In the 1980s, Laws No: 2981 and 3290 were putting forward important amount of development rights creation by improvement plans. This promise of development by party politics provided potential of political rent. This study will not take into account this political rent created but the realization of this development promised. The development by improvement plans could not be realized. In some areas, transformation from gecekondu to apartment blocks occurred by the hands of market mechanism and construction sector. However in some areas, the intervention of the public sector was necessary for transformation. The aim of this study is to discuss the planning and development issues under the mixed economies through dynamics of urban transformation and the phenomena of urban non-transformation in areas where development rights by improvement plans were assigned in the case of Ankara city under a comparative approach. The comparative case study puts forward the existing situation as a concrete problem and analyzing it with reference to direct observation, interviews with various actors, historicity (historical development of Ankara macroform among inter-relations between planning decisions, macroeconomy and legal regulations thus public and capital) and the quantitative data. Then, improvement planning in Turkish case is evaluated by reference to similar World examples. This evaluation leads us to the inter-relational concepts of public policy and rent concerning gecekondu improvement thus to the evaluation of improvement areas by reference to rent concept and Turkish urban land and housing market covering the urban growth and capital accumulation issues. Then the study is concluded.

FRAME ALIGNMENT STRATEGIES IN THE RIGHT TO SHELTERING MOVEMENT: THE CASE OF DIKMEN VALLEY, ANKARA Aykan, Beg&uuml / m M.S., Department of Sociology Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Helga Rittersberger Tili&ccedil / July 2011, 146 pages By the increasing hegemony of neoliberalism following the 1980s, urban transformation projects are becoming increasingly widespread. The present market oriented and rent seeking formulations of the urban transformation projects, leave the gecekondu dwellers who live in the areas to be transformed, outside the redistribution process of the produced rent and lead to the eviction of lower-income gecekondu population from the city to the periphery. Dislocations of this sort as they impose additional burdens to the already disadvantageous populations enhance the urban unevenness. Nevertheless there is an expanding gecekondu resistance against those projects. And Dikmen Valley Right to Sheltering Movement (DVRtSM) is a successful social movement that has been emerged by the organization of this gecekondu resistance which has developed against the implementation of the 4th and 5th Phases of Dikmen Valley Urban Transformation Project. DVRtSM has a strong influence over similar cases of grievances sourced by the neoliberal urbanization: as to this it can be regarded as a model of Right to Sheltering Movements. v The thesis aims to make an analysis of the strategic framing processes of the organization of the DVRtSM, by exploration of the frame alignment strategies which are regarded as decisive factors of movement

The collapse of USSR in 1991 became a starting point for many deep changes in Eastern and Central Europe. These changes affected not only politics, but all spheres of life. Urban development reflected it as well. The post-Soviet urban transformation is a specific chapter in history of the cities. In our work we will focus on the influence of cultural activities on districts' development with examples of Užupis in Vilnius and Kalamaja in Tallinn. Today both of these districts are known because of their artistic image and quick development. At the same time, these two capitals of Baltic states are registered on UNESCO World heritage list and Užupis and Kalamaja are parts of the protected areas. To support the balance between preservation of the historical heritage and modern development is an important issue for both of them. We will consider the influence of cultural activities on district's development and distinctive features of these processes in cases of Užupis and Kalamaja. Key words: urban transformation, urban development, Cultural quarters, urban districts, cultural heritage, post-Soviet, Baltic states Абстракт Распад СССР в 1991 стал отправной точкой для множества глубоких изменений в Восточной и Центральной Европе. Изменения затронули не только политику, но и все сферы жизни, также они...