This qualitative study of eight First Nation participants and five First Nation Elders is to help understand how First Nation people view spirituality and how it is practiced when one has a terminal illness. Spirituality is often so abstract and practiced in various ways that it requires clarity and understanding from the people around them. Health care professionals could improve health care by understanding some of the spiritual aspects practiced when people are within their health care system. The First Nation people's perspectives aim to banish some of the mystery or unawareness that looms around spirituality in order to improve health services. Social workers have little or no information about First Nation beliefs and practices around spirituality when they have a terminal illness. The study is to help health care professionals and people with a terminal illness understand spiritual practices through specific beliefs and examples of how spirituality is practiced.

Šiame darbe nagrinėjami tam tikri standartai ir technologijos, kuriais remiantis galima pritaikyti interneto turinį skirtingomis savybėmis (palaikoma žymėjimo kalba, formatais, ekrano dydžiu, interneto ryšio sparta) vartotojų terminalams. Darbe išskirtos trys vartotojų terminalų klasės ir analizuojamos ne tik žiniatinklio standartų konsorciumo (W3C) rekomenduojamos priemonės, tačiau ir alternatyvios technologijos. Atsižvelgiant į esamas technologijas suprojektuoti eksperimentiniai modeliai, kurie padeda patikrinti kaip praktikoje veikia pasirinktieji sprendimai. Pirmasis iš jų pagrįstas XSLT transformacijomis. Svetainės duomenys saugomi XML formatu, kuris naudojamas vis plačiau ir yra tapęs duomenų saugojimo standartu. XSLT yra lankstus sprendimas XML formato duomenims konvertuoti į kitus formatus. Antrasis modelis skirtas pademonstruoti skirtingų kaskadinių stilių lentelių (CSS) panaudojimo galimybę, pritaikant svetainės turinį skirtingų techninių charakteristikų terminalams. Trečiasis modelis apjungia šiuos du modelius. Pagrindinis eksperimentinių modelių tikslas yra pademonstruoti pasirinktų technologijų veikimo principą. Suprojektuoti sprendimai palyginami tarpusavyje, pateikiami pasiūlymai interneto svetainių kūrėjams. / In this paper, some particular standards and technologies, by which website content can be adapted to users’ terminals having various characteristics, are analyzed. Three users’ terminal types are characterized in this paper. The paper includes not only the analysis of means, recommended by The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), but also the analysis of alternative means. Experimental models, which help to test how the chosen solutions work in practice, are designed according to present technologies. The first one is based on XSL Transformations. The website data is saved in XML format, which is widely used and considered as a standard of data storing. XSLT is a versatile solution for converting XML format data into other formats. The second model is designed to demonstrate application possibilities of various Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), by adapting website content to various technical characteristics terminals. The third model is a combination of these models. The main objective of experimental models is to demonstrate how the principle of chosen technologies works. The designed solutions are compared against each other and suggestions for website developers are presented.

