Sunday schools were an important part of the development of religious education in the United States and in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (L.D.S. Church). It was the purpose of this study (1) to analyze the teaching methods of both the L.D.S. and non-L.D.S. Sunday school movements in the United States prior to 1900; and (2) to compare the teaching methods used by these Sunday school developments and determine similarities and differences.

Syftet med undersökningen är att finna olika arbetsmetoder som lågstadiepedagoger i årskurserna 1–3 använder i sin samhällskunskapsundervisning om nyheter. Undersökningen reflekterar även om vilka möjligheter och hinder som lågstadiepedagoger möter i sina arbetsmetoder när det kommer till nyhetsundervisning. Arbetsmetoderna skulle därmed kunna bidra till kunskap- och lärandetillfällen som man själv kan använda i sin egen undervisning. Forskning har visat att det finns ett begränsat antal undersökningar utförda på lågstadiet med yngre elever inom samhällskunskapsämnet. Forskningen som finns har bland annat belyst hur lågstadielärare arbetar med samhällskunskapsämnet i bredare omfång. En större mängd forskning finns för de äldre årskurserna då forskare bland annat undersökt hur elever förstod information i tidningsartiklar, nyheter kopplat till bilder samt hur elever i olika åldrar uppfattade sanna och falska nyheter. För denna undersökning har metoderna observation och kvalitativ intervju använts där fyra observationstillfällen och sju intervjuer med lågstadiepedagoger som undervisar i årskurserna 1 – 3 blivit utförda. Teorin som använts i denna undersökning var det sociokulturella perspektivet. Analyser och diskussioner har sedan blivit utförda med stöd av teorin och den tidigare forskningen där resultatet grundat sig i lågstadielärarnas utsagor.Undersökningens resultat visar hur lågstadielärare inkluderar nyhetsprogrammet Lilla aktuellt som en del av sin samhällskunskapsundervisning om nyheter. Lilla aktuellt har ett stort fokus i klassrummen och lärarnas arbetsmetoder relaterat till nyhetsprogrammet skiljer sig beroende på vilken skola de arbetar på samt vilken elevgrupp som klassen består av. I samband med nyhetsundervisning har samtliga lärare prioriterat muntlig kommunikation som tillvägagångsätt då man antingen tillsammans i helklass eller i mindre grupper samtalat om nyhetsinnehåll. En del lärare lägger större tyngd på att diskutera nyhetsinnehåll på ytan medan andra vill att eleverna ska gräva djupare för att förstå nyhetens bakgrund, händelse och lösning. / The purpose of this paper was to find different teaching methods that is used by primary school teachers in grades 1 – 3 in their social studies instruction regarding news. This paper would also inform the possibilities and the obstacles that the primary school teachers face with their own teaching methods when it comes to news education. The teaching methods would thereby contribute to knowledge- and learning opportunities that other teachers can use in their own classrooms. Research has shown that there are limited number of surveys done in social studies education for lower grades with younger children. The research that can be found has shown with a wider range how primary school teachers educate the students in social studies. A bigger amount of research can be found for older students in news teaching and some of this research show how students understood the information in articles, the connection between news and pictures and also what students in different ages could understand with true and fake news. The methods that have been used for this paper are observation and qualitative interview and the total of four observations and seven interviews with primary school teachers that teach in the grades 1 – 3 have been collected. The theory that has been included in this paper is the sociocultural perspective regarding teaching methods. With the support from the theory and previous research has statements from the primary school teachers been analyzed and discussed.The result of this paper has shown that primary school teachers include the news program Lilla aktuellt as a part of the social studies when it comes to teaching about news. The news program Lilla aktuellt has a big focus in classrooms but the teachers’ teaching methods related to this varied based on the school and the groups of students. The most common teaching methods when it comes to news education has shown to be oral communication either in smaller groups or with all the students together. Some teachers put energy in the basic information regarding news, for example the event, while others think it is important for the students to learn the whole picture like the news background, event and the solution.