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:39:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2205.pdf: 2600606 bytes, checksum: 8d166e8247f61b699d49e364657dc55d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-26 / The cities building is interconnected to the logic of wealth s accumulation, guide of the capitalist society where we are in. In this way, the city comes up with segregated, divided and dominated spaces which do not allow good conditions for housings and urban infra-structure to a big quantity of people, giving new shapes and increasing the actual social inequality. This work understands the cities building as a complex relationship between a lot of social practices which interacts one to each other, sometimes more conflicting and sometimes less conflicting, and the study will be concentrated on the social practice urban transformations, carried through the public government, on regions occupied by low income s population . From the premise that on the social practices coexist educative process, through of what the participants of those practices learn and teach, this study looks to identify the educational process present on the social practice studied. The work characterize by it self as a qualitative research done from a case study, which configures as a urban area occupied by a low income s population, identified as Orfanato , located in the south area of São Carlos city, interior of São Paulo State. From the intervention of the municipal public government this occupation is being completely removed to a region in the other extreme of city, and what, besides the removal, contemplate the building of a housing state through the mutirão process that when putted families from some city s region together and under the municipal public government coordination, edify a new district. The removing process ends in an Orfanato's population dividing, where part of the population have engaged in the mutirão program and some have not. In the mentioned case, I demand to identify the educative process present in such urban transformation, with emphasis for those process that point to indicatives of inhabitant s autonomy of the Orfanato, meaning, conducting their own lives. / A construção das cidades está interligada à lógica do acúmulo de riquezas, norte da sociedade capitalista em que estamos inseridos. Dessa forma, a cidade materializa espaços segregados, divididos e dominados, que não permitem o acesso a boas condições de habitação e infra-estrutura urbana para uma grande quantidade de pessoas, dando novos contornos e potencializando as desigualdades existentes na sociedade. Este trabalho entende a construção das cidades como uma relação complexa entre muitas práticas sociais que interagem entre si. Dentre elas, este estudo se foca na seguinte prática social: transformações urbanas, realizadas a partir de intervenções do poder público, em regiões ocupadas por populações de baixa renda. A partir da premissa de que nas práticas sociais coexistem processos educativos, através dos quais os integrantes de tais práticas aprendem e ensinam, este estudo procura identificar os processos educativos presentes na prática social estudada. O trabalho se caracteriza como uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada a partir do estudo de caso de uma área urbana ocupada por população de baixa renda, denominada Orfanato , que se localiza na região sul da cidade de São Carlos, interior do estado de São Paulo. A coleta de dados da pesquisa foi realizada a partir de dois instrumentos principais, o diário de campo com anotações das inserções e as entrevistas com moradores, gravadas e transcritas. A partir da intervenção do poder público municipal, a ocupação em estudo está sendo integralmente removida para uma região no outro extremo da cidade, onde está sendo realizada a construção de um conjunto habitacional através de um processo de mutirão. No caso mencionado, procuro identificar os processos educativos presentes em tal transformação urbana, com ênfase para os processos que apontem para indícios de autonomia dos moradores do Orfanato, no sentido de conseguirem conduzir suas próprias vidas. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir das seguintes categorias: Fracionamento, Transitoriedade, Construção de vínculos e Reorganização das relações.

Dans la rencontre entre l’architecture contemporaine et le patrimoine bâti, la thèse propose de s’affranchir de la polarité conservation-création en analysant l’actualisation patrimoniale en tant que phénomène culturel à l’œuvre. La cohabitation entre le nouveau et l’ancien en architecture, si elle se pratique depuis plus de deux mille ans, est devenue un enjeu au XXe siècle.L’explosion des formes en architecture contemporaine, parallèlement à la montée d’une prédominance de la signature de l’architecte, semble a priori difficilement réconciliable avec l’extension de la notion de patrimoine, extension autant sémantique que géographique et spatiale. Or, que ce soit pour des raisons économiques et environnementales, fonctionnelles ou patrimoniales, les insertions d’éléments d’architecture contemporaine sur des bâtiments patrimoniaux transforment désormais le patrimoine d’objet-relique en un projet dynamique, constituant un genre architectural particulier et indépendant.L’actualisation est une façon de réinterpréter le patrimoine en lui donnant un sens actuel grâce à une action (en l’occurrence, un ajout architectural dans un style contemporain), ce qui modifie les représentations du lieu tout en lui ajoutant une couche de significations. Ce processus communicationnel se pose ainsi comme une réponse à l’obsolescence patrimoniale ; en transformant les représentations d’un lieu par un langage contemporain et en s’immisçant dans son processus de patrimonialisation.