Dava Foods i Skara har varit anläggningen för det här examensarbetet där de bearbetar ägg i olika former. För det här arbetet har processen där de tillverkar proteindrycker som säljs till dagligvaruhandel legat i fokus. Huvudmålen för projektet var att ta fram en värdeflödeskarta för hur produktionen ser ut idag och föreslå förbättringar utifrån värdeflödeskartan. Det andra målet var att hitta vilka olika slöserier som förekommer och hitta förbättringar på detta. För att få en förståelse för processen gjordes en nulägesanlys där flödet observerades. Observationer och intervjuer användes för att samla in data till projektet. Nulägesanalysen låg till grund för arbetets genomförande fas. Under den genomförande fasen användes olika verktyg för att ta fram data. PDCA har varit ett verktyg som följts genom hela projektet. Värdeflödesanlysen var ett centralt verktyg som användes för att få fram en värdeflödeskarta. För att få fram de tider som behövdes för värdeflödeskartan användes ett tidtagarur. Projektet resulterade i olika förbättringsförslag där många förslag var att automatisera. Ett förslag var att byta ut en operatör mot en robotcell vilket skulle effektivisera processen i form av lägre genomloppstid. En annan lösning var att byta ut en maskin där det ofta förekommer stopp. Ett helautomatiserat förslag föreslogs av att kombinera dessa förslag med varandra, där både en robot och en maskin köps in. Det sista förslaget inom värdeflödesanlysen handlade om att bara producera en produktvariant i taget. Inom slöserierna föreslogs tre förslag där underhåll skulle vara den bästa lösningen för att minska slöseriet. För att bestämma vilket förslag som var bäst användes pick chart som verktyg. Slutsatsen är att inköpet av maskinen där det ofta förekommer stopp är förslaget att föredra. Detta skulle skapa en högre effektivitet i produktionen samtidigt som att förhållandet till inköpspris blir den bästa lösningen. Förbättrat underhåll skulle också vara en lösning för ökad effektivitet på befintlig maskinpark samt reducera antalet stopp. / Dava Foods in Skara has been the industry for this final year project where they processing egg in different conditions. For this project has the process where they manufacture protein drinks as they sold to the stores been in focus. The main goals for the project were to bring a value streaming map of the current state of the production and suggest improvements based on this map. The second goal was to find which types of wastes that occur and find improvements. To create an understanding of the existing process, an analysis was made where the stream was observed. Observations and interviews were used to collect data for the project. The analysis of the exciting process has been based on for the implementation stage. During the implementation stage was different tools used to collect data. PDCA has been a tool where was followed during the whole project. The value streaming map has been a central tool which was used to bring out a value streaming map. To collect the times which was needed for the value streaming map a stopwatch was used. The project result in different improvement proposal where many of the proposals included was to automate the processes. One solution was to change the operator against a robot cell which would streamline the process which would result in a lower throughput. Change machine was another solution where many stops occur. A full automation concept was suggested to combine these two suggestions, where both a robot and a machine was bought. The last suggestion of the value streaming map was about to just produces one product at a time. Within the wastes were three suggestions given where maintenance was the best solution to reduce the wastes. To determine which one of the suggestions was the best solution a pick chart was used to priority how hard the suggestion was and benefit. The conclusion was to purchasing the machine where stops frequently occur. This suggestion would create a higher efficiency in the production at the same time where the condition about price would give the best solution. Improvements of maintenance would also result as the best solution to increase the efficiency for the current machines and reduce the number of stops.

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This study aims to map and analyze ergonomic risk factors in a manufacturing company’spacking department. Based on the found ergonomic risk factors, the study aims to find potentialsuggestions for improvement. The company on which the work is carried out requires that theproposal measures do not adversely affect the efficiency of the packing lines. To enable amapping of the variants that make up the largest volume in the process, the question is firstanswered,  1. Which pack variants make up the largest volume in the packing department for sawsand how the weight is distributed between the pack variants?   By using ABC analysis, a categorization of all 156 pack variants that are packed in thedepartment were made. The analysis categorizes all pack variants into three categories, A, Band C, based on its volume. The result of the performed analysis generated 31 pack variants inthe A category. The pack variants in category. The categorization was then further categorizedinto three categories based on the weight of the chainsaw. The categorization is made to formcategories that are possible to study ergonomic risk factors for the study’s second question. 2. Which are the main ergonomic risk factors for the pack variants that are most criticalto the company? To map the different ergonomic risk factors in the different weight categories, frequencyanalysis was made. During the implementation of the frequency studies, it is assessed whichworking position the operator works in and how critical it is, based on the ergonomicperspective. Frequency analyses are made on the three different weight categories that wereestablished in the study. When the completion of the frequency analysis was made, the datafrom them were compiled into an FMEA-analysis. The FMEA results in a number of failuremodes that exceed an RPN value over 200 and are thus considered critical. For the failuremodes that exceed an RPN value of 200, measures were investigated in the studies thirdquestion.  3. How can the process be improved based on ergonomic perspective based on theidentified ergonomic risk factors, without negatively affecting the efficiency of theprocess? The proposed measure for the critical ergonomic risk factors was investigated throughbenchmarking. Internal benchmarking was made by observing other parts of the company.Potential proposed measures were also investigated through external benchmarking at variousretailers. The time impact of the proposed measures is assessed based on time studies and howthey affect the RPN values of the failure modes. After an evaluation of the proposes measures,these are combined into final solution proposals for the department’s two packing lines.

