Intimate partner violence is the most prevalent category of violence that women are experiencing and, globally, 30% of women are estimated to have suffered physical, emotional, or sexual IPV. Nigeria lacks clear anti-IPV legislation, and the proportion of IPV has received widespread attention from a human rights perspective. This study aims to investigate whether or not women’s level of education is related to their experience of intimate partner violence. The study was a quantitative cross-sectional study that used secondary data analysis from the population-based 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Data on 2728 ever-married women were used and logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the effect women’s level of education has on their experience of Intimate partner violence. The key findings of the results concluded that women with secondary education had higher odds of experiencing any form of intimate partner violence compared to uneducated women. Women’s education was not found associated significantly with emotional IPV. Education has a protective effect on physical IPV and sexual IPV for women with primary education. Women’s level of education had a protective effect on some aspects of the violence.

The fresh idea of including men in feminist campaigning might be a reaction to a postfeminist context with much uncertainty towards the feminist movement and arises a never-ending complex and contested issue within the feminist theory. This research aims at understanding the rise of feminist communication on social media, particularly on Instagram, with a special focus on men’s representation and involvement. Therefore, this paper will study men’s engagement in feminist digital campaigning on Instagram; and their representation and participation in this type of activism without ostracizing women. In recent years, social media have gained an increasing number of users, transforming these platforms into daily communication tools. Notably, Instagram has achieved considerable success with a growing use in e-commerce campaigns and social activism. In this context, this report will reduce its scope to Instagram feminist accounts in Spain and will consider the potential of social media for change by conducting surveys to feminist organisations and social media users and analysing the contents published by feminist influencers. All in all, this study responds to existing debates on how (or if) men should be included in the feminist movement. The clear conclusion to this DP is that there is not a simple answer to this matter.

Women living in northern Nigeria face a herculean challenge of overcoming direct and indirect violence. These include domestic violence, political instability, social inequality, and the threat of Boko Haram. Boko Haram is an extremist militant group that has been known to kidnap, rape, and torture women and young girls as means of terrorizing the Nigerian community. Northern Nigerian women have also faced challenges within their own community as they are barred from participating in public activities, are under-represented in government, forced into early marriages, and are often victims of domestic violence. This study examines the lived experiences of women peacebuilders living in northern Nigeria as they negotiate regional conflicts and manage the peacebuilding process. Seven northern Nigerian females between the ages of 30 to 60 were recruited to participate in this study. All came from diverse backgrounds but shared a commonality of peace building and conflict management within their respective communities. The goal of this study was to better understand the meaning of these experiences and to uncover how these women handle these daily challenges. Feminist standpoint and structural violence theories provide the theoretical framework to dissect the essence of their experiences. The study adopted Clark Moustaka’s approach towards conducting transcendental phenomenological research methods and procedure. The results of the study will inform project design and policy formulation and serve as a source for future research and interventions by development agencies and other stakeholders interested in peace within the region.

Edna O'Brien and Marian Keyes are two sexually candid female writers. They are both from Ireland and their novels have caused many spectacular headlines over the years. These female authors have been greatly acclaimed, but also sharply criticised for their outspoken way of writing. However they have enjoyed huge success and their novels have been read by many people. This essay will focus on two of the many novels written by these Irish authors: The Country Girls by Edna O'Brien and Anybody Out There? by Marian Keyes. In the following essay I will focus on Irish women represented in the novels of Keyes and O'Brien, and their relation to men but also to their daughters. In these novels, women are forced into strict gender roles, very different from those of men. Still, even though the older women in the novels are trapped in their roles, they encourage their daughters to develop and grow beyond such roles. I would argue that the novels and also the feminist actions that still occur in Ireland are built upon a long time of subordination for women, and also from the twisted structure in many of the Irish men-women-relationships. I would argue that the rules and roles created in historical Ireland, have formed an inequality between the sexes that still exists.

