Utifrån the procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH) antas det deklarativa minnet vara intakt hos personer med dyslexi. Detta styrks av studier som visat att deklarativt minne är intakt eller förstärkt hos barn med SLI eller dyslexi då det undersökts med icke-språkliga minnestest. Personer med dyslexi som genomgår universitetsstudier antas kompensera för sina svårigheter på olika sätt, bland annat med det deklarativa minnet. I denna studie har deklarativt minne undersökts i form av visuellt igenkänningsminne efter oavsiktlig inkodning. Deltagarna utgjordes av 11 universitetsstuderande med dyslexi samt en kontrollgrupp på 26 universitetsstuderande utan dyslexi. Resultatet indikerade ett intakt deklarativt minne hos personer med dyslexi. En trend till att de även har ett förstärkt minne efter 24 timmar jämfört med kontrollgruppen kunde skönjas men var inte signifikant. Prediktionen att deklarativt minne används som kompensation i allmänhet samt för nedsatt läsförmåga kunde inte styrkas. Andra möjliga kompensatoriska strategier och förmågor än deklarativt minne diskuteras. / Based on the procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH) declarative memory is assumed to be intact in people with dyslexia. This is supported by studies showing that declarative memory is intact or enhanced in children with SLI or dyslexia when examined using non-verbal memory tests. People with dyslexia who undergo university studies are assumed to compensate for their difficulties in different ways, including with the use of declarative memory. This study examines the aspect of declarative memory that is visual recognition memory after incidental encoding. The participants were 11 university students with dyslexia and a control group of 26 university students without dyslexia. The results showed an intact declarative memory in people with dyslexia. A possible trend that they also have an enhanced memory after 24 hours compared with the control group could be seen but was not significant. The prediction that declarative memory is used as compensation in general and for impaired reading skills could not be substantiated. Other possible compensatory strategies and abilities besides declarative memory are discussed.

The past decade has witnessed students with disabilities attending university in everincreasing numbers. In particular, many countries, including Australia, now report that students with so-called 'invisible disabilities' comprise the vast majority of those seeking support from Student Disability Services at university. Despite this increase, relatively few researchers have investigated the processes involved in the university education of students with disabilities, particularly during their crucial first year, when the highest rate of student attrition occurs across the board. The substantial body of research which has investigated the 'first year experience' for university students in Australia and the United States of America has ignored the issues unique to students with disabilities during this critical period. At the same time, some researchers, predominantly in the United States of America and the United Kingdom, have studied the tertiary education of students with disabilities. However, the subject has received less attention in Australia. Also, certain categories of university students with disabilities have been overlooked. In particular, university students diagnosed with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) appear to be one of the groups that have attracted little attention worldwide, despite the vast body of research that exists on children and, increasingly, on adults with the diagnosis. These students constituted the focus of the study reported in this thesis. The aim of this study was to develop substantive theory about how university students who are diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) deal with their first year. The study is conceptualised within the social theory of symbolic interactionism. A central research question and a series of related guiding questions were used as the starting point for data collection. Data collection was conducted largely through in-depth, individual, face-to-face semistructured interviews, and participant observation consistent with the interpretivist qualitative research tradition. In addition, informal interviews, telephone interviews and documents provided supplementary data for the study. Data analysis, which occurred concurrently with data collection, employed the open coding method consistent with the grounded theory model and the development and testing of propositions. The central proposition of the substantive theory generated from this study is that students diagnosed with AD/HD experience a sense of developing empowerment as they progress through three stages in their first year at university. The first stage in the theory of developing empowerment is entitled the development of empowerment through realising a dream. The second stage is entitled the development of empowerment through becoming proactive. The final stage is entitled the development of empowerment through the feeling of belonging. The theory of developing empowerment provides a new perspective on how university students with a diagnosis of AD/HD deal with their first year of study. A number of implications for further theory development, policy and practice are drawn from it. There are also several recommendations for further research.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2006. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-148).

O consumo de substâncias psicoativas (SPA) entre os universitários é mais frequente que na população em geral, o que reforça a necessidade de um maior conhecimento desse fenômeno para o desenvolvimento de ações de prevenção. Objetivo: construir um perfil do universitário no município de Governador Valadares e obter subsídios para a construção de uma estratégia de intervenção preventiva a partir da perspectiva dos próprios universitários. Método: Um estudo transversal realizado com 384 universitários das faculdades/universidades do município, com aplicação de um questionário estruturado, a fim de obter dados sociodemográficos e caracterização da amostra, padrão de consumo e frequência do uso, possibilidade de sofrimento mental, caracterização dos fatores de risco e proteção ao uso e intervenções preventivas mais eficazes na opinião dos universitários. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada a prova Qui-quadrado ou Escala de Fisher e o método da Regressão Logística, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Dentre os principais resultados, destaca-se: a) o uso na vida predominante de álcool (57,3%), seguido de maconha (42,2%) e tabaco (41,7%); uso intenso apenas para o álcool (28%); 18,5% dos universitários podem estar em sofrimento mental. Conclusão: Os achados desse estudo norteiam sobre o planejamento de programas de prevenção mais condizentes com as características e necessidade desse grupo, o que pode contribuir para a eficácia destes. / The consumption of psychoactive substances among university students is more frequent than in the general population, which reinforces the need for a greater knowledge of this phenomenon for the development of prevention actions. Objective: to build a university profile in the municipality of Governador Valadares and obtain subsidies for the construction of a preventive intervention strategy from the perspective of the university students themselves. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 384 college / university students from the municipality, applying a structured questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic data and sample characterization, pattern of consumption and frequency of use, possibility of mental suffering, characterization of factors of risk and protection to the use and preventive interventions more effective in the opinion of the university students. The chi-square or Fisher's scale test and the Logistic Regression method were used to analyze the data, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Among the main results, we highlight: a) the predominant life use of alcohol (57.3%), followed by marijuana (42.2%) and tobacco (41.7%); Intense use only for alcohol (28%); 18.5% of college students may be in mental distress. Conclusion: The findings of this study guide the planning of prevention programs more in line with the characteristics and needs of this group, which may contribute to their effectiveness.

