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En arbetsprocess för att öka lagerservicenivå i verksamheter med betydande och osäkra anskaffningsledtider samt begränsad efterfrågehistorik : En fallstudie på en verksamhet inom elfordonsindustrin / A work process to increase inventory service levels in companies with significant and uncertain procurement lead times and limited demand historyBerglund Szlachota, Olivia, Nilsson, Anton January 2022 (has links)
Syfte – Syftet med studien är att utforma en arbetsprocess för att öka lagerservicenivå genom reducering av effekterna från betydande och osäkra anskaffningsledtider i kombination med begränsad efterfrågehistorik med beaktning på lagerkostnader. För att uppnå syftet och skapa en arbetsprocess har syftet brutits ned i tre frågeställningar: [1] Hur kan betydande och osäkra anskaffningsledtider beaktas för att uppnå en ökad lagerservicenivå? [2] Hur kan begränsad efterfrågehistorik beaktas för att uppnå en ökad lagerservicenivå? [3] Hur kan en artikelklassificering med beaktning på lagerkostnader, efterfrågehistorik och efterfrågevariation möjliggöra dimensionering av buffertar för att uppnå en ökad lagerservicenivå? Metod – Studien utfördes som en fallstudie på ett företag verksamt inom elfordons industrin. Både kvalitativa och kvantitativa datainsamlingstekniker användes. Datainsamlingstekniker som ansågs vara relevanta för studien var dokumentstudier, intervjuer och observationer. Resultat – Arbetsprocessen fås fram utifrån de tre frågeställningarna. Betydande och osäkra anskaffningsledtider kunde beaktas genom att granska en verksamhets försörjningskedja genom en värdeflödesanalys. Kunde anskaffningsledtiden kortas ner så skulle ett framtida önskat tillstånd bearbetas fram. Kunde anskaffningsledtiderna ej kortas ner föreslogs det att implementera säkerhetstid. För att beakta en verksamhets begränsade efterfrågehistorik identifierades det olika tillvägagångssätt genom att granska efterfrågetypen. Vid betingad efterfrågan föreslogs det att använda sig av prognoser. Vid icke-betingad efterfrågan vid små volymer eller vid nya artiklar föreslogs det att mänsklig bedömning används. För övrig icke-betingad efterfrågan rekommenderas en kombination av mänskligt omdöme och prognoser. Vidare för all efterfrågan rekommenderades införandet av säkerhetslager. Dessa buffertars dimensionering baseras på artikelklasskombinationen från ABC-, XYZ- och kostnadsklassificeringen utifrån en MUSIC 3D analys. Utifrån detta presenterar även en rekommenderad handlingsplan för de samtliga klasserna. Implikationer – Studien resulterar i en arbetsprocess som kan användas för andra verksamheter med betydande och osäkra anskaffningsledtider i kombination med begränsad efterfrågehistorik för att öka lagerservicenivån med beaktning till lagerkostnader. Arbetsprocessen ger en vägledning om vilka faktorer som bör beaktas för att möjliggöra en ökad lagerservicenivå. Begränsningar och fortsatt forskning – Studien är begränsad till att arbetsprocessen som tagits fram teoretiskt kan påvisa ökad lagerservicenivå för företag med betydande och osäkra anskaffningsledtider samt begränsad efterfrågehistorik. Studien berör heller inte uträkningar för att bestämma exakta nivåer av säkerhetslager. Den lagerkostnad som beaktas hos fallföretaget är inköpspris. Studien är avgränsad till att implementeras på företag med lagerhållande verksamhet. För fortsatt forskning skulle arbetsprocessen kunna testas på flera företag. / Purpose – The purpose of the study is to design a work process to increase inventory service levels by reducing the effects of significant and uncertain procurement lead times in combination with limited demand history and at the same time regarding inventory costs. To achieve the purpose and create a work process, the purpose is divided into three research questions: [1] How can significant and uncertain procurement lead times be considered to achieve an increased service level? [2] How can limited demand history be considered to achieve an increased service level? [3] How can an item classification considering inventory costs, demand history and demand variation enable dimensioning of buffers to achieve an increased service level? Method – The study was conducted as a case study of a company active in the electric vehicle industry. Both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques were used. Data collection methods that were considered relevant for studies were document studies, interviews, and observations. Findings – The work process is developed from the three research questions. Significant and uncertain procurement lead times could be considered by examining a business supply chain through a value flow analysis. If the procurement lead time could be shortened, a future state proposition is recommended. If it could not be shortened, it was proposed to implement safety time. To consider a business limited demand history, different approaches were identified by examining the type of demand. In the event of derived demand, it was suggested to use forecasts. In the case of non-derived demand for small volumes or for new items, human judgment is recommended. For other non-derived demand, a