This thesis is a landscape ethnography examining conflicting epistemologies and land use values in the Athabasca region of subarctic Canada. Based on 18 months of fieldwork in Fort McMurray, Alberta with the Fort McMurray Métis community and peatland scientists, I analyse oil sands reclamation as a site of encounter between Indigenous and settler peoples. I show how reclamation, a process of reconstructing ecological integrity of a post-extractive landscape for future use, is a historically contingent activity that centres on settler colonial ideologies of productivity. I argue that this ideology spurred a process that I call 'making productive land' which seeks to 'improve' upon or transform the Athabasca region from Indigenous homeland into settler territory or 'useful' land. Weaving archival documents with experiential material from ethnographic fieldwork, I analyse the Athabasca region as a multilocal and multivocal place to demonstrate that Indigenous communities such as the McMurray Métis hold their own definitions of land use that exist alongside, beyond, against, and entangled with settler notions of productivity. I conclude that, for Métis community members, reclaimed areas in fact represent a diminished experience of place or an unproductive landscape. For reclamation to be successful for Métis community members, I contend that reclamation policy and practice must expand beyond purely scientific and resource-based utility narratives to involve a relational element of healing and Métis notions of use that transcend settler colonial ideals of 'productive' land.

No description available.

nÃo hà / O presente estudo buscou verificar o reflexo do Simples Nacional na arrecadaÃÃo do Imposto sobre CirculaÃÃo de Mercadorias e ServiÃos (ICMS) das Microempresas (ME) e Empresas de Pequeno Porte (EPP) cearenses. Para tanto se utilizou dados da arrecadaÃÃo do ICMS de 43.929 contribuintes do estado do Cearà pertencentes aos setores de agropecuÃria, indÃstria, meio ambiente, comÃrcio e serviÃos referente ao perÃodo de julho de 2004 a junho de 2008. Dessa maneira, mediante o emprego do modelo âDiferenÃa em DiferenÃaâ, os dados foram estimados e subdivididos nos grupos de tratamento e controle. No grupo de tratamento enquadraram-se as empresas que realizaram a opÃÃo pelo Simples Nacional, e no grupo de controle alocaram-se as empresas que, por algum motivo, nÃo realizaram a opÃÃo por esse programa governamental. Para analisar simultaneamente os efeitos do Simples Nacional relacionados Ãs atividades e Ãs caracterÃsticas dos setores as quais as empresas pertencem, estimou-se um modelo para os setores, subsetores e segmentos. A anÃlise dos dados sugere que o impacto da implantaÃÃo do Simples Nacional na arrecadaÃÃo do ICMS das empresas investigadas varia conforme o setor ao qual a empresa pertence. / The current paper aimed to investigate the impacts of âSimples Nacionalâ taxes in the collection of ICMS from Micro-Enterprises and Small Enterprises in the state of CearÃ. The study used historical data of ICMS from 43.929 taxpayers in the State of Cearà in Agricultural, Industrial, Environmental, Trade and Service sectors from July 2004 to June 2008, and throughout the application of âDifference to Differenceâ model, estimated and subdivided in a Case-Control study. For the case group, it was selected companies that opted for âSimples Nacionalâ; for the control group, companies that did not opt for it. In order to analyze simultaneously the effect of âSimples Nacionalâ in the level of the activities and characteristics within their corresponded sectors it was applied an estimation model for sectors, subsectors and segments. The data analysis suggests that the impact of National Simples in the ICMS collection from evaluated companies varies according to each sector they are part of.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:58:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo3259_1.pdf: 5762420 bytes, checksum: 0af73887e3af768529c1569155447ba5 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA UFPE / Linhas de Produtos de Software (LPS) são definidas como conjuntos de sistemas de software que atendem a um mercado especifico, que compartilham caracteristicas em comum, porem sendo suficientemente distintos entre si, e que são desenvolvidos a partir de um conjunto de artefatos reusaveis. Entre os beneficios possiveis com a implantação de LPS podemos citar o reuso em larga escala e o aumento de produtividade. Um fator-chave no desenvolvimento de uma LPS e o mecanismo utilizado para a estruturação fonte. Uma das tecnicas mais comumente utilizadas para a estruturação de variações de código e a compilação condicional, tambem chamada de pre-processamento. Apesar de ser amplamente utilizada, o uso de compilação condicional incorre em problemas de legibilidade, modularidade, manutenibilidade e qualidade. Programação Orientada a Aspectos (POA) e uma alternativa a compilação condicional para a estruturação de variações de codigo em LPS, podendo apresentar melhor legibilidade, modularidade, manutenibilidade, qualidade, entre outros fatores, do que a compilação condicional. Entretanto, o uso de AspectJ, implementação mais popular de POA sobre a linguagem Java, como mecanismo de estruturação de variações gera um overhead (aumento) sobre o tamanho final do codigo compilado. No contexto de LPS de sistemas para plataformas em dispositivos moveis, em plataformas como Java ME, que possuem restrições de memoria, esse overhead pode tornar inviavel o uso do produto final. Neste trabalho, analisamos o impacto do uso de AspectJ como mecanismo de estruturação de variações sobre o tamanho do codigo compilado e investigamos os motivos por tras deste aumento. Para tal, utilizamos o BestLap e o Juggling, duas LPS de jogos para dispositivos Java ME que possuem uma versão puramente pre-processada e uma versão hibrida, que utiliza pre-processamento e AspectJ. Utilizamos o BestLap na analise de tamanho para quanticar o overhead com dois compiladores AspectJ, o ajc e o abc. Em seguida, analisamos o codigo compilado de um subconjunto das construções As pectJ, a fim de identificar quais construções geram overhead no tamanho do codigo compilado e os motivos por tras deste overhead. Esse subconjunto consistiu de todas as construções AspectJ utilizadas na versão híbrida do BestLap e do Juggling, o ultimo utilizado apenas para a elicitação das construções analisadas. Com base nessa investigação, desenvolvemos quatro otimizações para o compilador abc que modificam o codigo compilado de certas construções visando a eliminar o overhead. Apresentamos detalhes da implementação e discutimos as pre-condições e a corretude das otimizações desenvolvidas. Em seguida, apresentamos o resultado da aplicação destas otimizações em duas LPS e discutimos como implementações diferentes, porem equivalentes, da mesma variação em AspectJ podem inviabilizar a aplicação das otimizações Por fim, para garantir que as modificações realizadas pelas otimizações não prejudiquem o desempenho, apresentamos o resultado de testes de desempenho realizados em programas AspectJ usados em benchmarks apos a aplicação das nossas otimizações

