Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Israeli-Palestinian conflict cannot be classified as an isolated conflict. Today’s clashes were not triggered by a single event, but rather are as a result of thousands of years of violent and at times restrained disagreements about the rights of Jews, Muslims and other ethnic groups to the disputed land known collectively today as Israel and the Palestinian Territories. This study examines the media coverage of one event during the conflict, i.e. the withdrawal by Israeli settlers from the Gaza area. The study tracks coverage over ten weeks in the South African media context, specifically the Mail & Guardian, Cape Times and the Sunday Times – a media setting in itself highly diverse and compelling. Using a qualitative framing analysis as the central methodology, the study focused on six core frames in analysing all articles/reports relating to the Gaza withdrawal. In addition, the editors of the respective newspapers were interviewed to complement the textual analysis. The methodological approach addressed how each story was packaged and presented, and then questioned why certain frames dominated and others did not. The study found that conflict (a combination of violent and non-violent) was the dominant frame chosen. Consequences and Attribution of Responsibility were the next two most prominent frames. Both these frames were found to apportion blame to a particular side in presenting the news reports and when providing comment. Whilst all three newspapers argued that they practiced a balanced coverage, it was this perceived “balance” in using several different frames of presentation that neglected a key “historical” frame. This lack of historical context was one of the key results of the other frames being so dominant. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die konflik tussen Israel en Palestina kan nie gesien word as ’n geïsoleerde konflik nie. Die huidige konflik is nie veroorsaak deur ’n enkele gebeurtenis nie, maar spruit uit die voortslepende geweld tussen Jode, Moslems en ander etniese groepe wat reeds duisende jare lank duur, as gevolg van betwiste aansprake op die grondgebied gesamentlik bekend as Israel en die Palestynse grondgebied. Dié studie ondersoek die mediadekking van een gebeurtenis in die konflik, naamlik die onttrekking van Israeli setlaars in die Gaza-gebied. Die studie volg mediadekking oor tien weke deur drie Suid-Afrikaanse publikasies, Mail & Guardian, Cape Times en Sunday Times. Met behulp van kwalitatiewe raming-analise as die sentrale metodologie, konsentreer dié studie op ses rame in die analise van artikels, wat verband hou met die onttrekking uit die Gasastrook. Die navorsing word aangevul met onderhoude met die redakteurs van die koerante. Die metodologie is toegespits op die manier waarop die stories verpak en aangebied word, en bevraagteken waarom sekere raamwerke oorheers en ander van minder belang is. Die studie bevind dat Konflik (’n samestelling van geweldadige en nie-geweldadige konflik) die oorheersende raam was waarbinne artikels in dié tydperk aangebied is. Die Gevolge- en Toeskrywing van Verantwoordelikheid-rame kom ná konflik die meeste voor. By albei raamwerke word bevind dat skuld aan die een of ander kant toegeskryf word in die aanbiedeing van nuusverslae en wanneer kommentaar gelewer word. Hoewel al drie koerante volhou dat hulle gebalanseerde dekking aanbied, word ’n belangrike “historiese” raam in dié aanbieding verontagsaam as gevolg van die gebruik van verskeie rame om balans te bewerkstellig. Die gebrek aan ’n historiese konteks is een van die vernaamste gevolge van die oorheersing van die ander rame.

This study analysed the representation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in the Mail and Guardian from 2000 to 2007. It drew on perspectives from cultural studies, the constructionist approach to representation and the sociology of news production. Through the use of the quantitative and qualitative research methods, content analysis and critical discourse analysis, this study established first, that few significant changes have occurred within the newspaper's coverage of the MDGs during this period, and second, that the people most affected by the MDGs and affiliated programmes are seriously under-represented and that the manner of representation marginalises and subordinates them.