Darbo tikslas - išanalizuoti bendruomenės slaugytojų vaidmenį teikiant paliatyviosios priežiūros paslaugas. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. ištirti bendruomenės slaugytojų požiūrį į jų dalyvavimą nepagydoma liga sunkiai sergančių ligonių priežiūroje; 2. ištirti bendruomenės slaugytojų vaidmenį nepagydoma liga sunkiai sergančio ligonio priežiūroje; 3. ištirti bendruomenės slaugytojų vaidmenį teikiant paramą šeimai nepagydoma liga sunkiai sergančio artimojo priežiūros metu ir netekties atvejais; 4. išsiaiškinti priežastis, turinčias įtaką paliatyviosios pagalbos paslaugų teikimui Lietuvoje. Tyrimo metodika: tyrimas atliktas vienkartinės anoniminės apklausos būdu Kauno miesto atsitiktinės atrankos būdu parinktose 2 pirminės sveikatos priežiūros įstaigose 2008 m. kovo mėnesį. Tyrimo objektas – bendruomenės slaugytojų vaidmuo teikiant paliatyviosios priežiūros paslaugas nepagydoma liga sunkiai sergantiesiems ir jų artimiesiems priežiūros metu ir netekties atveju. Tyrime dalyvavo 64 bendruomenės slaugytojos. Naudota anoniminė anketa, sudaryta pagal literatūros analizę. Tyrimo išvados: 1. Slaugytojų požiūris į dalyvavimo nepagydoma liga sunkiai sergančių ligonių priežiūroje svarbumą priklauso nuo jų pasitenkinimo atliekamu vaidmeniu (p<0,05), tuo tarpu slaugytojų vaidmens lūkesčių atitikimas atliekamo darbo svarbai įtakos neturi (p>0,05). 2. Ištyrus bendruomenės slaugytojų vaidmenį nepagydoma liga sunkiai sergančio ligonio priežiūroje, nustatyta, kad bendruomenės slaugytoja dažniausiai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of study: to traverse community nurses role in lending palliative care assistance. Objectives: 1. To explore attitude of community nurses to rendering palliative care assistance. 2. To explore community nurses role in terminal ill patients care 3. To explore community nurses role in rendering family support during terminal ill patients care and bereavement 4. To find out a factors that have hold on rendering palliative care assistance by community nurses. Methods: the research was performed in the way of onetime anonymous questionnaire at Kaunas primary health institutions, in the march, 2006. The object of research – the community nurses role in rendering palliative care assistance to terminal ill patients and their family providing care and in bereavement. There were 64 community nurses. An anonymous questionnaire was used, which was developed according to literature analysis. Conclusions: 1. The community nurses attitude to importance of participation in terminal ill patient’s care is under influence of satisfaction with job (p<0,05) and is not under influence of nurses expectation of role (p>0,05). 2. After exploring community nurses role in terminal ill patient care, it was set, that nurses render palliative care assistance in a team in large part as family doctors assistant, also as health educator, consultant, render of health care assistance, while leading role is not prevalent. 3. After exploring community nurses role in lending support to terminal ill... [to full text]

The primary purpose of this study was to examine nurses including student nurses perceptions of death education in southern Alberta as one way of improving futrue nursing curricula. Five nurse subgroups were included, as follows: college and university students, hospital nurses, community nurses, and nurse educators. A questionnaire was developed and piloted prior to distribution to 450 nurses in six locations, including two urban and four rural sites, in southern Alberta. Completed, useable returns numbered 373 (83%). Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and t-tests were used to analyze the data from scaled questionnaire items; content analysis was used to interpret written response items. Theoretical and conceptual frameworks were developed and utilized to guide the interpretation of findings. Generally, nurses perceived that existing death education remains inadequate as preparation for sound clinical nursing practice. Several statistically significant findings related to the provision of professional terminal care were reported amon the five nurse subgroups. Nurses identified concerns and deficits within existing nursing death educaiton and offered several specific suggestions for improvement. The improvement of death education for nurses will most likely result in the delivery of safe, effective, quality nursing care practice to the dying person and family. / xi, 160 leaves : ill., charts ; 28 cm.

<p>NatA binds inositol hexakisphosphate and other ligands, and exhibits conformational flexibility dependent on the ligand bound.</p> / Dissertation

It is generally accepted that spirituality can play an important role in the end stage of the life of a person. Spirituality can provide a source of comfort and guidance and in so doing be a coping strategy. Social workers should take into account this spiritual component of their work particularly with clients who use spirituality as a form of social support. This thesis provides a theoretical understanding of spiritual based practice. It identifies the principles and competencies central to this practice, including the need for worker self awareness. It then illustrates how certain social work students have applied these principles in their practice with dying clients. / The author's own identification as an individual from a religiously oriented Muslim country is used to illustrate the importance of understanding and working from the world view of clients. The author concludes that spirituality should not be ignored by social workers in their practice.

