In satellite communications, non-linear interference is created by the non-linear power amplifier aboard the satellite. Even in the case of a memoryless power amplifier, the channel is a non-linear system with memory due to the presence of linear filters on ground and aboard the satellite. The non-linear interference degrades the system performance, especially when considering high-order modulations or in case of several signals being amplified by the same power amplifier. In this thesis, we have proposed algorithms at the transmitter and at the receiver to digitally compensate this interference. In particular, a new predistortion algorithm has been proposed, which significantly improves state-of-the-art algorithms. Since the complexity of this algorithm is an issue, low-complexity algorithms have also been proposed and achieve almost the same performance as the initial algorithm. We have also proposed joint predistortion and turbo-equalization algorithms to further improve the system performance. / En communications par satellite, de l’interférence non-linéaire est créée par l’amplificateur de puissance non-linéaire à bord du satellite. Même si l’amplificateur peut être considéré comme sans mémoire, le canal est malgré tout un système non-linéaire avec mémoire de par la présence de filtres linéaires au sol ou à bord du satellite. L'interférence non-linéaire dégrade les performances du système, en particulier lorsqu’on considère des modulations d’ordre élevé ou plusieurs signaux amplifiés par le même amplificateur de puissance. Dans cette thèse, nous avons proposé des algorithmes à l’émetteur et au récepteur pour compenser numériquement cette interférence. En particulier, nous avons proposé un nouvel algorithme de prédistorsion qui améliore de façon significative les algorithmes de l’état-de-l’art. La complexité de l’algorithme étant très élevée, nous avons proposé des algorithmes de plus faible complexité atteignant pratiquement les mêmes performances par rapport à l’algorithme initial. Nous avons aussi proposé des algorithmes de prédistorsion et d’égalisation conjointes, permettant d'atteindre des performances plus élevées qu'avec la prédistorsion seule. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The aerodynamic integration of an aero-engine intake system with the airframe can pose some notable challenges. This is particularly so for many military air- craft and is likely to become a more pressing issue for both new military systems with highly embedded engines as well as for novel civil aircraft configurations. During the late 1960s with the advent of turbo-fan engines, industry became in- creasingly aware of issues which arise due to inlet total pressure distortion. Since then, inlet-engine compatibility assessments have become a key aspect of any new development. In addition to total temperature and total pressure distortions, flow angularity and the associated swirl distortion are also known to be of notable con- cern. The importance of developing a rigorous methodology to understand the effects of swirl distortion on turbo-machinery has also become one of the major concerns of current design programmes. The goal of this doctoral research was to further the current knowledge on swirl distortion, and its adverse effects on engine performance, focusing on the turbo-machinery components (i.e. fans or compressors). This was achieved by looking into appropriate swirl flow descriptors and by correlating them against the compressor performance parameters (e.g loss in stability pressure ratios). To that end, a number of high-fidelity three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models have been developed using two sets of transonic rotors (i.e. NASA Rotor 67 and 37), and a stator (NASA Stator 67B). For the numerical purpose, a boundary condition methodology for the definition of swirl distortion patterns at the inlet has been developed. Various swirl distortion numerical parametric studies have been performed using the modelled rotor configurations. Two types of swirl distortion pattern were investigated in the research, i.e. the pure bulk swirl and the tightly-wound vortex. Numerical simulations suggested that the vortex core location, polarity, size and strength greatly affect the compressor performance. The bulk swirl simula- tions also showed the dependency on swirl strength and polarity. This empha- sized the importance of quantifying these swirl components in the flow distortion descriptors. For this, a methodology have been developed for the inlet-engine compatibility assessment using different types of flow descriptors. A number of correlations have been proposed for the two types of swirl distortion investigated in the study.

The thesis is concerned with multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives of modernization of compressor station for natural gas. This thesis is divided into practical part and theoretical part. The theoretical part will introduce historical development of the gas industry and the current state of the gas network in our country. The following describes a method for operating a compressor station, its technology units and existing operational processes. The theoretical part is a chapter that describes methods of multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives and a way of specifying the methods suitable for constructing weights of the criteria. The fifth chapter contains an application example, the aim of which is to choose the suitable way of modernization of the compressor station that would meet the requirements of planned projects. Creating recommendations for the management of the company fulfilled the goal of this thesis.