Submitted by Pamela Assis (mell.oliveira20@hotmail.com) on 2015-04-30T12:48:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_Brena Carvalho.pdf: 1882342 bytes, checksum: 669a8fa9698d267542eee65a2686edd0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles (rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2015-05-07T12:51:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_Brena Carvalho.pdf: 1882342 bytes, checksum: 669a8fa9698d267542eee65a2686edd0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T12:51:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_Brena Carvalho.pdf: 1882342 bytes, checksum: 669a8fa9698d267542eee65a2686edd0 (MD5) / Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa, descritiva e interpretativa, teve como objetivo geral compreender as significações sobre a garantia de direitos de crianças e adolescentes presentes nos relatos sobre o que pensam e como agem os gestores escolares e os conselheiros tutelares. Mais especificamente, buscou-se analisar como as compreensões dos participantes sobre a infância e adolescência, o fracasso escolar e os maus-tratos contra crianças e adolescentes participam na configuração das significações a respeito da garantia, e descrever as situações nas quais Conselhos Tutelares e Escolas afirmam interagir. Como fundamentação teórica, a abordagem histórico-cultural foi escolhida. Foram entrevistados oito gestores escolares e oito conselheiros tutelares de quatro instituições distintas de Salvador. Como resultados, encontramos que: (1) as significações atribuídas à infância e adolescência as circunscrevem em um período que precisa de vigilância e tutela; (2) as significações sobre fracasso escolar centraram-se, principalmente, sobre a culpabilização dos alunos e de seus familiares. No entanto, entre os conselheiros tutelares, foi estabelecida uma análise mais complexa em relação ao fenômeno, integrando fatores relacionados à Escola e à inoperância do Estado. (3) Os maus-tratos foram concebidos, tanto de maneira mais ampla, quanto de maneiras mais específicas, vinculando-os à violência doméstica e/ou familiar, ou à possibilidade de os profissionais da escola se configurarem também como agressores. (4) No que se refere à relação estabelecida entre as instituições, foi possível perceber que, além das notificações sobre frequência irregular, evasão escolar, repetência ou maus-tratos, a Escola tem encaminhado, aos Conselhos, ocorrências envolvendo questões comportamentais dos alunos e a ausência da família na Escola, situações nas quais se espera do Conselho uma atuação repressora e punitiva. Ressalta-se, no entanto, que a Escola 02 afirmou não estabelecer relações com o referido órgão de defesa. (5) Já as ações dos conselheiros, diante das demandas da Escola, parecem incluir tanto a anuência em relação à solicitação de sua ação punitiva, quanto a tentativa de legitimar o órgão como uma instituição de defesa. Entretanto, as tentativas de explicitar o Conselho como um órgão de defesa de direitos foi posta, pelos conselheiros, como um fator que tensiona a sua relação com as Escolas. (6) Sobre a garantia de direitos, com a exceção da Escola 02, os participantes a caracterizaram pelo cumprimento dos direitos assegurados em lei, incluindo-se o conhecimento da normativa, a verificação do seu cumprimento e a denúncia das situações nas quais os direitos estejam sendo ameaçados ou violados. Contudo, nas Escolas, a maioria dos gestores referiu conhecer o ECA superficialmente. Como considerações finais, foram pontuadas a necessidade: de uma maior divulgação do ECA nas Escolas; da inserção de reflexões críticas referente ao fracasso escolar ao longo da formação docente; de uma definição mais precisa sobre os maus-tratos; e de ações que responsabilizem e deem condições à Escola para fazer as devidas notificações; além da dificuldade de circunscrever as ações dos conselhos tutelares às que estão postas na normativa, uma vez que estes se configuram como instituições híbridas, cuja ação é perpassada pela dinâmica do contexto social no qual se inserem. / This study has a qualitative, descriptive and interpretative nature. It presented as main objective to understand the meanings of the guarantee rights of children and adolescents in the reports about what school managers and council members think and how they act. More specifically, it has assumed the goal of analyzing how participants' understandings of childhood and adolescence, school failure and ill-treatment of children and adolescents influence in the shaping of meanings about the warranty, by describing situations in which Guardianship Councils and Schools claim to interact. The cultural-historical approach was chosen as theoretical framework. Eight school managers and eight council members from four different institutions of Salvador were interviewed. As results, we found that: (1) The meanings attributed to childhood and adolescence ascribe them as a period that need monitoring and protection; (2) The meanings of school failure have focused mainly on the culpability of the students and their families. However, among the council members, a more complex analysis about the phenomenon was established, by integrating on its explication factors related to the school and the ineffectiveness of the state; (3) The mistreatment were designed, both on more broadly and more specifically ways, being linked to domestic and/or family violence, or to the possibility of school professionals also behave as aggressors; (4) Regarding to the relationship between the institutions, it was noted that, beyond notifications of irregular attendance, school supply, school failure, or mistreatment, the School has forwarded to the Council occurrences involving students' behavioral issues and the non-attendance of family at school, situations in which the school expects from the council a repressive and punitive action. It is noteworthy, however, that the School 02 alleged not setting relations with that defense establishment; (5) On the other hand, the councilors actions, given the school’s demands, seem to include both the agreement in relation to the request of a punitive action, as an attempt to legitimize the institution as a defense