Japan is facing a great demographic shift, where by 2050 more than 40% of it's inhabitants will be over the age of 65 years. The womens emencipation from the role of stay at home mothers has allowed them to have careers of their own, although a good thing it does not leave a lot of room for starting a family in Japan's hard working climate. This new cultural norm has collided with the the long tradition of family care and Japan is now facing a large cultural collision, where there is a great lack of working solutions for child and senior care. The project suggests a prototypical intergenerational day care center for elderly and children in Tokyos dense now-rise residential neighborhoods. This form of care started being built in America during the 90's and has prooven to provide some of the best care availible for elderly and children. / Japan möter i dagsläget ett stort demografiskt skifte, till år 2050 kommer mer än 40% av befolkningen att vara över 65 år gamla. Kvinnornas frigörelse från hemmet har tillåtit dem att påbörja egna arbetsliv och karriärer, vilket inte lämnar mycket rum för att starta egen familj i Japans hårda arbetsklimat. Denna nya kulturella norm har kolliderat med den traditionella familjevården och Japan står idag utan en bra lösning för barn- och äldrevård. Det föreslagna projektet är ett prototypiskt intergenerationellt dagvårdscenter för barn och seniorer i Tokyos täta lågbebyggda bostadsområden. Intergenerationell vård började byggas under 90-talet i USA och har visat sig ge bland den bästa vården tillgänglig för barn och äldre.

This study is concerned with Japan’s National Capital Region Development Plan. How to modify the capital plan and some of the correlative land policies of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government to more fully protect regional air and water quality is the problem dealt with in the study.

published_or_final_version / Asian Studies / Master / Master of Arts

Tokyo est une ville mature qui se caractérise par une contraction de sa population active à la suite du vieillissement démographique et par une stagnation de ses indicateurs économiques (Produit Urbain Brut, prix immobiliers, stagflation). Néanmoins, malgré cet état, le tissu urbain de ses espaces centraux a été rénové à un rythme soutenu à partir du tournant des années 2000. Le dynamisme de la livraison de tours de grande hauteur contraste avec le contexte de maturité. La politique de renaissance urbaine mise en place en 2002 par le gouvernement central participe de la grande mutation des espaces centraux et péri‐centraux de la capitale japonaise. Elle permet d’articuler acteurs publics et privés autour d’opérations de rénovation urbaine de grande ampleur, qui concentrent les investissements dans des espaces précis. Ce travail de recherches doctorales analyse les impacts de la maturité urbaine sur la production immobilière et les recompositions spatiales du tissu tokyoïte, en interrogeant la mutation des stratégies des acteurs publics et privés impliqués dans la fabrique urbaine. La maturité est au cœur des questionnements : qu’est ce qu’une ville « mature » ? Comment continuer de créer de la richesse dans un contexte de quasi stagnation économique et démographique ? Cette thèse de doctorat aboutit à trois constats. La ville mature évolue peu à l’échelle macro, mais connaît d’intenses recompositions internes aux échelles méso et micro, traduisant une maximisation de la concurrence et de la compétition entre acteurs et entre territoires. Fruit de cette concurrence généralisée, Tokyo se recompose en points chauds qui concentrent les investissements et en points froids sur‐déprimés dans lesquels les pertes économiques et démographiques sont importantes. Afin de maintenir des taux de rentabilité intéressants pouvant garantir les opérations de renaissance urbaine, un nouveau régime d’accumulation du capital se met en place : un régime d’accumulation « dynamique ». Ce nouveau régime maximise les profits en accélérant la rotation du capital et des investissements immobiliers par le biais d’une obsolescence accélérée du bâti et par la mise en place d’une rotation cyclique des investissements par catégorie (bureau, Résidentiel de luxe, équipement, hôtellerie de luxe). La Contrepartie en est la contraction continue des espaces économiquement rentables ou intéressants les investisseurs privés. La Ville mature entraîne alors une contraction spatiale et temporelle des investissements et aboutit à des logiques de plus en plus concentrées et de plus en plus court‐termistes. / Tokyo is a mature city characterized by two elements: its working population shrinks because of the demographic ageing, and its economic indicators stagnate (Growth Urban Product, real estate prices, stagflation). Nevertheless, in stead of this state, the urban frame of central spaces has been rapidly renewed since the turn of the 2000s. The dynamism of high rise building construction contrasts with the urban context. The urban renaissance policy initiated in 2002 by the central government encourages the great transformation of Tokyo’s central and sub‐central spaces. It allows to articulate public and private agents developing big urban renaissance projects, which concentrate investments in few urban spaces. This doctoral research work analyzes the impacts of urban maturity on real estate activities and on spatial restructurations of Tokyo’s urban frame. It investigates the strategy mutations of public and private agents involved in urban making. Maturity is the core of this PhD: What is a « mature » city? How to continue to create values in such a context of economic and demographic stagnation? This PhD thesis makes three conclusions. The mature city slightly changes at the macro scale, but faces intense internal recomposition at the meso and micro scales. It maximizes competition between agents and territories. As a result of this general competition, Tokyo is recomposed in hot spots, where are concentrated the investments, and in cold spots where economic and demographic losses are important. In order to maintain interessant rentability levels, a new capital accumulation regime appears: a « dynamic » capital accumulation regime. This new regime maximizes profits by speeding the rotation of capital and real estate investments speeding up the obsolescence of buildings and developing a cycle rotation of investments by category (commercial, residential, equipments, hotels). The counterpart is the shrinkage of economically profitable spaces. The mature city is therefore characterized by a spatial and temporal shrinkage of investments, and leads to more and more concentrated and more and more short- termist logics.

