Czech mottled cattle is the original breed of cattle in the Czech Republic. It is part of a worldwide population of mottled breeds of the same phylogenetic origin, widespread, for all its continents, for its excellent properties and widespread use. It currently accounts for about one half of the total cattle population in the Czech Republic. The aim of the work was to monitor the growth of fattened bulls, focusing on the last half year of fattening and trying to determine the inflection point of fattening this breed under given breeding conditions. Furthermore, the monitored bulls were compared on the basis of genetic potential, ie the representation of the blood of the Czech spotted breed and according to the father. Fattening bulls are only from their own breeding as weaners from milked herds. The bulls are fattened up to the age of 24 months and are divided into groups of about 24pcs, depending on the weight. The feed is given to them twice a day, at regular intervals, with a mixing feed wagon with weight. The feed consists of corn silage, clover-grass silage and a core mixture, which the company produces itself. The results obtained did not show a statistically significant difference in the pre-slaughter live weight by father line, by month of birth of the individuals studied or by age at slaughter. Only by comparing the live weight before slaughter by SEUROP, there was a statistically significant difference.

O estudo comparou o desempenho preditivo dos modelos de previsão de redes neurais e de suavização exponencial, empregando dados diários do preço da arroba do boi gordo futuro (BM&FBOVESPA) entre janeiro de 2010 até dezembro de 2015. Os resultados mostram que modelos relativamente mais complexos como redes neurais não necessariamente apresentam melhor desempenho se comparados a modelos mais simples, e também mostram que a classificação relativa muda conforme variam as medidas de ajuste e/ou horizonte de previsão além de vantagens associadas a combinação de diversos modelos. / This study compared the predictive performance between neural network models and exponential smoothing, using daily data of live cattle future price (BM&FBOVESPA) from January 2010 to December 2015. The results show that relatively more complex models like neural networks do not necessarily display better performance compared to simpler ones. Results also shows that relative classification changes with respect to adjust measures and/or forecast horizons changes besides advantages achieved by model combinaion.

Este trabalho analisa a projeção e manipulação de imagens ao vivo no contexto da arte e tecnologia. As performances dos VJs - visual jockeys - têm sido cada vez mais requisitadas nos eventos direcionados à cultura eletrônica e as imagens geradas estabelecem relações híbridas com a música, o cinema, a videoarte e outras linguagens artísticas contemporâneas. A rápida expansão e ação desta forma de manifestação propulsionou a realização desta dissertação, que objetiva compreender essas relações com base na observação das apresentações, entrevistas estruturadas com agentes do meio e na leitura dos poucos textos existentes sobre o assunto, visto que a atividade de VJing é recente e aberta à experimentações que surgem a cada dia. É parte integrante deste trabalho um DVD com o vídeo \"VJing: imagens da cena\", que longe de ser uma experimentação artística, trata-se do registro de performances de VJing realizadas em casas noturnas, festivais e nos circuitos artísticos. / This work analyses the process of projecting and manipulating live images in the context of art and technology. VJs (visual jockeys) performances have been increasingly requested at electronic culture events and the generated images establish hybrid connections with music, cinema, video art and other contemporary artistic languages. The rapid increase of this kind of manifestation has incited the making of this dissertation, which aims at comprehending these connections based on observation of performances, interviews with the VJs and by reading the few existing texts about the subject, for VJing is recent and open to experiments that are held each day. A DVD with the video \"VJing: images of a scene\" is an essential part of the work and, far from being an artistic experimentation, it\'s a register of live visuals performances presented at clubs, festivals and artistic circuits.