establishment. Nonetheless, attempts to expose the Council as a national institution of advocacy were evaluated by the councilors as a factor that strains their relationship with the schools; (6) With the exception of School 02, participants characterized the guarantee of rights by the fulfillment of the rights guaranteed by law, including the knowledge of the rules, checking its compliance and reporting of situations in which rights are being threatened or violated. However, in schools, most managers thought knowing the ECA just superficially. As final remarks, we point out the need of: greater disclosure of ECA in Schools; inserting critical reflections about school failure along the teacher education; a more precise definition of maltreatment; formulating actions that charge the responsible and that give conditions to the school to make appropriate notifications. It is important, also, dealing with the difficult of circumscribing the actions of the guardianship council rules with those that are in the law, since they are characterized as hybrid institutions, whose action is influenced by the dynamics of the social context in which they are placed.

The topic I have chosen for my thesis is Guardianship and Legal capacity from the points of view of both clients and professional public. This thesis is divided into a theoretical and a research part. The theoretical part of the thesis presents information on legal capacity, guardianship and also on the person of the guardian. A relatively large space is devoted to guardianship, thus the theoretical part includes information on, among other, appointing and selecting a guardian as well as on the guardian´s rights and obligations and surveillance of the guardian. The thesis also mentions other selected institutes of the Civil Code that can be of assistance to persons with mental disabilities, without limiting their legal capacity. Another topic of importance dealt with in the theoretical part is human rights, both in the sense of general sources of human rights and the sources of rights of persons with intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, the theoretical part of the thesis gives a brief overview of characteristics of persons with mental disabilities and the etiology of mental disability. The research part states findings of the research that was conducted by the strategy of qualitative research. The method of data collection was interrogations and semi-structured interviews. The research group included people with mental disabilities limited in their legal capacities as well as representatives of professional public who are in some way involved in the guardianship institute and who deal with this issue in their work on a daily basis. The main aim of the thesis was to find out how clients with intellectual disabilities and representatives of the professional public perceive guardianship and related issues. In addition, conducted research investigated whether clients know what role the guardian plays in their lives and whether they know their rights and obligations. Last but not least, the views of the professional public on the role of guardian in the client's life and also the experience of the professional public with the application of selected rights and obligations of clients were looked into. Results of the survey have given base to understanding how clients and the professional public perceive guardianship, what their views of rights and obligations of clients and guardians are, how demanding they find to be a guardian and last but not least, what role a guardian should play in their ward´s life.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:18:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 piana_mc_me_fran.pdf: 270379 bytes, checksum: a29604fc27f020461cb0f946f1e601a5 (MD5) / Na presente dissertação de mestrado em Serviço Social, apresentamos conhecimentos necessários do órgão municipal – Conselho Tutelar para a atuação no sério problema da evasão escolar que são vítimas tantas crianças e adolescentes de nossa sociedade. Buscamos entender o Conselho Tutelar nas suas atribuições, segundo o artigo 136 da Lei Federal 8.069/90 – Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e a sua atuação na gestão 1999 – 2002, quando fomos conselheira tutelar. Os sujeitos de nossa pesquisa foram adolescentes evadidos das escolas estaduais do município de Barretos e atendidos pelo Conselho Tutelar. Pudemos constatar como procede o Conselho Tutelar para o retorno de muitos adolescentes à escola. A investigação do problema da evasão escolar foi também realizada através das entrevistas com profissionais que trabalham direta ou indiretamente com esta questão. Pudemos constatar que o adolescente é vítima de um sistema escolar excludente, elitista e obsoleto. Ao adolescente é necessário oferecer oportunidades e criar formas de participação na construção da sua própria história, sendo sujeitos de direitos e deveres na sociedade à qual se insere. / In the present master’s degree dissertation in Social Service, we presented necessary knowledge of the municipal organ – Guardian Council for the performance in the serious problem of the school escape that are slays so children and adolescents of our society. We looked for to understand the Guardian Council in your attributions, according to the article 136 of the Federal law 8069/90 – Statute of the Child and of the Adolescent and your performance in the administration 1999-2002, when we went guardian counselor. The people of our research were adolescents avoided of the state schools of the municipal district of Barretos and assisted by the Guardian Council. We could verify how it proceeds the Guardian Council for the many adolescents’ return to the school. The investigation of the problem of the school escape was also accomplished through the interviews with professionals that work direct or indirectly with this subject. We could verify that the adolescent is you/he/she slays of an excluding, elitist and obsolete school system. To the adolescent it is necessary to offer opportunities and to create participation forms in the construction of your own history, being subject of rights and duties in the society to which interferes.

