Flutter is a dynamic instability which can result in catastrophic failures of an air vehicle. Preventing flutter can be an important factor in the aircraft design, affecting the structural design. Thus, the weight and performance of the aircraft is also being affected. Understanding the role of each design factor of a wing on the onset of flutter can help designers on the flutter clearance of the aircraft. Analysis to predict flutter, ground vibration tests and flight flutter tests, which are performed to verify that the dedicated flight envelope is clear from flutter, are the most important certification processes in modern aviation. Flight flutter testing is a very expensive process. In flight flutter tests the air vehicle is instrumentated with exciters, accelerometers and transmitters to send the test data simultaneously to the ground station to be analyzed. Since flutter is a very severe instability, which develops suddenly, the data should be followed carefully by the engineers at the ground station and feedback should be provided to the pilot urgently when needed. Low test step numbers per flight, increases the cost of flutter testing. Increasing efforts in pre-flight test processes in flutter prediction may narrow the flight flutter test steps and decrease the costs. In this study, flutter prediction methods are investigated to aid the flutter test process. For incompressible flight conditions, some sample problems are solved using typical section model. Flutter solutions of a simple 3D wing are also performed via a coupled finite element linear aerodynamics approach using the commercial tool Nastran. 3D flutter solutions of the wing are compared with the typical section solutions to see how close can the typical section method predict flutter compared to the flutter analyis using the three dimensional wing model. A simulated flutter test method is introduced utilizing the two dimensional typical section method. It is shown that with a simple two dimensional typical section method, flutter test simulation can be performed successfully as long as the typical section model approximates the dynamic properties of the wing closely.

Academic self-concept (ASC) refers to one's beliefs about himself or herself in academic situations. ASC has been found to be moderately correlated with academic performance when ASC and academic outcome measures are in the same domain and at the same level of specificity. It was hypothesized that differentiating between ASC under typical versus maximal environmental press may increase its predictive validity by providing further specificity to items and thus greater reliability to ASC scales. In this study, a battery of assessments was administered to Georgia Tech undergraduates in order to examine the factor structure of new measures of typical and maximal ASC, as well as their predictive and construct validities. A two-factor model fit the data better than a one-factor model, but did not meet criteria for good fit. Most hypotheses about the relationship between typical and maximal ASC and other constructs were not supported, though gender differences were found which may indicate an interesting line of future research.

Abstract In recent years, domestic energy policy has continuously changed, especially, after a liberalization of electric power market opened, resulting into the power industry proprietor expected to has a stable electric power supply systems, high power generation, high thermal efficiency and low heat rate. They will consistently devise a way to propose a strategy of improved or enhanced in the light of a competitive footstone for electric force market. About 90% worldwide and 65% domestic electricity are generated by the thermal power plants, where the energy source is obtained from burning the fossil fuels. Therefore, Increasing the power generation capacity of thermal power plants will substantially raise to the percent reserve margin of to be smaller than 12% over the years. In Taiwan, the ambient temperature is always higher than 30oC at summer. When gas turbine has operated during peak, gave rise to deteriorate its power generation capability and often actually generated power lower 10% than based on a design condition of ISO 15oC. This study adopts a way which is not same as conventional method increased power generation capability of the thermal power plants. In other word, reducing the inlet air temperature to gas turbine, it will increase the air flow mass rate and the generated-power capacity. By means of EPRI Gate Cycle Software constructing a typical combined-cycle power plant, at the same time, to simulate and to search out an effective operating control strategy for the power plant with GTIAC. Furthermore, applying the electric chiller and the absorption chiller to combined-cycle power plant as an inlet air cooling system use thermodynamic and engineering analysis to discuss an extent of energy utilizing, the valuability of energy application, to access the economic effect of investing equipment to acquire an optimal balance point. Selecting the inlet air temperature 15oC,10oC and comparing the thermal performance of electric chiller with that of absorption chiller. Then, proposing a feasible suggestion to treat as an important reference criteration of improving present power GENSET and planning to install a thermal power plant for the electric power proprietor.

Typically developing Spanish-English bilingual children's production of twelve grammatical morphemes was analyzed for accuracy and described as a function of their English mastery, as indexed by mean length of utterance (MLU). Results revealed positive trends in morpheme accuracy as MLU increased. Despite a large degree of between subject variability, the data demonstrated general patterns that were consistent with previous literature, namely that the rate and trajectory of morpheme acquisition differs from monolingual norms, and that particular morphemes are predictably more and less challenging for bilingual children to produce accurately. MLU "cut-points" were suggested based on functional breaks in accuracy for several morphemes. / text

Due to enormous growth rates during the last couple of years CarSharing has become an interesting field of research. This Master Thesis focuses on the analysis of CarSharing users. For this purpose more than 37.000 participants of the "Große SrV-Vergleichsstädte"-Survey were taken into account. After a short literature review and some general information about the statistical methods, the thesis tries to work out some major characteristics of the typical CarSharing user. It will be shown, that a high income and a young age are of central importance. Also when analysing other variables different user quotas are observed, but can mostly be explained with different age or income levels. At the end a binary logit model is sugested to differ between users and non users, by using the previous analysed observed characteristics as input.