combination of human judgment and forecasts is recommended. Safety stocks are recommended for all types of demand. The dimensioning of buffers depends on the class combination from the MUSIC 3D in the ABC-, XYZ- and cost-classification which provides a suggested action plan. Implications – The study results in a work process that can be used for other businesses with significant and uncertain procurement lead times in combination with a limited demand history to increase the service level considering inventory costs. The work process provides guidance on which factors that should be considered to enable an increased service level. Limitations – The study is limited to demonstrate that the work process can theoretically increase the service level. The study also does not make calculations for setting exact levels of safety stocks. The warehousing cost is in the case company considered as the purchase price of goods. The study is limited to being implemented in companies with warehousing operations. For further research, the work process could be tested at several companies.
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Clustering Uncertain Data with Possible WorldsLehner, Wolfgang, Volk, Peter Benjamin, Rosenthal, Frank, Hahmann, Martin, Habich, Dirk 16 August 2022 (has links)
The topic of managing uncertain data has been explored in many ways. Different methodologies for data storage and query processing have been proposed. As the availability of management systems grows, the research on analytics of uncertain data is gaining in importance. Similar to the challenges faced in the field of data management, algorithms for uncertain data mining also have a high performance degradation compared to their certain algorithms. To overcome the problem of performance degradation, the MCDB approach was developed for uncertain data management based on the possible world scenario. As this methodology shows significant performance and scalability enhancement, we adopt this method for the field of mining on uncertain data. In this paper, we introduce a clustering methodology for uncertain data and illustrate current issues with this approach within the field of clustering uncertain data.
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Framtiden i osäkra händer: Utforska individens individuella erfarenheter av osäkra anställningsvillkor : En kvalitativ studie om osäkra anställningsformer / The Future in Uncertain Hands: Exploring the Individual's Personal Experiences of Insecure Employment Conditions : A qualitative study on precarious forms of employmentFerhm, Elin, Israelsson, Karin January 2023 (has links)
Denna studie undersöker hur individer påverkas av att arbeta under osäkra anställningsförhållanden. Genom att genomföra sju kvalitativa intervjuer med personer anställda på olika osäkra eller tidsbegränsade anställningar, samt med en tillsvidareanställd och en chef på ett företag med visstidsanställda, syftar studien till att skapa en djupare förståelse för hur osäkra arbetsförhållanden påverkar människors välbefinnande och vardag. Resultaten visar att respondenterna upplevde både positiva och negativa effekter av de osäkra anställningsformerna. Å ena sidan uttrycker många hur de känner en oro för sin arbetssituation, men upplever samtidigt en viss trygghet på respektive arbetsplats. Dock är drömmen om en fast anställning gemensam för alla respondenter. Osäkerheten och oron bidrar bland annat till stress, ekonomisk otrygghet och svårigheter att upprätthålla en balans mellan arbete och fritid för respondenterna. Å andra sidan uppskattar vissa av respondenterna flexibiliteten, trivs med sina kollegor och den gemenskap som finns på arbetsplatsen. Sammanfattningsvis visar studien att osäkra anställningsförhållanden påverkar individen på olika sätt, både positivt och negativt, vilket skapar en djupare förståelse för konsekvenserna av dessa arbetsförhållanden. / This study examines how individuals are affected by working under precarious employment conditions. By conducting seven qualitative interviews with individuals employed in various insecure or temporary positions, as well as with a permanent employee and a manager at a company employing fixed-term workers, the study aims to gain a deeper understanding of how insecure working conditions impact people's well-being and everyday lives. The results reveal that respondents experienced both positive and negative effects of insecure employment arrangements. On one hand, many express concerns about their work situation but also find a certain sense of security within their respective workplaces. However, the desire for permanent employment is a common thread among all respondents. The uncertainty and anxiety contribute to stress, financial insecurity, and difficulties in maintaining a work-life balance for the participants. On the other hand, some respondents appreciate the flexibility, enjoy their colleagues' company, and value the sense of community in their workplace. In summary, the study demonstrates that insecure employment conditions affect individuals in different ways, both positively and negatively, providing a deeper understanding of the consequences of such employment arrangements.
