一國如在教育上過度強調以學業為導向，就會出現具有雙刃劍角色的補習現象通常會，一方面幫助學生在學術能力測驗中取得高成就，另一方面限制了學生的創造性發展。部分學生因為在普通學校中無法取得足夠的知識和技能，故而轉向補習班為測驗做準備。尤其在英語科目成為主要考核科目之後，補習班的項目也因此更加多元。本研究旨在關注台灣補習教育何以在1990年代教改之後，依然擴張的現況，補習班如何從日常學習的補充角色，轉向台灣中學生教育中的必要部分。研究者針對補習班英語教學方法進行探討，透過對補習班經營者、教師和補習學生進行深度訪談，來瞭解他們的相關經驗。研究結果發現，補習班經營者意透多元與另類等途徑，聘請英語教師，來提升教學的創意。至於教師的訪談發現，英語教師通過嘗試新的教學方法來幫助學生在學業方面取得更好的成績，但是這種方式存在一定的局限性。本研究印一步發現補習班教師包括來自英語國家的和非英語國家，即使某些補習班老師並未取得教師資格證書，但在學生看來比一般學校的英語任課老師更加優秀。值得注意的是，大多數學生認為補習班的教學方法與一般學校相差無幾，但是學生滿意度明顯高於主流學校英語教師。本研究進一步確認補習班因商業利益等考量，許多訊息備受保密，使得研究者難以獲得一套完整的教學方法和學生經驗。 / In an academically oriented nation, there is a realization that attending a cram school can be double-edged, as they often offer great outcomes in students’ academic achievements especially with their test scores but they can also limit students’ creative development. Unable to obtain sufficient knowledge and skills for tests in mainstream schools, students have commonly turned to cram schools for examination preparation. Educational reforms enforcing English as a main examination subject greatly diversified the possibilities for tutoring and in fact helped cram schools’ diversification. The study focuses on the phenomenon of the influx of cram schools, and how it’s no longer a supplement, but instead a necessity of a secondary student’s education in Taiwan. This study starts with investigating the cram school phenomenon, as well as to discuss the teaching methods used in English classes. Finally, data has been collected through in-depth interviews among cram school owners, teachers and former attendees to look at their experience in cram school . The results of the study shows that the cram school owners approved the necessity to enhance creative teaching through alternative methods so as hiring teachers with supplementary talents. The teacher interviews revealed that trying new approaches to teaching have helped students achieve better outcomes academically, but sometimes only to a certain extent that is why cram schools can be double-edged. The paradox of this study is the cram school teachers’ qualifications for both native and English speakers. In fact, even though they may not have any teaching qualifications, cram school teachers are described by students as being better teachers compared to the ones in regular school. Significantly, the study discovered that a majority of students find cram school teaching methods in general so as the overall experience to be more satisfactory than with mainstream school The study finally showed that gaining information about cram schooling can be difficult as there is some secrecy surrounding it. This prevented the researcher from gaining a complete picture of cram school teaching methods and students’ experience.

<p style="text-align: justify;">U radu se, primenom feminističke književne kritike, analiziraju rodni stereotipi u svih četrnaest romana iz lektire za drugi ciklus obrazovanja. Pokazuje se da su rodni stereotipi prisutni u različitim aspektima ovih romana, kao &scaron;to su zastupljenost i konstrukcija likova, sadržaj i način oblikovanja priče. Takođe, predstavljaju se metodički modeli nastavnih interpretacija ovih romana, koji uvažavaju rodnu perspektivu. Primena ovih modela omogućava da učenice i učenici prepoznaju rodne stereotipe, razumeju njihovu funkciju i zauzmu kritički odnos prema njima.</p> / <p style="text-align: justify;">The dissertation analyzes gender stereotypes by applying feminist literary criticism in all fourteen novels included in the second cycle of the primary education curriculum. It is indicated that gender stereotypes are present in various aspects of the novels, such as characters&rsquo; presence and construction, content and method of creating stories. Furthermore, the methodical models of educational interpretations of these novels, which respect the gender perspective, are also presented. The application of these models allows pupils to recognize gender stereotypes, understand their function and take a critical attitude towards them.</p>

Teaching skeletal-muscular system in high schools This thesis is devoted to the methods which are applicable to the teaching of biology. The aim of the thesis is to find out which methods are used at two distinctive high schools, compare and contrast them by the use of the students' feedback. It is devoted to the comparison of ŠVP of three subjects and student books that are used there. The practical part is based on the discussion with teachers and questionnaires for students that consequently serve as work sheets. Finally, the thesis compares the attitudes of students and teachers, and way of teaching at grammar school and vocational school.

