Orientador: Marcia Abreu / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T11:06:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Furquim_TaniaMagaliFerreira_M.pdf: 2332503 bytes, checksum: 4ee7a9c1a43506e791fda5a82343eeb3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Mestrado / Historia e Historiografia Literaria / Mestre em Teoria e História Literária

[pt] Santa Teresa de Lisieux, de modo, imanente e transcendente, vive e testemunha sua busca pela santidade em seu itinerário místico, que é denominado: Pequeno Caminho ou Pequena Via. Por meio de sua pequenez evangélica, ela traduz em sua vida e espiritualidade, a chamada Infância Espiritual. Tal como criança, o ser humano reconhecendo suas fraquezas e limitações, pode encontrar no amor misericordioso do Pai a satisfação e a felicidade que tanto almeja. Assim, a Pequena Via como caminho humano-espiritual consiste em uma disposição do coração que torna a pessoa humilde e pequena nos braços de Deus. Na Palavra de Deus, Teresa de Lisieux encontra a chave de sua vocação. Passa a entender que os dons mais elevados nada são sem o amor, e que a caridade é o caminho por excelência que conduz as pessoas a Deus. Assim, sua missão, no coração da Igreja, constitui em amar a Deus-Trindade e ser sinal deste amor na face da terra, sobretudo para aqueles que mais precisam. Seu testemunho é, fortemente, marcado pela confiança, pelo abandono e pelo amor misericordioso de Deus. A Igreja reconhece sua importância conferindo-lhe os títulos de Padroeira das Missões e doutora da Igreja. A espiritualidade por ela vivida e descrita pode trazer contribuições consideráveis para o nosso tempo, sobretudo quando a aproximamos da mística encarnada que se dá no hoje, no cotidiano e na realidade em que estamos inseridos. Seus escritos ajudam a reflexão sobre a fraternidade universal e o cuidado com os bens da natureza e inspiram outros místicos a percorrerem a sua Pequena Via, tornando-se, assim, testemunhas do Mistério do Deus Vivo presente no mundo e sinais de esperança em outras vidas. / [en] Saint Thérèse of Lisieux, in an immanent and transcendent way, lives and witnesses her search for holiness in her mystical itinerary, which is called: Little Way. Through her evangelical smallness, she translates into her life and spirituality, the so-called Spiritual Childhood. As a child, the human being recognizing his weaknesses and limitations, can find in the merciful love of the Father the satisfaction and happiness that he so desire. Therefore, the Small Way as a human-spiritual path consists of a disposition of the heart that makes the person humble and small in the arms of God. In the Word of God, Thérèse of Lisieux finds the key to her vocation. She comes to understand that the highest gifts are nothing without love, and that charity is the path by excellence that leads people to God. Thus, her mission, in the heart of the Church, is to love the God-Trinity and to be a sign of this love on the face of the earth, above all for those who need it most. Her testimony is strongly marked by trust, abandonment and the merciful love of God. The Church recognizes her importance by granting her the titles of Patroness of the Missions and Doctor of the Church. The spirituality lived and described by Thérèse of Lisieux can bring considerable contributions to our time, especially when we bring it closer to the embodied mystique that occurs today, in everyday life and in the reality in which we are inserted. Her writings help reflection on universal fraternity and care for nature s goods, and inspire other mystics to travel her Little Way, thus becoming witnesses of the Mystery of the Living God present in the world and signs of hope in other lives.

In this dissertation, I study the corpse as a material in Latin American art at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st. On the one hand, I show that this is a social analyzer of the terrible consequences of dictatorships, neoliberal policies, and criminal violence on the continent. On the other hand, applying the theory of new materialism and focusing on the presence of the dead body -human or non-human- in the work of artists such as Nicola Costantino, José Antonio Hernández Díez, Teresa Margolles, María Fernanda Cardoso, Arturo Duclos, or Nicolás Lamas, among others, I develop what I call corpse art. As I argue, the impact of this art consists in challenging the limits of the body and its traditional binomials (surface-depth, organic-inorganic, living-dead) using the material capacities of skin, flesh, and bones. The material deployment of the corpse, as well as the re-appropriation of scientific and commercial techniques, put artistic media, their specificities, and their autonomies in crisis. But in addition, this corpse art allows also us to reflect on the manipulation of bodies and power ties that produce objects and merchandise of desire in the Latin American context.

