Questa tesi analizza le relazioni tra informazione e formazione degli adolescenti. la prima parte descrive il sistema dell'informazione e i suoi meccanismi nell'età tardo. moderna; offre una definizione dell'adolescenza, soprattutto rispetto ai processi di costruzione della cittadinanza . Si presenta, infine, lo stato della ricerca empirica sul tema in oggetto. La seconda sezione si occupa dei modelli pedagogici e delle metodologie didattiche per l'educazione alla/con l'informazione presentando, infine, recenti esperienze realizzate in Italia e in Germania. / This dissertation analyses the relationship among news, teenagers and education. The first part describes how the information-system works in the late-modern age; it draws a picture of the today's teenagers-generation and the making of citizens processes. Finally it gives an overview of the empirical research concerning teens and news. The second part suggests pedagogical models and methods to introduce news in (civic) education, concluding with recent didactical experiences in Italy and Germany.

La tesi analizza e riflette, criticamente e metodicamente, sulla base di precisi contenuti bibliografici, in merito a quanto l'Unione Europea ha proposto, e continua a prospettare, per ciascuno dei propri cittadini nel complesso settore formativo, educativo e didattico. La matrice della riflessione, e della conseguente azione, è data dal celeberrimo Vertice di Lisbona del marzo del 2000, in cui ciascuno degli Stati membri si impegnò affinché l'Unione Europea potesse diventare, nell'intervallo di tempo intercorrente fra il 2000 ed il 2010, "l'economia della conoscenza più forte e competitiva nel mondo". La sottolineatura relativa all'incremento del "capitale umano" e del "capitale sociale" ritorna con insistente frequenza nella maggior parte dei documenti relativi al patto formativo complessivo nella Comunità Europea. Ciò dà adito ad un corollario di riflessioni che vertono di volta in volta sull'introduzione sempre più massiccia delle Tecnologie dell'Informazione e della Comunicazione; sulla conoscenza di almeno due lingue straniere; sul collegamento sinergico fra il mondo del lavoro ed il mondo della formazione; sull'educazione lungo l'intero corso della vita; sul monitoraggio continuo della qualità dell'istruzione; sulla riforma dei curricola; sulla costruzione delle competenze, per fare solo pochi esempi. I valori che, conseguentemente, non solo in campo formativo ma anche in campo lavorativo, appaiono fondamentali, sono legati alla competitività, alla flessibilità, al cambiamento, all'adattabilità, all'apprezzamento delle eccellenze, all'innovazione ed all'imprenditorialità, considerate indispensabili in un contesto caratterizzato dalla globalizzazione. / The present degree thesis analyses and thinks over, critically and methodically, on the bases of careful bibliographical contents, the proposals that European Union has made, and is still making, for everyone of its citizens in the complicated field of formation, education and didactics. The matrix of reflection, and of the following action, has been realized by the famous Meeting of Lisbon in March 2000, during that every one of the member States committed themselves in order that European Union became, in the period between 2000 and 2010, the strongest and the most competitive economy of knowledge in the world". The underlining concerning the increase of "human capital" and of "social capital" comes back with insistent frequency in the most of documents about the overall formative agreement in European Community. It brings to a corollary of reflections in the direction, time after time, of an ever more massive introduction of Technology of Information and Communication; of the knowledge of two languages at least, of the synergistic connection between the world of work and the world of formation; of the education along the whole course of life; of the continuous monitoring of education quality; of the reformation of curricula; of the skills construction, just to bring few examples. The values that, consequently, not only in the formation field but also in the work field, seem to be essential, are connected with competitiveness, flexibility, change, adaptability, appreciation of excellence, innovation and entrepreneurship, esteemed necessary in a context characterized by globalization.