À travers trois cas espagnols récents, l’actualisation est observée dans trois types de manifestations : la « ponctuation » à l’œuvre dans l’accès au centre CaixaForum de Barcelone (Arata Isozaki), la « prolongation » du musée national Centre d’art Reina Sofía à Madrid (Jean Nouvel) et, finalement, la « révélation » du musée du Théâtre romain de Carthagène (Rafael Moneo) / In the relationship between contemporary architecture and built heritage, the concept of actualization (as a cultural phenomenon) offers an alternative to the opposition between old/new. Even if new architecture in old buildings has existed for 2,000 years, it became an important issue in the field of conservation during the 20th century.The explosion of new forms in contemporary architecture, together with the rise of iconic architecture and so-called starchitects, seems difficult to reconcile with the extension of heritage signification—semantically, geographically and spatially. However, new architecture within an existing fabric is sometimes necessary for economic, environmental or functional reasons, as well as for the sake of heritage. It is thus part of the actual praxis. From relic-object, heritage converts itself into a dynamic project, thus creating a particular and independent architectural style.Actualization is a way of reinterpreting heritage by giving it meaning through action (as in this case of grafting contemporary designs onto existing structures). This process of communication acts as a response to the obsolescence of heritage; by transforming a site’s representations and significance with a contemporary language and by intertwining itself in the patrimonialization process.The resulting architectural hybridity helps to create a mediation space that is both physical (with the architectural forms) and symbolic (through heritage and its representation). Three recent Spanish transformations are the object of a case study to analyze actualization through different manifestations: “punctuation” with CaixaForum access in Barcelona (Arata Isozaki), the “prolongation” of the National Museum Reina Sofía in Madrid (Jean Nouvel) and finally, the “revelation” of the Museum of the Roman Theatre of Cartagena (Rafael Moneo). These cases are supported by international examples

Dissertação(mestrado)-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e da Informação, 2011. / Submitted by Caroline Silva (krol_bilhar@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-26T15:51:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Thaize_da_Luz.pdf: 11578024 bytes, checksum: df53733c7534d11bf278b0515c7f5732 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2012-08-03T21:30:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Thaize_da_Luz.pdf: 11578024 bytes, checksum: df53733c7534d11bf278b0515c7f5732 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-08-03T21:30:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Thaize_da_Luz.pdf: 11578024 bytes, checksum: df53733c7534d11bf278b0515c7f5732 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Este trabalho aborda a questão da função social dos espaços públicos na cidade do Rio Grande. Trabalhamos com as praças Tamandaré, Xavier Ferreira e Sete de Setembro. Os espaços abordados correspondem a praças de características distintas, espaços remanescentes de transformações urbanas, assim como espaços lineares potencialmente ricos na capacidade de acolher os cidadãos em seus percursos pela cidade. Através de procedimentos de observação direta, de forma aleatória e de registros fotográficos realizados nas áreas, foram levantados dados diversos que permitem tecer considerações a respeito da necessidade de se garantir aos cidadãos um espaço público de qualidade. Nesse sentido, o trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre a função social dos espaços públicos rio-grandinos. / This work focuses on the issue of social function in the public spaces in the city of Rio Grande. We‘ve worked with Tamandaré, Xavier Ferreira and Sete de Setembro squares. The approached spaces correspond to squares of distinct characteristics, spaces remained of urban transformation, as well as linear spaces potentially rich in the capacity of receiving the citizens in their journeys through the city. Through direct observation procedures, aleatory displacements, and photographic records accomplished in those areas, diverse data was raised which enables to make considerations about the need of assuring a good quality public space to the citizens. Accordingly, the work proposes a reflection on the social function in public at Rio Grande.