Cette recherche menée en anthropologie, questionne le monde global au travers de l'étude des blogs de mode issus de Paris, New York et Tokyo.En tant que support de l’Internet qui permet de se raconter au travers de la mode, le blog de mode est à la fois expression personnelle et partage à l’autre, il donne ainsi à voir la construction d’une image de soi sous-tendue par des processus mimétique et de distinction. L’établissement du soi au travers du blog de mode est une porte d’entrée privilégiée pour pouvoir étudier au travers de celui-ci et à partir des motivations à pratiquer le blog, le rapport qu’entretient une bloggeuse à elle-même mais aussi aux autres. La compréhension de la pratique du blog de mode par les bloggeuses est le premier axe de cette recherche.Le blog de mode est aussi des images. Des images spécifiques dont les mécanismes s’établissent au travers de l’Internet, des images dites, dans cette recherche, bloggées. Celles- ci posent le décor au blog mais représentent surtout la matérialisation d’un transfert d’une expérience faite de la mode préalablement vécue dans la ville de Paris, New York ou Tokyo, à une expérience de la mode enrichie, prolongée et vécue autrement sur le blog de mode. Le constat de la reconfiguration de cette expérience cristallisée dans les images bloggées, impose comme second axe de recherche à cette thèse, de comprendre la possibilité du passage de la ville au blog, et la particpation de ces deux dimensions à un paysage global. Le paysage ingoldien dans sa réalité spatiale, matérielle et temporelle, permet alors d’appréhender un processus d’incorporation du paysage de la ville à celui du blog et permet de comprendre la constitution de l’un par l’autre, dans le partage d’un réel commun.Le blog de mode enfin, porte en lui des éléments communicationnels. Dans le contexte de l’Internet, ces éléments ont la particularité de se situer dans une logique majoritairement interactionnelle. Au travers de mécanismes mettant en jeu des flux et reflux s’établissant entre les trois villes de l’étude, il est alors nécessaire de comprendre la circulation des images sur ces supports, autant au travers des actions menées par les bloggeuses que par les structures et fonctionnalités qui portent et encadrent cette action. Au travers d’une approche compréhensive du blog de mode et des mécanismes de circulation, il est alors possible d’envisager sa participation à une médiation transculturelle et plus généralement de formation d’un lien social.Tout au long de cette approche compréhensive du blog de mode, cette recherche établie sur quatre ans vise à faire ressortir des éléments d’actualisation dans la pratique du blog et dans ce qui le compose (bloggeuse, paysage, circulation). C’est sur le constat à la fois des actualisations spécifiques du blog de mode et de sa participation à un monde global dans lequel il s’insère et auquel il prend activement part, que cette recherche permet in fine de dégager plus largement les particularismes naissants d'un monde reconfiguré, qui se recompose et repense son existence à chaque instant.En prenant le blog de mode pour objet de recherche et s’inscrivant en anthropologie, cette thèse questionne en arrière plan, l’absence d’une anthropologie de la mode comme champ de recherche établi et spécifiquement nommé. Une réflexion est ainsi menée sur la nécessité d’emprunt à des champs multiples de l’anthropologie et à d’autres disciplines pour questionner l’objet mode, et laisse