本研究主要目的在於探討激勵保健因素與公立高職兼職行政教師組織承諾之關係。採用文獻分析與問卷調查方式進行。 在文獻分析方面，首先針對激勵保健因素及組織承諾相關文獻進行蒐集、探討與分析。進而建立研究架構。 再以教育部94年度所公佈之92所公立高職兼職行政工作教師為研究對象，以激勵保健因素與公立高職兼任行政教師組織承諾關係之研究問卷為工具。以抽樣方式進行調查。 發出問卷644份，回收問卷635份，有效問卷609份，問卷可用率為94.6%。問卷回收後，使用描述性統計分析、單因子變異分析、皮爾森積差相關、逐步多元迴歸等方式進行資料分析，茲就研究結果加以討論。 本研究得到以下結論： 一、 公立高職兼職行政教師激勵保健因素呈現中等感受度。 二、 公立高職兼職行政教師激勵因素以「工作本身」感受度較高，「學習成長」感受度較低。 三、 公立高職兼職行政教師保健因素以「工作環境」感受度較高，「行政考核」感受度較低。 四、 公立高職兼職行政教師呈現良好組織承諾。 五、 公立高職兼職行政教師在組織承諾上以「努力意願」感受度較高，「續任兼職傾向」感受度較低。 六、 二十年以上服務年資兼職行政工作教師有較高的整體激勵保健因素知覺。 七、 擔任「主任」之兼職行政工作教師有較高激勵保健因素知覺。 八、 50歲以上兼職行政工作教師有較高的組織承諾。 九、 男性、已婚、高年齡、高職務、高服務年資、非商工或工商職校者，有較高的續任兼職傾向與組織承諾。 十、 擔任主任之兼職行政工作教師有較高「組織承諾」。 十一、 兼職行政工作教師對激勵保健因素之知覺愈高則會有愈高的組織承諾。 十二、 激勵保健因素能有效預測兼職行政工作教師之組織承諾，其中又以「保健因素」最具預測力。 十三、激勵保健理論使用於公立高職兼職行政工作教師，部分符合。 依據以上結論，本研究提出下列建議 一、 對學校單位建議 （一）增加進修管道，培養行政人才 （二）建立健全考核制度，拔擢優秀兼職行政工作教師 （三）簡化行政程序，增加工作人力，均衡工作之質量 （四）建立優質工作環境，提升兼職行政工作教師組織承諾 （五）確立學校發展方向，提升兼職行政工作教師組織承諾 （六）積極培訓資淺兼職行政工作教師，強化行政工作發展 （七）重視年長及資深兼職行政工作教師，建立行政工作傳承 二、 對兼職行政工作教師建議 （一） 積極參與學習，追求個人與組織成長 （二） 適時表達意見，協助學校建立完善之行政考核制度 （三） 針對重視之激勵因素分層面，持續續探索工作之樂趣 （四） 適時自我調適，持續服務之熱忱 / The purpose of the paper was mainly to investigate into the relationship between the motivation-hygiene factor and the organizational commitment of part-time administrative teachers in the public vocational high school. We adopt the literature analyses and the questionnaire ways. The first step of this study was to collect the relevant backgrounds with regard to the motivation-hygiene factors and the organizational commitments. The relevant literatures were proceeded the investigation, the discussion and the analysis and then these data were established the framework. Secondly, the Ministry of Education in 2005 year investigates the part-time administrative teachers of public vocational high school, and the questionnaire of the motivation-hygiene factor and the organizational commitment become the research instrument and they were used. The questionnaire uses the sampling module in Taiwan. We issue the 644 questionnaires, and we retrieve 635 copies. However, the 609 copies are valid questionnaires among the 635 copies. Therefore, the data validation rate was 94.6﹪. Finally, we use the statistics methods, including descriptive analysis, one-way Anova, Parsons product-moment correlation and multiple stepwise regressions to analyze the collected data. The study obtains the conclusions as follows. （a） The part-time administrative teachers in public vocational high school possessed the perception of the middle degree in the motivation-hygiene factor. （b） Among three motivation factors, the part-time administrative teachers in public vocational high school possessed higher perception in “work” and they possessed lower perception in “growth and learning”. （c） Among three hygiene factors, the part-time administrative teachers in the public vocational high school possessed higher perception in “work environment” and they possessed lower perception in “administration and personnel examination”. （d） The part-time administrative teachers in the public vocational high school reached higher than mid-level perception in organizational commitment. （e） Among the three factors of the organizational commitment, the part-time administrative teachers in the public vocational high school possessed higher perception about the willingness and the effort, and they possessed lower perception about remaining position. （f） If the part-time administrative teachers in the public vocational high school exceed 20 years, they possessed higher perception in the motivation-hygiene factor. （g） Teacher who is serving as managers possessed higher perception in the motivation factors. （h） The part-time administrative teachers over 50 years old possessed higher perception about the organizational commitment. （i） A man, the married, high years, high position, high seniority, commercial & industrial vocational high school and industrial & commercial vocational high school possessed lower the remaining position about the organizational commitment. （j） The managers of the part-time administrative teachers possessed higher perception about