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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
251

Le théâtre pour se réinsérer : explorer les retombées de la participation aux activités offertes par le Théâtre Aphasique

Fakhfakh, Emna 11 1900 (has links)
Introduction : L'aphasie, un trouble de la communication dû à des lésions cérébrales, entraîne des limitations dans la vie quotidienne et un isolement social. Même après une réadaptation orthophonique, de nombreuses personnes continuent de rencontrer des difficultés, affectant aussi leurs proches. Des organisations communautaires proposant des activités artistiques, comme le théâtre, visent à améliorer la réadaptation et la réintégration sociale des personnes vivant avec une aphasie (PVA). Le Théâtre Aphasique (TA) au Québec est un exemple intéressant à étudier pour élargir nos connaissances sur ce sujet. Objectifs: L’objectif principal de notre étude est d’explorer les retombées d’activités communautaires de nature théâtrale pour les PVA ainsi que leurs proches en utilisant le TA comme étude de cas. Nous cherchons également à identifier les éléments clés qui contribuent au succès de cet organisme. Méthodologie : L'étude a adopté une méthodologie de recherche qualitative basée sur un paradigme interprétatif. Elle a impliqué la réalisation de deux tables rondes ainsi que six entretiens individuels avec des PVA et un entretien de groupe avec des proches. Au total, dix PVA, six proches et quatre intervenants ont participé à notre étude. Les transcriptions des entretiens ont été soumises à une analyse qualitative inductive du contenu. Résultats : L’analyse nous a permis de développer 49 codes qui ont été regroupés en 12 sous- thèmes, à savoir les recommandations par le personnel de la santé, l’espoir, le lieu artistique, le lieu de socialisation inclusif, les caractéristiques des personnes, l'apprentissage, la valorisation, le plaisir, la complicité entre les participants, l'engagement, les effets thérapeutiques (espérés et attendus), et l'amélioration de la participation sociale. Ces sous-thèmes ont été ensuite regroupés en 4 thèmes finaux : leviers, composantes et caractéristiques, mécanismes et retombées. Enfin, ces thèmes ont été interconnectés pour former un modèle logique du TA. Conclusion : Le Théâtre Aphasique semble être plus qu’une simple activité de loisirs. Il semble répondre à des besoins des PVA et de leurs proches et génère des résultats positifs. / Introduction: Aphasia, a communication disorder resulting from brain injuries, leads to limitations in daily life and social isolation. Even after speech therapy rehabilitation, many individuals continue to face challenges, affecting also their relatives. Community organizations offering artistic activities, such as theater, aim to enhance the rehabilitation and social reintegration of people with aphasia (PWA). Le Théâtre Aphasique (TA) in Quebec serves as an interesting case study to expand our knowledge on this topic. Objectives: The primary goal of our study is to explore the impact of community-based theatrical activities on PWA and their families, using TA as a case study. We also aim to identify key elements contributing to the organization's success. Methodology: The study employed a qualitative research methodology based on an interpretive paradigm. It involved conducting two focus group discussions as well as six individual interviews with PWA and one group interview with their family members. In total, ten PWA, six family members, and four caregivers participated in our study. Transcripts of the interviews underwent inductive qualitative content analysis. Results: Our analysis allowed us to develop 49 codes grouped into 12 subthemes, including recommendations by healthcare personnel, hope, artistic space, inclusive socialization space, individuals’ characteristics, learning, valorization, enjoyment, complicity between participants, engagement, therapeutic effects (hoped and expected), and improved social participation. These subthemes were then grouped into four final themes: levers, components and features, mechanisms, and outcomes. These themes are interconnected to form a logical model of TA. Conclusion: The Théâtre Aphasique seems to go beyond a mere leisure activity, addressing some needs of PWA and their families, resulting in positive outcomes.
252

Residents' organisations in the new towns of Hong Kong and Singapore: a study of social factors influencingneighbourhood leaders' participation in community development

Vasoo, Sushilan. January 1985 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Social Work / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy
253

Community participation in the Integrated Development Planning processes as a means of improving local governance : a case of Polokwane Municipality