This thesis explores home-based care volunteer (HBCV) identity and how it is shaped by context in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The literature on home-based care in Africa is dominated by the "burden of care narrative" which is supported by the themes of "women as caregivers", "poverty" and "stigma". The literature presents government and stakeholder collaboration as the general solution to alleviating the burden of care on women caregivers. A wider scope for research within the themes is necessary to discover alternative solutions to the problem of the burden of care. This study ventured to expand the scope of current research by exploring the area of HIV and AIDS home-based care volunteer (HBCV) identity and participation in care and support. Fifteen HBCVs were interviewed about their work and personal life stories and interviewed reflexively using narrative interviewing. Findings indicate that the women's stories were dominated by narratives of gender, poverty and sociopolitical factors (social field narratives). Meta-narratives influencing the women's lives were stories of communal motherhood, aspirations to service-oriented work and religious beliefs and commitment. The women's personal life stories revealed that they saw themselves as distinctively caring. Connections between the different aspects of identity and context revealed that the women made sense of their community participation through their personal identities as strong and loving mothers and the association with the group identity of community mothering. Home-based-care volunteerism was explored as a form of agency in response to a lack of recognition, support and acknowledgement for AIDS caregivers and their patients. Researcher reflexivity through autoethnography and poetry contributed to achieving depth in the study and to the understanding that HBCVs strive for space recognition, acknowledgement and validation for their work. In a resource strained context a balance must be found between material compensation and respect and recognition which can be effective in sustaining community initiated volunteerism. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2013.

Att ett barn vårdas palliativt är en svår och komplex situation för barnets föräldrar. Föräldrarna kan känna sig hjälplösa samtidigt som de tar stor del i barnets vård. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa föräldrars upplevelser av att vårda sitt barn palliativt. Elva artiklar valdes ut som sedan analyserades. I resultatet framkommer fyra olika teman: att fungera som förälder och familj efter det tuffa beskedet, att bibehålla föräldrarollen i barnets vård, att skydda barnet och att vara förälder när barnets död närmar sig. Temana beskrev bland annat föräldrarnas svårighet i att hantera sin egen sorg, samtidigt som vardagslivet fortsatte efter beskedet om barnets obotliga sjukdom. Föräldrarna ville ha kvar föräldrarollen samtidigt som de blev barnets vårdgivare, vilket ledde till att föräldrarna tvingades ta svåra beslut som ibland stred mot barnets vilja. Föräldrarna ville göra allt för barnet, inklusive att stötta, skydda och informera sitt barn. Föräldrarna hade också förhoppningar i samband med barnets död, till exempel att barnet skulle vara smärtfritt och vara bekvämt, dock beskrev föräldrarna att dessa önskningar ofta inte gick att uppfylla. Fortsatt forskning behövs för att sjuksköterskor ska kunna sätta sig in i familjens situation och för att kunna ge den bästa möjliga vården.

Magistro darbe yra išanalizuoti ir susisteminti logistikos sampratos, funkcijų, procesų, investicinio projekto bei krovinių terminalo naudos, efektyvumo ir rizikos klausimai teoriniu aspektu. Atlikta savivaldybės įmonės Šiaulių oro uostas 2006–2012 metų finansinių rodiklių balanso dinamikos, struktūros bei santykinių rodiklių analizė. Aptarti įmonės veiklos rezultatai pagal veikos kryptis bei nustatyta perspektyviausia kryptis plėtrai. Pateiktas krovinių terminalo investicinio projekto vertinimas. / In this Master's degree work is analyzed and organized the concept of logistics, it's functions, processes, investment project, and the benefits of cargo terminal, efficiency and risk issues in theoretical terms. Moreover, it also covers municipal enterprise Siauliai airport financial indicators of the balance of dynamics, structure and ratio analysis for 2006–2012 years period. Also, it discusses about the companys activity rezults and guides to the most promising direction for development. This work also includes cargo terminal investment project evaluation.

