Neste trabalho estudaremos a existência de soluções fracas para uma classe de equações diferenciais funcionais impulsivas com retardamento dependendo do estado modeladas na forma \'x POT. PRIME\'(t) = Ax(t) + f(t;\' x IND. p(t, xt)), t \'PERTENCE A\'I = [0,a], \'x IND. 0\' =\\varphi \'PERTENCE A\' B, \'DELTA\' \'x(t IND. i) = \'I IND.i\'i(\'x IND.i\'); i = 1, ...n, onde A é o gerador infinitesimal de um \'C IND. 0\'-semigrupo compacto de operadores lineares limitados (\'T\'(t))t \'. OU =\'0 definido em um espaço de Banach X; as fun»ções \'x IND. s\' : (- \'INFIINITO\', 0] \'SETA\' X, \'x IND. s\' ( teta\') = x(s + \'teta\'), estão em um espaço de fase B descrito axiomaticamente; f : I X B \'seta\' X, \'rô\' : I X B \'SETA\' ( - \'INFINITO\', a], \'I IND. i\' : B \'SETA\'X, i=1, ...n , são funções apropriadas; 0 < \'t IND.1\' <... < \'t IND. n\' < a são n¶umeros pré-fixados e o símbolo \'DELTA\'\'ksi\'(t) = \'Ksi\'(\'t POT. + ) - \'ksi\'( \'t POT. -). / In this work we stablish the existence of mild solutions for an impulsive abstract functional differential equation with state-dependent delay described in the form \'x POT. PRIME\'(t) = Ax(t) + f(t;\' x IND. p(t, xt)), t \'BELONGS\'I = [0,a], \'x IND. 0\' =\\varphi \'IS CONTAINED\' B, \'DELTA\' \'x(t IND. i) = \'I IND.i\'i(\'x IND.i\'); i = 1, ...n, where A is the infinitesimal generator of a compact \'C IND. 0\'-semigroup of bounded linear operators (\'T\'(t))t \'. OU =\'0 defined on a Banach space X; the functions \'x IND. s\': ( - INFINito, 0] \'SETA X, \'x IND. s\'(\'teta\') , belongs to some space B described axiomatically; f : I X B \'seta\' X, \'rô\' : I X B \'SETA\' ( - \'INFINITO\', a], \'I IND. i\' : B \'SETA\'X, i=1, ...n , são funções apropriadas; 0 < \'t IND.1\' <... < \'t IND. n\' < a são n¶umeros pré-fixados e o símbolo \'DELTA\'\'ksi\'(t) = \'Ksi\'(\'t POT. + ) - \'ksi\'( \'t POT. -).

Este trabalho está voltado para o estudo de uma classe de funções contínuas e limitadas f : [0; \'INFINITO\') \'SETA\' X para as quais existe \'omega\' \'> OU =\' 0 tal que \'lim IND. t\' \'SETA\' \'INFINITO\' (f(t + \'omega\') - f(t)) = 0. No decorrer do trabalho, chamaremos estas funções de S-assintoticamente \'omega\'-periódicas. Nós discutiremos propriedades qualitativas para estas funções e algumas relações entre este tipo de funções e a classe de funções assintoticamente \'omega\'-periódicas. Também estudaremos a existência de soluções fracas S-assintoticamente \'omega\'-periódicas para uma classe de primeira ordem de um problema de Cauchy abstrato bem como para algumas classes de equações diferenciais funcionais parciais neutras com retardo não limitado. Algumas aplicações para equações diferenciais parciais serão consideradas / This work is devoted to the study of the class of continuous and bounded functions f : [0 \'INFINIT\') \'ARROW\' X for which there exists \'omega\' > 0 such that \'limt IND.t \'ARROW\' \'INFINIT\'(f(t + \'omega\'!) - f(t)) = 0 (in the sequel called S-asymptotically !-periodic functions). We discuss qualitative properties and establish some relationships between this type of functions and the class of asymptotically \'omega\'-periodic functions. We also study the existence of S-asymptotically \'omega\'-periodic mild solutions for a first-order abstract Cauchy problem in Banach spaces and for some classes of abstract neutral functional differential equations with infinite delay. Furthermore, applications to partial differential equations are given