Mehlape, Magogodi Mary January 2022 (has links)
Thesis (MPAM.) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / The study presents findings that examined the nature and extent of community participation in the Integrated Development Planning (IDP) processes as a means of improving local governance at the Polokwane Local Municipality. The study argues for a need to empower communities with knowledge on the available mechanism as a way of fulfilling the dream of a culture of participation. This is to increase unified perception about the value of community participation in improving local governance. However, local governance accountability can be gauged by the extent to which they practise community participation in decision-making in facing up to the challenges of the day. This is done by putting or encouraging community participation in the processes that would help face up to the challenges of the day, including the IDP processes. The study applied a mixed-methods design and a combination of thematic data analysis and Microsoft Excel (spreadsheet) to analyse data gathered. Structured questionnaires were distributed to respective community members in the selected communities: two villages of Potse and Mahlohlokwe; two townships Mankweng Unit D and Mankweng Zone 1; two suburbs - Flora Park and Ivy Park. Furthermore, faceto- face interviews were conducted with the Polokwane municipal officials responsible for IDP, municipal manager, IDP manager and councillors of selected communities. Findings of the study showed that community participation in the IDP processes was viewed as one of the ways of enabling interaction between local government and citizens. However, citizens faced challenges in the process of community participation and that impacted on the level of community participation. It should, therefore, be borne in mind that to improve local governance, it is necessary to look at the extent to which communities are engaged in the processes of improving local governance. Participation of communities in the development planning of their communities can thus help improve local governance. Therefore, community participation should be widely applied in the local government field to enable good governance and sustainable development.
254

The relationship between a costume prop and a toddler’s type and intensity of movement and social participation

Cleary, Megan Lynn January 1900 (has links)
Master of Science / Department of Human Ecology / Bronwyn Fees / With obesity on the rise in young children, the need to examine interventions to increase activity levels, a factor in obesity, in childhood is apparent. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between toddlers wearing a costume prop and their type and intensity of movement as well as their level of social participation. It was hypothesized that intensity of movement and types of movement would increase when the child wore a cape compared to no cape. A total of fifty-four subjects between the ages of 24 and 36 months participated in the study, structured into an intervention group (n = 27) and a control group (n = 27). Toddlers in the control group were observed for 20 minutes during free play inside the classroom wearing a specifically designed data collection garment (which looked like a “vest”) to record movement and sound. Participants in the intervention group were observed with the same data collection garment and the costume prop “cape” for 20 minutes during morning free-play period inside. The toddlers‟ behaviors were coded as outlined by Brown, Pfeiffer, McIver, Dowda, Joao, Almeida, and Pate‟s (2006) Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children-Preschool (OSRAC-P), modified to capture the unique movements of toddlers for the present study. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and a Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) were utilized to examine the effect of a costume prop on intensity of activity, types of gross motor movement, and forms of social play. Results revealed the intervention group exhibited significantly greater engagement in onlooker, solitary, and parallel play (p < .001) than the control group. No significant differences in the levels of intensity or types of activity exhibited between the two groups. Implications for further research on physical activity and stimulating physical activity in the classroom are discussed
255

The role of screen-print projects in enhancing awareness of active citizenship : a case study at artist proof studio

31 July 2012 (has links)
M.Tech. / This study is based on the premise that awareness of active citizenship among South African citizens should be encouraged and can be developed through specific educational and skills interventions embedded in Visual Art learning programmes. South Africa‟s developing democracy requires active citizens with the capacity to disseminate values of equality, dignity, liberty and social justice, amongst other constitutional rights. Our country‟s history in the struggle for liberation encompasses a legacy of resistance, and screen-printed protest posters played an important role in communicating dissent towards the apartheid state (Seidmann 2009, Peffer 2009). My research examines the role of screen-printing as a particular graphic medium which is an organising tool to create awareness and communication. The project uses co-operative enquiry as a participatory action research method to facilitate the application of hand-made fine art screen-printed artworks and posters that support skills development, an understanding of self-identity and a sharing of skills that contribute to active citizenship. I present three visual art screen-printing projects that I facilitated from 2010 to 2011 at Artist Proof Studio (APS), an art centre in Johannesburg, whose mission is to inculcate aspects of active citizenship among the participating learners. I contend that the combination of all three screen-print projects presented to the group of students, leads to skills-development, awareness of personal identity and participation in community engagement projects which may enhance their ability to participate as active citizens and which in turn supports the mission statement of the education unit at APS. Such an intervention serves as a learning model that can further contribute to social, educational and economic redress among the participants at APS.
256

Avaliação ecológica e da percepção de proprietários rurais do processo de restauração de matas ciliares em Jaú e Saltinho - SP / Ecological assessment and of the perception of landowners in the of riparian forests restoration process in Jau and Saltinho - SP