La tesi si apre con un capitolo introduttivo, che tiene presente l’arco cronologico compreso tra i secoli XII e XIX. L’ampiezza di questo periodo storico è giustificata dall’antichità delle istituzioni antecedenti al monastero cassinese di San Raimondo in Piacenza: una canonica agostiniana (secoli XII-XIV), dedicata a Santa Maria dei Dodici Apostoli, un ospedale di tipo medievale (secoli XII-XVI) e un monastero cistercense femminile (1414-1810). Si è cercato di mettere in luce che le vicende di queste istituzioni sono parte integrante della storia dell’attuale monastero. Dopo un accenno alle soppressioni napoleoniche e alle loro conseguenze per le religiose, la parte centrale della ricerca (comprendente gli altri tre capitoli) riguarda il monastero di San Raimondo in Piacenza nel suo periodo benedettino cassinese. L’erezione canonica è avvenuta nel 1835, in seguito all’iniziativa della fondatrice Teresa Maruffi (1780-1855), monaca piacentina. Nel lavoro si è cercato di mettere in luce l’influsso dell’istituzione anche in campo sociale ed educativo. Il monastero di San Raimondo, infatti, tenendo fermo il carattere contemplativo-claustrale della comunità che vi risiede, ha svolto e svolge tuttora un importante ruolo dal punto di vista scolastico-educativo ed apostolico in campo pastorale e sociale. / The thesis opens with an introductory chapter that considers the chronological period between XII and XIX centuries. The wideness of this historical period is justified by the antiquity of the institutions prior to the “cassinese” monastery of San Raimondo in Piacenza: an Augustinian presbytery (XII-XIV centuries), dedicated to Saint Mary of the Twelve Apostles, a medieval hospital (XII-XVI centuries) and a Cistercian convent (1414-1810). They have tried to point out that the events of these institutions are an integral part of the history of the present-day monastery. After a reference to the Napoleonic dissolution and to its consequences for the nuns, the central part of the research (including the other three chapters) concerns the monastery of San Raimondo in Piacenza during the Benedictine “cassinese” period. The monastery was founded in 1835 on the initiative of Teresa Maruffi (1780-1855), a nun from Piacenza. In the research they have tried to point out the influence of the institution in social and educational field. Actually, the monastery of San Raimondo, preserving the cloister-contemplative character of the community that resides there, has played and still plays an important role both from an educational point of view and an apostolic point of view in pastoral and social field.

Spanish composer María Teresa Prieto (1895-1982) belongs to a group of Spanish exiles who left their country for Mexico as a result of the Spanish Civil War. She arrived in Mexico in 1936 and developed her compositional career in there. Her first composition after her arrival in the new country was the song cycle Seis Melodías, a work that includes six songs with poetry by Ricardo de Alcázar, Juan Ramón Jiménez, Federico García Lorca, and María Teresa Prieto herself. This document analyzes each one of the songs, both musically and poetically, as well as the relationship between music and text. Seis Melodías' structural organization as a cycle is very particular, since Prieto organized the cycle in pairs—namely I and II, III and IV, and V and VI—each group with strong poetic and thematic unity. The songs belonging to this cycle, present the duality of being independent and dependent at the same time, given that each song stands by itself, but together they create a meta-narrative that progresses from hope to desolation, not as a political statement, but as a homage to, as well as a lament, for the Spanish land and freedom. The cyclical nature of this work is accomplished by Prieto through motivic unity, a clear harmonic plan, and poetic relationships between the songs.