This thesis investigates the design and implementation of turbo codes over the GNU radio. The turbo codes is a class of iterative channel codes which demonstrates strong capability for error correction. A software defined radio (SDR) is a communication system which can implement different modulation schemes and tune to any frequency band by means of software that can control the programmable hardware. SDR utilizes the general purpose computer to perform certain signal processing techniques. We implement a turbo coding system using the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP), a widely used SDR platform from Ettus. Detail configuration and performance comparison are also provided in this research.

The demand for lower emission engines forces the car industry to build moreefficient engines. Turbocharged engines are on the rise, and better understandingof the heat transfer and efficiency of the turbocharger is needed to build better ones. A lot is known about the overall efficiency of the turbocharger, but not much is known about where the heat losses are located and how they interact with each other. This thesis presents a one dimensional model for heat exchange in the tur-bocharger and investigates how the heat flows from the hot exhaust gases to the cold intake air. Data is gathered by performing tests on a single scroll turbocharger in an engine test bench at Linköping University. The tests are focused on operating points where the air mass flow is low and neither the compressor nor the turbine works adiabatically. The results show that it is possible to estimate the heat flows together withthe efficiency of the turbine and compressor using only known parameters, elim-inating the need to add any new sensors to the engine.

Orientador: Kátia Lucchesi Cavalca Dedini / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T15:33:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vieira_LeonardoCarpinetti_D.pdf: 8387504 bytes, checksum: c4ddda686a98c9562fec4c86ff5f3a1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Este trabalho possui como principal objetivo analisar a influência da variação da temperatura e, consequentemente, da viscosidade do fluido lubrificante sobre o comportamento de mancais axiais lubrificados de geometria fixa. Foi implementado numericamente, para isto, um modelo termohidrodinâmico (THD) baseado na resolução da Equação de Reynolds generalizada e da Equação de Energia através do Método dos Volumes Finitos (MVF), permitindo a obtenção da distribuição de pressão e da distribuição de temperatura ao longo do filme de óleo presente entre o mancal estacionário e o colar do eixo em movimento. Os resultados de capacidade de carga axial do mancal e o seu comportamento dinâmico, cuja análise é feita através dos coeficientes equivalentes de rigidez e amortecimento do lubrificante, são comparados com os resultados obtidos através de um modelo exclusivamente hidrodinâmico (HD), isotérmico e isoviscoso, previamente desenvolvido, buscando-se compreender o grau de influência da variação da temperatura na análise de mancais deste tipo. A influência de uma gama de parâmetros geométricos envolvidos, tais como comprimento angular da rampa e do segmento e inclinação da rampa, também é analisada, com o objetivo de se definir parâmetros geométricos ótimos do mancal que resultam em uma maior capacidade de carga axial. A influência de parâmetros de operação, tais como velocidade de rotação e espessura mínima de fluido, também é analisada. Resultados experimentais obtidos através de uma bancada de testes montada com um turbocompressor são utilizados para se validar os resultados do modelo implementado numericamente e analisar o comportamento de um sistema real capaz de funcionar a velocidades de rotação muito altas e sujeito a esforços axiais abruptos e elevados / Abstract: The main aim of this work is to analyse the influence of the temperature variation and, as consequence, the viscosity variation of the lubricant fluid on the behaviour of lubricated fixed-geometry thrust bearings. For this purpose, a thermohydrodynamic (THD) model, based on the solution of the Generalized Reynolds¿ Equation and of the Energy Equation by use of a Finite Volume Method, was developed, enabling the calculation of both pressure and temperature distribution along the fluid film present between the stationary bearing and the rotating collar. The results of axial load capacity of the bearing and its dynamic behaviour, characterised by the equivalent stiffness and damping coefficients, are compared to the results obtained by a previously developed purely hydrodynamic (HD), isothermal and isoviscous model, with the objective of understanding the influence of the temperature variation on the analysis of this type of bearings. The influence of several geometric parameters, such as pad length, ramp length and slope of the ramp, is also analysed, with the objective of defining the optimum values that lead to a higher load capacity. Also, the influence of operating parameters as speed and minimum film thickness on the behaviour of the system is studied. Experimental results, obtained at a test rig mounted with a small turbocharger are used to validate the simulated results and analyse the behaviour of a real system, capable of supporting high speeds of rotation and severe and abrupt external loads / Doutorado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