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Distributed Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Control of Nonlinear Uncertain Multi-Agent SystemsKhalili, Mohsen 29 August 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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Extended Entropy Maximisation and Queueing Systems with Heavy-Tailed DistributionsMohamed, Ismail A.M. January 2022 (has links)
Numerous studies on Queueing systems, such as Internet traffic flows, have shown to be bursty, self-similar and/or long-range dependent, because of the heavy (long) tails for the various distributions of interest, including intermittent intervals and queue lengths. Other studies have addressed vacation in no-customers’ queueing system or when the server fails. These patterns are important for capacity planning, performance prediction, and optimization of networks and have a negative impact on their effective functioning. Heavy-tailed distributions have been commonly used by telecommunication engineers to create workloads for simulation studies, which, regrettably, may show peculiar queueing characteristics. To cost-effectively examine the impacts of different network patterns on heavy- tailed queues, new and reliable analytical approaches need to be developed. It is decided to establish a brand-new analytical framework based on optimizing entropy functionals, such as those of Shannon, Rényi, Tsallis, and others that have been suggested within statistical physics and information theory, subject to suitable linear and non-linear system constraints. In both discrete and continuous time domains, new heavy tail analytic performance distributions will be developed, with a focus on those exhibiting the power law behaviour seen in many Internet scenarios.
The exposition of two major revolutionary approaches, namely the unification of information geometry and classical queueing systems and unifying information length theory with transient queueing systems. After conclusions, open problems arising from this thesis and limitations are introduced as future work.
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Funnel-Based Control for Coupled Spatiotemporal Specifications / Trattbaserade reglermetoder för kopplade spatiotemporala specifikationerMehdifar, Farhad January 2024 (has links)
In the past decade, the integration of spatiotemporal constraints into control systems has emerged as a crucial necessity, driven by the demand for enhanced performance, guaranteed safety, and the execution of complex tasks. Spatiotemporal constraints involve criteria that are dependent on both space and time, which can be represented by time-varying constraints in nonlinear control systems. Funnel-based control methods provide computationally tractable and robust feedback control laws to enforce time-varying constraints in uncertain nonlinear systems. This thesis begins by exploring the application of funnel-based control designs to address performance specifications in coordinate-free formation control of multi-agent systems. Moreover, we develop new robust feedback control schemes dealing with coupled spatiotemporal constraints in uncertain nonlinear systems that cannot be directly addressed by conventional funnel-based control methods. In the first part of the thesis, we present a novel coordinate-free formation control scheme for directed leader-follower multi-agent systems, exhibiting almost global convergence to the desired shape. The synthesis of fully decentralized robust controllers for agents is achieved through the application of the Prescribed Performance Control (PPC) method. This method imposes spatiotemporal funnel constraints on each agent's formation errors, ensuring a predefined transient and steady-state performance while maintaining robustness to system uncertainties. The core idea in this work is the utilization of bipolar coordinates to achieve orthogonal (decoupled) formation errors for each follower agent. This approach not only ensures the global convergence to the desired shape but also facilitates the effective application of the PPC method. In the second part of the thesis, first, we introduce a novel approach that extends funnel-based control schemes to deal with a specific class of