Rocco, Bianca Campedelli Moreira 10 June 2013 (has links)
O Estado de São Paulo passou por um longo processo de degradação e fragmentação, fruto de um modelo de desenvolvimento que baseou sua ampliação agrícola e urbana na derrubada de ecossistemas florestais nativos. A necessidade de aumento na cobertura florestal do estado é reconhecida há muito tempo, principalmente em razão da relação intrínseca entre água e matas, especialmente no caso das matas ciliares. Essa questão gerou ao logo dos anos o aprimoramento do conhecimento técnico na área de restauração, mas este avanço não foi acompanhado de reflexões a respeito de questões sociais, econômicas e políticas. As diversas políticas públicas e instrumentos agrícolas e florestais vigentes não trazem em seu escopo a preocupação com a realidade socioeconômica ou com o desenvolvimento rural. O presente trabalho procurou analisar, através do estudo de caso em duas microbacias hidrográficas do estado de São Paulo, Ribeirão Campestre no município de Saltinho e Córrego Santo Antônio em Jaú, o desenvolvimento áreas de mata ciliar implantadas por quatro instrumentos e políticas públicas de restauração ecológica de matas ciliares em pequenas e médias propriedades. Buscou-se compreender o contexto em que os diferentes instrumentos e políticas de restauração de matas ciliares ocorreram procurando correlacionar indicadores ecológicos de desenvolvimento de áreas de mata ciliar em restauração, com a percepção e o envolvimento dos proprietários rurais nos diversos processos de restauração de matas ciliares estudados. Desta maneira, a partir dos resultados, foi possível demonstrar que conhecer o perfil e a percepção dos proprietários rurais envolvidos em políticas públicas de restauração de matas ciliares é essencial para a para produção de conhecimentos relacionados à restauração de matas ciliares e de políticas públicas relacionadas. / The State of São Paulo has gone through a long process of deterioration and fragmentation, due to the model of development of agricultural and urban expansion based on the destruction of native forest ecosystem. The need to increase the forest covering in the state has been clear for quite some time, especially due to the intrinsic relationship between water and forests, most notably in riparian forests. With time, this issue gave rise to the refinement of technical knowledge in the area of restoration. However, this progress was not accompanied by discussions on social, economic and political issues. The various public policies, laws and regulations in the agricultural and forest area now in place fail to express any concern with socioeconomic reality or with rural development. This text represents an attempt to analyze a case study in two micro-river basins in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, namely, Ribeirão Campestre, in the municipality of Saltinho and Córrego Santo Antônio, in the municipality of Jaú. Specifically, the development of riparian forest areas implemented by four legal instruments and public policies of ecological restoration of riparian forests in small and medium-sized landholdings were investigated. Searched was made to understand the context in which different legal instruments and policies for restoring riparian forests occurred, and ecological indicators of the development of riparian forest areas in restoration were correlated with the perception and involvement of rural landowners in several different processes of restoration of riparian forests. Thus, based on the results, it was possible to demonstrate that understand the profile and perception of landowners involved in riparian forests restoration public policy is essential to the production of knowledge related to riparian forests restoration of and related public policies.
257

A percepção do direito à saúde: para explorar formas de organização coletiva / The perception of the right of health to explore ways of collective participation

