Este trabalho propõe uma interpretação da obra Memórias do cárcere (1953), de Graciliano Ramos, tendo como eixo de análise a configuração do narrador no relato. Por meio dela, o estudo busca desentranhar, do texto que propõe a confissão do sujeito à beira da cova, os materiais trabalhados pelo escritor. Desse modo, pode-se apreender a estruturação interna desse material como sedimentação de uma realidade historicamente pautada. A hipótese é a de que a reconstrução da experiência de cadeia por parte do narrador situado entre os anos 1940 e 1950 permite-lhe, a partir da fusão de vozes e temporalidades e da reflexão contundente sobre uma situação-limite, pôr em questão aspectos da sociabilidade brasileira, impasses situados no âmbito da política partidária e dilemas que caracterizam a complexa situação, na modernidade, do intelectual dependente e empenhado. / This study intends to offer an interpretation of the work Memórias do cárcere (1953), by Graciliano Ramos, having as its axis of analysis the configuration of the narrator throughout the account. By means of this configuration, the study aims at extracting, from the text that offers the confession of a subject who has one foot in the grave, the materials that were addressed by the writer. In this way, its possible to apprehend the internal structuration of this material as the sedimentation of a historically determined reality. The hypothesis is that, between the 1940s and 1950s, the narrators reconstruction of his experience in jail enables him, through the fusion of voices and temporalities and by means of an incisive reflection on a limit-situation, to question aspects of the Brazilian sociability, vicissitudes pertaining to the realm of party politics and dilemmas that characterize the complex situation of the dependent and engaged intellectual in modernity.

Após alguns anos em situação precária, em 1927 o Partido Comunista do Brasil tem sua estrutura partidária organizada no Rio Grande do Sul. O cenário político mais geral do país de arrefecimento da repressão sobre as organizações da classe trabalhadora contribuiu de maneira decisiva para a estruturação comunista no estado. Entretanto, tal conjuntura durou apenas alguns meses e, no mesmo ano, a perseguição policial voltou a atingir os trabalhadores e suas associações, prejudicando novamente a atuação do Partido. Paralelamente à estruturação partidária, os comunistas no Rio Grande do Sul estavam envolvidos em um processo de divergências internas que, juntamente com o retorno à ilegalidade, impediam que o Partido Comunista do Brasil obtivesse um crescimento sólido no estado. Situação que começaria a mudar no início de 1929 quando, após a chegada de uma nova geração de militantes e a execução de um planejamento com vistas a obter maior atuação entre os sindicatos, conseguiu crescer de maneira expressiva. No entanto, esse avanço foi interrompido por uma onda de repressão policial instalada em 1930 alguns meses antes do movimento de outubro. Nesse sentido, o objetivo da dissertação é verificar a repercussão da ação política do Partido Comunista do Brasil no movimento operário e sindical gaúcho. / After some years living in precarious conditions, in 1927 Communist Party has its own framing organized in Rio Grande do Sul. The political scenery characterized by moderate repression on workers decisively contributed to communist structuring in the state. Meanwhile, such political context lasted only a few months and in the same year police has come back to persecute workers and their unions, affecting the party’s activities again. Together with party structuring, communists in Rio Grande do Sul were involved in a process of internal divergencies which, in addition to return to illegality, hindered Communist Party to successfully develop in the state. This situation began to change in early 1929 when, after the emergence of a new generation of militants and the planning to increase unions’s actions, the party succeeded in growing more significantly. However, this progress was interrupted by a wave of police repression in 1930, some months before October movement. In this sense, the purpose of this paper is to study the repercussions of political actions of Communist Party in Brazil in Southern workers and unions movements.

A produção artística de Patrícia Galvão possui uma matriz política na qual a teoria e a prática comunista se entrelaçam à experiência modernista. Confrontada com a trajetória da autora, a estrita consonância de seu livro de estreia com as palavras de ordem do PCB nos permite reconhecer e avaliar tensões, conflitos e impasses da esquerda brasileira. A figuração do outro, no caso, o proletariado emergente pós-revolução de 1930, e as dificuldades do escritor, ou intelectual, em lidar com esta matéria são chaves importantes de nossa análise. O estudo de Parque industrial (1933), tanto de suas características internas quanto de seu lugar na história do modernismo brasileiro, ocupa a maior parte desta dissertação. / Patrícia Galvão\'s artistic work has a political framework in which communist theory and practice are intertwined with the modernist experience. Taking into consideration the author´s trajectory, the strict correspondence between her first book and PCB\'s watchwords allows us to recognize and evaluate tensions, conflicts and dilemmas of the Brazilian left-wing. The figuration of the other, in this case, the emerging proletariat after the 1930 revolution, and the difficulties faced by the writer, or intellectual, in dealing with this matter play a key role in our analysis. The study of Parque industrial (1933), both in its internal characteristics and in its place in the history of Brazilian modernism, occupies most of this work.