The diploma thesis Classroom Instructions in Teaching English aims at presenting basic principles of giving instructions during English lessons and their practical use. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The latter is further separated into a list of textbook instructions and a list of instructions used in classes. The theoretical part describes an important relation of instructions and the classroom situation as well as the dependence on the immediate response from the students. The ensuing part deals with applying the theoretical principles in practice. The author gathered instructions used in the third edition of New Headway series textbooks and instructions used by teachers in English lessons at various types of schools (the age of the observed students ranged from 7 to 18 years old) not only to illustrate usage of the theoretical principles in practice but also to show the differences between textbook and classroom instructions and to present a sample of instructions that are used at several schools in the Czech Republic. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This dissertation deals with the possibilities of using the teaching methods offered by the concept of teaching through problem solving in accounting education in business academies and economic lyceums. The main aim of this type of teaching should be above all the introduction of accounting as an important part of the students' economic thinking. The use of problem-based teaching is especially useful when explaining topics fundamental for the understanding of the basic principles of accounting. Accrual Basis Accounting being one of these topics, the thesis presents didactic material suited for problem-based teaching of this subject matter. It falls into the area of didactics of accounting, i.e. a scientific discipline deriving from the didactics of economic subjects.

KRISTLOVÁ, Martina. Competences and skills of teachers for implementation personal and social education of school work. Praha: Faculty of Education, Charles 's Univerzity, 2019. The diploma theisis. The diploma thesis is concerned with social and personal education at primary school. Its finds out competences and skills of teachers how they can carry their positive influence on their pupils expect of school environment. Theorectical part describes personal progress of child and social education. Then types of educations by teachers we can find out there., teaching methods and teaching 's methods implementation to the personal and social education of pupils as well. Practical part of diploma thesis contains three methods of research. The first one is long-time watching of teachers methods of education and pupils 's behaviour during the teaching lesson. The second one is oneself-evaluateing questionnaire for teachers. The last method includes two questionnaires for pupils and the both of them are researching popularity or unpopularity for pupils in the classroom. All questinnaires are the most important for my research because all of dates which I got together were very unexpected and somewhere suprising for me. Results are represented in tables. After tables I formed well arranged graphs where we...

Diploma thesis focuses on effect of positive reinforcement and it's application in the learning process. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and analytical. Theoretical part describes importance of positive reinforcement in a learning process and behavior overall. How organisms acquire new skills and how effective teaching methods look like. Analytical part provides practical use of positive reinforcement in an effective teaching method called Discrete Trial Teaching. It's application, use, and correct implementation is provided through an example of teaching a motor imitation behavior. KEYWORDS Applied Behavior Analysis; Effective teaching methods; Positive Reinforcement; Principles of learning and behavior; Discrete Trial Teaching

Topic: Methods of Activating Students in Education of Chemistry Author: Olga Kesnerová Řádková Abstract This dissertation work aims at teaching methods in the subject of chemistry and it concentrates mainly on methods with quite a high proportion of activation of pupils. The benefits and disadvantages of activating teaching methods, possible criteria for their choice, conditions for their putting into practice and similar, are described. Later, the work focuses on four chosen activating methods, namely brainstorming methods, project method, didactic games and work with a fictional and another type of a text which is applied here into natural science teaching, namely into chemistry teaching. A story with a chemical experiment can serve as an example. The research part contains a case study of putting project teaching methods into practice which includes a record and analysis of the condition and of the problem connected with its implementation, as well as the initiation of the project with the help of brainstorming methods. Participation observing, questionnaires, mini polls and discussions were used in our case study. Altogether 184 second year students for the teaching profession of the Pedagogical Faculty of Hradec Králové University took part in the research. On the basis of the results of the research...

This is a study of how four teachers work with pupils’ early literacy learning. Interviews were conducted with two teachers who chose to use a specific method, Writing to Read (WTR), for teaching pupils to read, and with two teachers who had not chosen a specific method. The aim of the study was to compare how the teachers worked, their motives for their choice of method, and the ideas the teachers have about early literacy learning. To see whether the teachers’ choice of method was related to the individualization of the teaching and their views of pupils’ learning in interaction, Vygotsky’s theories about children’s learning have been used. The result shows that there are both similarities and differences in the teachers’ reasons for their choice of method. Those who use WTR say that they do so to be able to individualize the teaching, while the teachers who do not use a specific method use the same arguments. There is a difference in whether the teachers aim for structured or unstructured teaching, regardless of the choice of method. Several parallels to Vygotsky’s theories were found, in that all four teachers, irrespective of method, think that their teaching should be characterized by interaction and individualization.

This thesis deals with the issue of genetic method to reading in the first grade of an elementary school. The theoretical part is focused on the child's entry to school, their school maturity and further education. Other methods to read are presented, analysed and compared with the genetic method as well. Furthermore, the methods and ways how to put the genetic method in practice are pursued in detail along with didactical games and examples of teaching procedures. The practical part looks into the experience the teachers have gained with this method, the school success of the children and the opinion the family members have.