After having worked within the preschool and it’s system for a number of years, we have often reflected over the fact that many educators tend to look at children with language difficulties in several different ways, and many of them being conflicting. Something that might contribute to this problem is the fact that the term itself, language difficulties, is defined differently between individuals, who in turn affects the way educators and preschools deal with the problem. The aim of this study is to create an understanding of the problems related to language difficulties, and how it is being dealt with within the preschool environment. To achieve this we have chosen to work within a qualitative research approach, alongside a discourse analysis. The selection of informants we have chosen consists of ten, qualified educators. Within this study we have collected a variety of descriptions for the term language difficulties, and how these in turn affect the way that children’s language, the typical and the atypical, is developed. As reference material we have chosen to use the paper Med blicken på barnet - Om olikheter inom förskolan som diskursiv praktik, by Palla (2011), and we stick to this theoretical approach throughout the study. Furthermore, we will try to explain the language development of children through developmental psychology and language theories. Through the analysis of the results found in this study, we conclude that the definition and construction of the term language difficulties, varies greatly, but are always seen as correct and true by the individual behind it. This in turn affects the way that educators deal with the children that are affected. In this study, two reoccurring aspects to this have been found, namely, the age of the child, and the responsibility held by the preschool. These aspects seem to be important in forming the image that educators have of the matter, and furthermore shape the way that they value and deal with it.

Limited research has been done on naps, particularly in early childhood education centres (ECECs). The present study followed a study by Torok (2009) with sleep-disturbed infants in ECECs. The objective of the current study was to examine the quality of naps in infants described as “typical sleepers” across two settings: the home and the early childhood education centre (ECEC). Two males and two females, ranging in age from 15- to 17-months contributed to four case studies. These were: i) an infant transitioning to the ECEC; ii) and iii) infants described as “settled” in an ECEC; and iv) an infant reported to have sleeping difficulties at home after the occurrence of a major earthquake. Observations from digital recordings were coded to determine sleep states and patterns. The findings across each case study were: i) naps varied in both settings during the infant’s transition to an ECEC but settled in both settings once the infant was “settled” at the ECEC; ii) naps tended to be consistent across both settings in the “typical sleepers” who were settled at the ECEC; and iii) naps at home were varied in the infant reported to have reacted to the earthquake while her naps at the ECEC were consistent. Overall findings suggested that total nap periods tended to be longer at home, sleep efficiency tended to be higher at the ECEC, and that participants tended to engage in more active sleep than quiet sleep. Caregiver presence was a major difference between the home and ECEC setting. This study demonstrated differences and similarities across both settings with infants described as “typical sleepers”. This is an important area due to the increasing number of infants attending ECECs (Statistics NZ, 2010). Several directions for future research have been presented.

O trabalho está voltado à elaboração de uma teoria dos crimes omissivos, com o sentido de obter uma limitação de sua expansão. Para alcançar esse objetivo, são postas em discussão todas as concepções do crime omissivo, tanto no aspecto dogmático quanto de política criminal. Na primeira parte, estão apresentados os problemas práticos da omissão, sua evolução legislativa e sua importância. A partir daí, são discutidas as elaborações doutrinárias quanto à sua natureza, à sua estrutura e à sua punibilidade. Quanto à sua natureza, a omissão é analisada como forma de ação, como forma equiparada de ação e como forma correspondente de ação. Quanto à sua estrutura, a omissão é vista sob o enfoque de seu tratamento legal, que requer um aprofundamento da composição da norma e de seus elementos comunicativos. Quanto à sua punibilidade, são destacados seus aspectos contraditórios referentes à falta de simetria entre sua estrutura empírica e normativa, de um lado, e as consequências pelo descumprimento do dever, de outro lado. Na segunda parte, formata-se uma conclusão dogmática crítica de toda a discussão em torno da natureza, da estrutura e da punibilidade da omissão. Inicia-se sob uma crítica dos objetivos da dogmática e se projeta sobre todas as questões fundamentais que envolvem os crimes omissivos. São feitas assertivas sobre a tipicidade, a antijuridicidade e a culpabilidade da omissão, assim como sobre o concurso de pessoas e suas fases de execução. Para não sobrecarregar o texto, são tratados em anexo os temas relacionados ao concurso de crimes e aos delitos omissivos culposos. Tendo em vista que a segunda parte constitui uma conclusão de todo o desenvolvimento crítico da omissão, realizado na primeira parte, não foram enumerados tópicos conclusivos. O método empregado está baseado no princípio dialético construtivista de Holzcamp. / The work is aimed at developing a theory of omissive crimes, with a purpose to limit the expansion of punishment. To achieve this goal, are under discussion all conceptions of the omission, both in the dogmatic as criminal politics. The first section presents the practical problems of the omission, legislative developments and importance. Thereafter, we discuss the doctrinal elaborations as to its nature, its structure and its punishment. In terms of its nature, the omission is analyzed as a form of action, as a way of action and treated as a corresponding action. As for its structure, the omission is viewed from the standpoint of the legal treatment, which requires a deepening of the composition of standard and communicative elements. As for its punishment, contradictory aspects are highlighted regarding the lack of symmetry between empirical and normative structure on the one hand, and the consequences for the breach of duty, on the other. In the second part, formatting is a critical dogmatic conclusion of the whole discussion around the nature, structure and punishment of the omission. It starts from a critical to the dogmatic goals and projects on all fundamental issues involving those crimes. Assertions are made about the typical elements, the illegality and the means rea of omission as well as on the concourse of people and on the execution phases. To streamline the text, attached are treated issues relating to the accumulation of crimes and the reckless offenses. Since the second part is a conclusion of all the critical development of the omission, performed in the first part, were not included conclusive listed topics. The work follows the dialectical method of Holzkamp.

