material ur klimatsynpunkt och det är även på väg att införas en ny lag om klimatdeklaration av byggnader. Studien lyckas inte visa på att något material är bättre eller sämre än de andra, alla materialen har olika fördelar och nackdelar och alla behövs. Den slutsatsen som dras är i stället att mycket kan vinnas genom att bli tvungen att redovisa data, då detta kan sporra tillverkare att förbättra sina produkter ur klimatsynpunkt. / Climate change has become a more and more pressing issue in our time, the earth is heating up and the recourses are decreasing. There is now pressure on a lot of establishments to reduce their emissions and waste of recourses. The construction industry lets out a lot of environmentally harmful emissions, something they know, and new regulations and legislations that will force them to improve are about to be introduced. The construction process has in the past not been subject to much scrutiny when it comes to climate impact, but the process is now beginning to be more closely examined. Today the process of constructing a building stands for a big part of the building’s total climate impact and the materials is in its turn a big source of the construction processes emissions. Miljöbyggnad which is the most used environmental assessment system for buildings in Sweden has during the last year come out with a new version; Miljöbyggnad 3.0. In this version a new indicator has been added where the climate impact of the buildings framework and foundation is to be presented. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the environmental impact created by a buildings framework and foundation using the new indicator from Miljöbyggnad. Information for the study has also been collected in form of a literature study.  Calculations has been performed on an example house, a one-storied house at 123 m2 with a wooden framework and a slab-on-grade foundation. To be able to carry out the calculations the amounts for the relevant materials had to be extracted and then converted so that every material could be accounted for in kilograms. For some of the materials this required the use of density, which led to approximations of the density for two of the materials: the insulation and the concrete. Three calculations where then carried out with three different approximations for density, thereafter a fourth calculation was made with the use of data from product specific  EPD: s.  The results show that the concrete stands for the largest percentage of the calculations climate impact and that the concrete therefor is the most important material to be able to produce data for. It can also be showed that the density for the concrete have a large impact on the result since the concrete has the largest volume and mass. Of the approximated values that where used the average values came closest to the product specific values. The study shows that it is well worth to illuminate the climate impact that framework and foundation materials creates. If this impact could be reduced it would be a big step forward. There are currently several projects that works towards reducing the carbon emissions from these materials and a new climate declaration law concerning buildings is on its way. The study fails to show that any material is superior compared to the others, the conclusion is rather that there is much to gain from forcing presentation of data for material since this can impel manufacturers to improve their products climate impact.

Credit card fraud losses within the South African credit card market in 2006 exceeded R257M. A portion of these losses (R179M) are within the borders of South Africa and its common monetary area partners. This represents a startling 70% of credit card fraud on magnetic stripe cards used within the borders of South Africa. The South African credit card industry adopts floor limits at certain merchants and merchant categories. South Africa is one of a few countries in the world that still adopt floor limits on credit cards within its payment card industry. Credit card transactions on magnetic-stripe cards conducted below the merchant’s designated floor limit do not go to the issuing bank for authorization. The first time the issuing bank acknowledges these transactions is when they are settled on average two days later. The rationale for not adopting zero floor limits within the South African credit card market is the supposed inability of the existing telecommunications infrastructure to handle the volume and frequency of data submitted by merchants for authorization. The impact of reduced fraud and bad debt losses through adopting a zero floor limit in relation to merchant operational costs is the basis of the research. The research also aims to examine the Proposition that the existing telecommunications infrastructure is unable to support a zero floor limit proposal.

Prévenir la dépendance des personnes âgées parait une nécessite. Les nouvelles technologies pourraient améliorer la qualité du diagnostic médical, les stratégies d'intervention à domicile mais également l'utilisation des ressources humaines et matérielles. La mise en oeuvre de telles technologies nécessite une évaluation globale qui consiste à examiner les conséquences de l'usage d'une technologie sur les individus et sur la société. Il n'existe pas de recommandations pour définir les règles de cette évaluation, notamment en situation d'utilisation. Cette absence de réflexion multidimensionnelle précoce au cours du processus de développement technologie aboutit bien souvent à des outils non pertinents ou non applicables. L'objectif de ce travail de thèse est de mettre en place des grandes lignes de méthode d'évaluation multidimensionnelle et de travail coopératif dans le domaine de technologies appliquées a la santé et plus particulièrement a la prévention de la perte d'autonomie. / Taking into account the loss of independence of the elderly should be preferred to merely coping with it. Home-deployed technological device could provide early and accurate diagnosis, alerts, and interventions and improve patient's management efficiency. This could also preserve economical and human resources. Deployment of such technological devices for health supposes a rigorous and global evaluation. This consists of evaluating technology consequences on individuals but also on health system and society. There are no recommendations to define evaluation rules, no specific health norms, particularly in real life use. This lack of early multidimensional thinking during technology development often leads to irrelevant or unworkable tools. The main objective of this thesis is to build multidimensional working and evaluation methodology for health technologies and more precisely for technologies aiming to prevent loss of autonomy.