Orientador: Mário José Filho / Resumo: Na presente dissertação de mestrado em Serviço Social, apresentamos conhecimentos necessários do órgão municipal - Conselho Tutelar para a atuação no sério problema da evasão escolar que são vítimas tantas crianças e adolescentes de nossa sociedade. Buscamos entender o Conselho Tutelar nas suas atribuições, segundo o artigo 136 da Lei Federal 8.069/90 - Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e a sua atuação na gestão 1999 - 2002, quando fomos conselheira tutelar. Os sujeitos de nossa pesquisa foram adolescentes evadidos das escolas estaduais do município de Barretos e atendidos pelo Conselho Tutelar. Pudemos constatar como procede o Conselho Tutelar para o retorno de muitos adolescentes à escola. A investigação do problema da evasão escolar foi também realizada através das entrevistas com profissionais que trabalham direta ou indiretamente com esta questão. Pudemos constatar que o adolescente é vítima de um sistema escolar excludente, elitista e obsoleto. Ao adolescente é necessário oferecer oportunidades e criar formas de participação na construção da sua própria história, sendo sujeitos de direitos e deveres na sociedade à qual se insere. / Abstract: In the present master's degree dissertation in Social Service, we presented necessary knowledge of the municipal organ - Guardian Council for the performance in the serious problem of the school escape that are slays so children and adolescents of our society. We looked for to understand the Guardian Council in your attributions, according to the article 136 of the Federal law 8069/90 - Statute of the Child and of the Adolescent and your performance in the administration 1999-2002, when we went guardian counselor. The people of our research were adolescents avoided of the state schools of the municipal district of Barretos and assisted by the Guardian Council. We could verify how it proceeds the Guardian Council for the many adolescents' return to the school. The investigation of the problem of the school escape was also accomplished through the interviews with professionals that work direct or indirectly with this subject. We could verify that the adolescent is you/he/she slays of an excluding, elitist and obsolete school system. To the adolescent it is necessary to offer opportunities and to create participation forms in the construction of your own history, being subject of rights and duties in the society to which interferes. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:47:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000422971-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 11451859 bytes, checksum: 44bc7be3ae741cfa3dea015f7c22c587 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / This present paper presents an analisys and history of the emergence, in British Media, of the bands The Beatles and The Rolling Stones, using the agenda-setting hypothesis, framing and construction of imaginary. This study is fixed in time during the years 1963 to 1967, in England – period of emergence and media explosion of the two groups – through the covering of The Times and The Guardian. This research has the objective of finding facts in newspapers articles, based in the construction of their images, through the publication of these articles. / Análise e história do surgimento, na mídia britânica, das bandas The Beatles e The Rolling Stones, utilizando as hipóteses de agenda setting, enquadramento e construção do imaginário. O estudo fixou-se entre os anos 1963 e 1967, na Inglaterra – período de surgimento e explosão midiática dos dois grupos – vista pela cobertura dos jornais The Times e The Guardian. A pesquisa busca fatos em artigos e matérias jornalísticas da imprensa britânica, baseadas na construção de suas imagens, através da publicação dessas reportagens.