O aumento nos limites de pesos estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira e o surgimento de novas combinações de veículos de carga nos últimos anos tornam necessária a verificação da segurança estrutural das pontes quando submetidas ao tráfego real. Este trabalho verifica o desempenho das obras de arte sob jurisdição do DER-SP através do índice de confiabilidade 'beta' e obtém limites para o peso de caminhões de modo a não comprometer sua integridade estrutural. São consideradas as superestruturas das pontes em concreto armado ou protendido, classes 36 e 45. Verifica-se o estado limite último nas seções transversais mais solicitadas por momento fletor positivo e negativo. No caso de pontes em concreto protendido, acrescenta-se o estado limite de formação de fissuras. Para a representação do tráfego real, é desenvolvido um modelo de carregamento móvel com base em pesagens de caminhões efetuadas em rodovias do estado de São Paulo. Admite-se a presença simultânea de veículos sobre a ponte e diferentes relações entre seus pesos. Os parâmetros estatísticos da resistência são determinados através da técnica de Monte Carlo. Apresenta-se os limites de peso em forma de equações, denominadas ECPLs (equações comprimento-peso limite), aplicáveis a quaisquer grupo de eixos consecutivos. Os resultados indicam restrições à circulação de algumas composições, especialmente ao rodotrem de 740 kN e 19,80 metros de comprimento. Considerando-se apenas o estado limite de serviço, as obras de arte classe 45 apresentam menores limites de peso devido à ponderação de ações durante o projeto / The increase in gross weight limits allowed by Brazilian legislation and the appearance of new truck configurations in last years require the assessment of bridges structural safety when submitted to real traffic. This thesis verifies the performance of the bridges under DER-SP jurisdiction using the reliability index 'beta' and obtains truck weight limits in order to guarantee its structural integrity. The superstructure of reinforced and prestressed concrete bridges, classes 36 and 45, is considered. The ultimate limit state is verified in cross sections submitted to critical positive and negative bending moments. In case of prestressed bridges, the tension limit state in concrete is added. To represent the real traffic, a live load model is developed based on weighting data collected from stations located at highways of the state of Sao Paulo. Multiple presence of vehicles over the bridge and different relations between weights are admitted. The statistical parameters of resistance are determined using the Monte Carlo technique. The gross weight limits are presented in the form of equations, known as bridge formulas, to be applied on any group of two or more consecutive axles. The results indicate restrictions to the traffic of some vehicles, especially the 740 kN and 19,80 meters length roadtrain. Considering only the serviceability limit state, bridges class 45 exhibit lower weight limits due to the load factors recommended by the code during design

Mais do que uma ferramenta para gestão do risco de preços para produtores e consumidores, os contratos futuros agropecuários tem se tornado uma importante opção de investimento principalmente em períodos de crise quando os riscos no mercado de ações aumentam. No Brasil, a participação de investidores no mercado futuro agropecuário ainda é pequena, mas há um considerável potencial de crescimento, posto que o país é um importante player no mercado internacional das principais commodities agropecuárias como café, soja, milho, açúcar, etanol e carne. Neste contexto, será analisada neste trabalho a relação entre os retornos resultantes de posições compradas em contratos futuros agropecuários negociados na BM&FBOVESPA e o retorno apresentado pelo mercado de ações, representado pelo Índice Bovespa com atenção especial aos períodos de crise. Para isso, utilizou-se uma metodologia similar a desenvolvida por Baur e Lucey (2009) buscando identificar em qual categoria porto seguro, hedge ou diversificador - os dois principais contratos futuros negociados na BM&FBOVESPA - boi gordo e café arábica se encaixam. Os comportamentos de tais contratos foram analisados de forma isolada e também considerando carteiras formadas pelo ponto de mínimo risco da teoria do portfólio de Markowitz. Como resultado identifcou-se que o contrato futuro do boi gordo atua como hedge em relação ao mercado de ações, já o contrato futuro do café arábica, por apresentar correlação positiva, mas não perfeita, atua como diversificador. Combinando os dois contratos em posição comprada durante todo o período obteve-se uma carteira cuja variância média foi inferior a variância do boi gordo e do café arábica, no entanto esta carteira apresenta correlação positiva em relação ao mercado de ações, o que