the organizational commitment. （k） Supposing the perception of the motivation-hygiene factor is more and more high, the part-time administrative teachers also possessed higher the organizational commitment. （l） The motivation-hygiene factor efficaciously predicted the organizational commitment of the part-time administrative teachers. For instance, the hygiene factor possessed higher prediction. （m） The motivation-hygiene theory conformed to the part-time administrative teachers in public vocational high school. According to the above-mentioned conclusion, this study proposes the following results: To the school: （a） It should increase the way of the further education and cultivate the administrative personnel （b） It constructs better testing system and the school take care of the excellent part-time administrative teachers. （c） It simplifies the administration systems and enhances human resources thus balancing its quality and quantity. （d）It constructs better working environment to enhance the organizational commitment of the part-time administrative teachers. （e） It establishes developing direction to enhance the organizational commitment of the part-time administrative teachers. （f） It actively cultivates the young part-time administrative teachers to strengthen working development. （g） It should pay attention to the senior part-time administrative teachers to construct the administrative continuance. To the part-time administrative teachers: （a） They should actively participate in learning and to chase the growth from the individual to the organization. （b） They suitably express the opinion, thus they help the school to establish the administrative testing system. （c） They aim at the motivating factors highlighted to explore working funs. （d） They are suitably the self- adjustment, and to continue the enthusiastic service.

本研究旨在探討基隆市區公所公務人員「個人與組織契合度」、「工作壓力」與「組織承諾」之關係。透過普查的方式針對基隆市各區公所正式公務人員進行問卷調查，共發出282份問卷，回收271份，扣除廢卷及填答不完整者10份，有效問卷為261份。並運用次數分配、t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、Pearson相關分析及迴歸分析等方法進行統計分析，而研究發現如下： 一、不同「性別」、「年齡」的區公所公務人員在個人與組織契合度及各構面上有顯著差異。 二、不同「性別」、「年齡」和「家庭居住地」的區公所公務人員在工作壓力及各構面上有顯著差異。 三、不同「年齡」、「服務年資」和「婚姻狀況」的區公所公務人員在組織承諾及各構面上有顯著差異。 四、個人與組織契合度與組織承諾之間呈現顯著正相關。 五、工作壓力與組織承諾之間呈現顯著負相關。 六、個人與組織契合度對組織承諾有顯著的正向影響。 七、工作壓力對組織承諾有顯著的負向影響。 最後根據研究發現，分別就「政策」、「組織」和「個人」三層面提出建議，提供其他機關參考，並盼望上級長官能正視區公所公務人員組織承諾之情形，研擬相關因應方式以增強員工對機關之認同與承諾，使員工樂於留任於機關，奉獻其心力。 / This research discusses the relationship between the “Person-Organization Fit”, “Job Stress”, and “Organizational Commitment” of civil servants of the district offices in Keelung City. We handed out surveys to all civil servants of the district offices in Keelung City. A total of 282 questionnaires were handed out, 271 were collected, 10 were invalid or partially answered, resulting in 261 effective surveys. We used frequency distribution, t tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and regressive analysis to conduct statistic analysis. The following are the research findings: 1. Civil servants of different “gender” and “age” displayed major differences in Person-Organization Fit. 2. Civil servants of different “gender”, “age”, and “residential area” displayed major differences in Job Stress. 3. Civil servants of different “age”, “work years”, and “marital status” displayed major differences in Organizational Commitment. 4. Person-Organization Fit and Organizational Commitment displayed positive correlation. 5. Job Stress displayed negative effects toward Organizational Commitment. 6. Person-Organization Fit displayed positive effects toward Organizational Commitment. 7. Job Stress displayed major negative effects toward Organizational Commitment. Finally, we gave suggestions that were related to “policy”, “organization”, and “person” according to the research findings to other institutions for reference. We hoped that the superiors would begin taking notice of the Organizational Commitment of the civil servants, and come up with ways to enhance the employee’s recognition and honor toward their workplace, thus making them want to stay and continue working full heartedly.