The aim of this study is to examine and identify the different ways in which secondary and upper secondary school teachers perceive the use of fiction to teach English as well as their beliefs about the outcome or benefits of doing so. Five secondary and upper secondary school teachers in Sweden who teach English as a foreign language were interviewed about how they use fiction to teach English. A phenomenographic cross-case analysis was used to analyse the data. The teachers’responses were categorized and labelled into two main themes, that is, teaching methods and benefits of using fiction to teach English. However, the teachers’ descriptions about the definition and medium of expressing fiction was first established. The data from the theme ‘teaching methods’ were later sorted, categorized, and labelled into six instructional strategies. The teaching strategies included: selecting authentic learning material for students; building knowledge about themes in the fictional works; using classroom discussions to support students' learning; encouraging students to use their previous knowledge and learning experiences to understand the content of the fictional works; using audio-visual aids to enhance students' understanding of themes in the fictional works; and designing tasks that reinforce learning. These strategies were common amongst all five teachers. However, there were some subtle differences in the teaching methods, caused by factors such as the students’ mastery of the English language, the English course(s) the teachers were teaching and the fictional material they were using to teach English. / Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka och identifiera de olika sätt på vilka högstadielärare och gymnasielärare uppfattar användningen av fiktion för att undervisa engelska samt deras uppfattning om fördelarna med att göra det. För att få insikter om detta intervjuades fem lärare som undervisar engelska som främmande språk på högstadiet och gymnasiet i Sverige. En fenomenografisk tvärfallsanalys användes som metod för dataanalys och lärarnas beskrivningar av vad fiktion betyder samt på vilket sätt den kan uttryckas framställdes. Lärarnas svar kategoriserades i två huvudteman och märktes som: undervisningsmetoder och fördelarna att undervisa engelska genom fiktion. Data från temat ’undervisningsmetoder’ sorterades, kategoriserades och delades in i sex undervisningsstrategier. Undervisningsstrategierna innefattar: att välja autentiskt undervisningsmaterial; att bygga upp kunskap om teman i de fiktiva verken; att använda klassrumsdiskussioner för att stödja elevernas lärande; uppmuntra eleverna att använda sina tidigare kunskaper och erfarenheter av lärande; använda audiovisuella hjälpmedel för att förbättra elevernas förståelse av teman i de fiktiva verken; utforma uppgifter som förstärker lärande. Dessa strategier var gemensammabland de fem lärarna. Det fanns dock några små skillnader i undervisningsmetoderna som orsakades av elevernas behärskning av det engelska språket, de engelska kurserna som lärarna undervisade i och de fiktiva materialen som de använde för att undervisa engelska.

This text discusses final results from empirical studies, scientific articles and literature from the period 1990-2023, concerning teachers’ knowledge, students’ misconceptions and various teaching methods related to geometric objects. The results highlight challenges for both teachers and students in understanding and defining geometric shapes and figures. The work elucidates students in grade 4-6 difficulties and knowledge in identifying geometric objects in varied positions, as well as their understanding of the properties of geometric shapes and figures. The teacher’s understanding is crucial för imparting accurate information to students in instruction. Therefore, effective teaching methods such as practical activities, everyday connection and Van Hiele’s instructional model are suitable to apply in practice. This instructional model has been effective in students education and is therefore a good example for a teaching method.  In summary, the results are based on the abilities of teachers and students and their abilities can be enhanced by adapting teaching methods related to geometric objects, and how misconceptions are something that should be taken seriously and be prevented.

This report is a survey study examining the educational practices of social sciences teachers,specifically addressing the phenomenon of social acceleration. Investigating teaching methods,challenges, and innovations, the study explores how educators adapt to the accelerated pace ofsocietal changes. Through a survey, the research provides valuable insights into the experiences ofsocial sciences teachers, offering a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between educationalpractices and the effects of social acceleration. The findings contribute to a nuanced perspective on theevolving landscape of social sciences education in response to rapid societal transformations. / <p>Godkänd 2024-01-19</p>