Syfte – Syftet är att undersöka om en merge-in-transit-lösning kan användas vid distributionen av prover inom ett klädföretag för att säkerställa låga kostnader, korta ledtider och kontroll. Metod – En fallstudie har gjorts i samarbete med Didriksons för att uppnå studiens syfte. Datainsamlingsmetoder såsom intervjuer och dokumentstudier har legat till grund för insamlandet av empiri, som kontinuerligt har analyserats mot studiens teoretiska ramverk. Därigenom har studiens resultat utformats. Resultat - Resultatet visar på att en merge-in-transit (MIT)-lösning skulle vara att föredra inom klädbranschen på grund av de tidskrav som finns på snabba leveranser. Vidare framgår det att det är av största vikt att få kommunikationen mellan aktörerna i försörjningskedjan att integrera om en MIT-lösning ska användas. En MIT-lösning kan sänka de direkta transportkostnaderna med 69 procent, samtidigt som studien tyder på att kapitalbindningen och tullkostnaderna minskas. Ökade lagerhållningskostnader kommer att uppstå på grund av inhyrandet i en terminal med MIT-tjänsten som tillkommer. Vad gäller ledtiden kommer den totala ledtiden att reduceras med 15 procent, vilket innebär att leverantörerna fårlängre tid på sig att producera och kan minska antalet delleveranser. Genom att leverantörerna producerar mer till första delleveransen får försäljarna mer i sin första leverans, och därigenom genereras en bättre hel­hets­förståelse över kollektionen som i sin tur leder till bättre beställnings­underlag och mer intäkter. Gällande kontrollaspekten kan den likställas med den konroll som finns i dagsläget. Implikationer ­- Studiens resultat har tagits fram utan att ta hänsyn till prototypstadiet, vilket gör att den komplexitet som råder inom klädbranschen har utelämnats. Resultatet kan ändå vara till hjälp för företag som funderar på att förändra sin distributionskanal, men innan förändringen bör noggrannare kvantitativa kostnadsberäkningar utföras än de som gjorts i denna studie. Vidare rekommenderas det att utvärdera flertalet tredjeparts­logistiker om huruvida de kan vara aktuella partners vid en MIT-lösning, samt hur förutsättningarna för integrationen mellan aktörernas informationssystem ser ut. / Purpose - The purpose is to investigate if a merge-in-transit-solution can be used in the distribution of cloth samples within a cloth company to reduce costs, shorten lead time and maintain control. Method - A case study was conducted in cooperation with Didriksons to achieve the purpose of the study. Methods such as interviews and documentation studies were the basis for the collection of empirical data, which has continuously been analyzed against the study's theoretical framework. Thereby the study findings were generated. Findings - The findings show that a merge-in-transit (MIT) solution would be preferable in the clothing industry due to the time constraints available for fast delivery. Furthermore, it appears that it is vital to get the communication between actors in the supply chain to integrate if an MIT solution should be used. A MIT solution can reduce the direct transport costs by 69 percent, while the study shows that the capital and tariff costs are reduced. Increased inventory costs will be incurred due to hiring a terminal with the MIT service that will be added. As far as lead time, the total lead time is reduced by 15 percent, meaning that suppliers have more time to produce and can reduce the number of deliveries. If the suppliers produce more to the first delivery, it will generate that the salesman can get a better overview of the collection, which make the purchasing process easier and results in higher revenue. When it comes to the control, it can be equated with the control in the current situation. Implications - The study findings has been made regardless to the prototype stage, which means that the complexity of  the clothing industry has been omitted. The result can still be helpful for companies that are searching for a solution to transform their distribution channel. Thus more quantitative calculations need to be conducted before any implementations. Furthermore, it is recommended to evaluate the majority of third party logistics providers to whether they can be relevant partners for a MIT solution.