L’ange n’a jamais été aussi présent qu’à l’heure de la modernité, c’est-à-dire à l’époque où le religieux, en son expression, sa forme et sa substance, ses objets, se trouvait remis en question par l’intense réflexion philosophique et par les découvertes scientifiques et techniques issues des Lumières. C’est ce constat fondé sur l’omniprésence des anges tant dans l’art que dans la littérature du dix-neuvième et du vingtième siècles qui nous a conduit à nous poser une question simple : de quoi l’ange fait-il signe ? Que symbolise-t-il ? Quel sens donner à cette présence ?Nous avons décidé, pour le savoir, de remonter aux sources de l’ange afin de mettre au jour les fondements de ce qui, de toute évidence, s’affirme comme l’un des mythes les plus importants de notre imaginaire contemporain. Nous avons également décidé de montrer comment ce passage d’une figure biblique à un mythe profane avait été rendu possible et quels mécanismes cette métamorphose avait empruntés ;nous avons aussi cherché à savoir quels enjeux ce processus mettait en jeu.Cette étude se propose d’étudier les représentations des anges dans l’art et la littérature de 1850 à 1950 afin de découvrir comment l’on passe d’une figure traditionnelle à un véritable mythe moderne. En quoi les représentations modernes de l’ange témoignent-elles des nouveaux rapports qui se tissent au divin ? Il s’agit ensuite d’étudier ses deux symboliques majeures : celle de l’ange inspirateur et celle de l’ange gardien, en mettant au jour les procédés qui permettent à l’ange de devenir un mythe personnel de l’individu et du créateur en particulier. / The angel was never as present as during the modernist era, that is at a time when thereligious figure, in its expression, its form, and even in its substance, its objects, waschallenged by the intense philosophical reflection and by the scientific and technicaldiscoveries stemming from the Enlightenment era. It is this acknowledgement basedon an omnipresence of angels, in nineteenth and twentieth art and literature alike,which led us to ask a simple question – what is the angel a sign of? What does itsymbolize? What meaning may be given its large presence?We have decided, to understand it, to get back to the sources of the angel in order toshed light onto the foundations of that which, quite obviously, establishes itself asone of the most important myths in the present-day imagination. We have alsodecided to show how the mutation from a biblical figure to a profane myth hadmanaged to happen and what were the mechanisms through which thismetamorphosis had taken place; we have also tried to know what was at stake in thisprocess.This study proposes to examine the representations of angels in art and literaturefrom 1850 to 1950 in order to discover how these traditional figures came to becomemodern myths. How can their contemporary representations testify of a newrelationship with the divine ? We'll try to answer this question by studying two majorsymbolics - the inspiring angel and the guardian angel - and by revealing the processin which the angel becomes a personal myth of the individual and especially of thecreator.

This diploma thesis deals with the reception of the newly established Czechoslovakia by the British press from 1918 to 1922. My task was to find out how often and in what context did Czechoslovakia appear in the press and what was the difference between the image of the republic in each newspaper. Secondarily, my task was to evaluate the success of the Czechoslovak propaganda in Britain. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part presents the context of the emergence of Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovak-British diplomacy aims and cultural propaganda in the given period. One chapter is dedicated to the history of the British press and includes profiles of the journals examined. The practical part incorporates both quantitative and qualitative analysis. Four broadsheets in total were analysed; The Times, The Manchester Guardian, The Daily Telegraph and a Sunday newspaper The Observer. Quantitative content analysis of The Times was used to determine the frequency, the length and the interest of the mentions of Czechoslovakia as well as the theme of the articles. Based on the quantitative analysis, sample time periods were selected for the qualitative section. The qualitative analysis further deepens the quantitative part and presents the explicit and implicit attributes that Czechoslovakia was...

The thesis deals with the prime period of the town Veselí nad Moravou. The aim of this thesis is to define the foundation activity of aristocratic families in the Veselí region. Aspecial attention is devoted to the altar paintings, whose origin has not been so far elucidated. The main aim of the thesis is to describe religious paintings in three different churches and try to attribute possible authers of the paintings through a confrontation of available materials.