à penser une anthropologie de la mode comme étant encore une anthropologie sans nom. / This research conducted in anthropology, questions the global world through the study of fashion blogs from Paris, New York and Tokyo. As a medium of the Internet that allows you to tell yourself through fashion, the fashion blog is both personal expression and sharing with the other, it gives to see the construction of a self-image under extended by mimetic and distinguishing processes. The establishment of the self through the fashion blog is a privileged entry point to study through it and from the motivations to practice the blog, the relationship that a blogger maintains to itself but also to others. The bloggers' understanding of blogging is the primary focus of this research. The fashion blog is also pictures. Specific images whose mechanisms are established through the Internet, images said in this research as "blogged". These set the scene for the blog but mostly represent the materialization of a transfer of an experience made of fashion previously experienced in the city of Paris, New York or Tokyo, an experience of fashion then enriched, extended and lived otherwise on the fashion blog. The observation of the reconfiguration of this experience crystallized in the images blogged, imposes as a second line of research to this thesis, to understand the possibility of the passage of the city to the blog, and the participation of these two dimensions in a global landscape. The Ingoldean landscape in its spatial reality, material and temporal, allows then to apprehend a process of incorporation of the landscape of the city to that of the blog and allows to understand the constitution of one by the other, in the sharing of a common real. Finally, the fashion blog carries with it communication elements. In the context of the Internet, these elements have the particularity of being situated in a logic that is mainly interactional. Through mechanisms involving ebb and flow between the three cities of the study, it is necessary to understand the circulation of images on these media, as much through the actions of bloggers as by the structures and features that carry and frame this action. Through a comprehensive approach of the fashion blog and circulation mechanisms, it is then possible to consider its participation in a transcultural mediation and more generally the formation of a social link. Throughout this comprehensive approach of the fashion blog, this research established over four years aims to bring out elements of actualization in the practice of the blog and in what composes it (blogger, landscape, circulation). It is on the observation of both the specific updates of the fashion blog and its participation in a global world in which it is inserted and in which it takes an active part, that this research ultimately makes it possible to identify more widely the emerging particularities of a reconfigured world, which recomposes itself and rethinks its existence at every moment. Taking the fashion blog as a research subject and registering in anthropology, this thesis questions in the background, the absence of an anthropology of fashion as an established and specifically named field of research. A reflection is thus conducted on the necessity of borrowing from multiple fields of anthropology and other disciplines to question the fashion object, and suggests an anthropology of fashion as still being a nameless anthropology.