Cette étude a pour but de comprendre Séoul, capitale de la Corée du sud, du point de vue de la forme urbaine. Séoul, qui se situe en Asie de l’Est, est connue comme une ville historique majeure à laquelle furent appliqués des traditions de production et de gestion des villes ainsi que des modèles de ville propres à cette aire de civilisation, hérités de l’époque ancienne. Elle a subi des extensions accélérées et connu des transformations radicales à l’époque moderne, notamment depuis les années 1960.La forme urbaine actuelle de Séoul nous montre plusieurs aspects complexifiés et subtiles à lire: ceux bien lisibles d’une part et ceux peu lisibles d’autre part. Pour comprendre la forme urbaine de Séoul, qui comprend tous ces aspects, nous avons naturellement choisi d’étudier d’abord le centre ancien historique de la ville. Nous avons examiné sa forme urbaine ancienne et la transformation de cette dernière à travers des analyses formelles autour des points suivants: les rapports entre la forme urbaine et le modèle de capitale des Zhouli, le fengshui, et les traditions de production et de gestion des villes en Corée; puis les rapports entre la forme urbaine et la topographie particulière « du fengshui » de Séoul et le système du Bang-Dong. Nous avons par ailleurs prêté attention au dispositif structural particulier des B.A.C.C. et du réseau viaire arrière apparu dans le centre ancien et examiné également la forme urbaine au niveau du tissu urbain. Ensuite, pour comprendre la forme urbaine « moderne » de Séoul, nous avons sélectionné le quartier de Gangnam et l’avons analysé plus ou moins selon les même points que ceux cités précédemment. Enfin, nous avons mis en avant des rapports entre la forme urbaine historique du centre ancien et celle moderne du quartier de Gangnam. Dans cette recherche nous nous sommes penché sur l’identification en premier lieu de l’entité de la forme urbaine de Séoul, puis des caractéristiques de cette dernière, en utilisant des méthodes d’analyse « pratique » de la forme urbaine développées en Europe.A travers cette étude, nous avons pu déduire le fait que dans le passé la ville de Séoul a possédé des caractéristiques formelles urbaines particulières telles que la hiérarchie, l’introversion, la dualité, etc, qui peuvent être considérées comme des « spécificités formelles séouliennes », et qu’une grande partie de ces qualités se succédaient dans le centre ancien actuel transformé et le quartier moderne de Gangnam. / This study aims to understand Seoul, capital of south Korea, from the point of view of urban form. Seoul, which is located in East Asia, is known as a major historic city in which traditions of city making and city models, which are unique in this area of civilization and inherited from ancient times, were applied. It has underwent accelerated extension and experienced radical transformations in modern era especially since the 1960s.Actual urban form of Seoul shows us complicated and subtle aspect to read : well readable one on one hand and hardly readable one on the other hand. To understand this type of urban form of Seoul we have naturally taken historic ancient center of this city as object of study. We have examined its ancient urban form and its formal transformation by means of formal analysis around following points: relations between the urban form and Zhouli’s capital model, fengshui, and traditions of city making in Korea; and relations between the urban form and particular topography ‘of fengshui’ of Seoul, and Bang-Dong system. We have paid special attention to particular structural system of B.A.C.C. and of rear road network, appeared in ancient center, and also examined the urban form on the level of urban tissue. Next, to understand ‘modern’ urban form of Seoul we have selected Gangnam district and analysed it more or less according to the same points as those above mentioned. Finally, we have explored relation between urban form of historic ancient center and that of modern Gangnam district. In this research we have considered the question of identification, firstly, of entity of urban form of Seoul, and then of characteristics of the last through using ‘practical’ analyse method of urban form which was developed in Europe.Through this study we could deduce the fact that, in the past, city of Seoul possessed particular urban formal characteristics such as hierarchy, introversion, duality, etc, which could be considered as ‘Seoul’s formal specificity’, and that a large part of this quality is succeeded in transformed present ancient center and modern Gangnam district.