A programme of research on agricultural guanidine fungicides, represented by a complex mixture of several components (guazatine) and by a single compound (dedine[?] ), was carried out. The studies involved the synthesis of several guanidine derivatives and their characterization by spectroscopic methods such as carbon-13 NMR, MS. and FAB/MS. The synthetic routes have been described and different routes for the preparation of guazatine were also established.

No description available.

Submitted by ARTHUR BERNARDINO DOMENE SENA null (arthur.bernardino@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-22T16:27:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_completa_ARTHUR_2018.pdf: 1313376 bytes, checksum: 59fa83aacef36ca6af993b481db78cf5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Aparecida Puerta null (dripuerta@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-03-23T13:25:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 sena_abd_me_rcla.pdf: 1250950 bytes, checksum: f243b3a0b45ddd05231ac7c0ff0eed86 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-23T13:25:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 sena_abd_me_rcla.pdf: 1250950 bytes, checksum: f243b3a0b45ddd05231ac7c0ff0eed86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-19 / Atualmente a sociedade conta com diversos tipos de tecnologias (redes sociais; televisivas; filmográficas; smartphones, etc.) que fazem parte da realidade cotidiana da sociedade contemporânea. O acesso ou falta de acesso às mesmas pode gerar diversos tipos de influência na subjetividade humana (individual e/ou coletiva). Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente projeto foi investigar a influência da tecnologia sobre a subjetividade humana. Participaram do estudo 22 integrantes de diversos grupos de capoeira, de ambos os sexos, com no mínimo 4 anos de prática, contemplando todas a posições hierárquicas da capoeira. O tipo da pesquisa foi qualitativa, com entrevistas semi-estruturada (presencialmente) e netnográfica (via questionários online do Google Formulários) nos casos de impossibilidade de encontro para a coleta de dados. Os dados foram analisados a luz da pesquisa qualitativa e trabalhados segundo a análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardim (2011) e Richardson (2007). Os resultados mostraram que de fato as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação interferem na expressão da cultura e na subjetividade dos capoeiristas diariamente. Sendo assim, com as mudanças sociais e de postura dos capoeiristas entre si e também com os não praticantes da arte da capoeiragem, houve uma nova maneira de se entender essa luta. Logo, a capoeira sai da marginalidade e passa ser socialmente e artisticamente aceita, bem como retratada como algo belo, compreendida como um patrimônio cultural brasileiro e um bem imaterial da humanidade. Assim, mestres, contramestre, formados professores e alunos passam a valerem-se das redes sociais virtuais, das TIC como um todo para expressarem e incentivarem um estilo de vida, de modo a movimentar um mercado consumidor de filmes, música, história, ensino/aprendizagem. Enfim, de marginalizados e oprimidos, a subjetividade dos capoeiristas tornou-se empreendedora e internacional na busca de praticantes para as academias do Brasil e do mundo. / Nowadays the society has several types of technologies (social networks, television, movies, smartphones, etc.) that are part of daily reality of contemporary society. Access or lack of access to them can generate different types of influence on human subjectivity (individual and / or collective). Thus, the objective of this project was to investigate the influence of technology on human subjectivity. Twenty-two members of various capoeira groups of both sexes participated in the study, with at least 4 years of practice, including all capoeira hierarchical positions. The type of research was qualitative, with semi-structured interviews (in person) and netnographic (via online questionnaires from Google Forms) when there was no chance of a meeting for data collection. The data were analyzed through a content analysis proposed by Bardim (2011) and Richardson (2007). The results shows that in fact the Information and Communication Technologies interferes in the culture expression and in the subjectivity of the capoeiristas daily life. Despite of the social and posture changes of the capoeiristas among themselves and also not practitioners of the art of capoeira, there was another way of understanding this fight. Therefore, capoeira left marginality and became socially and artistically accepted, as well as represented beautifullly, understood as a Brazil’s cultural heritage and world heritage. Thus, masters, contramestres, formados professores and alunos take advantage of virtual social networks, ICT in general to express and encourage a lifestyle, in order to move a consumer market, music, history, teaching / learning. Finally, from the marginalized and oppressed, the subjectivity of the capoeiristas had become entrepreneurial and international through the demand of looking for practitioners to the brazilian academies and around the world.