För många ineffektiva möten utgör idag en alltför stor del av anställdas arbetstid och det är inte ett optimalt sätt att använda mänskliga resurser på. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om användandet av mänskliga resurser kan optimeras genom effektivisering av möten med hjälp av automatisering och en tydlig modell. Studien är en fallstudie genomförd på ett litet svenskt företag och den har en deduktiv ansats. Empirin har samlats in genom observationer, intervju, enkäter samt genom att testa automatiseringsverktyget som utvecklats. Resultatet från studien visar att med hjälp av ett nytt komplett ramverk kan möten effektiviseras och till följd av detta så kan möteskulturen i företag förbättras och användandet av mänskliga resurser kan optimeras. Studiens slutsats är att dagens organisationer kan förbättra sin möteseffektivitet genom att automatisera delar av sin mötesplanering och därmed använda de mänskliga resurserna i organisationen på ett optimalt sätt.

This report investigates how the company Vätternkök AB can streamline its assembly and installation of kitchen frames. Vätternkök AB is a newly established company based in Jönköping, delivering kitchens, wardrobes, and bathroom furnishings in flat packs directly to construction sites. The kitchens are assembled and installed on-site by employees or hired carpenters.The project group conducted the thesis work over 18 weeks during the spring of 2024. Throughout the project, the group conducted literature reviews on how the assembly and installation of kitchen frames can be streamlined, performed analysis on both the construction and the carpenter's work onsite during a field study in Hultsfred, and developed proposals for improvements to the construction. What the group discovered during the field study was that the construction site was significantly behind schedule, making it difficult for the carpenter to carry out their work. This was the second installation the company conducted, and the same problem occurred as with the first installation.The group also conducted timing measurements to identify tasks that take up an unnecessarily long time and transitions between tasks. Through these timing measurements, the group identified several tasks that unnecessarily take a long time and could be changed or eliminated. The first is that the feet mounted on the kitchen frame require four holes each, which must be measured and drilled, where all kitchen frames have two or four legs. The second is the back panel of the kitchen frame, which is situated in a slot extending the height of the frame and then being stapled or nailed with a nail gun to keep it in place.With all the information from the literature study and analysis, the project group proposed changes to the existing construction. The first proposal is to pre-drill the holes for the feet of the frame, thus eliminating the steps of measuring and drilling the holes and saving time. The second proposal is to extend the bottom panel of the kitchen frame, blocking the slot when the back panel is attached and therefore eliminating the need to staple or nail it. Another proposal for the back panel is not to mill the slot all the way through the side panel and thus attach the back panel without stapling or nailing it. Additionally, the proposal regarding the feet can be combined with any of the proposals for the back panel, further streamlining the assembly and installation process.The conclusion of the work is that there is great potential for time savings during the assembly of the company's kitchen frames. By improving the construction, a saving of 26% of the assembly time for the frame can be achieved. The project group believes that further improvements can be found in the assembly method.The biggest time savings the company can make is by improving efficiency on-site. The assembly of kitchen frames ultimately became a very small part of the total time spent on-site. The messy construction site resulted in a lot of wasted time for the carpenter. By better planning to ensure that the assembly takes place at the right time, so it can be spent more efficiently.

This Bachelor?s Thesis concerns 20 points at the MDA educational program (People, Computers and Work) at Blekinge Institute of Technology in Ronneby. The MDA educational program focuses on how people use Information Technology and its design and development. Volvo Car Corporation is looking at the future possibilities of their development of their Drivers Information Module, DIM . Today all their instruments are analogical and as time go by, new features are added in the car. This overflow of instruments and information is more likely to confuse the driver than to assist him. Instead Volvo wants to focus on showing only the relevant information for the driver. So Volvo is designing a new Drivers Information Module, which works like a computer monitor. This gives a new perspective on how to show information for the driver. Our goal in this project is to give ideas on how the information can be displayed in this new version of the DIM and in what situations.