Cette thèse porte sur l’étude des systèmes de lois de conservation couplés par une interface mobile. Un modèle dynamique d’un procédé d’extrusion obtenu à partir des bilans de masse, de taux d’humidité et d’énergie est proposé. Ce modèle exprime le transport de la matière et de la chaleur dans une extrudeuse par des systèmes d’équations hyperboliques définis sur deux domaines complémentaires variant dans le temps. L’évolution des domaines est dictée par une Equation aux Dérivées Ordinaires (EDO) issue du bilan de masse total dans une extrudeuse. Par le principe des applications contractantes l’existence et l’unicité de la solution pour cette classe de système sont prouvées. Le problème de stabilisation de l’interface mobile est aussi abordé en utilisation le formalisme des systèmes à retard. La méthode des caractéristiques permet de représenter le système composé des équations issues du bilan de masse par un système à retard sur l’entrée. Au moyen d’un contrôleur prédictif la position de l’interface est stabilisée autour d’un point équilibre. La dernière partie de ce travail est dédiée à l’étude des systèmes Hamiltoniens à ports frontière couplés par une interface mobile. Ces systèmes augmentés de variables couleur qui sont des fonctions caractéristiques du domaine peuvent s’exprimer comme des systèmes Hamiltoniens à ports frontière / This thesis is devoted to the analysis of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) which are coupled through a moving interface. The motion of the interface obeys to an Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) which arises from a conservation law. The first part of this thesis concerns the modelling of an extrusion process based on mass, moisture content and energy balances. These balances laws express heat and homogeneous material transport in an extruder by hyperbolic PDEs which are defined in complementary time-varying domains. The evolution of the coupled domains is given by an ODE which is derived from the conservation of mass in an extruder. In the second part of the manuscript, a mathematical analysis has been performed in order to prove the existence and the uniqueness of solution for such class of systems by mean of contraction mapping principle. The third part of the thesis concerns the transformation of an extrusion process mass balance equations into a particular input delay system framework using characteristics method. Then, the stabilization of the moving interface by a predictor-based controller has been proposed. Finally, an extension of the analysis of moving interface problems to a particular class of systems of conservations laws has been developed. Port-Hamiltonian formulation of systems of two conservation laws defined on two complementary time-varying intervals has been studied. It has been shown that the coupled system is a port-Hamiltonian system augmented with two variables being the characteristic functions of the two spatial domains

In this work we study, in details, the Cauchy problem of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, with initial datas in periodic Sobolev spaces. Specifically, we prove that this problem is locally well posed for datas in Hsper, with s &#8805; 0. Particularly, for initial datas in L2 the problem is globally well posed, due to the conservation law of the equation in this space. Moreover, we prove the this result is the best one, seeing we expose examples that show that the equation flow is not locally uniformly continuous for initial datas with regularity less than L2. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Neste trabalho, fazemos um estudo detalhado do problema de Cauchy para a equação não-linear cúbica de Schrödinger, com dados iniciais em espaços de Sobolev no toro. Especificamente, provaremos que este modelo é localmente bem posto para dados em Hsper, com s &#8805; 0. Em particular, para dados iniciais em L2 o modelo é globalmente bem posto, devido à lei de conservação da equação neste espaço. Além disso, provaremos que os resultados obtidos são os melhores possíveis, visto que exibiremos exemplos que mostram que o fluxo da equação não é localmente uniformemente contínuo para dados iniciais com regularidade menor que L2.