time-varying hard and soft constraints. In this work, we employ an online Constraint Consistent Funnel (CCF) planning scheme to tackle couplings between hard and soft constraints. By satisfying these CCF constraints, we ensure adherence to hard (safety) constraints, while soft (performance) constraints are met only when they do not conflict with the hard constraints. Subsequently, we directly employ the PPC design method to craft a robust, low-complexity control law, ensuring that the system's outputs consistently stay within the online planned CCF constraints. In subsequent work, we tackle the challenge of satisfying a generalized class of potentially coupled time-varying output constraints. We show that addressing multiple constraints effectively boils down to formulating a single consolidating constraint. Ensuring the fulfillment of this consolidating constraint guarantees both convergence to and invariance of the time-varying output-constrained set within a user-defined finite time. Building on the PPC design method, we introduce a novel, robust low-complexity feedback control framework to handle this issue in uncertain high-order MIMO nonlinear control systems. Additionally, we present a mechanism for online modification of the consolidating constraint to secure a least-violating solution when constraint infeasibilities occur for an unknown time interval. / Under det senaste decenniet har integrationen av bivillkor i tid och rum för reglersystem framstått som en nödvändighet, driven av efterfrågan på förbättrad prestanda, garanterad säkerhet och utförandet av komplexa uppgifter. Bivillkor i tid och rum för icke-linjära reglersystem kan representeras av tidsvarierande bivillkor. Trattbaserade reglermetoder ("funnel-based control") tillhandahåller beräkningsmässigt hanterbara och robusta återkopplingslagar för att garantera tidsvarier-ande bivillkor i osäkra icke-linjära system. Denna avhandling börjar med att utforska tillämpningen av trattbaserade kontrollmetoder för att hantera prestanda-specifikationer i koordinatfri formationskontroll av multiagentsystem. Dessutom utvecklar vi nya robusta återkopplingslagar som hanterar kopplade bivillkor i tid och rum för osäkra icke-linjära system som inte direkt kan hanteras av konventionella trattbaserade kontrollmetoder. I den första delen av avhandlingen presenterar vi en ny koordinatfri formationskontrollmetod för riktade ledare-följare multiagentsystem, vilken uppvisar nästan global konvergens till den önskade formen. Syntesen av helt decentraliserade robusta regulatorer för agenter uppnås genom tillämpning av Prescribed Performance Control (PPC)-metoden. Denna metod lägger på trattbivillkor i tid och rum på varje agents formationsfel och säkerställer en fördefinierad transient och stationär prestanda samtidigt som robusthet mot systemosäkerheter bibehålls. Kärnan i detta arbete är användningen av bipolära koordinater för att uppnå ortogonala (frikopplade) formationsfel för varje följande agent. Detta tillvägagångssätt säkerställer inte bara global konvergens till den önskade formen utan underlättar också en effektiva tillämpning av PPC-metoden. I den andra delen av avhandlingen introducerar vi först ett nytt tillvägagångssätt som utökar trattbaserade kontrollmetoder för att hantera en specifik klass av tidsvar-ierande hårda och mjuka bivillkor. I detta arbete använder vi en online Constraint Consistent Funnel (CCF)-planeringsmetod för att tackla sammankopplingar mellan hårda och mjuka bivillkor. Genom att uppfylla dessa CCF-bivillkor säkerställer vi efterlevnad av hårda (säkerhets-) bivillkor, medan mjuka (prestanda-) bivillkor uppfylls endast när de inte strider mot de hårda bivillkoren. Därefter tillämpar vi direkt PPC-designmetoden för att utforma en robust reglerlag med låg komplexitet som säkerställer att systemets utsignal konsekvent håller sig inom de online planerade CCF-bivillkoren. Därefter hanterar vi utmaningen med att uppfylla en generaliserad klass av potentiellt kopplade tidsvarierande utsignals-bivillkor. Vi visar att effektiv hantering av flera bivillkor i grund och botten handlar om att formulera ett sammanfattande bivillkor. Uppfyllandet av detta sammanfattande bivillkor garanterar både konvergens till och invarians av den tidsvarierande mängden som uppfyller utsignalsbivillkoren, inom en användardefinierad begränsad tid. Baserat på PPC-designmetoden introducerar vi en ny, robust återkopplingsregulatorstruktur för att hantera detta problem i osäkra högordnings MIMO icke-linjära reglersystem. Dessutom presenterar vi en mekanism för online-modifiering av det sammanfattande bivillkoret för att säkra en lösning med minsta möjliga kränkning då bivillkoren blir omöjliga att uppfylla under en okänd tidsperiod. / <p>QC 20231229</p>