Bernardes, Fernanda Mendes 15 August 2018 (has links)
O tema da participação social revela diversos desafios perante a necessidade de envolvimento dos sujeitos nas práticas políticas e decisórias no sistema público de saúde brasileiro. É imprescindível entender que a construção histórica e o contexto sócio-político influenciam a expressão e organização de grupos que almejam participar de processos decisórios, bem como o papel que estes ocupam na estrutura das políticas sociais de saúde. Da mesma maneira não se pode desconsiderar elementos como construção da cidadania, solidariedade e interdependência social que são fundamentais para formação do senso de pertencimento. Se por um lado temos alguns mecanismos de participação já institucionalizados e de fato algumas pessoas já participam, por outro ainda é frequente o distanciamento da maioria da população de assuntos políticos. Assim, apesar de estudos afirmarem o declínio da vida cívica e da existência de uma crise da democracia participativa, este projeto buscou identificar desafios e potencialidades que grupos sociais que não se percebem ligados à luta pela saúde, poderiam desenvolver para fortalecer o sistema universal, para produção do comum e para se incorporarem na luta pelo direito à saúde. Para tanto foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, transversal, por meio de narrativas de vivências pessoais e familiares sobre a participação em coletivos, o processo-saúde doença, busca de cuidado, prevenção de doenças e promoção da saúde. As entrevistas foram realizadas com três participantes de cada um dos seguintes grupos: religioso, de voluntários de uma Organização Não Governamental (ONG), de prática esportiva e relacionado à luta por moradia. O estudo revelou que apesar da vocalização de uma visão ampla de saúde e qualidade de vida, a saúde representada como uma somatória de decisões individuais. Existe uma percepção de que as políticas neoliberais além de comprometerem a qualidade e o investimento no sistema público de saúde afetam as relações sociais - evidenciadas pelo individualismo e pelo papel encolhido do Estado como provedor de bem-estar social. Contraditoriamente a saúde é vista como um direito e como uma responsabilidade do poder público e a participação nos grupos como mecanismo produtor de cooperação, respeito, transformação individual e coletiva, compromisso, pertencimento e como multiplicadora de princípios. As contradições de uma cidadania colocada em prática neste contexto reafirmam a necessidade de uma redefinição do controle social frente a multiplicidade de crenças e de (des) associação social. / The social participation theme reveals several challenges faced by the need of the subjects\' involvement in political and decision making practices in the Brazilian public health system. It is essential to understand that historical construction and the socio-political context influence the expression and organization of groups that seek to participate in decision-making processes, as well as the role they occupy in the structure of social health policies. Likewise, elements such as citizenship building, solidarity and social interdependence that are fundamental to the formation of a sense of belonging can not be disregarded. If on the one hand we have some mechanisms of participation already institutionalized and in fact some people already participate, on the other hand it is still frequent the detachment of the majority of the population of political subjects. Thus, although studies affirm the decline of civic life and the existence of a crisis of participatory democracy, this project sought to identify challenges and potentialities that social groups that do not perceive themselves as linked to the struggle for health rights could develop to strengthen the universal system, to produce it as a common and to join the claim for the right to health. For that, a qualitative, cross-sectional study was carried out through narratives of personal and family experiences about the participation in collectives, the disease-health process, the search for care, the prevention of diseases and the promotion of health. The interviews were made with three participants from each of the following groups: religious, volunteers from a non-governmental organization (NGO), sports practice and related to the claim for housing. The study revealed that despite the vocalization of a broad view of health and life quality, health is still strongly represented by the sum of individual decisions. There is a perception that neoliberal policies besides compromising quality and investment in the public health system affect social relations - evidenced by individualism and the shrinking role of the state as a provider of social welfare. Contradictory health is seen as a right and as a responsibility of the government and participation in groups as a mechanism for cooperation, respect, individual and collective transformation, commitment, belonging and as a multiplier of principles. The contradictions of a citizenship put into practice in this context reaffirm the need for a reorientation of the social control to the multiplicity of beliefs and social (dis) association.
258

Gestão participativa no distrito sanitário especial indígena Cuibá: uma análise de sua viabilidade política / Participatory management in the Special Indigenous Sanitary District Cuiabá: an analysis of its political viability