Submitted by Vasti Diniz (vastijpa@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-18T11:49:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2571485 bytes, checksum: 176b4eb5f639864aaef387d41330b286 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-18T11:49:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2571485 bytes, checksum: 176b4eb5f639864aaef387d41330b286 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / After the formulation of general relativity differential geometry has become an increasing important tool in theoretical physics. This is even more clear in the investigation of the so-called embedding space-time theories. In this work we focus our attention in the Cauchy problem. These have played a crucial role in our understanding of the mathematical struc­ture of general relativity and embedding theories. We investigate the similarities and diffe­rences between the two approaches. We also study an extension of the Campbell-Magaard theorem and give two examples of both formalisms. / A geometria diferencial passou a ser uma ferramenta fundamental na fisica com o surgi­mento da relatividade geral. Em particular, destacamos sua importância na investigado das chamadas teorias de imersdo do espaco-tempo. Neste trabalho analisamos dois grandes for­malismos fundamentados de forma direta ou indireta na teoria de imersões: o teorema de Campbell-Magaard e o problema de Cauchy para a relatividade geral. Tendo como princi­pal objetivo tracar um paralelo entre esses dois formalismos, estudamos, nesta dissertacdo, o problema de valor inicial (pvi) para a relatividade geral mostrando que alem de admitir a formulae-do de pvi, a mesma é bem posta. Ademais, aplicamos este formalismo para o caso de uma metrica do tipo Friedmann-Robertson-Walker em (3+1). Estudamos tambem o teorema de Campbell-Magaard e sua extensdo para o espaco-tempo de Einstein e aplicamos este teorema para uma metrica do tipo de Sitter em (2+1).

Cette thèse est consacrée à la théorie spectrale de quelques opérateurs de transport et le comportement asymptotique (pour les temps grands) des solutions des problèmes de Cauchy gouvernés par ces derniers. Dans la première partie, on s'est intéressé aux propriétés spectrales des opérateurs d'advection et de transport des neutrons dans le cadre multidimensionnel pour des conditions aux limites générales. Après avoir établi un résultat de compacité de type lemmes de moyenne indispensable dans notre analyse, on a donné entre autre une description fine du spectre asymptotique de l'opérateur de transport. Ce travail a été complété par l'étude des propriétés de régularité et le comportement asymptotique de la solution du problème de Cauchy gouverné par l'opérateur de transport étudié précédemment pour des conditions aux limites de type bounce-back plus un opérateur compact dans l'espace L^1. Ensuite, on a étudié le caractère bien posé et le comportement asymptotique de la solution d'une équation de transport des neutrons avec des sections efficaces non bornées. Contrairement à la première partie, l'analyse de ce problème nécessite l'usage d'une théorie de perturbation de Miyadera-Voigt pour les opérateurs non bornés. La dernière partie de ce travail porte sur un problème linéaire issu d'un modèle introduit en 1974 par Lebowitz et Rubinow décrivant la prolifération d'une population de cellules structuré par l'âge et la longueur du cycle. Notre analyse a porté sur le cas où la longueur du cycle maximale est infinie. / This thesis is devoted to the spectral theory and the time asymptotic behavior of the solution to Cauchy problems governed by various transport operators. In the first part, we discussed the spectral properties of streaming and transport operators in finite bodies with general boundary conditions. After establishing a compactness result essential to our analysis, we gave a fine description of the asymptotic spectrum of the transport operator. We also derive the regularity and the asymptotic behavior of the solution to Cauchy problem governed by the transport operator supplemented by bounce-back boundary conditions plus a compact operator in the space L^1. In the second part, we discussed the well-posedness and the asymptotic behavior of the solution to Cauchy problem governed by a singular transport operator. Unlike the first part, the analysis of this problem requires the use of Miyadera-Voigt perturbation theory for unbounded operators. In the last part of this work, a Cauchy problem governed by a linear operator introduced by Lebowitz and Rubinow describing a proliferating cell population structured by age and the cycle length was considered. Here our analysis was devoted to the case where the maximum cycle length is infinite.