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[pt] MODELAGEM E CONTROLE DE UM ROBÔ MÓVEL COM ESTEIRAS PARA TAREFAS DE VIGILÂNCIA / [en] MODELING AND CONTROL DESIGN OF A TRACKED MOBILE ROBOT FOR SURVEILLANCE TASKSPERCY WILIANSON LOVON RAMOS 29 June 2020 (has links)
[pt] Nos últimos anos, os avanços mais recentes em robótica e suas aplicações
têm sido usados para reduzir a carga de trabalho e os requisitos de
mão-de-obra, melhorando o ambiente, a saúde e a segurança, particularmente
nos sistemas de produção agrícola. Robôs autônomos fazem parte de
tal inovação tecnológica e os robôs móveis com esteiras, em particular, têm
sido amplamente utilizados em campos agrícolas em todo o mundo, já que
suas esteiras proporcionam uma grande área de contato em solos úmidos
e terrenos irregulares, evitando que o robô fique preso e melhorando a sua
mobilidade. Neste trabalho, aborda-se a modelagem e o controle de robôs
móveis com esteiras (Tracked Mobiler Robots, TMRs) para executar tarefas
de vigilância em campos agrícolas. A metodologia proposta considera que o
modelo cinemático do TMR são incertos devido ao escorregamento inerente
entre as esteiras e o terreno. Para lidar com as incertezas de modelagem e
perturbações externas, utiliza-se uma estratégia de controle robusto baseada
na abordagem de modos deslizantes. Uma interface de usuário móvel
(Mobile User Interface, MUI) baseada no sistema operacional Android é
desenvolvida para controlar o robô movél com esteiras de forma manual ou
autônoma. A partir da MUI, o operador humano pode visualizar as informações
capturadas de sensores externos e internos. Simulações numéricas
em MATLAB são realizadas para verificar o desempenho do controladores,
bem como validar o modelo cinemático do robô, em diferentes configurações
iniciais. / [en] In recent years, the latest advances in robotics and its applications
have been used to reduce the workload and manpower requirements, improving
the environment, health and safety (EHS) conditions, particularly in
agricultural production and farming systems. Autonomous robots are part
of such technological innovation and Tracked Mobile Robots (TMRs), in
particular, have being widely used on agricultural fields around the world,
since their tracks provide a large contact area on the wet soils and irregular
terrains avoiding the robot to get stuck. In this work, we address the modeling
and control design of tracked mobile robots (TMRs) able to perform
surveillance tasks in agricultural fields. The proposed methodology considers
that the kinematic models of the TMRs are both uncertain due to the
inherent slippage between the tracks and the terrain. To deal with the modeling
uncertainties and external disturbances, we use the sliding mode control
(SMC) approach. A Mobile User Interface (MUI) based on Android operating
system. is developed to control the TMR manually or autonomously.
By using the MUI the human operator can visualize the information captured
from external and internal sensors. Numerical simulations in MATLAB
are carried out to verify the performance of the controller as well as validate
the robot kinematic model under different configurations.
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Novel Strategies to design Controllers and State Predictors based on Disturbance ObserversCastillo Frasquet, Alberto 30 March 2021 (has links)
[ES] Los sistemas de ingeniería o físicos suelen ser inciertos. Su incertidumbre se manifiesta cuando el sistema muestra comportamientos que son relativamente diferentes a los que su modelo predice; estando principalmente causada por: errores de modelado; dinámicas desconocidas; cambios en las propiedades del sistema; interacciones aleatorias con otros sistemas; o cambios en las condiciones de operación.
