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The social enterprise ethos of prioritizing people over profits seems to align closely with disability-based organizations and their sister businesses created to provide vocational training and meaningful activity for clients. Rather than create a workplace tailored to a singular disability group, 541 Eatery & Exchange located in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada aims to deliver on the restaurant’s mandate to ‘welcome everyone around the table’ by fostering a work environment, culture and practices that are attuned to the needs of a diverse population of disabled people as one group among a broader community of paid employees and volunteers. Through an ethnographic case study and interviews a detailed picture of the successes and limitations of this model emerges as the café balances the demands of addressing food insecurity in a socially and economically challenged neighbourhood while simultaneously providing opportunities to develop new capacities, foster new forms of social encounter and work experience for its paid staff and volunteers. As demonstrated by the restaurant, organizing a business around the collective goal of placing people first and meeting them where they’re at – geographically, but also in terms of their physical, mental, and emotional state on the given day – can create a space of care, dignity, and authentic human connection within which to work while addressing the needs of its community members. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

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This paper examines the effect of high-speed broadband expansion on the rural population and number of rural workplaces in Sweden in the years 2009 and 2014. Previous studies conducted on the subject have found positive correlations between broadband expansion and economic growth. However, most previous studies have been focused on urban areas and the transition from no broadband to basic broadband. This study focuses on the shift from basic broadband to high-speed access in rural areas in all 290 municipalities of Sweden. This paper uses cross-sectional data to perform OLS regressions to test the effect that an expansion of high-speed broadband has on rural population and rural workplaces. An accessibility measure is constructed to control for different access that each municipality has to the rest of the population as well as to control for spatial dependencies. The results of this paper show that there is a significant correlation between high-speed broadband expansion and the number of rural workplaces.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among Healthy Work Environments (HWEs), nurse caring behaviors, and nursing-sensitive patient outcomes, specifically catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), patient falls with injury, and hospital-associated pressure injuries (HAPIs) Stage 2 and above in Magnet hospitals. A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, study was conducted between January 1, 2018, and February 28, 2018, in seven Magnet-designated hospitals in a large faith-based system in the United States. A convenience, non-probability, purposive sample of permanently employed, direct-care RNs assigned to inpatient adult medical-surgical, telemetry, progressive care, stepdown, and critical care units were eligible to participate in the study. Three hundred and thirty-nine of 2632 eligible direct-care RNs participated in the study resulting in an overall response rate of 13.0% with a range of 5.5%–38.1% across hospitals. Nurse participants completed the AACN Healthy Work Environment Assessment Tool and the Nurse Caring Behaviors Inventory–24. Nursing-sensitive patient outcome data were obtained from patients cared for in the units during the study period. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2019. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

My dissertation defines how software developers have abandoned traditional documentation practices for other kinds of media that work better in their workplace practices. Ultimately, even though other media like white boards, sticky notes, and “oral communication” are vastly different than traditional, written software documentation, they match the fast paced, decision-making situations of contemporary developer communities. I focus particularly on oral communication because it is the most unacceptable means to “document,” according to traditional standards. I use North American Genre Theory to describe those decision-making situations contemporary developers and note how the theory does not account for all the documentation I expect to find. Via several projects and interviews I confirm that oral communication is a new means of “documentation” and reconciles North American Genre Theory.

Since the mid 1990s, alcohol policy in Sweden has undergone major changes and the restrictive policy instruments have been weakened. Alternative and compensatory preventive measures have been sought and the workplace is repeatedly referred to as an important and appropriate arena for prevention. Universal methods, such as disseminating information and education programs, are seen as crucial in order for individuals to be able to make informed choices about their alcohol consumption. The overall purpose of this thesis is to analyze the prerequisites for and the possibilities and barriers associated with alcohol education programs at workplaces. The first paper investigates the general interest in alcohol prevention at workplaces where no interventions had been undertaken. The second paper is an effect study which investigates the effects of a short alcohol education program provided to those employed at a company in Stockholm. In the third paper, the effects of a day-long alcohol education program provided to all persons employed by a municipality are studied. The fourth paper is an interview study, in which the aim is to analyze how the participants in alcohol education programs view their participation and the content and legitimacy of the intervention. The findings suggest that interest in prevention at workplaces is low among employers. In addition, there are difficulties linked to implementation and evaluation, and in achieving and registering any substantial effects. The effect studies noted a significant increase in alcohol-related knowledge and that binge drinking decreased among those who drank the most. The employees found the education programs interesting and valuable but mostly for others, i.e. those who drink too much. Taken together, the studies suggest that it is not reasonable to believe that workplace-based prevention will become a common and effective measure or that it will compensate for the weakened alcohol policy in Sweden. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Accepted. Paper 3: Submitted.</p>