In order to survive in highly competitive local and global markets, it is vital to satisfy the changing demand of the customers. Thus, the importance of competitive factors arises. The companies should provide sufficient amount of products or services on time with the most advantageous prices and best possible quality. Additionally, flexibility is crucial to deal with the change in demand. Therefore, a flexible production system for manufacturers is vastly required. The aim of this Master Thesis is to provide a framework for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) that seek ISO 9001 and 14001 Certifications by proposing a Lean Production System. As a case study, the Swedish company CombiQ AB is investigated regarding its current situation with short and long term goals. Thereby, this framework includes the design of a suitable production system that meets CombiQ’s needs and additionally to that, instructs the company how to build up a Lean Production System. In parallel with ISO Certification requirements, two main Lean Techniques (5S and Kaizen) are explained and exemplified throughout the project. These techniques are straightly linked with the requirements of Quality Management Systems (ISO 9001) and Environmental Management Systems (ISO 14001). As for empirical data, this project is constructed by six interviews within the company and one additional interview with an ISO auditor. As a complement, operational and managerial processes are observed. Additionally, relevant literature is examined, presented and aligned with empirical findings in order to cover the essential concepts of this thesis. The final proposal is the usage of lean thinking as a core philosophy guided by the lean principles and techniques with the ISO requirements in parallel, which are the selected concepts to design a desired production system. Once the design is proposed; as further steps, the company would be able to continue the development process by implementing and starting-up the production. Last but not least; as the major outcome of this Lean Production System framework, the ISO certifications would be accomplished with a higher customer satisfaction and competitiveness.

The society today lives on the philosophy of ‘take-make-use-dispose.’ In the long run, this is not sustainable as the natural resources and the waste carrying capacity of the earth are limited. Therefore, it is essential to reduce dependency on the natural resources by decoupling the growth from the consumption. In this venture, both the society and the manufacturing industry have a vital role to play. The society needs to shift towards Circular Economy that rests upon the philosophy of ‘take-make-use-reuse’ and the manufacturing industry has to be a major stakeholder in this shift. Despite being proven to be both economically and environmentally beneficial, successful examples of circular systems are few today. This is primarily due to two reasons; firstly, there is a lack of systemic and systematic approach to guide industries and secondly, there is a lack of analysis methods and tools that are capable of assessing different aspects of circular manufacturing systems. Taking on to these challenges, the objective of this research is to bring forward a framework with methods and decision support tools that are essential to implement circular manufacturing systems. The initial conceptual framework with the systemic approach is developed based on extensive review and analysis of research, which is further adapted for industrial implementation. Systematic analysis methods, decision support and implementation tools are developed to facilitate this adaptation. This development has been supported by four cases from diverse manufacturing sectors. Behind each decision support tool, there are analysis methods built upon mainly system dynamics principles. These tools are based on simulation platforms called Stella and Anylogic. Among other things, these tools are capable of assessing the performance of closed-loop supply chains, consequences of resource scarcity, potential gains from resource conservation and overall economic and environmental performance of circular manufacturing systems. / <p>QC 20170522</p> / ResCoM: Resource Conservative Manufacturing- transforming waste into high value resource through closed-loop product systems

Motion planning for robot operations is concerned with path planning and trajectory generation. In multi-robot systems, i.e. with multiple robots operating simultaneously in a shared workspace, the motion planning also needs to coordinate the robots' motions to avoid collisions between them. The multi-robot coordination decides the cycle-time for the planned paths and trajectories since it determines to which extend the operations can take place simultaneously without colliding. To obtain the quickest cycle-time, there needs to bean optimal balance between, on the one hand short paths and fast trajectories, and on the other hand possibly longer paths and slower trajectories to allow that the operations take place simultaneously in the shared workspace. Due to the inter-dependencies, it becomes necessary to consider the path planning, trajectory generation and multi-robot coordination together as one optimisation problem in order to find this optimal balance.This thesis focusses on optimising the motion planning for multi-robot material handling systems of sheet metal parts. A methodology to model the relevant aspects of this motion planning problem together as one multi-disciplinary optimisation problem for Simulation based Optimisation (SBO) is proposed. The identified relevant aspects include path planning,trajectory generation, multi-robot coordination, collision-avoidance, motion smoothness, end-effectors' holding force, cycle-time, robot wear, energy efficiency, part deformations, induced stresses in the part, and end-effectors' design. The cycle-time is not always the (only) objective since it is sometimes equally/more important to minimise robot wear, energy consumption, and/or part deformations. Different scenarios for these other objectives are therefore also investigated. Specialised single- and multi-objective algorithms are proposed for optimising the motion planning of these multi-robot systems. This thesis also investigates how to optimise the velocity and acceleration profiles of the coordinated trajectories for multi-robot material handling of sheet metal parts. Another modelling methodology is proposed that is based on a novel mathematical model that parametrises the velocity and acceleration profiles of the trajectories, while including the relevant aspects of the motion planning problem excluding the path planning since the paths are now predefined.This enables generating optimised trajectories that have tailored velocity and acceleration profiles for the specific material handling operations in order to minimise the cycle-time,energy consumption, or deformations of the handled parts.The proposed methodologies are evaluated in different scenarios. This is done for real world industrial case studies that consider the multi-robot material handling of a multi-stage tandem sheet metal press line, which is used in the automotive industry to produce the cars' body panels. The optimisation results show that significant improvements can be obtained compared to the current industrial practice.