Abstract not available

Oggetto d’indagine è il complesso delle celebrazioni e dei preparativi connessi con il passaggio di Maria Teresa d’Austria ed il solenne ingresso dell’arcivescovo Stampa nel 1739, casi esemplificativi di ritualità cittadina e cerimoniali pubblici della prima metà del secolo, rappresentazioni che coinvolsero la città. A confronto è stato analizzato anche il rito di possesso di Maria Teresa, compiuto in absentia nel 1741. Attraverso l’analisi comparativa delle fonti primarie, a stampa e manoscritte, nonché iconografiche, si sono ricostruiti il ruolo delle norme di etichetta, dei cerimoniali, l’intera drammaturgia degli eventi festivi. La ricerca ha altresì riportato alla luce gli apparati allestiti dal Collegio dei Giureconsulti, ignorati dagli studi. Ha evidenziato meccanismi retorici, azioni, aspetti della rappresentazione che permangono, alcuni dei quali appartengono alla sfera degli archetipi. Benché semplificati, i cerimoniali mostrano ancora marcato il culto per la regalità. L’ingresso trionfale si rivela momento significativo per ricondurre la città verso l’immaginario delle origini dell’identità cittadina e rifondare un tempo nuovo. Si evidenzia la necessità della festa, di momenti rituali di rappresentazione e di autorappresentazione; il ruolo drammaturgico e non esornativo di elementi di decoro, quali il baldacchino, l’arco, la carrozza, il ritratto, in una cultura che attribuiva ancora grande valenza alle immagini. / The object of this research is the whole of the celebrations and preparations connected with the passage of Maria Theresa of Austria and the solemn entry of Archbishop Stampa into Milan in 1739, both exemplifications of the 18th century first half civic rituality and public ceremonials, and representations which engaged the city. A confrontation has also been made with the possesso of Maria Theresa, enacted in absentia in 1741. By means of a comparative analysis of the primary sources – printed, hamdwritten and ichnographic as well – it has been possible to reconstruct the role of etiquette norms, ceremonials and of the entire dramaturgy of festival events. The research has also brought to light the apparati set up by the Collegio dei Giureconsulti, so far ignored by studies. It has highlighted rhetorical mechanisms, actions, representational aspects which remain, some of them pertaining to the archetype sphere. Even if simplified, the ceremonials still show a strong cult of regality. The triumphal entry proves to be a meaningful moment to bring the city back to the imaginary of the origins which constitutes its identity and to renovate a new era. The necessity of the feast, of ritualistic moments of representation and auto representation is pointed out; and also the dramaturgic and not ornamental role of decorative elements like the baldachin, the arch, the carriage, the portrait, in a culture which conferred great value to images.

La prima parte della ricerca considera il fenomeno del cosiddetto “femminismo cristiano”, sorto per iniziativa di alcune donne che agli inizi del Novecento fondarono a Milano la rivista “L’Azione muliebre”, seguita alcuni anni dopo da “Pensiero e azione”, quali luoghi di riflessione per ripensare alla donna e al suo nuovo ruolo nella società, in rapporto anche alle esperienze femminili, nazionali e internazionali. Gli studi prendono poi in considerazione il movimento femminile cattolico alla vigilia della prima guerra mondiale, con particolare attenzione verso quella parte che si schierò a favore dell’intervento dell’Italia in guerra. L’ultima parte del lavoro analizza il sorgere e il diffondersi in Italia della Gioventù femminile di Azione Cattolica di Armida Barelli, considerando il ruolo avuto dalla GF nei cambiamenti sociali e culturali del mondo femminile fino al secondo dopoguerra. / The first part of the research considers the phenomenon of so-called "femminismo cristiano", built on the initiative of some women in the early twentieth century in Milan who founded the magazine "L'Azione muliebre", followed some years later by "Pensiero e azione", which places of reflection to think back to the woman and her new role in society, in relation to the experiences of women, national and international. The studies take into consideration the Catholic women's movement on the eve of the First World War, with particular attention to the part in favor of the intervention into the war. The last part of the paper analyzes the growth and spread in Italy of the Gioventù femminile di Azione Cattolica of Armida Barelli, considering the role played by GF in the social and cultural changes of the female world until after World War II.

An examination of Teresa of Avila and John of the Cross, applying modern theories of gender and sexuality to the textual analysis of a selection of primary written works and biographical works, in order to determine the roles that they play, not only in the case of these two saints of the Catholic Church, but also within the mystical tradition as a whole.