Durante los últimos 40 años, se ha demostrado reiteradamente que las incertidumbres de los sistemas pueden tener efectos muy negativos sobre el comportamiento de un controlador si éstas no se consideran adecuadamente sus formulaciones matemáticas. Por esta razón, una parte importante de la investigación actual está centrada en este tema; buscando las formas mas adecuadas para representar matemáticamente las incertidumbres de los sistemas, así como buscando nuevas herramientas matemáticas que permitan hacer uso de ésta representación de la incertidumbre con el objetivo de diseñar algoritmos de control robustos.
En esta tesis se presentan nuevas aportaciones en esta línea. Concretamente, se desarrollan nuevas metodologías para diseñar controladores (DOBCs) y predictores (DOBPs) para sistemas dinámicos inciertos basados en observadores de perturbaciones. La principal aportación es demostrar que los DOBCs se pueden sintetizar desde un enfoque de control óptimo; siendo su principal criterio de diseño el de aproximar la -irrealizable- señal de control óptima que minimiza un índice de coste cuadrático sujeto a un modelo dinámico lineal (LTI). Este nuevo enfoque de diseño es indistintamente válido para modelos SISO/MIMO con múltiples o únicas perturbaciones. Además permite un ajuste del controlador muy intuitivo gracias a las matrices de ponderación del coste. De forma similar; los DOBPs se construyen con el objetivo de aproximar la solución temporal un sistema dinámico perturbado.
Con el objetivo de contextualizar la aportación, el documento también incluye un breve resumen de los principales métodos de control robusto y el impacto que han tenido en la revolución tecnológica del siglo XXI; algunas discusiones sobre la utilidad de los modelos LTI perturbados para representar sistemas dinámicos inciertos; y algunas relaciones, comparaciones y simulaciones numéricas de los métodos propuestos con otras técnicas de control. / [CA] Els sistemes d'enginyeria o físics solen ser incerts. La seua incertesa es manifesta quan el sistema mostra comportaments que són relativament diferents als que el seu model prediu; sent principalment causada per: errors de modelatge; dinàmiques desconegudes; canvis en les propietats del sistema; interaccions aleatòries amb altres sistemes; o canvis en les condicions d'operació.
Durant els últims 40 anys, s'ha demostrat reiteradament que les incerteses dels sistemes poden tindre efectes molt negatius sobre el comportament d'un controlador si aquestes no es consideren adequadament les seues formulacions matemàtiques. Per aquesta raó, una part important de la investigació actual està centrada en aquest tema; buscant les formes mes adequades per a representar matemàticament les incerteses dels sistemes, així com buscant noves tècniques matemàtiques que permeten fer ús d'aquesta representació de la incertesa amb l'objectiu de dissenyar algorismes de control robustos.
En aquesta tesi es presenten noves aportacions en aquesta línia. Concretament, es desenvolupen noves metodologies per a dissenyar controladors (DOBCs) i predictors (DOBPs) per a sistemes dinàmics incerts basats en observadors de pertorbacions. La principal aportació és demostrar que els DOBCs es poden sintetitzar des d'un punt de vista de control òptim; sent el seu principal criteri de disseny el d'aproximar la -irrealitzable- senyal de control òptima que minimitza un índex de cost quadràtic restringit a un model dinàmic lineal (LTI). Aquest nou plantejament és indistintament vàlid per a models SISO/MIMO amb múltiples o úniques pertorbacions. A més permet un ajust del controlador molt intuïtiu gràcies a les matrius de ponderació del cost. De manera similar; els DOBPs es construeixen amb l'objectiu d'aproximar la solució temporal un sistema dinàmic pertorbat.