Volvo GTO Powertrain i Köping står inför införande av tre nya produktvarianter som ska ersätta befintliga produktvarianter. I dagsläget monteras produkterna som ska ersättas av de nya produktvarianterna i tre separata flöden. Införandet av de nya produktvarianterna medför att två av produktvarianterna ska tillverkas i samma monteringsflöde. Syftet med examensarbetet är att ta fram förslag på monteringsflöden som har flexibiliteten att producera två av de nya produktvarianterna i samma monteringsflöde med tillhörande provkörning. Monteringsflödet ska även klara av en säsongsberoende efterfrågan mellan 23 - 40 st produkter per skift, med en differens på ± 2,5 %. För att korrigera antalet som ska produceras beroende på säsong ska ske genom att korrigera antalet montörer i monteringsflödet och antalet operatörer i provkörningen. För att skapa en förståelse över de befintliga monteringsflödena har en nulägesanalys av monteringsflödena som ska slås ihop till ett flöde genomförts. Datainsamlingen i nulägesanalysen har genomförts genom intervjuer av produktionsteknisk personal, samt genom studerande av AviX analyserna på de befintliga monteringsflödena. Nulägesanalysen har varit till grund för att skapa en förståelse över hur monteringen fungerar i dagsläget.   Volvo har även tagit fram ett förslag på hur dom vill att det framtida monteringsflödet ska se ut. Volvos förslag har varit till grund för att skapa en förståelse över det tänkta framtida monteringsflödet med tillhörande provkörning. För att uppnå syftet med arbetet har två simuleringsmodeller skapats för att testa systemet under olika scenarier för att klara av den varierande efterfrågan. Den ena simuleringsmodellen använder sig av Volvos förslag på det framtida systemet och den andra modellen har genom experiment korrigerat cykeltiderna i provkörningen, arbetstempon i monteringsflödet har ombalanserats och tillgänglighet i provkörningen har ökats. Resultaten från experimenten är att simuleringsmodellen med korrigerade cykeltider, ombalanserad och ökad tillgänglighet klarar av den varierande efterfrågan på 40 produkter per skift. Det krävdes dock relativt stora korrigeringar från Volvos förslag för att uppnå önskad efterfrågan. För att avgöra antalet montörer och operatörer som krävs beroende på antalet efterfrågade produkter skapades en bemanningstabell. / Volvo GTO Powertrain is facing the introduction of three new product types of products which shall replace existing product types. In the current situation are the products, which shall be replace by new product types, assembled in three separate flows. The introduction of the new product types includes that two product types are being assembled in the same assembly flow. The purpose of this report is to make suggestions on assembly flows that have the flexibility to produces two of the new product types in the same assembly flow with associated trial area. The assembly flow shall also accomplish the customer’s demand depending on season with 23 - 40 products per shift, with a difference of ± 2,5 %. To adjust the quantity that shall be produced depending on season shall be done by adjusting the quantity of fitters in the assembly flow and the quantity of operators in the trial area. To create an understanding of the existing assembly flows has an analysis of the present situation, of the assembly flows which shall be combined into one assembly flow, been completed. The data collection in the analysis of the present situation has been completed through interviews with production engineers staff, also by studying the AviX analysis concerning the existing assembly flows. The analysis of the present situation has been founded to create an understanding of how the assembly works today. Furthermore, Volvo has developed a proposal on how the future assembly flow shall look like. Volvo’s proposal has been founded to create an understanding of the future assembly flow with associated trial area. To achieve the purpose of this work has two simulation models been created to test the system under different scenarios to manage the varying demand. One of the simulation models is using Volvo’s proposal on the future system and the other model has adjusted cycle times in the trial area through experiments, the work pace in the assembly flow has been rebalanced and the OEE in the trial run has been increased. The results from the experiments are that the simulation model with adjusted cycle times, rebalanced and increased OEE is capable of coping with the varying demand on 23 – 40 products per shift. However, relatively large adjustments were required from Volvo’s proposal to achieve the desired demand. A table of staffing was created to determine how many fitters and operators were required depending on the quantity of demanded products.