Vargas, Karem Dall Acqua 05 August 2015 (has links)
Este trabalho se inscreve no campo da saúde pública em sua perspectiva interdisciplinar, pois mobiliza conhecimentos oriundos da epidemiologia, do planejamento e das ciências humanas e sociais. Nosso objetivo central foi analisar a viabilidade política do planejamento participativo na Terra Indígena Tirecatinga, DSEI Cuiabá, Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. A fundamentação teórica utilizada foi a Teoria do Jogo Social de Carlos Matus que visita e amplia duas outras teorias formuladas pelo autor: a Teoria das Situações e a Teoria da Produção Social. A estratégia metodológica escolhida foi o Estudo de Caso tendo em vista que a formulação de um plano local por meio do planejamento estratégico situacional tratou-se de um caso não significando que o processo e os resultados obtidos poderão ser generalizados para as demais comunidades indígenas do território nacional. Os depoimentos foram submetidos à Análise do Discurso segundo hipóteses de Dominique Mainguenau. Esperamos que o exercício do planejamento em território indígena amplie a compreensão da situação de saúde dos índios que vivem na Terra Indígena Tirecatinga, território adstrito ao DSEI Cuiabá; estenda a compreensão sobre as lógicas de ação que permeiam as práticas dos sujeitos nos espaços de participação social; que o planejamento seja um instrumento de reflexão e mudança para a organização fornecendo subsídios para a institucionalização do mesmo tendo em vista as necessidades dos sujeitos e, sobretudo, promova a reflexividade e a atividade crítica na comunidade indígena participante / This work falls within the field of public health from an interdisciplinary perspective as it mobilizes knowledge from epidemiology, planning and human and social sciences. Our main objective was to analyze the political viability of participatory planning within Tirecatinga Indigenous Territory, DSEI Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The theoretical framework used was the Theory of Social Game by Carlos Matus, created by visiting and extending two other theories formulated by the same author: the Theory of Situations and the Theory of Social Production. The selected methodological strategy was a case study with a view to formulate a local level situational strategic planning used to treat a case. Therefore the process and the results cannot be generalised to other indigenous communities within the national territory. All reports were submitted to Discourse Analysis according to Dominique Mainguenaus hypothesis. We hope that the exercise of planning within indigenous territories can expand the understanding of the health status of Indians living within Tirecatinga Indigenous Territorry, a territory attached to the DSEI Cuiabá; extend the understanding of the logic of action that permeates the practices of the subjects in the spaces of social participation; that planning can be used as a reflection tool and promote changes to the organization providing support for the institutionalization from a perspective which recognizes the needs of individuals and, above all, promote reflexivity and critical activity within the participating indigenous community
259

Rede de proteção social e promoção de direitos: contribuições do conselho tutelar para a integralidade e a intersetorialidade (Uberaba - MG) / Social network of protection and promotion of rights: the contributions of Tutelary Council for integrality and intersectoral (Uberaba-Minas Gerais, Brazil)