No description available.

ABSTRACT This project deals with the search of the most proper offshore foundation to install in the Baltic Sea, in order to reduce costs and environmental impact. A pre-study was performed to define the Baltic Sea conditions and the required knowledge for the following steps. Afterwards, the specifications were set and clarified, and then the concept analysis phase was started. The analysis phase included the description of each one of the current foundations, those which are considered conventional foundations and those which are innovative ones. In order to evaluate these concept foundations, selection methods were used to assess the most relevant features of these foundations which should fulfil the requirements. The concepts ranking was studied and it led to the final results. Two different outcomes were obtained; such as, innovative concepts, which obtained the first position in this report; and conventional concepts, as a second finding. The continuous contact with different experienced professionals of this sector was essential during the whole project, in order to obtain advices, experienced knowledge and feedback.

Vi lever i en tid med klimatförändringar till följd av människans levnadssätt. Energiutvinning ger påverkan på klimatet genom växthusgaser, då främst genom koldioxid. Riksdagen har beslutat att Sverige ska minska energianvändningen i bostäder och lokaler med 20 % fram till år 2020 och med 50 % till år 2050 (Statens Energimyndighet, 2007). Det finns flera sätt att minska energianvändningen för bostäder, att minska transmissionsförlusterna genom klimatskalet är det mest vedertagna. Ett sätt att minska dessa transmissionsförluster är att tilläggsisolera fasaden. I denna studie har klimatpåverkan till följd av en tilläggsisolering satts i relation till de minskade emissionerna på grund av reducerat värmebehov. Studie är gjord på sju olika uppvärmningssätt och sex olika tjocklekar på isoleringen. För det beräknade värmebehoven gjordes en jämförelse mellan fyra olika städer i Sverige med olika klimat, en stad i varje klimatzon enligt Boverkets byggregler (BBR).  Resultatet visar variationer mellan klimatzonerna, tjocklek på tilläggsisoleringen och uppvärmningssätten. Studeras istället primär energianvändning i det olika fallen skiljer det sig en del från emissioner av växthusgaser. Slutsatsen är att sett över hela isoleringens livstid är det mest klimatsmarta valet att tilläggsisolera. Detta oavsett klimatzon, tjocklek på tilläggsisoleringen och uppvärmningssätt (av de i studien granskade).

The number of newly built houses has increased by a total of 44% between 2010-2015.As a result of the increased housing per year, the pressure increases to deliver theprojects in time and deliver according to the customer's wishes. Uppsala municipalityexpects that the number of preschool children will increase markedly between 2019-2020, this results in a need to optimize the construction projects of pre-schools so thatthe municipality can handle to build and can afford to meet the need. Constructionprojects today involve many different consultants in the same project, in order for theproject to progress, it is important for the communication between members to work.This report aims at identifying the problems that exist today when designing apreschool.The interviews have been conducted as a case study, where previous literature has laidthe foundation for the work. The work first involves a literature study where previouslyknown problems were raised after that an interview study was conducted.There are many problems that may occur, among other things, that consultants blameeach other, mistakes are repeated, and lack of communication between the projectmembers. A number of these problems can be counteracted by using experiencefeedback, message plan and an experienced construction project management / Sett utifrån en årlig basis, har antalet nybyggda bostäder har mellan 2010-2015 ökatmed hela 44%. I samband med den ökade bebyggelsen så ökar pressen på att fåprojekten klara i tid och leverera enligt kundens önskemål. Uppsala kommun förväntarsig att antalet förskolebarn kommer öka markant under 2019-2020, detta medför att detfinns ett behov av att effektivisera projekteringen av förskolorna så kommunen hinnermed att bygga och har råd att tillgodose behovet. Projektering idag innefattar mångaolika konsulter i samma projekt, för att projektet ska kunna fortskrida gäller det attbland annat kommunikationen mellan medlemmarna fungerar.Denna rapport syftar till att identifiera vilka problem som finns idag vid projektering aven förskola.Undersökningen har utförts som en fallstudie, där tidigare litteratur har legat till grundför arbetet. Arbetet innefattar först en litteraturstudie där tidigare kända problem tas uppsedan utfördes en intervjustudie.Det finns många problem som kan uppstå, bland annat att konsulter skyller ifrån sig,misstag upprepas och bristande kommunikation mellan medlemmarna. Ett antal avdessa problem kan motverkas genom att använda sig utav som bland annaterfarenhetsåterföring, beskedsplan och en erfaren projektledning