本研究旨在瞭解臺北縣市高中教師知覺校長轉型領導與教師組織承諾的現況，並分析教師人口變項、學校環境變項在校長轉型領導以及教師組織承諾的差異情形，最後探討校長轉型領導與教師組織承諾之關係。 本研究以問卷調查法為主，訪談為輔，所稱「高中」校長，僅包括公立（含國立與縣市立）高級中學，不含私立高中與綜合高中。問卷調查法以自編「高中校長轉型領導與教師組織承諾調查問卷」（內含基本資料、校長轉型領導量表與教師組織承諾量表）為工具，對臺北縣市公立高中進行問卷調查。問卷以高中教師為調查對象，計調查41所學校，發出問卷668份、回收534份、有效問卷513份，可用率76.8%。調查所得資料分別以描述性統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關、多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法實施資料分析，據以進行研究結果的分析與討論。 研究結論如下： 一、目前高中校長轉型領導與教師組織承諾現況表現均屬中上程度。 二、在教師人口變項中，不同年齡、職務的教師在所知覺的校長轉型領導上具有顯著差異。其中以年齡較大教師以及兼任主任教師知覺的校長轉型領導程度較高。 三、在教師人口變項中，不同年齡、學歷、年資與職務的教師在教師組織承諾上具有顯著差異。其中以年齡較大教師、四十學分班結業、年資較久以及兼任主任之教師組織承諾較高。 四、在教師人口變項中，不同性別、學歷與年資教師在所知覺的校長轉型領導上沒有顯著差異。不同性別教師在教師組織承諾上沒有顯著差異。 五、在學校環境變項中，不同學校歷史與學校規模的教師在所知覺的校長轉型領導上具有顯著差異存在。其中以學校歷史為11-20年及學校規模為13-24班的教師知覺的校長轉型領導程度較高。 六、在學校環境變項中，不同學校性質、歷史與規模的教師在教師組織承諾上具有顯著差異。以學校歷史較久、班級數較多的一般高中教師組織承諾較高。 七、在學校環境變項中，不同學校性質、學校位置的教師在所知覺的校長轉型領導上沒有顯著差異。不同學校位置的教師在教師組織承諾上沒有顯著差異。 八、在不同性別校長與校長在本校年資變項中，教師所知覺的校長轉型領導有顯著差異，在教師組織承諾上沒有顯著差異。教師知覺男性校長與第一年在本校服務的校長轉型領導程度較高。 九、整體而言，高中校長轉型領導與教師組織承諾具有正相關。 十、校長轉型領導對於教師組織承諾具有預測力。 最後依據研究結果與結論，提出具體建議，以作為教育行政機關、學校校長以及未來研究的參考。 / This study aims to investigate the current situations of principals’ transformational leadership and teachers’ organizational commitment in senior high schools and to analyze the differences in teachers’ personal variables and school environmental variables concerning principals’ transformational leadership and teachers’ organizational commitment. Finally, it explores the relationship between principals’ transformational leadership and teachers’ organizational commitment. This study employs the research method of questionnaire surveys and interviews. There were two survey tools used in the study, including Principals’ Transformational Leadership Questionnaire, and Teachers’ Organizational Commitment Questionnaire. Six hundred and sixty eight subjects are randomly selected from forty-one public senior high schools in Taipei city and county. The number of effective samples is 513. The data are analyzed using the methods of description statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple stepwise regressions. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. The current situations of principals’ transformational leadership and the teachers’ organizational commitment in senior high schools are both above average. 2. Among teachers’ personal variables, there is significant difference in principals’ transformational leadership based on the two variables, teachers’ age and teachers' positions. Senior teachers and teachers with administrative affairs get higher scores. 3. Among teachers’ personal variables, there is significant difference in teachers’ organizational commitment based on the variables of teachers’ age, educational degrees, seniority and positions. Older and senior teachers, teachers who completed forty-credits in-service training courses and teachers with administrative affairs get higher scores. 4. Among teachers’ background variables, there is no significant difference in principal’s transformational leadership based on the variables of the teachers’ sex, educational degrees and seniority; and there is no significant difference in teachers’ organizational commitment between male and female teachers. 5. Among the school environmental variables, there is significant difference in principal’s transformational leadership based on the variables of the school’s history and scale. Teachers in schools older than ten years but less than twenty years and teachers in schools with the number of classes more than 13 but less than 24 get higher scores. 6. Among the school environmental variables, there is significant difference in teachers’ organizational commitment based on the variables of school type, history and scale. Teachers in older and bigger schools get higher scores. 