Este trabalho está voltado para o estudo de uma classe de funções contínuas e limitadas f : [0; \'INFINITO\') \'SETA\' X para as quais existe \'omega\' \'> OU =\' 0 tal que \'lim IND. t\' \'SETA\' \'INFINITO\' (f(t + \'omega\') - f(t)) = 0. No decorrer do trabalho, chamaremos estas funções de S-assintoticamente \'omega\'-periódicas. Nós discutiremos propriedades qualitativas para estas funções e algumas relações entre este tipo de funções e a classe de funções assintoticamente \'omega\'-periódicas. Também estudaremos a existência de soluções fracas S-assintoticamente \'omega\'-periódicas para uma classe de primeira ordem de um problema de Cauchy abstrato bem como para algumas classes de equações diferenciais funcionais parciais neutras com retardo não limitado. Algumas aplicações para equações diferenciais parciais serão consideradas / This work is devoted to the study of the class of continuous and bounded functions f : [0 \'INFINIT\') \'ARROW\' X for which there exists \'omega\' > 0 such that \'limt IND.t \'ARROW\' \'INFINIT\'(f(t + \'omega\'!) - f(t)) = 0 (in the sequel called S-asymptotically !-periodic functions). We discuss qualitative properties and establish some relationships between this type of functions and the class of asymptotically \'omega\'-periodic functions. We also study the existence of S-asymptotically \'omega\'-periodic mild solutions for a first-order abstract Cauchy problem in Banach spaces and for some classes of abstract neutral functional differential equations with infinite delay. Furthermore, applications to partial differential equations are given

Neste trabalho estudaremos a existência de soluções fracas para uma classe de equações diferenciais funcionais impulsivas com retardamento dependendo do estado modeladas na forma \'x POT. PRIME\'(t) = Ax(t) + f(t;\' x IND. p(t, xt)), t \'PERTENCE A\'I = [0,a], \'x IND. 0\' =\\varphi \'PERTENCE A\' B, \'DELTA\' \'x(t IND. i) = \'I IND.i\'i(\'x IND.i\'); i = 1, ...n, onde A é o gerador infinitesimal de um \'C IND. 0\'-semigrupo compacto de operadores lineares limitados (\'T\'(t))t \'. OU =\'0 definido em um espaço de Banach X; as fun»ções \'x IND. s\' : (- \'INFIINITO\', 0] \'SETA\' X, \'x IND. s\' ( teta\') = x(s + \'teta\'), estão em um espaço de fase B descrito axiomaticamente; f : I X B \'seta\' X, \'rô\' : I X B \'SETA\' ( - \'INFINITO\', a], \'I IND. i\' : B \'SETA\'X, i=1, ...n , são funções apropriadas; 0 < \'t IND.1\' <... < \'t IND. n\' < a são n¶umeros pré-fixados e o símbolo \'DELTA\'\'ksi\'(t) = \'Ksi\'(\'t POT. + ) - \'ksi\'( \'t POT. -). / In this work we stablish the existence of mild solutions for an impulsive abstract functional differential equation with state-dependent delay described in the form \'x POT. PRIME\'(t) = Ax(t) + f(t;\' x IND. p(t, xt)), t \'BELONGS\'I = [0,a], \'x IND. 0\' =\\varphi \'IS CONTAINED\' B, \'DELTA\' \'x(t IND. i) = \'I IND.i\'i(\'x IND.i\'); i = 1, ...n, where A is the infinitesimal generator of a compact \'C IND. 0\'-semigroup of bounded linear operators (\'T\'(t))t \'. OU =\'0 defined on a Banach space X; the functions \'x IND. s\': ( - INFINito, 0] \'SETA X, \'x IND. s\'(\'teta\') , belongs to some space B described axiomatically; f : I X B \'seta\' X, \'rô\' : I X B \'SETA\' ( - \'INFINITO\', a], \'I IND. i\' : B \'SETA\'X, i=1, ...n , são funções apropriadas; 0 < \'t IND.1\' <... < \'t IND. n\' < a são n¶umeros pré-fixados e o símbolo \'DELTA\'\'ksi\'(t) = \'Ksi\'(\'t POT. + ) - \'ksi\'( \'t POT. -).