O trabalho está voltado à elaboração de uma teoria dos crimes omissivos, com o sentido de obter uma limitação de sua expansão. Para alcançar esse objetivo, são postas em discussão todas as concepções do crime omissivo, tanto no aspecto dogmático quanto de política criminal. Na primeira parte, estão apresentados os problemas práticos da omissão, sua evolução legislativa e sua importância. A partir daí, são discutidas as elaborações doutrinárias quanto à sua natureza, à sua estrutura e à sua punibilidade. Quanto à sua natureza, a omissão é analisada como forma de ação, como forma equiparada de ação e como forma correspondente de ação. Quanto à sua estrutura, a omissão é vista sob o enfoque de seu tratamento legal, que requer um aprofundamento da composição da norma e de seus elementos comunicativos. Quanto à sua punibilidade, são destacados seus aspectos contraditórios referentes à falta de simetria entre sua estrutura empírica e normativa, de um lado, e as consequências pelo descumprimento do dever, de outro lado. Na segunda parte, formata-se uma conclusão dogmática crítica de toda a discussão em torno da natureza, da estrutura e da punibilidade da omissão. Inicia-se sob uma crítica dos objetivos da dogmática e se projeta sobre todas as questões fundamentais que envolvem os crimes omissivos. São feitas assertivas sobre a tipicidade, a antijuridicidade e a culpabilidade da omissão, assim como sobre o concurso de pessoas e suas fases de execução. Para não sobrecarregar o texto, são tratados em anexo os temas relacionados ao concurso de crimes e aos delitos omissivos culposos. Tendo em vista que a segunda parte constitui uma conclusão de todo o desenvolvimento crítico da omissão, realizado na primeira parte, não foram enumerados tópicos conclusivos. O método empregado está baseado no princípio dialético construtivista de Holzcamp. / The work is aimed at developing a theory of omissive crimes, with a purpose to limit the expansion of punishment. To achieve this goal, are under discussion all conceptions of the omission, both in the dogmatic as criminal politics. The first section presents the practical problems of the omission, legislative developments and importance. Thereafter, we discuss the doctrinal elaborations as to its nature, its structure and its punishment. In terms of its nature, the omission is analyzed as a form of action, as a way of action and treated as a corresponding action. As for its structure, the omission is viewed from the standpoint of the legal treatment, which requires a deepening of the composition of standard and communicative elements. As for its punishment, contradictory aspects are highlighted regarding the lack of symmetry between empirical and normative structure on the one hand, and the consequences for the breach of duty, on the other. In the second part, formatting is a critical dogmatic conclusion of the whole discussion around the nature, structure and punishment of the omission. It starts from a critical to the dogmatic goals and projects on all fundamental issues involving those crimes. Assertions are made about the typical elements, the illegality and the means rea of omission as well as on the concourse of people and on the execution phases. To streamline the text, attached are treated issues relating to the accumulation of crimes and the reckless offenses. Since the second part is a conclusion of all the critical development of the omission, performed in the first part, were not included conclusive listed topics. The work follows the dialectical method of Holzkamp.

abstract: Children with dyslexia have difficulty learning to read. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the use of simultaneous multisensory structured language (multisensory) instruction promoted better letter name and sound production, word reading, and word spelling for second grade children with typical development (TD; N=6) or with dyslexia (DYS; N=5) than structured language instruction alone. The use of non-English graphemes (letters) to represent two pretend languages were used to control for children’s lexical knowledge. A multiple baseline, multiple probe across subjects single-case design, paired with an alternating treatments design, was used to compare the efficacy of multisensory and structure language interventions. Participant’s graphed data was visually analyzed and individual Tau-U and weighted Tau-U effect sizes were calculated for the outcome variables: letter name production, letter sound production, word reading, and word spelling. Both interventions had an overall effect for participants with TD and DYS, though for individual participants intervention effects varied across outcome variables. However, the multisensory intervention did not provide a clear advantage over the structured intervention for participants with TD or DYS. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Speech and Hearing Science 2016