7. Among the school environmental variables, there is no significant difference in principals’ transformational leadership based on the variables of school type and location .And there is no significant difference in teachers’ organizational commitment for teachers who serve in different school locations. 8. Based on the variables of principals’ sex and serving years in the school, there is significant difference in principal’s transformational leadership, but there is no significant difference in teachers’ organizational commitment. Male principals and the principal serving for the first year in the school get higher scores. 9. In general ,there is positive correlation between principals’ transformational leadership and teachers’ organizational commitment. 10. Principals’ transformational leadership can serve to predict teachers’ organizational commitment. In the end, based on the findings and conclusions of this research, some suggestions are given to our educational administration authorities, senior high principals and future studies for reference.

因2008年9月爆發的全球金融海嘯，全球企業無不面臨到空前之危機，諸多企業不斷在進行組織瘦身，希望汰去一些沉重的負擔。在人力資源政策上 ，企業一方面思考如何精簡人事，在營運成本上壓縮一些資本空間以因應前途未卜之產業環境；二方面也不斷在思考如何讓留下來的人力最大效益的分配。然而，在這個人心惶惶的情境下，企業必須要讓員工重拾對組織的信心，讓深受打擊的士氣能夠為之一振，重新認同組織之價值觀以及信念，進而願意為組織目標而付出，並繼續留任為組織貢獻，為達成此目的，內部行銷是許多公司採行的策略。 換句話說，把員工當作內部顧客，以傳統行銷的哲學以及手法，將組織(或工作)當產品銷售給員工，並透過滿足員工認知之期望程度，達到員工滿意度(或稱工作滿足)，進而從滿意度衍生出忠誠度，達到組織承諾。 為驗證三者之關係，並希冀了解在一歷經重大組織變動的企業是否真能有效提升員工滿意度以及組織承諾，因此選定一個案公司，並透過問卷收集以及統計分析，達成以下結論： 1. 人口統計變數在組織內部行銷認知程度、員工滿意度、以及組織承諾並無顯著差異，惟內部年資三至五年之員工員工滿意度以及組織承諾都較其他年資為低。 2. 組織內部行銷行為可以正向地影響員工滿意度，尤其是在管理支持以及人力資源管理活動兩構面。 3. 組織內部行銷行為可以正向地影響組織承諾，尤其是在管理支持以及內部溝通兩構面。 4. 員工滿意度可以正向地影響組織承諾。 5. 組織轉型並未顯著影響內部員工之員工滿意度以及組織承諾。 根據上述結論，給予個案公司內部行銷策略建議如下： 1. 將組織內部行銷責任與主管角色結合，並將主管角色從傳統的業務管理者，延伸為組織內部行銷負責人員。 2. 促進高階主管、中階主管以及基層主管之間的內部溝通，進而提升管理支持。 3. 工作時間彈性制。 4. 強化人才培育機制。 5. 人力資源部門內部應該是內部行銷執行的首要單位。 / For the impact of the global ecomomics crisis occruing in September, 2008, most of the glocal companies have faced the most significant businness recession since World War II. To overcome this challenge and maintain the existence in the global business world, most companies have tried to lessen down the unnecessary operational expence. Labor cost is definitely considerated into the cost-down plan, companies have to think of 2 things: one is how to squeeze some cash from decreasing the employee numbers, but also how to mazximize the human resource vlaues for the rest. Under this risky contingency, the employees who were remaining to be hired are not free from the worry to get fired, and naturally losing the faith to the organization. Companies need to rebuild the faith and recognition from employess in ofer to gain their trust, and willingness of devotion to the company goals. To realize this intention, “Internal Marketing”is considered as one of the most effective approaches, with the extension from Marketing philosophy and methods, treating your comployess as internal customers, and try your best to win customer satisfaction, will will bring customer loyalty and commitment in sequence. To verify the relationship among “Internal Marketing (IM)”, “Employee Satisafactions (ES)”, and “Organizational Commitment (OC)”, a quantitative and qualitative research is conducted, with the hope the reliaze if it works practically within an organization which just faced a major organizational change. A technology company is chosen to be the case as research target, and a questionnaire survey is used to collect employees’ opinions, throught the statistics analysis, certain conclusions are made as the following: 1. Variance of interviewees doesn’t present significant variance in the statistical aspect in any of the three factors. However, on the group with internal scenarity between 3~5 years have shown a significant variance, which the average the score is lower than all the other groups. 