Aragão, Ailton de Souza 12 September 2011 (has links)
As redes de proteção social encontram na concepção dos determinantes sociais da saúde denso aporte conceitual para análise e intervenção sobre as violências contra crianças e adolescentes. De um lado, essa concepção permite a compreensão integral dos indivíduos, famílias e comunidades e, de outro, a proposição de políticas públicas intersetoriais. O presente estudo objetivou conhecer e analisar sob a ótica dos sujeitos sociais (do Conselho Tutelar, profissionais de instituições de saúde e de assistência social e integrantes do judiciário) a atuação da rede de proteção social à criança e ao adolescente no município de Uberaba-MG. Os objetivos específicos consistiram em: identificar e classificar os direitos violados atendidos pelo Conselho Tutelar em relação ao Sistema de Informação para a Infância e Adolescência (SIPIA); caracterizar a rede de atendimento à criança e ao adolescente quando da violação de direitos e avaliar, sob a ótica dos sujeitos sociais, os avanços e desafios da rede de proteção social. Trata-se de estudo de caso desenvolvido com a triangulação de métodos. A metodologia qualitativa conduziu a coleta e a análise de 42 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com profissionais da Saúde, da Assistência Social, do Terceiro Setor e do Ministério Público. A metodologia quantitativa permitiu o tratamento dos dados de fontes secundárias (relatórios consolidados do segundo semestre de 2007 ao primeiro semestre de 2010) e seu cotejamento com a classificação do SIPIA. Do total (N= 6441) das 32 violências tipificadas pelo Conselho Tutelar, os \"conflitos familiares\", que infringem do artigo 19 ao 52 do ECA, somaram, em média, 19,6%, seguidos do \"comportamento irregular\" (artigo 103 ao 105), com 15,3%. Nos maus-tratos, enquanto comunicações de \"abandono\", \"agressão\", \"conflitos familiares\", \"espancamento\", \"maus tratos\", \"omissão\" e \"situações de risco e irregular\", temos 41,1% dos fatos. Relativamente aos encaminhamentos (N= 8119), o serviço de psicologia do Conselho acolheu, em média, 3,5% dos fatos, seguido pelo acionamento de serviços do setor de saúde: CRIA/CAPS e CAPS-D (3,0%) e, do setor de assistência social, o CREAS acolheu 2,7%. Os depoimentos dos profissionais evidenciaram a permanência de ações fragmentadas face à agudização das vulnerabilidades e, por vezes, relações hierarquizadas entre os integrantes das redes de responsabilização, de defesa e de atendimento. As equipes dos CRAS e das ESF´s indicaram o volume de demandas, a extensão dos territórios e a falta de efetividade do contra-referenciamento como obstáculos à continuidade da atenção às crianças, aos adolescentes e aos arranjos familiares nos territórios. Observou-se, também, a sedimentação do fluxo entre as instituições por ocasião dos casos agudos das violências, especialmente entre CREAS, SEDS e o Ministério Público. Verificou-se forte tendência à individualização das violências e vulnerabilidades manifesta na responsabilização do indivíduo ou da família e nas dificuldades para a estruturação de ações preventivas. O estudo demonstrou, ainda, a emergência de práticas intersetoriais na rede de proteção e a relevância da atuação do Conselho para a efetivação da intersetorialidade. Refletir sobre o fazer do Conselho pode subsidiar a crítica às ações focalistas e emergenciais e contribuir para o redirecionamento das políticas municipais às demandas dos diversos territórios e sujeitos. / The social safety nets are in the design of social determinants of health dense conceptual input for analysis and action on violence against children and adolescents. On the one hand, this design allows a full understanding of individuals, families and communities and on the other, the proposition intersectoral public policies. This study aimed to identify and analyze from the perspective of social subjects (the Guardian Council, professionals from health and social care and members of the judiciary) the role of social safety net for children and adolescents in the municipality of Uberaba-MG . The specific objectives were: to identify and classify the rights violated by the Guardian Council met in relation to the Information System for Childhood and Adolescence (ISCA) characterize the network of services to children and teens when the violation of rights and assessment under the perspective of social subjects, advances and challenges of social safety net. It is a case study developed with the triangulation of methods. Qualitative methodology led to collection and analysis of 42 semi-structured interviews with professionals from Health, Social Assistance, the Third Sector and the Public Ministry. The methodology allowed the quantitative treatment of data from secondary sources (reports consolidated second half of 2007 to the first half of 2010) and their mutual comparison with the classification of ISCA. Of the total (N = 6441) of 32 violence typified by the Guardian Council, the \"family conflicts\", in breach of Article 19 to 52 of the SCA, amounted, on average, 19.6%, followed by the \"erratic behavior\" (Article 103 to 105), with 15.3%. In the ill-treatment, while communications \"abandonment,\" \"aggression,\" \"family conflicts\", \"beating\", \"abuse\", \"omission\" and \"situations of risk and irregular\", we have 41.1% of the facts. For referrals (N = 8119), the psychology service of the Council received an average of 3.5% of the facts, followed by the activation of services in the health sector: RCCA / CPS and PCC-AD (3.0%) and social assistance sector, 2.7% received the creases. The testimony of professionals showed the persistence of fragmented actions against the vulnerabilities and acute, sometimes hierarchical relationships between members of networks of accountability, advocacy and service. Teams of RCSA and the FHT\'s indicated the volume of demands, the extent of the territories and the lack of effectiveness of counterreferencing as obstacles to continuity of care for children, adolescents and family arrangements in the territories. There was also the sedimentation of the stream between the institutions during the acute cases of violence, especially among CSASR, DSD and prosecutors. There was a strong tendency to individualization of violence and vulnerability manifested in the accountability of the individual or family and the difficulties in the structuring of preventive actions. The study also shows the emergence of sector practices in the safety net and the relevance of the work of the Council for the effectiveness of intersectoral cooperation. Reflecting on the making of the Council may support the criticism of the focal and emergency actions and contribute to the diversion of municipal policies to the demands of the various territories and subjects.
260

A governança no conselho gestor da Área de Proteção Ambiental Bororé-Colônia, no extremo sul do município de São Paulo / Governance in the managing council of the Environmental Protected Area Bororé- Colônia, in the southern city of São Paulo.