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T14:57:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Gilcimar computacao.pdf: 1224292 bytes, checksum: 75fac426728d5b453b8844552dd5f88f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-14 / Software quality is aimed at for every person that works with computation. Many techniques, methods and tools have been proposed helping us to get high level software quality. Due to the increase in the number of mobile devices available daily, there is a high number of software products for such devices are under development. To test the software for mobile devices it is important to know the characteristics of both the device and the software itself aiming at to get high quality products. One package of experimentation aiming at evaluating some well known testing techniques applied in mobile software is proposed. This work describe the proposed package, the results obtained after three replications, and highlight which technique is more adequate for grant quality in Java ME software. The replications occur in a controlled environment, producing a consistent information database about the usage of the testing techniques in JavaME programs. New replications can be carried out for collecting more data and increasing the confidence in the results obtained so far. The final objective, after many replications, is to develop one incremental strategy for testing Java ME software. A preliminary version of this strategy is presented in this work and can be further refined. Moreover, the data obtained during the experiment helps improving the JaBUTi/ME testing tool, aiming at to maximize the support and reduce the cost of the testing activity / A qualidade de software é almejada por todos profissionais da computação. Muitas técnicas, métodos e ferramentas foram propostas para ajudar a alcançar um alto grau de qualidade no software. Devido ao aumento no número de dispositivos móveis no mercado diariamente, uma grande quantidade de software para esses dispositivos está em desenvolvimento. Para realizar os testes nos softwares para dispositivos móveis é importante levar em consideração as características tanto do dispositivo quanto do software visando a obter um produto de qualidade. Um pacote de experimentação que visa avaliar algumas das mais conhecidas técnicas de teste de software aplicadas no contexto de programas para dispositivos móveis é proposto. O presente trabalho apresenta o pacote proposto, bem como os resultados obtidos após as três replicações deste pacote e mostra qual técnica, dentre as avaliadas, é mais adequada para garantir mais qualidade ao produto de software JavaME. As replicações desse pacote foram executadas em ambiente controlado, e apresenta uma base de informações consistentes sobre o uso das técnicas de teste em programas Java ME. Novas replicações podem ser realizadas para coletar mais dados e aumentar a confiança dos resultados obtidos até o momento. O objetivo final, após uma série de replicações é o desenvolvimento de uma estratégia incremental para o teste de produtos de software Java ME. Uma versão inicial dessa estratégia é apresentada neste trabalho e pode ser refinada futuramente. Além disso, os dados obtidos durante os experimentos servem de subsídios para a melhoria constante da ferramenta de teste JaBUTi/ME, visando sempre a maximizar o auxílio e reduzir os custos na condução da atividade de teste