La riflessione teorica e l'applicazione empirica del costrutto di comunità di pratica costituiscono fondamentali elementi a supporto di un'idea di educazione che sia continua lungo tutto il corso della vita di un essere umano. La posizione teorica di fondo è caratterizzata dagli assunti secondo cui la conoscenza viene creata attraverso il confronto con altri e il conoscere è un fenomeno sociale in quanto situato in un contesto specifico, che nel medesimo tempo trasforma e viene trasformato. Le comunità di pratica si pongono come luogo privilegiato al cui interno avvengono processi condivisi di costruzione della conoscenza. Frutti della partecipazione a una comunità e benefici per ciascun membro sono da un lato proprio la condivisione dei saperi e delle pratiche, dall'altro la crescita personale. All'interno delle comunità di pratica la singola persona ha la possibilità di acquisire nuove conoscenze, ma soprattutto di rielaborare le proprie esperienze pregresse e le proprie relazioni. Le modalità relazionali presenti all'interno delle comunità di pratica esplicitano il passaggio da una modalità conflittuale a una modalità consensuale di lavoro. Il presente lavoro si pone l'obiettivo di sintetizzare la letteratura relativa alle comunità di pratica, partendo dalla prima teorizzazione da parte di J. Lave ed E. Wenger e proseguendo fino agli studi più recenti. Grazie alle proprie specifiche caratteristiche la comunità di pratica detiene un alto potenziale educativo: analizzandole in chiave pedagogica, infatti, le peculiarità della comunità di pratica permettono allo specialista di educazione degli adulti di supportare il training educativo e trarre benefici dal naturale processo della comunità stessa. / The theoretical and empirical reflections about communities of practice constitute fundamental elements to support the idea that education is a natural process throughout life of human beings. The main theoretical position is characterized by the assumption that knowledge is created through discussion and dialogue with others, and that knowing is a social and situated phenomenon. Communities of practice become centres where processes of sharing experiences and creating knowledge take place. Consequences of the participation to the community are both the creation of a common repertoire of experiences and the possibility for the single to acquire new competencies, as well as to discuss his¬/her story and relationships. The typical way of building relationships inside communities of practice makes explicit the shift from a conflictual typology of working to a consensual one. This dissertation aims to make a synthesis of literature on communities of practice, starting from their first theorization by J. Lave and E. Wenger up to most recent studies. Thanks to its own features, communities of practice show a high educative potential: In fact, through an analysis of them from the pedagogical point of view, communities' of practice peculiarities allow to the adult education researcher to support educational training.