Les joueuses (femmes) sont devenues plus actives sur le marché des jeux mobiles ces dernières années. Et les jeux vidéo pour femmes, qui étaient auparavant une catégorie de niche, ont fait leur entrée sur le marché en raison de l’augmentation de l’auditoire. Dans le même temps, cependant, peu de recherches ont été menées sur ces jeux dans le milieu universitaire, en particulier en Europe et aux États-Unis. Par conséquent, l’objectif principal de ce mémoire est d’analyser le design des personnages de cette catégorie de jeux, en abordant le cas de Mr. Love : Queen’s Choice, un jeu mobile pour femmes qui est devenu un grand succès sur le marché asiatique. Sur la base du cadre conceptuel des valeurs dans les jeux proposés par Mary Flanagan et Jonathan Belman (Flanagan et Nissenbaum, 2014) ainsi que la théorie sémiotique de Roland Barthes (1964), ce mémoire étudie les caractéristiques des personnages dans les jeux vidéo pour femmes, sous quatre aspects principaux : les caractéristiques de base du jeu, le gameplay (la façon dont on joue), l’esthétique et la narration. Le mémoire est divisé en six chapitres. Le premier chapitre est l’introduction, qui présente le contexte et la signification du sujet ; le deuxième chapitre est la revue de la littérature, qui vise à recenser les résultats de la recherche académique actuelle sur les jeux vidéo, les jeux mobiles, les questions de genre dans les jeux et les jeux orientés vers les femmes ; le troisième chapitre présente la problématique; le quatrième chapitre aborde la méthodologie et présente brièvement les principales idées directrices et la structure tout au long du processus de recherche. Le cinquième chapitre est entièrement consacré à l’analyse pour répondre à la problématique et le dernier chapitre est constitué d’une conclusion et des discussions. / Female players (women) have become more active in the mobile game market in recent years. And women’s games, which used to be a niche category, have entered the public eye due to the increased audience. At the same time, however, not much research has been done on these games in academia, especially in Europe and the US. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to analyse the character design of this category of games, addressing the case of Mr. Love: Queen's Choice, a mobile game for women that has become a big hit in the Asian market. Based on the elements of game value research proposed by Belman, this paper will study the character design features in this category of games from four major aspects: basic game features, gameplay, aesthetics and narrative. At the same time, since the study of this paper does not involve any interviews, it mainly focuses on textual analysis. The ideas of textual analysis in it are mainly inspired by Roland Barthes’ mythology as well as semiotic theory. The paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which presents the context and meaning of the topic; the second chapter is the literature review, which aims to identify the results of current academic research on video games, mobile games, gender issues in games and women-oriented games; the third chapter presents the problematic; the next chapter discusses the methodology and briefly presents the main guiding ideas and structure throughout the research process. The fifth chapter is entirely devoted to the analysis to answer the problematic and the last chapter constitutes a conclusion and discussions.

The main health interventions for health promotion and disease prevention that should be performed in women in the Peruvian health system are described. A review of normative technical documents and the recommendations of the main organizations for worldwide prevention was carried out. The prevention activities included physical activity, healthy eating, tobacco counseling, immunizations; In addition, the main screening for women, such as depression, violence, cardiovascular risk, cervical cytology, mammography, colon cancer, are detailed; and within the spectrum of quaternary prevention, interventions that have not shown evidence of benefit to women are detailed. The health interventions that are offered from the Peruvian health system for women, being merely focused on reproductive aspects, lose the conception of integrality that should prevail for the maintenance of health. In that sense, it is proposed to develop strategies that not only have evidence, but also know how to respond to the needs of women in the Peruvian context. / Revisión por pares