2. Organzational internal marketing behaviors can positively influence the levels of employee satisfactions, especially in the aspects of “Management support” and “Human Resource Management Activities” 3. Organzational internal marketing behaviors can positively influence the levels of Organizaitonal Commitment, especially in the aspects of “Management support” and “Internal Communication” 4. Employee Satisfaction can positively influence organizational commitments. 5. The levels of “ES” and “OC” between the two groups: one is the group of senior employees who have encountered the major change, and the other is the group of junior employees who have’t, doesn’t show siginificant variance in statistics. According to the conclusions drawn above, we’ve proposed the following suggstions as reference for the company’s internal marketing strategy: 1. Conbine the role and reasponsibitliy of a internal marketed into the role of managers. 2. Prorvide more mutual communication channels between different levels of managers, so they can have adequate information about the company, then they can play as the internal marketer to effectvively improve employees’ recognition of management support and internal communication. 3. Flexibility of office hours to satisfy employees’needs in the balance of workload and personal life quality. 4. Strenthen and diversify the talent development mechanism. 5. Human resource department should play the role as pioneer and facilitator in the execution of organizational internal marketing plan.

Increasingly, organisations are realising that they have to establish an equitable balance between the employee&rsquo / s contribution to the organisation and the organisation&rsquo / s contribution to the employee. Establishing this balance is one of the main reasons to reward and recognise employees. Organisations that follow a strategic approach to creating this balance focus on the three main components of a reward system, which includes, compensation, benefits and recognition (Deeprose, 1994). Studies that have been conducted on the topic indicates that the most common problem in organisations today is that they miss the important component of recognition, which is the low-cost, high-return ingredient to a well-balanced reward system. A key focus of recognition is to make employees feel appreciated and valued (Sarvadi, 2005). Research has proven that employees who get recognised tend to have higher self-esteem, more confidence, more willingness to take on new challenges and more eagerness to be innovative (Mason, 2001). The aim of this study is to investigate whether rewards and recognition has an impact on employee motivation. A biographical and Work Motivation Questionnaire was administered to respondents (De Beer, 1987). The sample group (N= 184) consists of male and female employees on post-grade levels 5 to 12. The results of the research indicated that there is a positive relationship between rewards, recognition and motivation. The results also revealed that women, and employees from non-white racial backgrounds experienced lower levels of rewards, recognition and motivation. Future research on the latter issues could yield interesting insights into the different factors that motivate employees. Notwithstanding the insights derived from the current research, results need to be interpreted with caution since a convenience sample was used, thereby restricting the generalisability to the wider population.