Thesis (MPhil (Information Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Organizations depend on the availability of reliable and credible information to make informed decisions and to plan effectively. The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is used by all provincial education departments including the Free State Department of Education for collecting, verifying, analysing, storing and disseminating reliable and credible data for decision making and planning purposes. Through its efforts to improve information management, the Department of Basic Education introduced the South African School Administration Management System (SA-SAMS) to improve the management of data at school level and allow for the uploading of this data onto provincial databases. This study focuses on an analysis of the Education Management Information System to determine whether this information system, utilised by the Free State Department of Education, is reliable and credible or not. In order to answer the research question under study, the dimensions/constructs of information systems success, such as information quality, system quality, individual and organizational impacts have been used to evaluate the information systems under investigation. Chapter 1 introduces the topic and outlines the background and the accountability chain of the Free State Department of Education. Chapter 2 deals with the theoretical grounding. It discusses the topic of Information Systems, in particular what the criteria used to determine the efficiency and reliability of an education management system in the Free State Province are. Chapter 3 draws on the theoretical base outlined in Chapter 2, focussing on the Free State Province to model the EMIS system and identifying the crucial elements where empirical observations are necessary. In Chapter 3 the focus is on the empirical data collection based on the model as set out in Chapter 4. In this chapter the methodological concerns in respect of the collection of data are dealt with in detail, and the findings are reported. In Chapter 4 the implications of the findings are weighed up against the criteria as identified in Chapter 2 and conclusions are drawn on that basis. Lastly Chapter 5, which draws on earlier findings, presents the lessons learnt in doing this research, conclusions drawn therefrom, as well as the recommendations presented as a way forward to improve the gaps identified in Free State EMIS. The researcher’s informed conclusion is that EMIS, through the use of SA-SAMS, has improved the capturing of data at school level and that this has contributed to an improvement in the quality of data contained in the provincial database. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Organisasies is afhanklik van die beskikbaarheid van betroubare en geloofwaardige inligting ten einde ingeligte besluite te neem en effektief te beplan. Die Onderwysbestuursinligtingstelsel (EMIS) word deur al die provinsiale onderwysdepartemente gebruik, insluitend die Vrystaatse Onderwysdepartement, vir die versameling, verifiëring, analise, berging en disseminasie van betroubare en geloofwaardige data vir die doeleindes van besluitneming en beplanning. Deur sy pogings om inligtingbestuur te verbeter, het die Departement van Basiese Onderwys die Suid-Afrikaanse Skoolbestuurstelsel (SA-SAMS) ingestel om die bestuur van data op skoolvlak te verbeter en om voorsiening te maak vir die oordrag van hierdie data na provinsiale databasisse. Hierdie studie fokus op ‘n analise van die Onderwysbestuursinligtingstelsel om vas te stel of hierdie stelsel, wat deur die Vrystaatse Onderwysdepartement gebruik word, betroubaar en geloofwaardig is, al dan nie. Ten einde die navorsingsvraag van hierdie studie te beantwoord, is die dimensies/konstrukte van die sukses van inligtingstelsels, soos inligtingskwaliteit, stelselkwaliteit, individuele en organisatoriese impak, gebruik om die betrokke inligtingstelsels te evalueer. Hoofstuk 1 lei die onderwerp in en verstrek die agtergrond en aanspreeklikheidsketting van die Vrystaatse Onderwysdepartement. Hoofstuk 2 behandel die teoretiese begronding. Die onderwerp Inligtingstelsels word bespreek, veral die kriteria wat gebruik word om die doeltreffendheid en betroubaarheid van ‘n onderwysbestuurstelsel in die Vrystaatse Provinsie te bepaal. Met die teoretiese basis wat in Hoofstuk 2 uiteengesit is as vertrekpunt, fokus Hoofstuk 3 op die Vrystaatse Provinsie om die EMIS te modelleer en om die deurslaggewende elemente waar empiriese waarnemings nodig is, te identifiseer. In Hoofstuk 3 is die fokus op die versameling van empiriese data, gebaseer op die model wat in Hoofstuk 4 beskryf word. In hierdie hoofstuk word die metodologiese vraagstukke met betrekking tot die versameling van data in besonderhede behandel, en die bevindings word aangebied. In Hoofstuk 4 word die implikasies van die bevindings gestel teenoor die kriteria wat in Hoofstuk 2 geïdentifiseer is, en gevolgtrekkings word gemaak. Laastens word in Hoofstuk 5, gebaseer op vroeëre bevindings, die lesse wat uit hierdie navorsing geleer is, aangebied, gevolgtrekkings word gemaak, en aanbevelings word voorgehou as die pad vorentoe om leemtes wat in die Vrystaatse EMIS geïdentifiseer is, te verbeter. Dit is die navorser se ingeligte gevolgtrekking dat EMIS, deur die gebruik van SASAMS, die vaslegging van data op skoolvlak verbeter het, en dat dit bygedra het tot ’n verbetering van die kwaliteit van data in die provinsiale databasis.

Conferencia organizado por la Oficina Internacional UPC en el marco de la Feria Internacional UPC 2018, realizado el 4 de abril de 2018 en el campus Villa, Lima, Perú. / Conferencia Internacional “Online Education in the 21st Century” por invitados de la Carrera de Psicología en auditorio del Campus Villa, con la participación de John Darland , Heather Curtin and Yoon Nam ; representantes de The Chicago School of Professional Psychology.