Muslim women’s rights, and gender equality in the Muslim world, are commonly discussed subjects within the academic world. Feminism, as a term, is often connected to this topic of discussion. This thesis aims to analyze two different perspectives concerning how these rights should be achieved: Islamic feminism, using internal resources, and Muslim feminism, using external resources. Islamic feminism, as a strategy, proposes that by interpreting the Quran, the ultimate revelation of God, Islam could provide the central and egalitarian meaning of the Quran. There is disagreement within the academic community whether Islamic feminism would enable these rights. Muslim feminism, as a counterpoint to Islamic feminism, proposes that the state must become secularized. Rendering Islam and the state as separate entities.    This thesis will utilize the theoretical perspective on Islam and feminism from five feministic academics. They all have different backgrounds, standpoints, and approaches towards the development of Muslim women’s rights, as well as what strategies they suggest to improve them. These strategies encounter different kinds of difficulties. The Islamic feminism, which uses the Quran, runs the risk of being too heavily associated with already established interpretations of the Quran. It may be seen as intertwined with existing fundamentalist views. On the opposite side of the spectrum, Muslim feminism may create a divide between Islam and women’s rights. This thesis aims to present the potential of different theoretical perspectives on Islam and feminism as well as the limitations on suggested strategies for improvement of Muslim women’s rights.

Sponsorship is an essential part of marketing communications within sports (Biscaia et al., 2014). Congruence, or the degree to which a sponsor and an event mesh, is one of the main factors influencing sponsorship memory accuracy (Evans, 2019). It is found that, within women’s sports, demand for research on how to maximize the efficiency of sponsorships exists.The research aims to find if sponsors and sponsees could look towards sponsorships with more external congruence to increase the value of the sponsorship to both the sponsor and sponsee. The study uses a survey to find correlations between the amount of external congruence and the degree to which sponsorship objectives are reached. The External Sponsorship Congruence Scale (ESCS), developed by Evans (2019), is used as a basis for measurement of external congruence. The key finding is that the perceived quality of a brand seems to correlate with having a sponsorship that is high in external congruence. Furthermore, both areas of brand awareness and brand image could possibly see some correlation to external congruence. However, those areas were not found to be statistically significant in this study. These findings are important to develop the concept of external congruence and find possible ways of measuring external congruence. For instance, it is found that the ESCS and its constructs seem to be useable in the field of women’s and niche sports. On a theoretical level, changes to the ESCS’s geographical congruence are proposed and a revised ESCS is presented. Moreover, managers within women’s and niche sports, as well as sponsors of those, can use the findings of this study to improve the chances of finding successful sponsorships.

This thesis studies the impact of the work of Elena Jordi during the first Spanish avant-garde period (1890-1920) and the relationship between the myth of Thaïs and her homonymous film released in 1918. Here I track the trajectory of her career from its beginnings to culmination, when she directed Thaïs while leading an innovative vaudeville theatre company. The first chapter discusses the activity of Jordi as a Catalan actress, and woman entrepreneur in vaudeville. It analyzes the effect of the introduction of foreign vaudevilles on the reception of her work by critics through the theorization of Herni Gidel´s on vaudeville as genre. The second chapter reviews the cinematographic work of Jordi and situates it within the context of Catalan cinema´s early development as Spain´s first woman film director. After reflecting about the possible cultural influences that informed Jordi’s Thaïs, I explore the literary origins of the Legend of the Saint, an hagiography of Greek origins, and review relevant literary, operatic, and cinematic productions that incorporated this myth during the early Spanish avant-garde period. My conclusion highlights the original and similar features of Elena Jordi and Thaïs in their respective fields and different manifestations, simultaneously placing Jordi’s Thaïs in dialogue with the myth´s resurrection and its impact on the avant-garde feminist milieu. This demonstrates the formative influence of both Jordi as a pioneering artist and the enduring cultural influence of the myth of Thais on twentieth-century cultural production.

The government in Poland led by the Law and Justice party (PiS) and characterized by its anti-genderism and right-wing populist politics, is framing its opposition to the Istanbul Convention in human rights language. This leads to a puzzling occurrence of the women’s rights Convention being opposed with rights rhetoric. This puzzle was addressed in the thesis by investigating how the PiS-led government is mimicking human rights rhetoric in their opposition to the Convention. That was done in accordance with the ‘Rights as Weapons’ theory, developed by Bob Clifford. Findings revealed that the PiS-led government in their right rhetoric denies the necessity, effectiveness, and apoliticality of the Convention, invokes fears, presents Polish society as victims of 'gender ideology,' and puts forward opposing rights to those enshrined in the Convention. Moreover, their rights rhetoric heavily relies on fear, misinformation, and misinterpretation of the Convention.