Amb l'objectiu de contextualitzar l'aportació, el document també inclou un breu resum dels principals mètodes de control robust i l'impacte que han tingut en la revolució tecnològica del segle XXI; algunes discussions sobre la utilitat dels models LTI pertorbats per a representar sistemes dinàmics incerts; i algunes relacions, comparacions i simulacions numèriques dels mètodes proposats amb altres tècniques de control. / [EN] Engineering or physical systems are used to be uncertain. Its uncertainty is manifested whenever the system shows behaviors that are relatively different than the ones predicted by its model; being mostly caused by: modeling errors; unknown dynamics; changes in the system properties; random interactions with other systems; or changes in the operating conditions.
Through the last 40 years, it has been persistently proved that the system uncertainties could have very negative effects in the performance of a feedback regulator if they are not properly considered in the mathematical formulations of the employed algorithms. Thus, an important part of the recent research is focused on this topic; searching for the most appropriate ways to mathematically represent the system uncertainties and looking for new mathematical-tools that permit to make use of such uncertainty-representation in order to design robust control algorithms.
In this thesis, new contributions in this line are provided. Concretely, novel methodologies to design Disturbance Observer-Based Controllers (DOBCs) and Predictors (DOBPs) for uncertain dynamic systems are developed. The main contribution is to show that the DOBCs can be constructed from an optimality-based approach, with the main objective of approximating the -unrealizable- optimal control signal that minimizes a quadratic-cost performance index subject to a LTI disturbed model constraint. This novel robust control design is indistinctly valid for SISO/MIMO models with single/multiple matched/mismatched disturbances; offering also a highly intuitive and versatile tuning through the weighting matrices. Similarly, the DOBPs are synthesized in order to approximate the time-domain solution of LTI disturbed models.
For the sake of completeness, the document also includes a brief review of the main robust control methods and the impact that they have had on the technological revolution of the 21st century; some discussions about the usefulness of the LTI disturbed models for representing uncertain dynamic systems; and different relationships, comparisons and numerical simulations, of the proposed methods with other control approaches. / Castillo Frasquet, A. (2021). Novel Strategies to design Controllers and State Predictors based on Disturbance Observers [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/165034
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Social Graph Anonymization / Anonymisation de graphes sociauxNguyen, Huu-Hiep 04 November 2016 (has links)
La vie privée est une préoccupation des utilisateurs des réseaux sociaux. Les réseaux sociaux sont une source de données précieuses pour des analyses scientifiques ou commerciales. Cette thèse aborde trois problèmes de confidentialité des réseaux sociaux: l'anonymisation de graphes sociaux, la détection de communautés privées et l'échange de liens privés. Nous abordons le problème d'anonymisation de graphes via la sémantique de l'incertitude et l'intimité différentielle. Pour la première, nous proposons un modèle général appelé Uncertain Adjacency Matrix (UAM) qui préserve dans le graphe anonymisé les degrés des nœuds du graphe non-anonymisé. Nous analysons deux schémas proposés récemment et montrons leur adaptation dans notre modèle. Nous aussi présentons notre approche dite MaxVar. Pour la technique d'intimité différentielle, le problème devient difficile en raison de l'énorme espace des graphes anonymisés possibles. Un grand nombre de systèmes existants ne permettent pas de relâcher le budget contrôlant la vie privée, ni de déterminer sa borne supérieure. Dans notre approche nous pouvons calculer cette borne. Nous introduisons le nouveau schéma Top-m-Filter de complexité linéaire et améliorons la technique récente EdgeFlip. L'évaluation de ces algorithmes sur une large gamme de graphes donne un panorama de l'état de l'art. Nous présentons le problème original de la détection de la communauté dans le cadre de l'intimité différentielle. Nous analysons les défis majeurs du problème et nous proposons quelques approches pour les aborder sous deux angles: par perturbation d'entrée (schéma LouvainDP) et par perturbation d'algorithme (schéma ModDivisive) / Privacy is a serious concern of users in daily usage of social networks. Social networks are a valuable data source for large-scale studies on social organization and evolution and are usually published in