Mobbning på arbetsplatser är ett växande globalt problem som förekommer i alla yrkessektorer, men där kartläggningen av fenomenet fortfarande är relativt bristfällig. Syftet med studien var att undersöka skillnader i upplevd närvaro av vuxenmobbning på mansdominerade respektive kvinnodominerade arbetsplatser i en svensk kontext. Ett annat syfte var att undersöka om det fanns något samband mellan upplevelsen av arbetsklimatet, utifrån delaktighet/medbestämmande och negativ kommunikation. För att undersöka detta användes ett självskattningsformulär. Det använda instrumentet visade på en god intern konsistens. Deltagarna i undersökningen var 23 män och 5 kvinnor från två mansdominerade arbetsplatser inom ungdomsvården, samt 32 kvinnor och 2 män från två kvinnodominerade arbetsplatser inom äldrevården. För att analysera de insamlade data användes t-test. Resultatet visade att deltagarna från de mansdominerade arbetsplatserna upplevde att mer mobbning och mer negativ kommunikation förekom jämfört med deltagarnas upplevelser från de kvinnodominerade arbetsplatserna. Samtidigt visade resultaten att deltagarna från de kvinnodominerade arbetsplatserna upplevde större delaktighet och större möjligheter att påverka sin arbetssituation jämfört med deltagarna från de mansdominerade arbetsplatserna. Trots dessa resultat kunde det påvisas att deltagarna från de mansdominerade arbetsplatserna i studien skattade sina arbetsmiljöer som generellt mer positiva än dem på de kvinnodominerade arbetsplatserna. Ingen av dessa könsskillnader var statistiskt signifikant. Det fanns negativt medelstarkt samband mellan delaktighet/medbestämmande och negativ kommunikation, negativt medelstarkt samband mellan mobbning och delaktighet/medbestämmande samt ett positivt starkt samband mellan mobbning och negativ kommunikation. Samtliga samband var statistiskt signifikanta. Vi rekommenderar användningen av samma instrument i fortsatta studier avseende vuxenmobbning på olika arbetsplatser / Bullying behaviour at workplaces is seen as a growing global problem, albeit with little research that satisfactorily covers this phenomenon. The aim of the study was to examine differences in the perceived presence of adult bullying in male-dominated and female-dominated workplaces in a Swedish context. Another aim was to investigate whether there was any connection between the experience of the working environment, based on inclusion/participation and negative communication. To examine this, a self-assessment questionnaire was utilized on 23 men and five women within two male-dominated workplaces (juvenile detention care), and on 32 women and two men working in female-dominated workplaces (elderly care). The used instrument showed good internal consistency. In order to analyse the sampled data, an independent t-test was used. Results showed that participants from the male-dominated workplaces reported a higher 1 level of bullying behaviour and higher levels of negative communication styles being present in their work environment compared to participants from the female-dominated workplaces. Furthermore, participants from the female-dominated areas reported they felt more involved and experienced a higher degree of freedom to influence their work situation compared to participants from the male-dominated workplaces. Despite these differences participants from the male-dominated places reported their work environment as more positive overall than the participants working in female-dominated places. None of these sex-differences was statistically significant. There was a negative and moderate correlation between involvement/participation and negative communication, a negative moderate correlation between bullying and inclusion/co-determination and a positive strong relationship between bullying and negative communication. All correlations were statistically significant. We recommend using the same instrument in future studies on adult bullying at workplaces

Previous research shows that small workplaces more often discriminate immigrants during the process of hiring new employees than larger workplaces, and usually explains this result by referring to structural factors. At the same time, previous research also shows that self-employees tend to have different personality traits than other people. Could it be the case that the higher discrimination among small workplaces can be explained at an individual level? I examined the hypothesis through OLS-regressions using a survey called Employment, Material Resources, and Political Preferences. The results showed that people working at small workplaces tend to have more negative attitudes towards immigrants than people working at larger workplaces. In addition, by using a Big-Five model combined with background factors at an individual level, I found that people employed by small organizations tend to have other personality traits than those employed by larger organizations. But the Big-Five model cannot explain why small workplaces are more inclined to discriminate immigrants. In contrast, background factors such as education and gender have strong correlative effects on why people employed by small organizations have more negative attitudes towards immigrants. That is, small workplaces are more likely to employ men and people with relatively low education compared to larger workplaces, which is interesting in this context because men are on average found to be more negative towards immigrants than women, and lower educated people are more negative than those with higher education.

Nos dias atuais, a gestão da qualidade não pode mais limitar-se ao produto ou ao seu processo fabril, pois a abertura dos mercados exige uma preocupação com outros sistemas que dão sustentação à qualidade, entre eles os voltados à gestão da segurança e saúde dos trabalhadores nos seus postos laborais. Neste sentido, esta dissertação tem por finalidade apresentar uma proposta de adoção da especificação OHSAS 18000: Sistemas de Gestão de Segurança e Saúde Ocupacional em uma área de galvanoplastia. A proposta de implantação demonstra um modelo, que se utiliza da metodologia descrita pela Régie Nationale des Usines de Renault adaptado, aplicado à etapa de planejamento. Esta abordagem permite verificar tanto a percepção do usuário do posto de trabalho, quanto a do analista e propiciam à empresa a identificação dos riscos e hierarquização das medidas prioritárias a serem adotadas para a melhoria contínua nas condições de trabalho de forma sistêmica. Os resultados encontrados permitem observar um rol de necessidades que devem ser observadas para que organização esteja apta a implantar a especificação OHSAS. / Nowadays, quality management cannot be limited to the product itself or its manufacturing process, for the opening of new markets demands a growing concern with other systems which support quality and, among such systems the ones turned to security and health management of workers in their workplaces. Therefore this dissertation aims to introduce a proposal of adaptation of OHSAS specification-Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems in galvanism area. The implantation proposal shows a model that uses the methodology described by Régie Nationale des Usines de Renault, which was adapted and applied to a planning phase. This approach allows verifying perception not only by workplace user but also by its analyst and enables the company to identify risks and rank steps that have a prior clain to be systematically adopted for the constant improvement on workplace environment. As an outcome it can be seen a wide range of needs that have to be noticed so that the company is able implement OHSAS specification.