Denna uppsats analyserar i första hand hur stort utrymme begreppet platsspecificitet får i dagens stadsplanering. I andra hand ser studien på hur plats i en allt mer generaliserad stadsplanering förhåller sig till dagens planeringsideal. Ett vanligt förekommande är att nya stadsdelar byggs utefter samma ideal, med liknande arkitektur, oavsett om det sker i en hamn, centralt i staden eller på åkermark. Planerare verkar sällan göra någon djupare platsanalys vilket kan leda till att unika plastkvaliteter förbises. I skandinavien börjar dock städer tänka mer på hur en plats kvaliteter kan upptäckas och skapas före marken exploateras permanent. I danska Köge finns stadsomvandlingsprojektet Köge Kyst, där temporära aktiviteter och mänsklig interaktion är en stor del av planeringsfasen. Genom att studera detta projektet visar den här uppsatsen ett exempel på hur en skandinavisk stad förhåller sig till plats i förhållande till rådande stadsbyggnadsideal. Med teoretiska analysverktyg studeras Köge Kyst-projektets visioner, planering och utförande där fokus ligger på platsanvändning och planeringsideal. Studien visar att Köge Kyst trots sina nya metoder för platsanvändning slutar i en stadsdel som inte sticker ut från mängden. En slutsats studien drar är att problematik uppstår många gånger i mötet mellan plats och ideal, där dessa två faktorer ofta krockar. Uppsatsen ger därför utrymme för fortsatt forskning kring platsens betydelse för hur en god och platsspecifik stadsdel kan skapas. / This study analyzes at first hand how much room the construct sitespecificity gets in today`s urban planning. In second hand this study has looked into how site in an ever more generalized urban planning relates to today´s planning ideal. A common occurrence is that new districts are built according to the same ideal, with similar architecture, no matter whether it takes part in a harbor, central in the city, or on arable land. Planners rarely seem to do a deeper site analysis, which can lead to unique sitequalities being disregarded. In Scandinavia, however, cities are beginning to think more about how a sites qualities can be discovered and created before the land is permanently built. In Danish Køge, there is an urban transformation project called Køge Kyst, where temporary activities and human interaction are a large part of the planning phase. By studying this project, this essay has provided an example of how a Scandinavian city relates to site in relation to the current planning ideal.  With theoretical analysis tools, the Køge Kyst project´s visions, planning and execution are studied, where the focus is on site-use, and planning ideals. The study shows that Køge Kyst, despite its new methods of site-use, ends up in a city transformation that does not stand out from the crowd. One conclusion the study draws is that problems often arise in the relationship between place and ideal, where these two factors often clash. This essay therefore provides scope for further research about the importance of site-understanding for the creation of new site-specific districts.

Renewing the current thirdspace model is a critical step towards creating a sustainable future for cities. A thirdspace must possess specific qualities that go beyond simply creating conversation and building community. It must foster meaningful dialogue that inspires civic mobilization and drives action toward sustainability. Mobilization is seen as the antithesis to the number one problem in thirdspaces today: capitalist consumerism. In order for a thirdspace to be transformational, it must allow for the creation of strong and resilient networks within communities - both socially and ecologically. This project explores the challenge of renewing the thirdspace model in order to create urban transformation. By first, analyzing the transformation of thirdspaces in the site of Hägerstensåsen, Midsommarkransen, and Telefonplan; identifying the key opportunities and challenges posed by the context towards thirdspaces; and accumulating situated knowledges, we identified 3 key principles of transformation leading us into strategies to be applied in the site. In doing so, we challenge the dominant consumption patterns and lifestyles by proposing a thirdspace future where kinship with nature co-exists with kinship with community through a network of thirdspaces that are spatially designed and programmatically specific to expand from creating conversation and community into creating meaningful dialogue that activates civic mobilization.

Parking garages belong to the basic inventory of today’s cities, however their existence and contribution to the urban fabric is marginally discussed under the urban themes of structural transformation, environmental underperformance and socio-cultural fragmentation. This thesis is a study of parking infrastructure in the inner-city of Malmö with a particular focus on rooftops as spaces of opportunities for a sustainable urban development.The thesis aims to investigate whether an integration of parking garages into the urban fabric of their local environment can contribute to a more equal, mixed-use city development through adaptive reuse of the rooftops as public green spaces.Based on a literature review on public space transformation, urban green spaces, its threats and services and an investigation of a specific case study, this thesis identifies parking garages as potential spaces to compensate a lack of urban green and public environment. The study of possible integration of public and green services into the existing structures of parking garages is performed on the level of a city wide analysis, as well as in a particular context of a central district in Malmö. The study shows that the location of parking garages within network nodes of an increasingly mobile society and fragmented city structure could be strategic locations for additional uses. Furthermore an evaluation of parking garage usage has confirmed, that stand-alone, open-roof structures have been affected by vacancy, specifically in the upper floors due to decrease of demand for car parking in the central parts of Malmö. Finally this study concludes that parking garages are overlooked nodes with further potentials for adaptive reuse.