a coloca na categoria de diversificador. Outra combinação entre os contratos foi feita utilizando uma estratégia dinâmica de negociação, ou seja, a posição adotada pelo investidor se altera no decorrer do tempo. Esta carteira apresentou uma variância média inferior à carteira estática e a correlação com o mercado de ações reduziu ainda mais, porém continuou positiva. Sendo assim, o boi gordo mostrou ser o contrato que melhor protege o investidor, mas seu retorno médio é inferior se comparado às demais opções, já a carteira dinâmica apresenta a segunda menor correlação e um retorno superior. Vale destacar que, apesar de nenhum contrato ter se mostrado como porto seguro em relação ao mercado de ações, todos podem ser utilizados com a finalidade de redução do risco. / More than a tool for managing price risk, commodity futures contracts have become an important investment option especially in times of crisis when the risk in the stock market increases. In Brazil, the participation of investors in the agricultural futures market is still small, but there is a huge potential for growth, given that the country is an important player in the international market of agricultural commodities such as coffee, soybeans, corn, sugar, ethanol and meat. In this context, this study aims to examine the relationship between returns resulting from long positions in the two major futures contracts traded at BM&FBOVESPA live cattle and arabica coffee - and returns made with an investment in the Brazilian stock market, with special attention to crisis periods. For this, a methodology similar to that developed by Baur and Lucey (2009) was used in order to identify in which category - safe haven, hedge or diversifier - the futures contracts fit. The behaviours of these two contracts were analysed separately and also considering portfolios formed using the Markowitz theory of portfolio. As a result, it was identified that the live cattle futures contract can be considered as a hedge against the stock market. The arabica coffee, for presenting a positive correlation, but not perfect, serves as a diversifier. Combining the two contracts considering long position throughout the period was obtained a portfolio whose average variance was lower than the variance of the live cattle as well as the arabica coffee, however the returns of this portfolio presents a positive correlation against the stock market which places it in the diversifier category. Another combination of the contracts was made using a dynamic trading strategy, ie, the position adopted by the investor changes over time. This portfolio presented an average variance lower than the static portfolio (long position) and the correlation with the stock market was even lower than the static portfolio, but still positive. Thus, the live cattle contract proved to be the one that best protects the investor when added into a stock portfolio, but its average return is lower than all the others arabica coffee, static portfolio and dynamic portfolio). It is worth noting that although no contract had been shown as a safe haven compared to the stock market, all of them can be used for the purpose of reducing risk.

A implantação da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) no Brasil representou a modificação do modelo de atenção à saúde, pautado no conhecimento do território e do perfil epidemiológico, com foco no indivíduo, na família e comunidade. Neste processo, o Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) torna-se um profissional de fundamental importância para a consolidação das novas práticas em saúde e, pertencendo à comunidade, proporciona para a equipe de saúde da família uma melhor visão desta, facilitando o planejamento das ações. Assim, considerando-se as perspectivas realizadas em torno da ESF, os desafios da equipe para a consolidação do SUS e a importância que os estudos em torno da avaliação da Qualidade de vida (QV) exercem sobre a melhor compreensão do tema e na remodelação de políticas e práticas, principalmente na área da saúde, definiu-se serem os ACS e sua QV, focos desta pesquisa. O objetivo do presente estudo é descrever a qualidade de vida dos agentes comunitários de saúde, segundo o referencial do WHOQOL-bref (GRUPO WHOQOL, 1998), em uma cidade no interior do estado de São Paulo, no ano de 2007. Tratase de um estudo descritivo - exploratório e transversal. Participaram do estudo 198 ACS pertencentes a 21 unidades de saúde do município. Houve predominância de indivíduos do sexo feminino (86,1%), com média de idade de 34,3 anos, ensino médio completo (66,7%) e casados ou vivendo como casados (54,3%). A maioria dos ACS considerou a própria saúde como boa ou muito boa (79,7%) e 45,4% responderam ter nenhum problema de saúde. O tempo médio de trabalho dos ACS foi de 3 anos e 2 meses. Para testar a consistência interna do