This thesis investigates ways in which literature, in this case the novel Letters From the Inside, can be used in teaching English and how it can support personal growth. The teaching is undertaken in the context of reader response, which basically means that readers use their previous knowledge to interact with texts. Langer’s envisionments and Chambers’ Tell me-approach serve as the theoretical framework; both are related to each other and to personal growth. The selection of books is discussed and the importance of choosing a book that is relevant for the pupils is pointed out, as well as the obvious statement that motivation rises when the chosen novel is appreciated by the reader who has affinity with the characters. Conclusions drawn are that personal growth is a wide concept, for which interaction is important, since it may increase the understanding of others. A tolerant and safe classroom environment is necessary, especially if you want pupils to discuss personal and perhaps, subjects that are sensitive to them.

Today’s society is one where technological advances are made daily, which increases the need to stop and assess the risks against users’ integrity when integrating new technology in contemporary systems all the greater. We have taken two technologies, Near Field Communication and Certified Wireless USB, whose envisioned area of use is to be integrated into mobile phones, and evaluated what security threats are revealed for the respective technologies. The threats against security have been identified through research of the standards and existing reports for each technology. Practical experiments have not been conducted on account of us not having access to any equipment to run such trials. The result of our studies is indecisive; pitched against Certified Wireless USB’s rigorous and robust security measures, implemented on hardware level, Near Field Communication’s lack of any such security implementations shines all the brighter. The real difference can be traced to the philosophy behind the technologies – Certified Wireless USB can be perceived as a complete product, while Near Field Communication bears more resemblance to a tool. In order to safely use a tool, knowledge about its use is required, thus in order to securely use Near Field Communication we propose two solutions; secure channel and secure identification, which developers can implement on a software level. Furthermore, we suggest that the implementation of security should be based on an incremental model where the security measures are scaled up in direct correlation with the sensitivity of the information managed. Our results imply that Near Field Communication does not have the inherent security that it should have in order to be safely and securely integrated into any system as it is. Therefore, measures have to be taken in order to implement this technology securely on a software level. For Certified Wireless USB it implies that nothing further is needed to achieve a secure implementation as the only weakness it displays is against Side Channel attacks, which are so complicated (and require direct access to the system) that we have deemed them unlikely to be attempted.

Det primära syftet med den här studien är att ta reda på om bildkomposition har en betydande roll i den visuella gestaltningen av karaktärers emotioner. Studien grundas i en kvantitativt riktad komparativ analys som tittar på hur bildkompositionen används som förstärkande medel för den visuella gestaltningen av huvudkaraktärens emotioner och emotionella tillstånd i den svenska filmen Låt den rätte komma in jämfört med den amerikanska versionen av samma berättelse Let me in. Med fokus på de fyra sekvenserna i berättelsen där huvudkaraktären blir utsatt för mobbning. Resultatet visar på att det finns tydliga samband mellan bildkompositionen och den visuella gestaltningen av emotion i båda filmerna. Den svenska versionen visar dock på ett mer gediget bildspråk som skapar fler intressanta associationer mellan bildkompositionen och karaktärens emotioner än den amerikanska versionen. Således blev slutsatsen att bildkomposition är en berättarkomponent som innehar en viktig roll i filmens funktion att beröra.

No description available.

Background and Aims: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) remains a poorly understood condition, shrouded in uncertainty and dispute. Research suggests this context to have a profound bearing on those touched by the condition, impacting significantly on their experience and the narratives constructed thereof. However, no studies examining the narratives of partners of individuals affected by CFS/ME appear to have been carried out to date. Based upon this gap in the literature, this study sought to hear the narratives of partners of adults living with CFS/ME, giving particular consideration to the ways in which these narratives were told to an outsider, and how the outsider may have influenced the narrative. Methodology: This study drew on a qualitative approach. A purposive sample of six partners of adults affected by CFS/ME (4 men and 2 women) was recruited. Individual interviews were conducted that were audio-recorded and transcribed. Narrative analysis was used to analyse the transcripts, focusing principally on how participants narrated their accounts, as well as on the content of narratives and the narrative and discursive features that shaped the telling of the accounts. Analysis and Findings: Multiple readings of the narratives identified two areas of collective focus within participants' accounts - 'stories from then' and 'stories from now'. Some similarities in how 'stories from now' were told were seen to emerge down gender lines. Notably participants' storytelling could be seen to represent a form of response to wider narratives that purvey around CFS/ME, with participants' being observed to construct particular meanings around CFS/ME, as well as particular 'identities' of themselves, their partner, their relationship and 'others' who had played a key role in their story of living with the condition. The findings are discussed in terms of their potential bearing for clinical practice and future research endeavours. In addition, the strengths and the limitations of the research are considered.