Dans les collèges français, la question de l’éducation fait l’objet d’un traitement assez sombre : au niveau statutaire, elle marque en effet le faible prestige de certains personnels, ou de certaines matières enseignées. C’est le cas des conseillers et assistants d’éducation, ou, sur un autre plan, de l’éducation artistique, de l’éducation civique ou de l’éducation physique et sportive. La connotation négative de l’éducation apparaît aussi dans les discours quotidiens, enclins à dénoncer des carences. L’écart social entre les membres des classes moyennes cultivées et leurs élèves ne prédit pas, cependant, le niveau de tension. La construction d’un climat d’établissement joue en effet une fonction importante ; en second lieu, les situations éducatives les moins aisées obligent précisément à réfléchir en termes éducatifs. Il en ressort souvent un meilleur climat que dans des établissements peu exposés. Dans l’imaginaire des professionnels, le collège n’aurait d’autre but que d’organiser la succession de cours entre enseignants savants et apprenants captivés. Depuis les débuts de la massification, les professeurs appliquent en réalité des pédagogies « bricolées », sans rapport avec les principes idéels. Malgré ces adaptations officieuses, les collégiens sont pénalisés par la segmentation des cours, l’étouffement de l’esprit critique, la faible intégration éducative et la relégation du « sale boulot » de discipline. Dans les établissements favorisés, l’insuffisance démocratique incite plutôt à l’utilitarisme, et au développement d’une culture juvénile anti-scolaire ; dans les collèges populaires, les élèves en échec peuvent aussi opposer une violence. / In French colleges, the issue of education is poorly treated : at the statutory level, it marks the low prestige of certain personnel, or certain subject matter being taught. This is the case with counsellors (conseillers d’éducation) and teaching assistants (assistants d’éducation) or, on another level, with arts education, civic education or physical education. Education’s negative connotation is confirmed in people’s discourse, which is inclined to report deficiencies. The social gap between members of the cultivated middle class and their students does not, however, predict the level of tension. First, the construction of a school environment indeed plays an importance role ; what’s more, the most difficult educational situations are precisely the ones that require us to think in educational terms. The result is often a better environment than in institutions with little exposure to difficulties. In the minds of professionals, French colleges have no other purpose than to organise the succession of courses between scholarly teachers and captivated learners. From the beginning of mass schooling, teachers actually apply “tinkered” pedagogies, unrelated to imaginary principles. In spite of these unofficial adaptations, students suffer from the segmentation of courses, the stifling of critical thinking, poor educational integration and the relegation of disciplinary “dirty work”. In privileged establishments, the democratic deficit rather encourages utilitarianism, and the development of an anti-school youth culture ; in lower class French colleges students who are failing may also resist through other forms of violence.

Thesè (Docteur es Sciences).

Σε αυτήν την εργασία επιχειρείται, μια προσπάθεια διερεύνησης των νοητικών παραστάσεων των νηπίων, καθώς επίσης και το γνωστικό επίπεδο στο οποίο μπορούν να φτάσουν, σχετικά με την λειτουργία και τη χρήση της ανεμογεννήτριας. Το συγκεκριμένο θέμα προσεγγίστηκε με την στρατηγική των στόχων εμποδίων, κατά την οποία, αφού ανιχνεύθηκαν τα μαθησιακά εμπόδια των παιδιών και προσδιορίστηκαν οι σχετικοί εκπαιδευτικοί στόχοι, κατασκευάστηκαν οι διδακτικές δραστηριότητες αντιμετώπισης των εμποδίων και ακολούθησε αξιολόγησή τους. Πρόκειται για μια έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε σε 2 φάσεις, μια πιλοτική, προκειμένου να φωτιστούν τυχόν μη λειτουργικές πτυχές του προγράμματος ή ελλείψεις και μια κανονική. Βασικός στόχος της έρευνας ήταν να έρθουν τα παιδιά σε επαφή με συστήματα Α.Π.Ε. (Ανανεώσιμων Πηγών Ενέργειας) όπως η ανεμογεννήτρια, και πιο συγκεκριμένα με την αποθήκευση και την μεταφορά ενέργειας. Οι υποθέσεις οι οποίες διατυπώθηκαν για αυτήν την εργασία ήταν: α) Με βάση αυτήν την διδασκαλία τα παιδιά να μπορούν να αναγνωρίσουν τη δομή και τη λειτουργία κανονικών συστημάτων, στην προκειμένη περίπτωση να είναι σε θέση να αναγνωρίσουν την δομή και την λειτουργία της ανεμογεννήτριας, β) να μπορούν να δίνουν εξηγήσεις με όρους διανομής, δηλαδή, να αναπτύξουν μια αναπαράσταση που να τους επιτρέπει να κάνουν διακρίσεις ανάμεσα σε: i) αποθήκη, μετατροπέα, αποδέκτη και ii) ανάμεσα στο περιεχόμενο ενός συστήματος και τη μεταφορά από ένα σύστημα σε ένα άλλο, καθώς επίσης και να αναζητήσουν ορισμένα φυσικά μεγέθη σχετικά με το περιεχόμενο των συστημάτων και τις ανταλλαγές μεταξύ τους (Lemeignan & Weil- Barais, 1997, σ. 194) και γ) να μπορούν να εφαρμόσουν την γνώση αυτή και σε νέο φαινομενολογικό πεδίο, π.χ. εκτός από την χρήση της ανεμογεννήτριας στο άναμμα μιας λάμπας, να κατανοούν και τη χρήση στην ενεργοποίηση οποιασδήποτε ηλεκτρικής συσκευής. / In that work is attempted, an effort of investigation of intellectual representations of infants, as well as the cognitive level in which they can reach, with regard to the operation and the use of wind generator. The particular subject was approached with the strategy of objectives - obstacles, at which, after were detected the training obstacles of children and were determined the relative educational objectives, were manufactured the instructive activities of confrontation of obstacles and it followed their evaluation. That research was realised in 2 phases, one pilot and one regular. Fundamental objective of research was the children be in contact with systems Renewable Sources of Energy such as the wind generator, and more concretely with the storage and the transport of energy. The affairs that were formulated for this work were: a) With this base teaching the children can recognize the structure and the operation of regular systems, in that case the structure and the operation of wind generator, b) be possible to give explanations with terms of distribution, that is to develop a representation that would allow them to make discriminations between: i) deposit, converter, recipient and ii) between to content of the system and the transport by a system in a other, as well as they from each other seek certain natural sizes with regard to the content of systems and the exchanges (Lemeignan and Weil- Barais, 1997, p. 194) and c) they can apply this knowledge and in new field, eg apart from the use of wind generator in the lightning of light bulb, comprehend also the use in the activation of any electric appliance.

