The diploma thesis is devoted to the development of music and musical movement activities at a younger school age. It consists of theoretical and practical part. The first parts acquaints the reader with the characteristics of younger school age and with the somatic- physiological, psychological and social characteristics of this period. It also describes the means that affect the child's musicality. This work lists the basic music-movement activities and their important aspects. The conclusion of this part is focused on expertise publications focusing on piano playing,where the authors in their works use movement elements or musical-movement activities to directly improve the influence of playing the piano. The practical part is based on theoretical knowledge. We chose a pedagogical experiment with the technique of one-group and we used piano compositions fot this purpose. The issue of qualitative research is focused on the connection of piano playing with musical- movement activities. There are objectives, research methods, the subject and its organization described in the research part. For children involved in the research there was developed a thematic program called Traveling with Little prince, which describes methodological steps supporting the expression of music content and understanding...

PECHAROVÁ, Klára. Alternative Form of Home schooling Prague, 2020. Diploma thesis. Charles University Prague The diploma thesis deals with the issue of individual (home) education in the Czech Republic. It aims to introduce an alternative form of the approach to home education, where the implementation is transferred to an educational association. In the theoretical part, the work specifies the basic concepts and describes the mentioned issues. It also clarifies the legislative approach and compares it with other approaches to individual (home) education both in the Czech Republic and abroad. The main part of the work is focused on the presentation of the possibility of home education through an educational association. The research part of the thesis covers the processing of this issue from the perspective of legal representatives. As a research method, the work uses quantitative analysis of data obtained in the form of questionnaires filled out by parents of pupils in individual (home) education who attend the educational association KT 19 registered association. This research is supplemented by interviews with pedagogical staff working in the educational association. The main benefit for special pedagogical theory and praxis is the insight into the contribution of community education as an...

The diploma thesis deals with the attitude of students to a healthy diet with the possibility of their own free choice. It represents possible justified risks arising from insufficiently timely information. Most mental and health threats occur in old school age. For this reason, my part is focused on the younger school age, where it is necessary to apply primary prevention against these threats. The aim of my diploma thesis is to provide information about the level of students' knowledge of healthy eating, taking into account the biological, psychological and social aspects by which they are affected. I carried out the research at the 1st stage of a Prague primary school. Quantitative questionnaire surveys, consisting of closed and open questions, were used as research methods. The results provide a comprehensive picture of students' attitudes and levels of awareness of healthy eating with regard to their own eating habits before the end of primary school and before transfer to secondary school or leaving for multi-year grammar schools. The research revealed an opportunity to influence these views at a time when they are being formed and strengthened at a younger school age by a separate school subject. This gives pupils the opportunity to increase, expand and organize the information provided by...