Motivation is considered to be the desired positive willingness that prompts a person to action. The factors that influence or lead to this positive willingness, are considered to be motivation factors, and include specific needs, wants, drives or impulses (Hersey &amp / Blanchard, 1988).<br /> <br /> People are motivated by different things, both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. For some, it is power and money that motivate them while for others, it is flexibility or a social workplace. According to Herzberg&rsquo / s theory, intrinsic factors are motivators or satisfiers and can be described as a person's relationship with what she or he does, many related to the tasks being performed (Buitendach &amp / De Witte, 2005 / Mehta, Anderson &amp / Dubinsky, 2000). Extrinsic factors, also known as hygiene factors or dissatisfiers, have to do with a person's relationship to the context or environment in which she or he performs a job (Buitendach &amp / De Witte, 2005 / Mehta et al., 2000). Some individuals are highly motivated by both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards. This is supported in a study amongst medical students (Beswick, 2002). In another study by Shim, Gehrt and Goldsberry (1999), it was found that students entering a career in retail viewed intrinsic aspects as the most important predictor of a retail career, followed by lifestyle flexibility aspects and then extrinsic aspects. Furthermore, research within a service organisation has indicated that various biographical factors have an influence on work motivation (Bezuidenhout, 2001). However, limited research has been conducted to determine whether biographical factors have an influence on work motivation within the retail industry.<br /> <br /> The aim of the study was to investigate the motivation of retail managers in a retail organisation in the Western Cape. Furthermore, it investigates whether the motivation levels of retail managers are influenced by their biographical variables. The Work Satisfaction and Motivation Questionnaire developed by De Beer (1987) and a self-developed biographical questionnaire was administered to elicit work content, promotion, supervision, reward and recognition in relation to work motivation. The questionnaires were distributed to the target population (n=236) of retail managers which were inclusive of store managers, store assistant managers and department managers. Convenience sampling was used to draw a sample (n=109) of male and female retail managers. Statistical analyses involved both descriptive and inferential statistics (ANOVA, Multiple Regression Analysis, Pearson&rsquo / s Correlation Co-efficient and Scheffe&rsquo / s test). The results revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between the investigated dimensions of work motivation and satisfaction. It was found that the investigated dimensions of motivation only account for 49.5% of the variance in total motivation experienced by retail managers. Furthermore, significant differences were found between the biographical variables and responses to the questionnaire. It is suggested, for future research that a proportionate stratified random sample be drawn which will allow the findings of the study to be reliably generalised to the population. Furthermore, it is also recommended that future research consider dimensions of motivation, such as, achievement, responsibility, security, autonomy, feedback and morale, which are not investigated in this study.

The role of social capital in forming organizational commitment is the focus of this research. Organizational social capital is the idea that social relationships have value in the organization. The theoretical framework is based on Kanter's (1993) structure of organizational commitment. This research views the structure within organizations based on global empowerment, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and social capital. In addition, the role that race, income, and education affect the organizational structure is also taken into account. The organizational configuration was assembled using a structural equation model with latent variables employing a sample of 235 certified nurse aides. The sample was collected from 10 nursing homes in the Dallas-Ft.Worth metropolitan area. It was expected that Kanter's general format is reestablished within the sample. In fact, the study found that empowerment significantly influences job satisfaction. In turn, job satisfaction does foster organizational commitment. Although Kanter's original thesis was supported in this analysis, it was also determined that social capital plays a significant mediating role in creating organizational commitment. Furthermore, this research indicates that social capital alone can create organizational commitment. Thus, in conclusion, this research builds on Kanter's original idea and argues that organizational commitment is based on job satisfaction, global empowerment, and social capital.

Le concept multidimensionnel de l’engagement organisationnel s’avère prépondérant dans les organisations de par son impact positif sur la santé mentale des travailleurs. D’ailleurs, plusieurs chercheurs montrent clairement l’existence d’un lien significatif entre l’engagement organisationnel et la santé mentale au travail. Toutefois, on remarque que les recherches à ce jour, se contredisent pour ce qui est du sens de la relation entre l’engagement organisationnel et les problèmes de santé mentale, dont la détresse psychologique. L’objectif principal de ce mémoire consiste à vérifier (a) le sens de la relation entre le construit multidimensionnel de l’engagement organisationnel et la détresse psychologique chez les travailleurs et les travailleuses, ainsi que (b) l’effet modérateur du genre sur la relation entre l’engagement organisationnel et la détresse psychologique. Les résultats ont été obtenus à partir d’une population d’étude composée de deux-cent-soixante-et-un répondants provenant d’une Société d’Assurance Canadienne. Les analyses factorielles ont démontré que l’engagement organisationnel est composé de quatre facteurs (affective, normative, continue et résignée). Les résultats obtenus révèlent