Religieuse, fondatrice, mystique, docteure de l’Église catholique, et auteur de textes autobiographiques, doctrinaux, épistolaires et poétiques, Sainte Thérèse d’Avila (1515-1582) est l’une des personnalités majeures de la littérature mystique du Siècle d’Or espagnol. Profondément observatrice de la nature humaine, elle a écrit avec une simplicité profonde sur la maladie mélancolique, un trouble des humeurs qui a vraiment affecté la société de cette époque attirant l’intérêt des médecins, philosophes et religieux. Ce mémoire examine à la lumière d’une perspective interdisciplinaire le traitement de la mélancolie dans la littérature thérésienne dans le cadre des idées exposées dans les textes Vida (1562-65), Las moradas (1577) et Fundaciones (1573-1582), appuyées de cas concrets décrits dans les lettres de Thérèse et le livre Procesos de beatificación y canonización de Santa Teresa de Jesús. La première partie expose un survol sur certains traits de la mélancolie conçus dans la pensée occidentale antique et médiévale ainsi que ses influences reformulées par la société espagnole des XVIe et XVIIe siècles. Ensuite, il est proposé un dialogue entre Thérèse et le discours de plusieurs textes médicaux, suivi des rapports complémentaires entre ses déclarations et quelques œuvres ascétiques et mystiques d’autres auteurs catholiques de cette période. La deuxième partie fournit l’analyse des mots clés utilisés par l’écrivaine pour décrire la mélancolie ainsi que des considérations naturelles et préternaturelles autour de cette maladie. Finalement, ce travail présente la systématisation de ses causes, symptômes et souffrances, types de mélancoliques et formes de traitement. / Religious, founder, mystic, doctor of the Catholic Church, Teresa of Avila (1515-1582) was a relevant figure during the Spanish Golden Age. Her writings include autobiographical, doctrinal, epistolary and poetic texts. Being a deep observer of human nature, Teresa wrote with deep simplicity about melancholy which was a disease caused by a humor’s disorder that greatly affected society at that time. This fact drew the attention of physicians, philosophers and religious authors. This Master’s thesis examines the treatment of melancholy in Teresa’s literature from an interdisciplinary perspective in the framework of the ideas exposed in Vida (1562-65), Las moradas (1577) and Fundaciones (1573-1582), complemented by some cases described in her letters and in the book Procesos de beatificación y canonización de Santa Teresa de Jesús. The first part exposes a general overview of certain features of melancholy according to the ancient and medieval Western thought, as well as its influences, which were reformulated by the Spanish society during 16th and 17th centuries. Afterwards, this study proposes a dialogue between Teresa and some medical writing’s discourse, followed by complementary connections between her statements and some ascetic and mystical works of other catholic authors of this time. The second part provides an analysis of the keywords used by the writer for describing melancholy as well as some natural and preternatural considerations about this illness. Finally, this work presents a systematization of its causes, symptoms and sufferings, types of melancholic persons and healing treatment variations. / Religiosa, fundadora, mística, doctora de la Iglesia Católica y autora de textos autobiográficos, doctrinales, epistolares y poéticos, Santa Teresa de Jesús (1515-1582) fue una de las personalidades más sobresalientes del Siglo de Oro. Siendo una gran observadora de la naturaleza humana, escribió con simplicidad profunda sobre la enfermedad melancólica, un trastorno humoral que afectaba seriamente la sociedad de su tiempo y atrajo la atención de médicos, filósofos y religiosos. Esta memoria examina a través de una perspectiva interdisciplinaria el tratamiento de la melancolía en la literatura teresiana en el marco de las ideas expuestas en Vida (1562-65), Las moradas (1577) y Fundaciones (1573-1582), complementados por algunos casos concretos descritos en sus cartas y en el libro Procesos de beatificación y canonización de Santa Teresa de Jesús. La primera parte expone un panorama sobre ciertos rasgos de la melancolía según el pensamiento antiguo y medieval así como sus influencias reformuladas por la sociedad española de los siglos XVI y XVII. Posteriormente, este estudio propone un diálogo entre Teresa y el discurso de varios textos médicos, seguido de las relaciones de complementariedad entre sus afirmaciones y algunas obras ascéticas y místicas de otros autores católicos de ese periodo. La segunda parte plantea un análisis de palabras clave utilizadas por la escritora para describir la melancolía, así como algunas consideraciones naturales y preternaturales respecto a esta enfermedad. Finalmente, este trabajo presenta una sistematización acerca de las causas, síntomas y padecimientos, tipos de melancólicos y formas de tratamiento.