The wind bands in Japan are considered by many scholars and wind band conductors to be among some of the finest ensembles in today's wind ensemble medium. The literature and repertoire of Japanese ensembles have evolved from orchestral transcriptions, patriotic music, and military marches to original compositions by European, American, and Japanese composers. British conductor Timothy Reynish states that Japanese wind band music has looked traditionally towards the United States and occasionally United Kingdom for inspiration and repertoire. This phenomenon can be attributed to the many collegiate American and the few English wind band conductors who traveled to Japan as guest conductors, and in some cases, became residents of Japan. The focus of this study is to closely examine this significant impact of American collegiate wind band conductors, their influence on Japanese programming and how that programming has affected the collegiate repertoire. This study includes surveys of repertoire, concert programs, discographies of recordings, and interviews with prominent American conductors currently conducting in Japan. This research documents the impact that American wind band conductors have had on the programming of Japanese wind bands and how their influence have altered the collegiate repertoire. Evidence of this impact is documented by Toshio Akiyama, who states that "The influence of visiting musicians from abroad must be measured as one of the most influential aspects affecting Japanese band growth. Although the effect of Japanese musicians traveling to the United States or Europe has been beneficial, the overall impact on large numbers of people has been more directly due to the visitors from abroad."

Abstract Last century witnessed the increase of metropolitan regions and much attention has been paid on them. The concept of megacity appeared during the development process of metropolitan regions. Due to the rapid urbanisation and the population explosion in China, there are three main megacities which have great influence on the national economy. In this thesis, we choose one of the main megacities - Beijing megacity, as our case and the research question is how to strengthen the polycentricity of Beijing megacity to achieve more balanced development. In order to find out the answers to the research question, the concepts of metropolitan region, megacity and polycentric megacity are discussed in the conceptual section of this thesis. The empirical section analyses the Tokyo megacity and Los Angeles megacity on purpose of finding the lessons and experiences that could be learned and applied to strengthen the polycentric characters of Beijing megacity. In the case study chapters, firstly we analyses the problems of monocentric Beijing municipality, then we suggest the approaches of being polycentric Beijing megacity where Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan participate actively.

The general motivation behind my research interests is a desire to find ways of harnessing the system of Japan¡¦s Intellectual Property Trust and Technology Transfer . The majority of my research work has focused on the development and validation of Secondary Data Analysis¡BHistorical trend research method and Induction research methods used to address Japan's Intellectual Property Trust system. My initial research focus was on Japan's Intellectual Property Trust system after 1980's Japan-US trade friction and after revised Trust Business Law in 2004. My thesis is committed to exploring the Japan¡¦s Intellectual Property Trust and Technology Transfer system, this thesis is divided into five chapters, to explore the Intellectual Property Trust and Technology Transfer system between Taiwan and Japan, to explain how the Japanese government actively utilize the economic benefits of Technology Licensing Organization¡BIntellectual Property Trust and Technology Transfer, active innovation expertise and knowledge production mode, and by the proposed University of Tokyo and Tsukuba University case study to explore the planning of the legal system under the current system in Taiwan. Therefore, the future of Taiwan's technology transfer organization is faced with strengthening its function and transformation, in addition to proper management of intellectual property rights. Thus Taiwan government must achieve its objectives of utilizing the intellectual property trust model. While Taiwan today is facing the opportunity of the reform of intellectual property rights of thinking, she should not overlook the effectiveness of his country.

This study examines the connection between organizational crisis communication and sensemaking. In particular, the research focuses on messages of instructing, adjusting and reputation management and the use of social media in distributing these messages through and by the Tokyo Disney Resort during the earthquake/tsunami/nuclear crisis that hit Japan in 2011. Case study methods are used to analyze news coverage, Twitter and YouTube videos, informed by personal interviews and documentation related to the crisis and the Tokyo Disney Resort. The analysis found that the Tokyo Disney Resort provided messages of instructing, adjusting and reputation management in order to effectively foster the sensemaking process, which was corroborated by personal communication with cast members. Messages of instruction were delivered regularly through a park-wide speaker system and cast members who also provided instruction to minimize harm. Adjusting information was evident in effectively taking care of guests’ physical and psychological needs through provision of food, water, blankets, etc. and by keeping them updated about the status of the outside world. Finally, messages of reputation management were apparent in the Resort’s willingness to put people above profit by sacrificing food, products and money to help victims of the disaster.

Thesis (Th. M.)--Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, 1998. / Vita. Bound with 2 copies of leaf 10; numbering and text undisturbed. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 167-171).