The scope of this thesis investigates value added by a turbocharger with an associated motor-generator unit to a diesel engine used by a commercial vehicle. A thermodynamic model of the engine was prepared in GT-SUITE software. Case studies were primary focused on a reduction of specific fuel consumption as well as a nitrogen oxides production using an energy recuperation of exhaust gas. Furthermore, there are described potential benefits of using an electric assistance in order to increase an exhaust gas temperature during a steady state engine operation. Additionally, there is an investigation of potential benefits of a turbocharger assistance in a transition engine mode operating during rapid acceleration of the vehicle. The results of individual analysis will be taken into account for a selection of turbocharger regarding specific engine implementation. The results of simulation suggest that it is possible to lower specific fuel consumption, production of nitrogen oxides, as well as accelerate turbocharger response.

The content of this thesis is analysis of energy flows of the propulsion system in plug-in hybrid utility vehicle. Theoretical part of the thesis deals with electrically assisted turbochargers, which can positively influence engine characteristics. The following part analyses given diesel engine and utility vehicle in simulations in GT-Suite software, with simulations being performed on WLTC driving cycle. The results of the simulations demonstrate the relation between the usage of electrical and fuel energies and the driving cycle and show the engine operation points. By using optimal battery capacity, it is possible to save according to driving cycle more than 50 % energy consumed by the engine, directly influencing the fuel consumption. The results are possible to use as a guidance for moving the engine operation points and for sizing of the battery pack of hybrid utility vehicle according to real life application.

The submitted project deals with a complete design of a gearbox of a portable ground power generator designed for preflight preparation of helicopters. The gearbox has been designed to meet given specifications, which are based on required electrical parameters of the entire power unit and with regards to parameters of driving turbine engine. The introductory section deals with a kinematical design of transmission gears with regards to required parameters and design constraints. The kinematical design determines whole concept and resulting form of the gearbox. Next part deals with optimization of gearing, the design of wheel bearing, and design of oil system. The implementation part of the project consists in the engineering design of the gearbox, which was made in 3D environment Pro/Engineer. The design is reviewed and first operational results of manufactured and tested gearbox are discussed in the concluding section of this work.

Aeronautical telemetry systems have historically been implemented with constant envelope modulations like CPM. Shifts in system constraints including reduced available bandwidth and increased throughput demands have caused many in the field to reevaluate traditional methods and design practices. This work examines the costs and benefits of using APSK for aeronautical telemetry instead of CPM. Variable rate turbo codes are used to improve the power efficiency of 16- and 32-APSK. Spectral regrowth in nonlinear power amplifiers when driven by non-constant envelope modulation is also considered. Simulation results show the improved spectral efficiency of this modulation scheme over those currently defined in telemetry standards. Additionally, the impact of transitioning from continuous transmission to burst-mode is considered. Synchronization loops are ineffective in burst-mode communication. Data-aided feed forward algorithms can be used to estimate offsets in carrier phase, frequency, and symbol timing between the transmitter and the receiver. If a data-aided algorithm is used, a portion of the transmitted signal is devoted to a known sequence of pilot symbols. Optimum pilot sequences for the three synchronization parameters are obtained analytically and numerically for different system constraints. The alternating sequence is shown to be optimal given a peak power constraint. Alternatively, synchronization can be accomplished using blind algorithms that do not rely on a priori knowledge of a pilot sequence. If blind algorithms are used, the observation interval can be longer than for data-aided algorithms. There are combinations of pilot sequence length and packet length where data-aided algorithms perform better than blind algorithms and vice versa. The conclusion is that a sequential arrangement of blind algorithms operating over an entire burst performs better than a CRB-achieving data-aided algorithm operating over a short pilot sequence.