In my paper I would like to focus on comparing of two groups of siblings in a different sibling positiron and their presisposition for the choice of the occupation and point out the qualities that an individual carries from the childhood and which can influence the choice of their future occupation. I want to make out and compare the changes in this theory in the course of a decade. According to the statistics I have assumed that the firs-bor will choose still occupations demanding accuracy, high conce thein perfectionism and thein will to achieve success. On the contrary, the youngest ones are supposed to be free thinkers and chaose flexible and independent occupations. Both the hypothes have proved true. For collection the date this thesis I use questionnaire. It was filled up with randon representatives with different age. I made a research by comparing the representatives of the oldest and the youngest siblings and partially also middle ones.

Youth criminality is a constant problem which a number of specialists, legislative bodies, and the whole public deal with. A number of negative phenomenons occurring in the area of this population, e.g. spreading of drugs among younger and younger age groups and related increase of criminality undoubtedly play a leading role. However, it is known that bare repression is ineffective and means of educational activities are much more effective. Occurrence of social pathological phenomenons, their dynamics and changes are an indivisible part of the society. Grounds enabling occurrence of these phenomenons change very little. Heritability, constitutional factors, family, school, peer pressure, inappropriate spending free time as well as media influence and ethnical origin have an impact. Responsibility of the youth for unlawful acts is laid down by the Act No. 218/2003 Coll., on the Liability of Youth for Unlawful Acts and on Justice in Matters of Youth and Amending Certain Acts (Act on Justice in Matters of Youth). The purpose of the Act is defined particularly from the view of prevention of unlawful activities of the youth that is a basic group to which the attention of the whole justice and society is to be paid, so that every member of this group who committed an illegal act, no matter he is a juvenile or a child younger than fifteen years, is treated in accordance with this Act, he contributes to rectifying the injury resulting from the unlawful act within his strengths and abilities, a convenient and appropriate measure is imposed on him, and he finds a social asserting corresponding to his abilities and intellectual and moral development as a definitive result. Preventive activities aimed against youth criminality always and in the whole scope require respecting basic children rights and rights for privacy of their family. Children rights must be observed from primary to tertiary prevention, from searching threatened children and their families to treatment of guilty children. The most significant tool of social prevention is education of children in families and education of children at school. The aim of the thesis was to find out grounds leading to custodial detention of a juvenile offender and to find indications which could help to positively or negatively affect educational impact on the juvenile in the prison.

The thesis talks about the interests of young school age children and teenagers in the context with the value orientation and the use of free time. The goal is to show some interests of the two age groups, which are typical due to the age of these children. Further the thesis focuses on the institution of ``Dům dětí a mládeže Pelhřimov{\crqq}, as an example of an organization, which offers many free time activity for school children. By means of such activity this institution not only motivates young people to develop their interests, but it also contributes to valuable free time spending. The researches that are mentioned in the thesis are focused on the chosen age groups. There is also a part describing a project: ,,Není nám to jedno (We do care),`` which is appointed to both of the chosen age groups and its task is to find out ways of free time spending of school children in the Czech Republic. The research shows the importance of public media in the life of young people. Therefore the last chapter is dedicated to the media and their influence on the free time of school children. Both the positive and the negative influence are shown.