anonymized forms. This thesis addresses three privacy problems of social networks: graph anonymization, private community detection and private link exchange. First, we tackle the problem of graph anonymization via uncertainty semantics and differential privacy. As for uncertainty semantics, we propose a general obfuscation model called Uncertain Adjacency Matrix (UAM) that keep expected node degrees equal to those in the unanonymized graph. We analyze two recently proposed schemes and show their fitting into the model. We also present our scheme Maximum Variance (MaxVar) to fill the gap between them. Using differential privacy, the problem is very challenging because of the huge output space of noisy graphs. A large body of existing schemes on differentially private release of graphs are not consistent with increasing privacy budgets as well as do not clarify the upper bounds of privacy budgets. In this thesis, such a bound is provided. We introduce the new linear scheme Top-m-Filter (TmF) and improve the existing technique EdgeFlip. Thorough comparative evaluation on a wide range of graphs provides a panorama of the state-of-the-art's performance as well as validates our proposed schemes. Second, we present the problem of community detection under differential privacy. We analyze the major challenges behind the problem and propose several schemes to tackle them from two perspectives: input perturbation (LouvainDP) and algorithm perturbation (ModDivisive)
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Diagnostic et Pronostic de Systèmes Dynamiques Incertains dans un contexte Bond Graph / Diagnostics and Prognostics of Uncertain Dynamical Systems in a Bond Graph FrameworkJha, Mayank Shekhar 08 December 2015 (has links)
Cette thèse développe des approches pour le diagnostic et le pronostic de systèmes dynamiques incertains en utilisant la technique de modélisation Bond Graph (BG). Tout d'abord, une représentation par intervalles des incertitudes paramétriques et de mesures est intégrée à un modèle BG-LFT (Linear Fractional Transformation). Une méthode de détection robuste de défaut est développée en utilisant les règles de l'arithmétique d'intervalle pour la génération de seuils robustes et adaptatifs sur les résidus nominaux. La méthode est validée en temps réel sur un système de générateur de vapeur.Deuxièmement, une nouvelle méthodologie de pronostic hybride est développée en utilisant les Relations de Redondance Analytique déduites d'un modèle BG et les Filtres Particulaires. Une estimation de l'état courant du paramètre candidat pour le pronostic est obtenue en termes probabilistes. La prédiction de la durée de vie résiduelle est atteinte en termes probabilistes. Les incertitudes associées aux mesures bruitées, les conditions environnementales, etc. sont gérées efficacement. La méthode est validée en temps réel sur un système mécatronique incertain.Enfin, la méthodologie de pronostic développée est mise en œuvre et validée pour le suivi efficace de la santé d'un sous-système électrochimique d’une pile à combustible à membrane échangeuse de protons (PEMFC) industrielle à l’aide de données de dégradation réelles. / This thesis develops the approaches for diagnostics and prognostics of uncertain dynamic systems in Bond Graph (BG) modeling framework. Firstly, properties of Interval Arithmetic (IA) and BG in Linear Fractional Transformation, are integrated for representation of parametric and measurement uncertainties on an uncertain BG model. Robust fault detection methodology is developed by utilizing the rules of IA for the generation of adaptive interval valued thresholds over the nominal residuals. The method is validated in real time on an uncertain and highly complex steam generator system.Secondly, a novel hybrid prognostic methodology is developed using BG derived Analytical Redundancy Relationships and Particle Filtering algorithms. Estimations of the current state of health of a system parameter and the associated hidden parameters are achieved in probabilistic terms. Prediction of the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of the system parameter is also achieved in probabilistic terms. The associated uncertainties arising out of noisy measurements, environmental conditions etc. are effectively managed to produce a reliable prediction of RUL with suitable confidence bounds. The method is validated in real time on an uncertain mechatronic system.Thirdly, the prognostic methodology is validated and implemented on the electrical electro-chemical subsystem of an industrial Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell. A BG of the latter is utilized which is suited for diagnostics and prognostics. The hybrid prognostic methodology is validated, involving real degradation data sets.
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