The correlations among personality, academic performance and other variables in 170 university students were studied, using two instruments validated into the population: the NEOPJ-R, and the EPPS. Other variables as age, study level, self perception of academic achievement and self perception of motivation, and sources of support were included. Jt was confirmed the reliability and validity of both tests and the correlations between them. The results showed associations among academic performance and conscientiousness, endurance,change, and aggression. The academic performance was better explained by achievements triving, deliberation, change, self perception of academic achievement and age. / Se investigó la relación entre personalidad, rendimiento académico y otras variables en 170 universitarios, mediante dos instrumentos validados para esta población: el NEO PI-R de Costay McCrae y el EPPS de Edwards4• Se consideró las variables edad, ciclo académico, percepcióndel rendimiento, de la propia motivación para estudiar, y fuentes de apoyo. Se confirmo la validez y confiabilidad de ambas pruebas y sus respectivas correlaciones. Se encontraron asociaciones entre el rendimiento y conciencia, perseverancia, cambio y agresión. El rendimiento fue mejor explicado por la aspiraciones de logro, reflexión, cambio, percepción del rendimientoy edad del estudiante.

The presented master thesis describes methods of geology teaching at primary school and deals with the motivation of pupils in a connection with the application of a didactic game in teaching of geology and/or nature science. Data source was sampled via questionnaire in three groups of the respondents, i.e., teachers of geology (nature science), with 9th class pupils of primary school and university students of teaching training in biology. The theoretical part includes general data concerning motivation of pupils, teaching methods and a didactic game. The practical part contains methodology of the research, results of quantitative analysis and the author's didactic computer game which was tested and evaluated by the respondents. The obtained results show that the majority of pupils do not like geology however the integration of the didactic games in lessons can be increased pupil's interest in geology. The research has also found that university students have a different opinion on the teaching of geology than practising teachers. For example university students think that the unpopularity of geology among pupils is caused by teacher's personality, but according to opinion of the teachers it is caused by a general lack of attractivity of the subject. Similarly, the students accused the teacher of insufficient use of didactic games in geology teaching, but the teachers do not integrate didactic games in geology teaching due to lack of time.

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of time-space mobility of university students in the town Ceske Budejovice. The research was conducted on the basis of data collection through three methods, combining various approaches to time-space mobility. The first method used was questionnaire research representing traditional way of collecting information. The modern methods category was represented by GPS loggers and smartphone devices operating through the motion capture applications. The aim was a qualitative comparison of these methods in practice and further evaluation of their potential benefits for time-space research. Furthermore, the main focus is on the overall analysis of time-space mobility of university students in urban environment of Ceske Budejovice, with emphasis on the concept of bundles. Individual results are supported by images and maps created in geographic information systems. The final chapter summarizes the acquired findings and the resulting measurements of time-space mobility of university students in Ceske Budejovice.