ABSTRACT Nowadays, more and more often we hear about children who are attacked by dogs. The media constantly inform us about fighting breeds and their attacks on humans. Number of dogs in the household significantly increases and posibility of injury of the child by our four-legged partner is increasing too. This situation requires a solution. Media accused of assaulting an animal, unfortunately very often the culprit is not even a dog or child. Thesis on ?The awareness of pupils of first and second class ofthe first level of basic schools on the ethology of dogs ? is based on the author's practical experience with objective reality. The author herself, which is devoted to dogs more than 15 years, also tried to capture the degree of knowledge of school age children on the natural behavior of our four-legged domestic ?pets?. Through her own research, conducted by standardized questionnaires at selected basic schools in the South Bohemia region (in total 284 respondents) reveals the primary mistakes committed by these children in contact with their own or strange dog. The theoretical part is devoted to common cohabitation of children (or people) and dogs. Various chapters are focused on the historical evolution of domestic dog, the coexistence of humans and dogs, and communication sinals, which they use to interact among themselvest, but also on the impact of a dog on the psyche of the child. The research revealed significant gaps in knowledge regarding children's innate behavior of the dog. For this reason children can not adequately respond to a signal that is sent by a dog, so there can arise a hazardous situation between them. At the end of thesis the author proposes a practical solution that could serve as a basic for a new educational program aimed at preventiv injuries caused by dogs attack the children.

The dissertation represents some traditional elements of people catholic devoutness in their history and in present resemblance as well and with helping of symbols and knowledge of children psychology and children spiritual life it tries to show its utilization nowadays.

Progressively we have seen the multiplication of the presence of young people between 15 and 24 years enrolled in the form of Youth and Adult Education (EJA) and this continued growth has characterized the juvenilisation phenomenon of Youth and Adult Education in High School. Understanding this process is the central objective of the work. This study seeks to understand what has interfered so that young people leave the regular education entering the EJA modality. In this perspective, it has been a challenge for teachers, in view of the diversity not just age, above all, about the literacy levels and realities of the public this sport. So to analyze the research phenomenon sought to define the profile of these young people, their experiences and life trajectories, identifying the motivations that led young people to drop out of mainstream education and join the Youth and Adult Education MS. In addition the study also aims to identify together with the teachers of this type of education which the main difficulties faced due to juvenilisation experienced in EJA MS. The empirical field research was a Night Centre public schools located in Salvador (Bahia), more precisely in the neighborhood of Oil Palm (Lesser Town). The theoretical-methodological approach adopted was the case study of quantitative quality approach option. As methodological instruments, made use of the questionnaire, Semi-structured interview and document analysis. / Progressivamente tem-se observado a multiplicação da presença de jovens entre 15 e 24 anos matriculados na modalidade da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) e este crescimento contínuo tem caracterizado o fenômeno de Juvenilização da Educação de Jovens e Adultos no Ensino Médio (EM). Compreender esse processo é o objetivo central deste trabalho. Este estudo busca entender o que tem interferido para que os jovens saiam do ensino regular para ingressarem na modalidade EJA. Nesta perspectiva, isto tem sido um desafio para os docentes, tendo em vista a diversidade não apenas etária, mas, sobretudo, por conta dos diversos níveis de letramento e realidades do público desta modalidade. Assim, para analisar o fenômeno em questão, esta pesquisa buscou delinear o perfil desses jovens, suas experiências e trajetórias de vida, identificando as motivações que levaram os jovens a desistirem do ensino regular e ingressarem na Educação de Jovens e Adultos EM. Além disso, o trabalho também teve o intuito de identificar, junto aos docentes desta modalidade de ensino, quais as principais dificuldades enfrentadas devido à juvenilização experienciada na EJA EM. O campo empírico da investigação foi um Centro Noturno da rede pública estadual localizado em Salvador (Bahia), precisamente no bairro do Dendezeiros (Cidade Baixa). O percurso teórico-metodológico adotado foi a opção estudo de caso de abordagem quali-quantitativa. Como instrumentos metodológicos, fiz o uso do questionário, entrevista Semi-Estruturada e análise documental.