donc quatre formes d’engagement organisationnel. Les analyses de régressions multiples stipulent que la composante affective et continue de l’engagement organisationnel s’avère significativement reliée de façon négative à la détresse psychologique. Autrement dit, les employés engagés de façon affective et continue au travail, risquent moins de souffrir de détresse psychologique. Par ailleurs, la composante résignée se montre significativement reliée, mais de façon positive à la détresse psychologique. Donc, un travailleur engagé de façon résignée au travail, augmente ses probabilités de souffrir de détresse psychologique. Cependant, l’engagement normatif n’est pas significativement associé à la détresse psychologique. Enfin, le genre exerce un effet modérateur sur seulement une composante de l’engagement organisationnel, soit l’affective. Les retombées de ces résultats sont discutées. / The multi-dimensional concept of organizational commitment is a key criterion of the quality of mental health in the work life. Moreover, many researchers clearly showed that organizational commitment is associated with mental health. However, many studies, up to today, contradict themselves to determine the direction of the relationship between organizational commitment and mental health problems, including psychological distress. The aim of the study is to determine (a) the direction of the relationship between the multidimensional construct of organizational commitment and psychological distress among men and women workers, and (b) whether the gender status acts as a moderator of the relationship between organizational commitment and psychological distress. The results were obtained from a population of two hundred and sixty-one workers from a Canadian insurance company. The study found that organizational commitment is a four component construct (affective, normative, continuance, resigned). The multiple regression analysis revealed that affective and continuance commitment influence negatively psychological distress. More specifically, an employee displaying a strong affective or continuance commitment, is less likely to experience psychological distress at work. Moreover, the results of our study suggest that “resigned” commitment influences positively psychological distress. Therefore, workers showing signs of resignation at work, are more likely to experience psychological distress. However, results indicate that normative commitment is not associated with psychological distress. Finally, the gender status only acts as a moderator of the relationship between affective commitment and psychological distress. The implications of these results are discussed.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

L’objectif de ce mémoire est de comprendre l’impact de la justice organisationnelle sur l’engagement organisationnel des travailleurs du secteur des technologies de l’information et des communications (TIC). Afin d’étudier ce sujet, trois hypothèses de recherche ont été formulés à partir des théories suivantes : 1- la théorie des attentes d’Adams (1965), 2- la théorie de l’échange social de Blau (1964) et 3- la théorie de Leventhal (1980). La première hypothèse stipule que, toutes choses étant égales par ailleurs, la justice distributive fait augmenter l’engagement affectif des travailleurs du secteur des TIC. La seconde hypothèse indique que toutes choses étant égales par ailleurs, la justice procédurale fait augmenter l’engagement affectif des travailleurs du secteur des TIC. La dernière hypothèse énonce que toutes choses étant égales par ailleurs, la justice procédurale a un impact plus important sur l’engagement affectif des travailleurs du secteur des TIC que la justice distributive. Les données utilisées proviennent d’une enquête par questionnaires électroniques auprès de l’ensemble des nouveaux employés d’une entreprise d’envergure internationale du secteur des TIC ayant un établissement à Montréal. Les employés ont été sondés à trois reprises. Les résultats indiquent que la justice distributive fait augmenter l’engagement affectif auprès des travailleurs, ce qui appuie la première hypothèse. Ils démontrent également qu’il n’existe aucune relation statistiquement significative entre la justice procédurale et l’engagement affectif. Seule la justice distributive a un effet sur l’engagement affectif du travailleur. Les résultats montrent l’existence de relations significatives et positives entre trois des variables de contrôle et l’engagement affectif. Il s’agit de : 1- travail sous supervision, 2- soutien organisationnel perçu et 3- satisfaction intrinsèque. / The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the impact of organizational justice on the organizational commitment of workers in the Information Technology and Telecommunications (ITC) sectors. In order to investigate this subject, we have formulated three hypotheses based on the following three theories: 1- Adams’ theory of expectations (1965), 2- Blau’s social exchange theory (1964) and 3- Leventhal’s theory (1980). The first hypothesis states that distributive justice increases worker’s affective commitment. The second hypothesis stipulates that procedural justice increases worker’s affective commitment. The last hypothesis states that distributive justice has a stronger influence on worker’s affective commitment than procedural justice. In order to test our hypotheses, we used data from an electronic-questionnaire. This questionnaire was addressed to all new hires of a global company in the ITC sector based in Montreal. Employees were surveyed at three separate occasions. The findings of this study confirm one of the research hypotheses. Indeed, results show that distributive justice increases worker’s affective commitment. Results also demonstrate that there is no statistically significant relationship between procedural justice and affective commitment. Only distributive justice has an effect on workers’ affective commitment. Finally, results show the existence of a significant and positive relationship between three control variables and affective commitment. These are: 1- Supervised work experience, 2- Perceived organizational support and 3-Intrinsic satisfaction.