Bakgrund: Kognitiv sjukdom är ett övergripande begrepp för sjukdomar som drabbar hjärnans funktioner såsom minne, tal och intellekt. Antalet som insjuknar i kognitiv sjukdom förväntas fördubblas fram till 2050 och antalet som insjuknar innan 65 års ålder ökar. Det är rimligt att anta det är en livsomställning med påverkan på livskvaliteten att drabbas av kognitiv sjukdom innan 65 års ålder. Det kan således vara viktigt ur ett omvårdnadsperspektiv att undersöka livskvalitet i relation till kognitiv sjukdom. Livskvalitet är ett begrepp som är centralt för omvårdnad då detta indirekt är ett mål som sjuksköterskan strävar efter att förbättra med hjälp av olika omvårdnadsåtgärder. Därför är det av vikt att undersöka individers upplevelse av livskvalitet och faktorer som kan tänkas påverka detta. Syfte: Syftet är att genom en litteraturstudie beskriva upplevelsen av livskvalitet hos yngre personer med kognitiv sjukdom. Metod: Litteraturstudie av kvalitativa studier analyserad utifrån en integrerad analys. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i ett huvudtema, två teman och sex subteman. Resultatet visar att livskvaliteten varierar över tid och upplevs olika av olika individer, dock hittas gemensamma teman och faktorer som används för att stärka livskvalitén och välmåendet för yngre personer med kognitiv sjukdom. Konklusion: Livskvalitet är ett subjektivt begrepp som varierar över tid. Upplevelsen av livskvalitet stärks av meningsfull aktivitet och genom upprätthållandet av identiteten. Det är viktigt att som omvårdnadspersonal att vara ett stöd för personer med kognitiv sjukdom vilket görs fördelaktigt genom att tillämpa ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt i omvårdnaden. / Background: Dementia is a disease that affects the memory, speech, intellect and other cognitive functions. The number of people diagnosed will double by 2050. Dementia is often associated with an older population but the number who will be diagnosed before the age of 65 will presumably increase. Being diagnosed with young onset dementia (YOD) is presumably a life-changing event which affects the quality of life (QoL). To further examine the experience of living with YOD is of great importance to future health-care research. Aim: The aim of the study is to describe the experience of quality of life among people with young onset dementia (YOD). Method: A literature review of qualitative studies using an integrative analysis. Result: The analysis resulted in one main theme, two themes and six subthemes. The findings show that QoL among people with YOD is affected negatively by a range of factors, but they manage to use coping strategies to improve QoL. Quality of life varies over time and different people have different perceptions of the concept. Many factors are similar which are presented in the result. Conclusion: Quality of life is a subjective phenomenon that varies over time. The experience of quality of life is empowered by meaningful activity and the ability to preserve the identity. It is important for health care staff to be a support for people with young onset dementia and applying a person centered care-approach can be a key element to this.

This diploma thesis describes current situation of teaching of financial literacy in elementary schools and suggests certain changes. It also presents educational approach within this issue. In the theoretical part it describes conclusions in the field of financial literacy in RVP ZV and in ŠVP of two chosen schools. It proposes particular outcomes of financial literacy in each grade of elementary schools, which could be included in the RVP ZV with its revision, also possibly could used by the teachers for creating thematic schedules or for scheduling the lessons. For each outcome there is an option added how to implement it with the pupils in a form of working with textbooks or other related publications, or through a model situation with presumed development and teacher's commentary. In the practical part it offers verification of some of the suggested activities and description of interesting phenomena, which occured during the testings. KEYWORDS financial literacy, shopping and paying, household economy, loans and savings, didactic situations from real environment, pupil of a younger school age

The purpose of this essay is to reflect upon the participation and the influence of young children, between the ages one to three, in preschool. The starting point of the essay is a selfexperienced dilemma where children can make different choices in different aspects. The situations I describe are gathering- and meal situations. I also describe the impact that the learning environment can have in preschool. Can it help rather than hinder the possibilities for younger children to participate and have influence? In exploring these topics, I was guided by the following research questions: What impact has the educators’ approach in facilitating participation and influence for younger children? How does the learning environment impact the younger children’s participation and influence? How do the younger children communicate their will to participate and influence? In this reflection I discuss the preschool’s steering documents, the Convention on the Rights of the child and the Preschool Curriculum, that all preschool educators should follow. I am highlighting the meaning of the different concepts of participation and influence. I even discuss the importance of different approaches where the educator shows sensitivity for the children’s possibility to influence their day at preschool. The essay considers the impact of the learning environment on the younger children’s participation and influence. The essay ends with highlighting the great importance of the interplay between educators and children through different ways of communication and documentation / Syftet med denna vetenskapliga essä är att reflektera över delaktighet och inflytande för de yngre barnen mellan ett och tre år på förskolan. Essän har som utgångspunkt ett självupplevt dilemma där barnen utifrån olika aspekter kan göra olika val. Situationer jag beskriver är bland annat från samlingar och matsituationer. Jag beskriver även lärmiljöns betydelse på förskolan. Kan den hjälpa mer än stjälpa de yngre barnens möjligheter till delaktighet och inflytande? Till hjälp för att utforska detta har jag använt mig av dessa frågeställningar: Vilken betydelse har pedagogers förhållningssätt för att skapa delaktighet och inflytande för de yngre barnen? Hur påverkar lärmiljön yngre barns delaktighet och inflytande? Hur kommunicerar de yngre barnen sin vilja till delaktighet och inflytande? I reflektionen diskuterar jag förskolans styrdokument, barnkonventionen och läroplanen som alla pedagoger på förskolan ska förhålla sig till. Jag lyfter innebörden på de olika begreppen för delaktighet och inflytande. Diskuterar även förhållningsätt där vikten av pedagogens lyhördhet utifrån barnens möjlighet till att påverka sin vardag på förskolan. I essän reflekteras det över lärmiljöns betydelse för de yngre barnens delaktighet och inflytande. Essän avslutas genom att lyfta fram den stora betydelsen som samspelet mellan pedagoger och barn har genom olika kommunikationsvägar och dokumentationer.