WHOQOL-bref foi calculado o Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, o qual apresentou valores satisfatórios para as 26 facetas ( = 0,91) e para os domínios físico, psicológico e meioambiente ( = 0,78; = 0,75 e = 0,76, respectivamente). Os escores médios para QV Geral foram 69,8 e 66,9, respectivamente, para Q1 e Q2. Para os domínios os escores médios foram 73,8 para o domínio físico; 71,7 para o domínio psicológico; 70,4 o domínio relações sociais e 55,8 para o domínio meio-ambiente. As facetas que apresentaram os maiores escores médios em cada domínio foram mobilidade (80,7) (domínio físico), espiritualidade / religiões / crenças pessoais (81,9) (domínio psicológico), relações pessoais (73,7) (domínio relações sociais), ambiente no lar (66,8) (domínio meio-ambiente). As facetas que apresentaram os menores escores médios de cada domínio foram sono e repouso (68,3) (domínio físico), sentimentos positivos (65,8) (domínio psicológico), suporte, apoio social (67,5) (domínio relações sociais), recursos financeiros (37,00) (domínio meio-ambiente). A hipótese inicial de que os ACS apresentariam escores baixos na avaliação da QV somente se confirmou para o domínio Meio-Ambiente, constituído de facetas inerentes à vida no lar e na comunidade, revelando necessidades não apenas do sujeito como profissional, mas como integrante e participante de uma comunidade. Os resultados contribuem positivamente no sentido das práticas de saúde sustentáveis que se constroem com profissionais comprometidos e satisfeitos quanto aos aspectos do trabalho e da vida. / The implementation of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in Brazil represented the modification of the model of the attention to the health, which is based on knowing the territory and its epidemic profile, focusing on the individual, on the family and on the community. In this process, the Community Health Agent (CHA) has become a really important professional to the consolidation of the new health actions and, because he belongs to the community, he knows about its characteristics and its fragilities, which provides, for the family health group, a better view of the community and makes the planning of the actions easier. Thus, considering the prospects held around the FHP, the challenges of the team for the consolidation of SHS and the importance that studies regarding the evaluation of Quality of Life (QoL) have for a better understanding of the subject and the remodeling of policies and practices, especially in health, the CHA and their QoL were defined as the foci of this research. The aim of this study is to describe the community health agents` quality of life in accordance with WHOQOL-bref (WHOQOL Group, 1998), from a city in the interior of São Paulo State in 2007. This is a descriptive-exploring and transversal study. 198 CHA have participated in this study; they belong to 21 health units of the city. There were more female than male individuals (86,1%), average age of 34, 3 years old, complete high school level (66,7%) and predominately married or living as they were married (54,3%). The majority of the CHA has considered their lives as good or as very good (79,7%) and 45,4% answered that they dont have any health problems. Their period of work was 3 years and 2 months on average. In order to test the internal consistency of the WHOQOL-bref , the Cronbachs Alpha coefficient was calculated and the result was satisfactory for the 26 facets ( = 0,91); and for the physical; psychological and for the environment domains ( = 0,78; = 0,75 e = 0,76, respectively). The mean scores for the Overall QoL were 69,8 and 66,9, respectively for Q1 and Q2. For the domains, the mean scores were 73,8 for the physical domain; 71,7 for the psychological domain; 70,4 for the social relationships domain and 55,8 for the environment domain. The facets that had the highest mean scores in each domain were mobility (80,7) (physical domain), spirituality / religiousness / personal beliefs (81,9) (psychological domain), personal relationships (73,7) (social relationships domain), home environment (66,8) (environment domain). The facets that had the lowest mean scores from each domain were sleep and rest (68,3) (physical domain), positive feelings (65,8) (psychological domain), social support (67,5) (social relationships domain), financial resources (37,0) (environment domain). The initial hypothesis that the CHA would present low scores on the QoL evaluation was confirmed just for the Environment field, which consists of facets inherent to life at home and community, revealing needs of the subject not only as a professional but as member and participant of a community. The results contribute positively towards sustainable practices in health, which are built with committed and satisfied professionals regarding the aspects of work and life.