Ce travail concerne l'étude mathématique et l'analyse numérique d'une méthode de résolution du problème de Cauchy basée sur la minimisation d'une fonctionnelle énergétique. Depuis les travaux de J. Hadamard, le problème de Cauchy est connu pour être mal posé et les méthodes de résolution de ce type de problèmes présentent une importante instabilité numérique dans le cas de données bruitées. Dans le premier chapitre, le problème de Cauchy est introduit et des résultats théoriques classiques sont donnés. La méthode énergétique et le problème de minimisation associé sont présentés, la théorie du contrôle optimal est utilisée pour l'étude mathématique de ce problème de minimisation. Le deuxième chapitre est consacré à l'application de la méthode énergétique pour l'équation de la chaleur stationnaire. Une fois le cadre variationnel défini, la discrétisation éléments finis de la méthode et des estimations d'erreur a priori tenant compte des données bruitées sont données. Lorsque les données sont bruitées, l'erreur atteint une valeurs minimale avant d'exploser numériquement tandis que la fonctionnelle atteint assymptotiquement un seuil dépendant du taux de bruit. Une estimation du seuil atteint par la fonctionnelle en fonction du bruit est donnée et aboutit à la proposition d'un critère d'arrêt pour le processus de minimisation permettant de contrôler l'explosion numérique due au bruit. Enfin, les résultats théoriques sont validés numériquement, la robustesse et l'efficacité du critère d'arrêt proposé sont illustrées par différents tests numériques. La méthode énergétique est ensuite appliquée à l'équation de la chaleur en régime transitoire et est analysée en suivant la méthodologie introduite dans le cas stationnaire. / The purpose of this work is the mathematical study and the numerical convergence analysis of a method based on minimization of an energy-like functional for solving Cauchy problem. Since J. Hadamard's works, the Cauchy problem is known to be ill-posed and many resolution methods for this kind of problem present an important numerical instability in the case of noisy data. In the first chapter, we give the Cauchy problem and report classical theoretical results. The energy-like method and the related minimization problem are introduced, the optimal control theory is used for the mathematical study of this minimization problem. The second chapter is devoted to the application of the method for the steady state heat transfer equation. Afterwards the variational framework has been defined, the discretization of the method and a priori error estimates taking into account noisy data are given. When noise is introduced on the Cauchy data, we observe during the optimization process that the error reaches a minimum before increasing very fast and leading to a numerical explosion. At the same time, the energy-like functional attains asymptotically a minimal threshold depending on the noise. An estimation is given for the threshold reached by the functional and leads to a stopping criterion wich allows to control the numerical explosion due to noise. Finally, numerical validation of theoretical results is performed, robustness and efficiency of the proposed stopping criterion are illustrated by different numerical experiments. Then, the energy-like method is applied to the time dependent heat transfer equation and analysed following the methodology introduced in the stationary case.

Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude théorique de quelques modèles d'évolution non-linéaires issus de la mécanique des fluides. Nous distinguons trois parties indépendantes. La première partie de la thèse traite essentiellement de l'existence des poches de tourbillon en rotation uniforme (appelées aussi V-states) pour un modèle quasi-géostrophique non visqueux. Notre étude est répartie sur deux chapitres où les poches présentent des structures topologiques différentes. Dans le premier chapitre nous étudions le cas simplement connexe et nous validons l'existence de ces structures dans un voisinage du tourbillon de Rankine en utilisant des techniques de bifurcation. Dans le deuxième chapitre nous abordons le cas doublement connexe où la poche admet un seul trou. Plus précisément, proche d'un anneau donné, nous décrivons cette famille par des branches dénombrables bifurquant de cet anneau à certaines valeurs explicites des vitesses angulaires liées aux fonctions de Bessel. Notre étude théorique a été complétée par des simulations numériques portant sur les V-states limites et un bon nombre de constatations ont été formulées ouvrant la porte à de nouvelles perspectives de recherche. La seconde partie concerne l'étude du problème de Cauchy pour le système de Boussinesq non visqueux 2D avec des données initiales de type Yudovich. Le problème est dans un certain sens critique à cause de quelques termes comportant la transformée de Riesz dans la formulation tourbillon-densité. Nous donnons une réponse positive pour une sous-classe comprenant les poches de tourbillon régulières et singulières. Dans la dernière partie nous analysons le problème de la limite incompressible pour les équations d'Euler isentropiques 2D associées à des données initiales très mal préparées et pour lesquelles les tourbillons ne sont pas forcément bornés mais appartiennent plutôt à des espaces de type ''BMO'' à poids. On utilise principalement deux ingrédients: d'un côté les estimations de Strichartz pour contrôler la partie acoustique. D'un autre côté, on se sert de la structure de transport compressible du tourbillon et on démontre une estimation de propagation linéaire dans l'esprit d'un travail récent de Bernicot et Keraani mené dans le cas incompressible. / In this dissertation, we are concerned with the study of some non-linear evolution models arising in fluid mechanics. We distinguish three independent parts. The first part of the thesis deals with the existence of the rotating vortex patches (called also V-states) for an inviscid quasi-geostrophic model. Our study is divided into two chapters dealing with different topological structures of the V-states. In the first chapter we study the simply connected case and we prove the existence of such structures in a neighborhood of the Rankine vortices by using the bifurcation theory. In the second chapter we discuss the doubly connected case where the patches admit only one hole. More precisely, close to a given annulus we describe this family by countable branches bifurcating from this annulus at some explicit angular velocities related to Bessel functions of the first kind. Our theoretical study was completed by numerical simulations on the limiting V-states and a number of interesting numerical observation were formulated opening new research perspectives. The second part of the thesis concerns the local well-posedness theory for the inviscid Boussinesq system with rough initial data. The problem is in some sense critical due to some terms involving Riesz transforms in the vorticity-density formulation. We give a positive answer for a special sub-class of Yudovich data including smooth and singular vortex patches. In the last part we address the problem of the incompressible limit for the 2D isentropic fluids associated to ill-prepared initial data and for which the vortices are not necessarily bounded and belong to some weighted BMO spaces. We mainly use two ingredients: On one hand, the Strichartz estimates to control the acoustic part and prove that it does not contribute for low Mach number. On the other hand, we use the transport compressible structure of the vorticity and we establish a linear propagation estimate in the spirit of a recent work of Bernicot and Keraani conducted in the incompressible case. The first part of the thesis deals with the existence of the rotating vortex patches (called also V-states) for an inviscid quasi-geostrophic model. Our study is divided into two chapters dealing with different topological structures of the V-states. In the first chapter we study the simply connected case and we prove the existence of such structures in a neighborhood of the Rankine vortices by using the bifurcation theory. In the second chapter we discuss the doubly connected case where the patches admit only one hole. More precisely, close to a given annulus we describe this family by countable branches bifurcating from this annulus at some explicit angular velocities related to Bessel functions of the first kind. Our theoretical study was completed by numerical simulations on the limiting V-states and a number of interesting numerical observation were formulated opening new research perspectives. The second part of the thesis concerns the local well-posedness theory for the inviscid Boussinesq system with rough initial data. The problem is in some sense critical due to some terms involving Riesz transforms in the vorticity-density formulation. We give a positive answer for a special sub-class of Yudovich data including smooth and singular vortex patches. In the last part we address the problem of the incompressible limit for the 2D isentropic fluids associated to ill-prepared initial data and for which the vortices are not necessarily bounded and belong to some weighted BMO spaces. We mainly use two ingredients: On one hand, the Strichartz estimates to control the acoustic part and prove that it does not contribute for low Mach number. On the other hand, we use the transport compressible structure of the vorticity and we establish a linear propagation estimate in the spirit of a recent work of Bernicot and Keraani conducted in the incompressible case.