This Master's thesis is focused on assessment of learning outcomes in inclusive education at primary school. First part of the thesis involves theoretical basis for learning assessment in inclusive education. This theoretical basis is further applied in the practical part. In the practical part, a set of research questions was presented, which were subsequently subjected to qualitative research. To answer the questions, action research supplemented with interviews and questionnaires submitted to teachers and parents were used. Samples of questionnaires are included in the annexes. The research questions were answered at the end of the research. KEYWORDS assessment, formative assessment, inclusive education, inclusion, social development, socialization, younger school age

1 ABSTRACT Master's thesis focuses on the education of pupils with developmental dysphasia diagnosis in the elementary school. The main goal is to describe education possibilities of these pupils. The thesis describes possibilities of parents and their children, types of elementary schools, where they can study, and what specific conditions are available for education of pupils with specific language impairment. Theoretical part is divided into three chapters. The first chapter focuses on child attending elementary school, communication skills development, compulsory education and education program for elementary school. The second chapter describes developmental dysphasia, its history and terminological definitions, etiology, symptomatology, diagnostics in the Czech Republic and abroad, differential diagnostics, therapy and prognosis. The third chapter describes pupil with developmental dysphasia attending elementary school, education readiness, approaches for pupil support in different elementary school types. The practical part of the thesis focuses on evaluation of conditions on three types of school, where a pupil with developmental dysphasia can be educated. Data is collected mainly by an interview. As the research strategy of qualitative research was chosen a case study. An observation is another...

This diploma thesis examines the influence of specific learning disabilities on the gross motor skills of pupils at primary schools. The primary objective is to find out which specific learning disability affects gross motor skills and thus may have an impact on physical education difficulties. To achieve the primary goal, I chose a partial goal, which is to find out whether over the past ten years has increased or decreased the number of pupils with specific learning disabilities in primary schools. The secondary objective is to determine the awareness of PE teachers in primary schools about the issue of specific learning disabilities and to consider pupils in physical education lessons if they experience specific learning disabilities. The analysis of literature and questionnaire will be used to achieve these goals. The questionnaire survey was carried out by means of an electronic questionnaire, which was filled in by 55 respondents from primary schools in the Central Bohemia Region. The results of the questionnaire survey are processed into graphs and tables. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part I deal with the issue of specific learning disabilities, then the motor skills of people and assessment of pupils with special educational needs. The practical part focuses on...

The diploma thesis deals with comprehension of selected vocabulary in children of younger school age. In the introduction it presents basic characteristics of children in this developmental stage. It also analyses what place the cross-sectional topic of Media Education has in current educational programs of elementary schools and in the children's families. As the researched lexicon was selected from the children's news program od Czech Television Zprávičky, the thesis also focuses on the news genre and the characteristics of the program Zprávičky, especially on the language of the program and the way it is adapted to the audience of children. The research part is based on a qualitative analysis of individual interviews with children and focuses on finding out how pupils of first and fifth grade of elementary school understand the lexicon selected from two broadcasts of the program Zprávičky. The aim of the research is to verify whether children fully understand the selected vocabulary and to find out whether the tested words are part of the active or passive vocabulary of children. The research also monitors differences in understanding between both age groups of children. It also tests children's knowledge of individual meanings in selected polysemic words. In addition, it examines the extent to...