Multiple resources currently exist that provide tips, tricks, and hints on gaining greater success, or increasing one’s chances for success, in the field of live content creation. However, these resources often lack depth, detail, large sample size, or significant research on the topic. The purpose of this thesis is twofold: to aggregate and optimize the very best methods for live content creators to employ as they begin a streaming career, and how best to implement these methodologies for maximum success in the current streaming market. Through analysis of a set of semi-structured interviews, popular literature, and existing, ancillary research, repeating patterns will be identified to be used as the basis for a structured plan that achieves the stated objectives. Further research will serve to reinforce as well as optimize the common methodologies identified within the interview corpus.

La disponibilité de plateformes middleware dans le cloud, avec un passage à l'échelle transparent est un vrai progrès pour les développeurs et les intégrateurs logiciels. Ils peuvent développer et déployer leurs applications sans s'inquiéter des détails opérationnels. Cependant, le coût d'exploitation d'une infrastructure dans le cloud peut devenir rapidement important. Les fournisseurs doivent disposer de méthodes pour le réduire en adaptant la taille des ressources aux besoins des clients. Dans cette thèse, nous nous focalisons sur les applications Web multi-tenant transactionnelles, plus particulièrement les moteurs d'exécution de processus métiers. Nous proposons des méthodes permettant d'optimiser les coûts opérationnels d'un fournisseur d'exécution de processus "en tant que service" (BPMaaS) tout en assurant un niveau suffisant de qualité de service. Ce type d'applications ne passe pas facilement à l'échelle à cause de sa couche persistance et de la nature transactionnelle des opérations. Il faut distribuer les installations des clients de manière à optimiser les coûts et éventuellement les déplacer en fonction de l'évolution de la charge. Ces déplacements (ou migrations) ont un impact sur la qualité de service et il faut les limiter. Dans un premier temps, nous proposons une méthode de mesure de la capacité des ressources du cloud en termes de débit d'exécution de tâches BPM, puis nous proposons une méthode de mesure de l'impact des migrations que nous avons évalué, ceci confirmant nos hypothèses. Ensuite, nous proposons plusieurs modèles d'optimisation linéaire, ainsi que des heuristiques d'allocation de ressources et de distribution des clients prenant en compte le coût de l'infrastructure, la capacité des ressources et les besoins des clients, tout en limitant les nombres de migrations. Ces modèles sont fondés sur la connaissance de l'évolution de la charge des clients par unité de temps. Nous avons expérimenté les trois méthodes que nous avons proposées sur la solution BPM Bonita, et montré qu'elles permettent des gains substantiels sur l'exploitation de l'infrastructure par rapport à une méthode basique / The availability of middleware platforms in the cloud, with "transparent" scalability, is a progress for software developers and integrators. They can develop and deploy their applications without worrying about technical details. However, the exploitation cost of a cloud infrastructure can quickly become important. Providers requires methods to reduce this cost by adapting the size of ressources to the needs of the customers. In this thesis, we focus on multi-tenant transactional web applications, more precisely on business processes execution engines. We propose methods allowing to optimize the operational costs of providers of business process execution "as a Service" (BPMaaS) while ensuring a sufficient level of quality of service. This type of application do not scale well because of its persistence tier and of the transactional nature of operations. One must distribute the customers installations in order to optimize the cost, and sometimes move them depending of the needs of the customers. These moves (or migrations) have an impact on the quality of service and they must be limited. First, we propose a method for measuring the size of resources in terms of BPM tasks throughput, and then a method for measuring the impact of migrations we evaluate, thus confirming our hypothesis. We also propose several linear optimization models and heuristics targeting resouce allocation and distribution of customers, while limiting the number of migrations. These models are based on the knowledge of the needs of customers per time slot. We have experimented our three methods on the BPM solution Bonita, and demonstrated that they provide substantial savings on the infrastructure exploitation compared to a basic method

The aim of this study is to examine how notions of ageing, old age, life course and a good life is related to old peoples understanding of and their actions about their living situation. Notions, ideals and practices of home, ageing and old age are studied with ethnographic methods and analyzed with Sara Ahmeds phenomenological and queer theoretical tools ”the straight line” and ”orientation” to show how they relate to each other. The empirical material is based on 13 qualitative interviews with 15 persons who are more than 65 years old and live in different housing types in Sweden. The informants understanding of ageing and old age is one focus of the study, and the decision to move or not – and to where – is another. Even the experience of moving to a new place and the experience of elderly care in their home is described. The result shows that the decision of where to live and if, or when, it is necessary to move is often characterized by ambivalence during old age. It is related to two opposite norms about how to act during old age. Old people are expected to move as a preparation for negative changes in health, which follows a normative life course. At the same time, old people are expected to counteract their ageing by trying to stay in their home as long as possible. The event to move during old age can therefore be seen as a part in the process of becoming old. The opposite norms which old people have to relate to makes it difficult for old people to stay oriented. The study also shows that the feeling of home, the experiance of becoming old and orientation to norms affect each other.