Castro, Juliana Ferreira de 13 November 2015 (has links)
Em todo o mundo a natureza está sendo impactada, os processos de desigualdade econômica e política se consolidam e as práticas de conservação acabam sendo pouco equitativas, colaborativas e sistematicamente conectadas (IUCN, 2014). Há grandes desafios para que seja consolidada a conservação da natureza, fomentado o desenvolvimento de sociedades sustentáveis e cumpridos os direitos humanos e a integração da sociedade na gestão ambiental pública é um dos caminhos apontados para enfrentá-los. As Áreas de Proteção Ambiental (APA) são as categorias de unidade de conservação que ocupam a maior extensão dos territórios terrestre e marinho protegidos no Brasil e objetivam compatibilizar a conservação do patrimônio natural com a melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas que habitam esses territórios (BRASIL, 2011). Por serem formadas por terras públicas e privadas, por abarcarem, em geral, grandes extensões territoriais e por serem, normalmente, dotadas de elevados graus de ocupação humana, as APA apresentam complexos processos sociais, econômicos e políticos, além de abrigarem pessoas e instituições que possuem diferentes relações e entendimentos com relação aos recursos naturais que se encontram naquele território, o que decorre em diferentes usos e concepções sobre aquelas unidades de conservação. No extremo sul do município de São Paulo, foi instituída em 2006 a APA Bororé-Colônia, em uma zona rural, produtora e repositora de água, na qual habitam cidadãos que estão constantemente buscando resistir às pressões da metrópole e que possuem um referencial mais ligado ao ambiente rural. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar como se dá a governança no conselho gestor da APA Bororé-Colônia, ou seja, como interagem o governo e as diversas organizações sociais, como se relacionam com os cidadãos e como são tomadas as decisões tendo em vista o bom exercício do poder para o cumprimento responsável dos objetivos da unidade de conservação. Este estudo contribui para entender a potencialidade desse fórum em promover a participação social na gestão ambiental pública, além de identificar os entraves que se apresentam a essa possibilidade. Os métodos empregados consistiram na definição do referencial teórico; com destaque para os princípios e critérios de boa governança na gestão de unidades de conservação (GRAHAM; AMOS; PLUMPTRE, 2003), na aplicação de entrevistas junto aos conselheiros, na observação não participante nas reuniões do conselho gestor da APA Bororé-Colônia e em incursões na unidade de conservação acompanhando o gestor. O conselho gestor da APA Bororé-Colônia é um colegiado que permite a interação entre o poder público e as diversas organizações sociais que se relacionam com a APABC, incluindo representantes das camadas que foram historicamente alijadas das tomadas de decisão. O colegiado enfrenta grandes dificuldades, mas possui grande potencial como agente político e espaço de ensinoaprendizagem, além de permitir que os atores sociais dialoguem sobre assuntos ainda não conversados e que sejam construídas coletivamente alternativas que contem com o comprometimento de todos os conselheiros / Worldwide nature is being impacted, the economic inequality and political processes are consolidated and conservation practices end up being inequitable, non collaborative and systematically not connected (IUCN, 2014). There are great challenges on nature conservation consolidation, on fostering the development of sustainable societies and human rights practiced, so the integration of society in public environmental management is one of the highlighted ways to address them. The Environmental Protection Areas (APA in portuguese) are the categories of protected area occupying the greater extent of terrestrial and marine protected areas in Brazil and aim to reconcile the conservation of natural heritage to improving the quality of life of the people who inhabit these territories ( BRAZIL, 2011). Because they are made up of public and private lands, by covering generally large territorial extensions and generally endowed with high levels of human occupation, the APA have complex social, economic and political processes. In addition, it shelters people and institutions that have different relations and understandings about natural resources that are in that territory, stated by different usages and conceptions of those protected areas. At the southern end of the municipality of São Paulo was established in 2006 the APA Bororé-Colônia, in a rural area, a water producer and replenisher, in which citizens live, have a more connected reference to the rural environment and are constantly seeking to resist the pressures of the metropolis. The objective of this study is to analyze how governance in the managing council of APA-Bororé Cologne is built, that is, how they interact government and various social organizations, how they relate to citizens and how decisions are taken in view of the good exercise of power to the responsible fulfillment of the protected area goals. This study contributes to understand the potential of this forum to promote social participation in public environmental management, and to identify the obstacles that present themselves to this possibility. The methods consisted in defining the theoretical framework; highlighting the principles and criteria of \"good\" governance in the management of protected areas (GRAHAM; AMOS; Plumptre, 2003), by applying interviews with counselors, by nonparticipant observation in the managing council meetings of the APA Bororé-Colônia and through incursions into the protected area guided by its manager. The managing council of the APA Bororé-Colônia is a board that allows interaction between the government and the various social organizations that relate to APABC, including representatives of the layers that have historically been sidelined from decision-making. The collegiate faces great difficulties, but has great potential as a political agent and a teaching-learning space, besides allowing stakeholders to dialogue on issues not yet conversed, so that they built collectively alternatives that can count on the commitment of all directors

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