Den här uppsatsen belyser allas rätt till staden. Genom att fokusera på de sociala värdena anammas begreppet gränssnitt för att beskriva länken mellan människan och den byggda miljön. I arbetet lyfts detta relativt outforskade begrepp fram och utvecklas så att det kan inkludera olika kvaliteter och värden. Gränssnittet avser här zonen där byggnad möter gaturummet och där det privata övergår till publikt. Syftet med arbetet är att ta reda på vilken betydelse gränssnittet har i den byggda miljön och om begreppet kan vara behjälpligt i stadsutvecklingsprocesser. Arbetet fördjupar sig i den nya stadsdelen Västra Hamnen i Malmö. Frågorna som ställs är; Hur kan vår användning av begreppet gränssnitt vara till hjälp för att beskriva kopplingen mellan människan och den byggda miljön? och Vad har gränssnittet för roll i utvecklingen av en ny stadsdel som Västra Hamnen i Malmö? Metoderna för studien innefattade intervjuer med bland annat arkitekter och byggherrar, observationer av tre specifika byggnader i Västra Hamnen samt enkäter som skickades till de boende och arbetande för respektive byggnad. Resultaten av studien visade på hur gränssnittet användes, fungerade och resonerades kring. Slutsatsen som dras är att gränssnittszonen besitter stor potential. Begreppet kan hjälpa diskussionen kring den sociala stadsutvecklingen framåt, dock är det ännu inte vidare etablerat i nuläget. Ytterligare forskning bör därför bedrivas för att vidare sprida begreppet och dess vikt. / This essay highlights everyone’s right to the city. By focusing on the social values, the concept of interface as a link between man and the built environment is adapted. Interface, as a relatively unexplored concept, is in this thesis established and explored with its values and qualities. Here it refers to the zone where a building meets the streetspace and where private seeps into public. The aim of the study is to find out the significance of the interface and whether the concept can be helpful in urban development processes. It also takes a stance in a newly developed district called Western Harbour in Malmo, Sweden. The questions asked are; How can our use of the concept interface be helpful in describing the link between man and the built environment? and What role does the interface play in the development of a new district as the Western Harbour in Malmo? The approach of the study was through interviews with, amongst others, architects and developers; observations of three specific buildings in Western Harbour and surveys sent to the residents and employees of each building. Results showed how the interface was used, operated and further reasoned about. The conclusion made is that the interface concept has great potential. It can help the discussion of social urban development evolve, however, it is not yet established. More extensive research should therefore be conducted to further disseminate the concept and its importance.

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This body of work explores the World’s Columbian Exposition 1893 and looks at how African American challenge the built environment of the Fair. The African American community contested the white constructed spaces by reimaging and claiming them for the self. At the Fair, black subordination was achieved and was maintained by the unabashed use of white power structures. After Reconstruction Black people began to turn to racial solidarity as a means of survival. Prior to Emancipation Blacks had been segregated and denied equal participation in the larger society regardless of their individual achievements. The result has been that race pride had, to a large degree, been conspicuously absent. The Fair pushed African Americans towards greater solidarity through inadvertently promoting pride in their racial heritage. Through examining the Fair, this work illuminates that the World’s Columbian Exposition 1893 served as a nexus for pivotal African American movements. I argue that the fair served as a turning point for African Americans and sparked radical movements that focused on Black independence at home and abroad. The Fair became a pivotal site of protest that paved the way for the Black Nationalist Movement, Pan-African Movement, the creation of the National Association of Colored Women, and the New Negro Movement.

Zambia has ratified vital international conventions that promote the rights of PWDs and domesticated some of them in various legislatures and policies. However, access to the built environment for PWDs does not seem to be improving. There is, therefore, a need to understand the challenges that the Zambian legal framework that regulates the design of the built environment faces in ensuring adequate access to the built environment for PWDs. This study explored Zambia's legal framework that regulates the designing of the built environment for sufficiency in ensuring adequate access to the built environment for PWD. The study is a qualitative descriptive case study of the said legal framework. The study reviewed Zambia’s architecture, equality and disability laws from 2012 to the present from a socio-legal perspective. They were then analysed by transformative equality principles for accessibility. It has been established that the legal framework in Zambia is not sufficient to ensure adequate access to the built environment for PWDs.

The social and structural determinants play a significant role in community health, and differences in the experience of these factors facilitate some of the health disparities that are seen in the US along racial and socioeconomic lines. In this manuscript, I propose a conceptual model of the social determinants of health hierarchy and discuss the positioning of the structural determinants of the built environment within that hierarchy. I discuss the research connecting some of the structural determinants to health outcomes. Finally, I review several opportunities for local government to alter the built environment in ways that can promote community health and mitigate health inequity. / Urban Bioethics

Character is a term used in urban development and research to describe aspects of the built environment ranging from aesthetics and design to place identity and sense of place. This wide range of interpretations has led to a vague understanding that differs depending on the perception of users and actors in urban development. In the face of increasing housing demands and incentives to expand, Swedish urban environment has begun expansion that mirrors that of the Million Programme. To avoid a detached environment, character is investigated and proposed to be used as a tool for municipalities in the development. The focus is on answering what ‘character’ is perceived as by municipal officials involved in the urban development process, how character should be used and lastly how character should be approached when developing existing areas. Based on interviews for a practical understanding, literature for a theoretical understanding and contemporary studies for a contextual understanding, character is found to be perceived as the connection between not only existing buildings but also new ones as well as the users themselves. With emphasis on cohesion, originality, traditionality, diversity among other attributes, the character of an area should act as a binding agent for urban development moving forward. Finally, the approach to character is recommended to be cautious based on its vague nature but be treated as exploratory where a base set of two foundational attributes are to invite discussion to bridge the perceptions between actors.