The existence of HIV related stigma and discrimination in institutions of learning across the world is well-documented in the literature. It is also well known that factors such as knowledge about stigma and discrimination, fear of infection, social judgment, legal and policy environment act as actionable drivers and facilitators of HIV related stigma and discrimination. However, research works focusing on how various actionable drivers and facilitators are related to different forms of HIV related stigma and discrimination at universities in Nigeria are scanty. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the individual correlates of HIV-related stigma among undergraduate students at a public university in Nigeria. Methods: Quantitative cross-sectional descriptive design was used. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the University of South Africa. Permission to access the participants was obtained. The study was conducted at Ambrose Alli University which has a population of over 20,000 students. Informed consent was obtained from the participants. Simple random sampling was used to select 404 participants who were handed self-administered questionnaire. Collected data was analysed using All Pearson Chi-square test and Fishers Exact Test (p<0.05). Validity and reliability were also considered. A total of 391 questionnaires (97%) were returned and considered for analysis. Descriptive summary statistics and cross tabulations were used to analyse The results showed that a high proportion of undergraduate students still have stigmatising behaviours toward people living with HIV. These stigmatising behaviours are associated with certain individual characteristics. Recommendation: There is an urgent need for political leaders and heads of universities to implement policies and programmes that will enhance knowledge regarding HIV AND AIDS and thereby reduce stigmatizing attitudes among undergraduate students. / Health Studies / M.P.H.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:34:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Erika Correia Silva.pdf: 4371264 bytes, checksum: c727946c71b9ad0007e8ab0b4e59c96c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-05 / Considering the expansion of higher education and the increase in the number of university students, the higher the demands and the need to promote the integral development of the student. Before it, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of life and the subjective well-being of students. This is a descriptive study, quantitative and cross-sectional design, in which were used the Instrument to Assess Quality of Life (WHOQOL-Bref) from the World Health Organization - WHO, the Scale of Subjective Well-being and a Questionnaire of Sociodemographic Characteristics. Participated in this study 257 students of both genders and six undergraduate courses in a national university. The data analysis of the quality of life showed that the area with the highest average score (15.23) was the social relations and the worst (12.87) was the environment. When compared to other studies these students in general showed a worse quality of life. As for the scale factors of subjective well-being was found higher mean score (3.80) at the frequency of negative emotions in comparison with the positive emotions (3.27) and with the satisfaction with life (3.57). The majority of students, 185 (72 %) showed subjective well-being moderate. Through these results, it is necessary to think of actions for the prevention and health promotion with the aim of minimizing or eliminating the negative aspects found to strengthen the positive. The results of this study indicate the need for expansion of the policies to assist the student, with psychosocial interventions with the aim of improving the indices of subjective well-being and quality of life. / Considerando a expansão do ensino superior e do aumento do número de estudantes universitários, aumentam-se as demandas e a necessidade de se promover um desenvolvimento integral para o estudante. Diante disso, esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida e o bem-estar subjetivo de estudantes universitários. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e de delineamento transversal, no qual foram utilizados o Instrumento de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida (WHOQOL-Bref) da Organização Mundial da Saúde - OMS, a Escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo - EBES e um Questionário de Caracterização Sociodemográfica. Participaram desse estudo 257 estudantes de ambos os gêneros e de seis cursos de graduação de uma universidade federal. A análise dos dados da qualidade de vida mostrou que o domínio com maior média (15,23) foi o de relações sociais e o pior (12,87) foi o de meio ambiente. Quando comparado a outros estudos, esses estudantes, em geral, apresentaram pior qualidade de vida. Quanto aos fatores da Escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo foi encontrado maior média (3,80) na frequência de emoções negativas em comparação com as emoções positivas (3,27) e com a satisfação com a vida (3,57). A maioria dos estudantes, 185 (72%) apresentaram bem-estar subjetivo moderado. Através desses resultados, faz-se necessário pensar em ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde com o objetivo de amenizar ou eliminar os aspectos negativos encontrados e de fortalecer os positivos. Os resultados desse estudo apontam para a necessidade de uma ampliação das políticas de assistência ao estudante, com intervenções psicossociais que objetivem melhorar os índices de bem-estar subjetivo e de qualidade de vida.

O consumo de substâncias psicoativas (SPA) entre os universitários é mais frequente que na população em geral, o que reforça a necessidade de um maior conhecimento desse fenômeno para o desenvolvimento de ações de prevenção. Objetivo: construir um perfil do universitário no município de Governador Valadares e obter subsídios para a construção de uma estratégia de intervenção preventiva a partir da perspectiva dos próprios universitários. Método: Um estudo transversal realizado com 384 universitários das faculdades/universidades do município, com aplicação de um questionário estruturado, a fim de obter dados sociodemográficos e caracterização da amostra, padrão de consumo e frequência do uso, possibilidade de sofrimento mental, caracterização dos fatores de risco e proteção ao uso e intervenções preventivas mais eficazes na opinião dos universitários. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada a prova Qui-quadrado ou Escala de Fisher e o método da Regressão Logística, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Dentre os principais resultados, destaca-se: a) o uso na vida predominante de álcool (57,3%), seguido de maconha (42,2%) e tabaco (41,7%); uso intenso apenas para o álcool (28%); 18,5% dos universitários podem estar em sofrimento mental. Conclusão: Os achados desse estudo norteiam sobre o planejamento de programas de prevenção mais condizentes com as características e necessidade desse grupo, o que pode contribuir para a eficácia destes. / The consumption of psychoactive substances among university students is more frequent than in the general population, which reinforces the need for a greater knowledge of this phenomenon for the development of prevention actions. Objective: to build a university profile in the municipality of Governador Valadares and obtain subsidies for the construction of a preventive intervention strategy from the perspective of the university students themselves. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 384 college / university students from the municipality, applying a structured questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic data and sample characterization, pattern of consumption and frequency of use, possibility of mental suffering, characterization of factors of risk and protection to the use and preventive interventions more effective in the opinion of the university students. The chi-square or Fisher's scale test and the Logistic Regression method were used to analyze the data, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Among the main results, we highlight: a) the predominant life use of alcohol (57.3%), followed by marijuana (42.2%) and tobacco (41.7%); Intense use only for alcohol (28%); 18.5% of college students may be in mental distress. Conclusion: The findings of this study guide the planning of prevention programs more in line with the characteristics and needs of this group, which may contribute to their effectiveness.