The goal of the thesis is to determine the level of motoric abilities of the children in primary school age (years of birth 2006 and 2007) who do the selected sports games such handball, football, volleyball and basketball. I tested the level of motoric abilities using the test battery Unifittest (6 - 60) what is suitable tool for testing. The testing was carried out in six sports clubs in the Central Bohemian Region and the Vysočina Region. I compared the level of motoric abilities of the children in primary school age doing the sports with standard population and subsequently made a comparison between selected sports. The other task was also to determine whether the structure of sport performance of selected sports will influence the level of motoric abilities of the children in primary school age. The research-oriented part proves that there is no significant difference in average results. The testing showed that handball and basketball players have the highest levels of motoric abilities. The research also showed that the sportsmen in primary school age have the worst results in the tests focused on physical condition of players. KEYWORDS younger school-age children, motoric abilities, handball, fotball, voleyball, basketball, Unifittest (6-60)

Title: Relationship between forced vital capacity and hand grip strength in children Objectives: One of goals of this thesis is to find out how strong is the connection between the strength of a children's handgrip and the FVC. Another aim is to ascertain what is the age limit to use a handgrip examination to estimate the children's FVC. The last goal is to determine whether a body height, weight and age of a child are crucial to evaluate the handgrip and the FVC. Methods: First part of this thesis is a research and tries to summarize basic information about an issue of dynamometry, spirometry and to characterize each of age brackets which are the main aim of this thesis. Second part of this work is a survey for which data from sport festivals for children and youth were assembled. This data were statistically processed to calculate correlation and to make graphs showing linear regression between observed variables (handgrip and FVC), finally the results were interpreted. Results: Between the handgrip and the FVC was proven a strong correlation (girls , boys ). It is possible to evaluate FVC with younger school age children from the value of handgrip's strenght. Values of strenght of a handgrip are strongly influenced by body length, weight and age of a child. Keywords: strenght of a handgrip, FVC,...

This thesis is focused on the evaluation of lexical-semantic level in primary school children. Vocabulary is tested in a population of children with and without the postponement of compulsory schooling. Diagnostic testing is done with the help of an own research tool. A part-of-speech analysis of spontaneous speech is done with a specific goal of monitoring the performance in the area of perception and preposition use. The data is further analysed using methods of both relational and descriptive statistics. Methods and forms of work used for vocabulary development in pre-school children and first grades are explored through interviews with teachers. All the findings should help monitor the vocabulary in primary school children's speech. The research tool used in the testing also functions as a practical and didactical tool for the development of vocabulary focused on perception and preposition use.

Using Hebb’s (1961) paradigm, it has been shown that older adults (OAs) fail to learn recurrent visuospatial supra-span sequence information (Turcotte, Gagnon, & Poirier, 2005); a deficit which has not been demonstrated on verbal versions of the same task or in younger adults (YAs). Since the Hebb paradigm is thought to rely on working memory and thus attention (Conway & Engle, 1996), one interpretation concerns an OA’s capacity to allocate the necessary attentional resources to carry out the various components of the task. Five studies investigated this proposal. The first three (Article 1) examined attention in a general manner by reducing the amount of attentional resources that a YA could devote to carrying out the visuospatial Hebb supra-span sequence learning task through the implementation of a verbal dual task (DT) procedure. The fourth (Article 2) further investigated the role of attention by using a DT induced at retrieval that overlapped extensively with the requirements (spatial and response features) of the visuospatial Hebb task. The final study (Article 3) aimed to use our previous findings to demonstrate learning among OAs in a visuospatial Hebb learning paradigm in which the motor response was replaced by a verbal response. Our findings confirm that attentional resources employed at the retrieval phase of the task appear to be particularly important for the demonstration of visuospatial sequence learning. The inclusion of a spatial and motor based DT at recall eliminated learning of the repeated sequence in YAs. Interestingly, the learning deficit of OAs was partially eliminated when the motor and spatial requirements at retrieval were reduced. Our findings offer strong support to the contention that supra-span learning of the Hebb type is not altered by the effect of age. However, learning deficits can be observed among OAs when the retrieval component of the task overly taxes attention-related processes. In the case of the visuospatial sequences, the basis of the deficit likely concerns an individual’s capacity to discriminate between responses made to previously presented sequences versus those that need to be made in reaction to the just seen sequence.