Plus du tiers des enfants non scolarisés dans le monde vit actuellement dans des pays considérés comme fragiles. Principalement localisés en Afrique subsaharienne, ces pays, pour la plupart, ne seront pas en mesure de réaliser les objectifs de l'Éducation Pour Tous d'ici 2015. Se situant à la croisée de l'éducation comparée, des sciences politiques et de la sociologie des organisations, cette thèse explore empiriquement les conditions d'achèvement de l'EPT dans les contextes de fragilités.Malgré les ambigüités qui l'entourent, la notion d'État fragile a été adoptée en 2005 en tant que concept opérationnel par la plupart des organismes d'aide. Si les définitions de l'État fragile convergent sur un ensemble de critères spécifiques (institutions dysfonctionnelles, instabilité sociopolitique chronique, accès limité aux services sociaux), la fragilité revêt des dimensions variées et connexes dont la sévérité rend la réalisation de la scolarisation primaire universelle singulièrement aléatoire. Dès lors, l'injonction faite aux États de fournir une édu-cation de base homogène aux populations, notamment aux plus pauvres, peut rencontrer des difficultés d'adaptation dans les contextes particuliers des États fragiles (chapitre 1). Les conflits armés constituent certainement la plus évidente origine de la fragilité des États et des pays. Les effets de ces conflits mettent à mal le développement éducatif et anéantissent toute perspective d'éducation pour une proportion d'enfants difficilement mesurable, parti-culièrement ceux issus de milieux pauvres et isolés. Les périodes d'instabilité signalent égale-ment l'impact des politiques des finances publiques ainsi que l'échec d'un gouvernement à investir dans des domaines sociaux tels que l'éducation, élément contribuant à l'émergence des valeurs d'un système politique à tendances démocratiques (chapitre 2). Dans la mesure où l'investissement éducatif est perçu comme une condition nécessaire, sinon suffisante, de sortie de la pauvreté, l'option d'impulser et d'accélérer le développement éducatif s'impose comme un critère d'opportunité pour la communauté internationale, quitte à exercer des formes d'ingérence. Les conclusions de notre analyse empirique montrent, dans la problématique des États fragiles, l'émergence d'une contradiction actuelle entre le caractère inclusif des objectifs de l'EPT et la nature excluante des paradigmes sur lesquels se fondent l'aide extérieure (efficacité et résultats). Cette situation conduit alors à s'interroger sur une approche de l'aide liée à une analyse morale écartelée entre les conséquences des actions individuelles ou communes et dont les critères et instruments financiers ne sont visiblement pas adaptés aux situations de fragilité (chapitre 3).

Thèse--Univ. de Lausanne, 1928. / "Bibliographie": p. [77]-78.