Thesis deals with the postwar economical development in Czechoslovakia, in particular it covers the period from 1945 to 1948. At first it focuses on situation right after the end of WWII, especially on the conditions ruling in the Czechoslovak economy and on possible directions of its future economical restoration. The crucial part in this issue belonged to aid received from international organization UNNRA. The courses of UNNRA's aid as well as the supply of its goods are described in detail. Thesis then follows the political development in postwar period, it mainly concentrates on the acceptance of The Kosice Government Programme and its economical consequences in form of land and monetary reform. Special chapter is then dedicated to nationalization. After parliamentary elections in 1946 thesis focuses on two-year plan of economical restoration and its particular aspects. In relation to unsatisfactory conditions in 1947 thesis contains the reasons for rejection of Marshall Plan. Thesis ends with the February 1948economical changes and the commence of the communist era.

This thesis is focused on the performance of judicial power in Czechoslovakia in the period of 1948 -- 1953, that is characterized by almost unlimited influence of the ruling party, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, on the entire society. It was associated with a destruction of division of power in the state and with intentional limitations of the independence of judiciary. The aim of the work is to identify and analyse particular components of a specific mechanism that was introduced to enable to influence the judiciary decisions according to power and political interests of the Communist party of Czechoslovakia through administrative bodies, especially Ministry of Justice. For this purpose fundamental changes of the legislation, personnel and also organizational changes in the judiciary were carried out.

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the impact of agricultural policies applied in Czechoslovakia in the structure of agricultural land use and economic Fund from 1945 to 1959, with particular emphasis on selected areas around Vlasim. Attention is paid to the consequences of a national agricultural policy on agriculture. This thesis also shows the influence of the Communist Party, the circumstances leading to its rise to power, explains specific steps and their impacts. By the time the policy framework was set Vlasim, agricultural and economic situation in the region. The local situation is clearly illustrated by several case studies processed, of which the first, very clearly shows the complete process and the impact of changes in agricultural policy Vlasim since 1945.

Thesis (M.A. (Political Science)) -- University of Limpopo, 2014 / The study was about the South African Communist Party (SACP) and its entry into SA politics after 1990. The main question is whether it should contest elections independently of its Tripartite alliance partners led by ANC in democratic SA. As a democratic country it allows any party to participate in the elections. Given that space SACP can contest and triumph electorally thus assume the reins of government. For SA to become socialist, SACP has to campaign and triumph electorally for this to happen. The study followed a qualitative research paradigm. Purposeful sampling was used to collect data through in-depth interviews with information-rich respondents who have specialist knowledge about the study. Interviews and document analysis were used for data collection. For this reason, open-ended questions in the form of an interview guide were used to solicit information, perceptions and attitudes towards and about SACP. A tape recorder was used to capture information from these interviews. The recorded data was transcribed and coded into themes one by one which in turn formed part of the research portfolio. From the study findings contemporary SACP is a product of the revisionism that has come to characterise the post-Cold War. It is not surprising why the party then is not ready to contest election alone.

This diploma thesis, February 1948 in printed non-communist media, analyses newscast and journalism of the four prominent journals since the 1st February till 14th March 1948. It has been Svobodné slovo, Právo lidu and Lidová demokracie which were the fundamental journals of the three governing parties, and Svobodné noviny which followed the tradition of Lidové noviny. Method of qualitative historical comparative analysis was used for the data processing. In the diploma thesis, the changes in information giving during the changing political situation and succession of communism are evaluated. The outcome of this thesis is the finding that Svobodné slovo, Právo lidu a Lidová demokracie often break the principles of objectivity. On the contrary, Svobodné noviny maintains the highest standard of journalism. All four daily newspapers initially inform negativelly on political actions of KSČ. However, the content of the newspapers changes fundamentally within several days. Since 26th of February onwards, all of them represent KSČ as a political party that lead the state out of crisis. In all the newspapers that have been under observation of this thesis the opinion turnover took place during just a few days. The legitimization of the new regime became a topic of great importance.

Jan Kafka: Religious Policy of the Communist Party and the State in North-East Bohemia in years 1948-1960 Zkrácená anotace v anglickém jazyce The presented thesis surveys the development and forms of religious policy of the state in the region of North-East Bohemia. The study analyzes the role of the individual state institutions and security forces, in particular it pays attention to the role of the Church Departments at the National Committees (i.e. the Secretaires of Church Affairs). The thesis also examines the response of individual churches to the state policy and describes the strategies and positions held by church leaders (eg. catholic bishop Mořic Pícha), priests, monks and nuns. We also study the influence of government policy on relations among individual churches.

(in English) This diploma thesis deals with the influence of the United States of America on Italy during the years 1945 and 1948. One of the factors that played an important role in this issue was the Cold War, since it had an immense impact on American foreign policy as well as the changing relationship between Italy and the USA. With regard to American foreign policy, Italy was not really in the centre of its attention after the Second World War. This, however, changed after the relationship between the USSR and USA had deteriorated in 1946 and 1947, which brought a shift in the American stance towards the Apennine peninsula. The strength of the Communist party of Italy was a major cause for concern to the American administration worrying about the spread of communism in Western Europe. The thesis puts special emphasis on 'the Propaganda Battle' led by the American administration, namely the Ambassador in Rome James Dunn, and the newly established CIA. This 'battle' is viewed especially from a cultural perspective, as the communist propaganda campaigns focused mainly on film industry, the radio and newspapers. Key words (in English) Italy, the United States of America, 1948, Communist Party of Italy, Marshall plan, CIA