This thesis concerns a longitudinal study of the practice of Live Peer Assessment on two University courses in Computer Science. By Live Peer Assessment I mean a practice of whole-class collective marking using electronic devices of student artefacts demonstrated in a class or lecture theatre with instantaneous aggregated results displayed on screen immediately after each grading decision. This is radically different from historical peer-assessment in universities which has primarily been asynchronous process of marking of students' work by small subsets of the cohort (e.g. 1 student artefact is marked by < 3 fellow students). Live Peer Assessment takes place in public, is marked by (as far as practically possible) the whole cohort, and results are instantaneous. This study observes this practice, first on a level 4 course in E-Media Design where students' main assignment is a multimedia CV (or resume) and secondly on a level 7 course in Multimedia Specification Design and Production where students produce a multimedia information artefact in both prototype and final versions. In both cases, students learned about these assignments from reviewing works done by previous students in Live Peer Evaluation events where they were asked to collectively publicly mark those works according to the same rubrics that the tutors would be using. In this level 4 course, this was used to help students get a better understanding of the marks criteria. In the level 7 course, this goal was also pursued, but was also used for the peer marking of students' own work. Among the major findings of this study are: • In the level 4 course student attainment in the final assessment improved on average by 13% over 4 iterations of the course, with very marked increase among students in the lower percentiles • The effectiveness of Live Peer Assessment in improving student work comes from o Raising the profile of the marking rubric o Establishing a repertoire of example work o Modelling the 'noticing' of salient features (of quality or defect) enabling students to self-monitor more effectively • In the major accepted measure of peer-assessment reliability (correlation between student awarded marks and tutor awarded marks) Live Peer Assessment is superior to traditional peer assessment. That is to say, students mark more like tutors when using Live Peer Assessment • In the second major measure (effect-size) which calculates if students are more strict or generous than tutors, (where the ideal would be no difference), Live Peer Assessment is broadly comparable with traditional peer assessment but this is susceptible to the conditions under which it takes place • The reason for the better greater alignment of student and tutor marks comes from the training sessions but also from the public nature of the marking where individuals can compare their marking practice with that of the rest of the class on a criterion by criterion basis • New measures proposed in this thesis to measure the health of peer assessment events comprise: Krippendorf's Alpha, Magin's Reciprocity Matrix, the median pairwise tutor student marks correlation, the Skewness and Kurtosis of the distribution of pairwise tutor student marking correlations • Recommendations for practice comprise that: o summative peer assessment should not take place under conditions of anonymity but that very light conditions of marking competence should be enforced on student markers (e.g. > 0.2 correlation between individual student marking and that of tutors) o That rubrics can be more suggestive and colloquial in the conditions of Live Peer Assessment because the marking criteria can be instantiated in specific examples of student attainment and therefore the criteria may be less legalistically drafted because a more holistic understanding of quality can be communicated.