Recent research that indicates ten universal values are shared across cultures has developed into the Schwartz Value Systems Theory. This theory describes the ten basic human values that derive from different motivational forces such as social superiority, an inner desire in novelty, and loyalty to one’s group. The values and corresponding motivational forces guide an individual’s decisions. After the Schwartz Value Systems Theory had been developed, two surveys have been created in order to assess an individual’s value hierarchy. While both of these surveys accurately measure an adult’s values, further research has indicated children possess individual values similarly to adults. As a result, the Picture Based Values Survey for Children was created in order to consider children’s values. The results from the children who took the Picture Based Values Survey For Children revealed that those children as a group acquired the same value hierarchy as adults. Since motivational forces determine an individual’s values, it would seem predictable that values might have an effect on a student’s level of motivation to succeed in the classroom. When a student’s motivational goals are met in the classroom, then they will become engaged in the lesson by aligning students’ values to the teaching methods incorporated in the lesson. This thesis therefore integrates prior research on children’s value development, the effects these values have on society and the classroom, and ways to exhibit values through discourse and teaching methods. Further, this seeks to apply this research in late childhood and early adolescence classrooms by examining the effects that may result from teachers exhibiting each of the ten universal values through their teaching methods through publicly shared videos.

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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur svensklärare och SVA-lärare i lågstadiet beskriver sitt arbete och samarbete för att gynna SVA-elever i svenskundervisningen. Studien tar teoretisk utgångspunkt i det sociokulturella perspektivet och kollegialt lärande. Den metod som användes vid insamling av data var semistrukturerad intervju som bearbetades med hjälp av innehållsanalys. Resultatet tyder på att svensklärare och SVA-lärare arbetar på likartade sätt för att gynna SVA-elever i deras språkutveckling. Lärarna beskriver att de förklarar och förenklar ord samt använder digitala verktyg och bildstöd för att göra innehållet av lektionerna tydligt för SVA-eleverna. Resultatet visar även att samarbete mellan svensk- och SVA-lärarna om lektionerna och kontakt om SVA-elevernas språkutveckling varierar. Slutsatserna av studien är att (1) digitala verktyg och bildstöd främjar SVA-elevers språkutveckling; (2) om SVA-elevernas modersmål och flerspråkighet beaktas och ses som resurs gynnar det eleverna; (3) lärare som har gott samarbete skapar lektioner som är i högre grad överensstämmande gällande innehåll och att de har mer kontakt om SVA-elevernas utveckling.

Syftet med studien är att ta reda på om lärare i årskurs 4–6 undervisar i engelsk grammatik och vilka undervisningsstrategier de använder sig av under sina grammatiklektioner i ämnet engelska i årskurs 4–6. För att undersöka studiens syfte har sex klassrumsobservationer och fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med lärare på fyra skolor i södra Sverige genomförts. Den didaktiska triangeln har använts som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Resultatet visar att lärare använder sig av en integrerad undervisning för att lära ut engelsk grammatik. Lärare använder ett läromedel som utgångspunkt och sedan väljer att komplettera grammatikundervisningen för att få en fördjupad och ökad förståelse av grammatiken.

Our purpose is to examine the possibilities of Bakhtinian dialogical analysis for understanding students' experiences of medical training. Twenty-three interviews were conducted with eleven British medical students intercalating in psychology. Forty emotionally resonant key moments were identified for analysis. Our analysis illustrates students' use of the professional genre to present their training as emotionally neutral. However, we show how medical training can be framed in more unofficial and affective-laden ways in which threshold moments of crisis are presented as space-time breaches characteristic of the genres of adventure-wonder and adventure-ordeal. This affect was often depotentiated in the narratives through brief allusion to the professional genre. This cycling between genres suggests that the students were searching for an appropriate way in which to frame their experiences, a central dilemma being the extent to which medical training makes sense within an immediate and affect-laden, or future-orientated and affect-neutral, pedagogy. Finally, we identify how consultants are an important aspect of the affective experience of medical training who, at their best, offer inspiring exemplars of flexible movement between official and unofficial ways of being a doctor. In conclusion, we demonstrate the potential of genres to make sense, and to organize the experience, of medical training spatially in terms of moving between personal and impersonal contact, temporally in terms of moving between the extraordinary and routine, and affectively in terms of moving between potent and neutral affect. Learning to use the professional genre is part of enculturation as a doctor and can be helpful in providing a framework restoring coherence and composure through engaging with, and reformulating, difficult experiences. However, it is important to take seriously the resistance many of the students demonstrated to the professional genre as a possible barometer of its acceptability to the general public.