The health and well-being of U.S. children is challenged by the immense crisis of obesity. The obesity proneness model, first described by Costanzo and Woody (1985), describes one mechanism by which parents influence obesity development. This model suggests that parents become concerned about their children's weight if their children show signs of becoming overweight and parents value weight highly. Parents communicate their concerns to their children and restrict their children's eating. Children internalize parents' concerns and become unable to regulate their eating. Hence, parents socialize children to be concerned about their weight but do not equip them to regulate eating, thus contributing to the development of obesity. Previous research has examined model components, primarily from parents' perspectives. This study examined the model from the adolescents' perspectives and employed structural equation modeling to test and refine a modified model and determine the best predictors of obesity among adolescents. The study was non-experimental in design, employing a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data collected as part of a modified Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) administered in Sarasota County, Florida, high schools during fall 2006. Models were tested and modified in a training sample, Sample A (N = 784); final models were cross-validated in a hold-out sample, Sample B (N = 749). Findings suggested that a refined model was plausible (χ²/df = 331.97/64, TLI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.07; χ²/df = 226/64, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.06, Samples A and B, respectively). Many paths were statistically significant; e.g., students who perceived mothers to be concerned about their weight were likely to think mothers perceived them as heavier, valued weight highly, had restrictive feeding practices, and made comments about their weight. Students with greater internalized concern about weight were likely to think mothers made comments about their weight and were heavier. Girls were more likely than boys to think mothers were concerned about their weight. Internalized concern about weight, but not inability to self-regulate eating, was predictive of weight status. Interventions addressing some of the model's constructs may provide a partial solution to problems of weight and inability to self-regulate eating behaviors.

No description available.

Marketing is one of the industries most impacted by the rapid development of AI and its applications. This study, in particular, illuminates the significant field of content personalization, which is a highly successful marketing strategy. In a world where content personalization is increasingly implemented by e-commerce websites, movie platforms, music platforms, and even news websites, the practice of collecting personal information for content personalization has raised concerns among consumers, leading many to reject such practices. Individuals' beliefs and cultural characteristics play a significant role in their attitudes toward content personalization. Therefore, this study aims to explore the drivers that would lead someone to share their personal information for content personalization. However, rather than just examining this trade-off, the study seeks to gain a deeper understanding of the issue by exploring how these drivers are related to individual cultural characteristics. To explore consumers' opinions and the drivers that would motivate someone to share their personal information for content personalization, interviews were conducted with individuals from Northern Europe and Greece, who have different cultural characteristics. By examining the topic through personal experiences and perspectives, the study revealed that certain drivers are considered regardless of culture, while others are culturally specific, thus creating specific patterns for how individuals of different cultures think. This information can guide marketers, policymakers, and professionals in the field to align their practices with the diverse cultural characteristics of individuals.

The purpose of this investigation was to explore how participants' language use during counseling (overall emotional expression, positive emotional expression, and communal coping, or "we-talk") was associated with superior adjustment, as measured by four psychosocial outcome variables (depression, positive affect, negative affect, and relationship satisfaction); as well as to identify the key concerns of dyads with cancer, how concerns differed by role and sex, and if they were associated with participants' well-being. The present study was a content analysis of the counseling sessions of 43 dyads (N = 86) with breast and prostate cancer. Using a multi-method approach, the audio recordings of 228 counseling sessions were transcribed and analyzed linguistically (quantitatively) and thematically (qualitatively).Results of the linguistic analyses revealed that participant's use of "we-talk" had the most consistent and beneficial effect on outcomes; specifically improved depression, negative affect, and relationship satisfaction. These findings suggest that it might not be as important how much a person expresses themselves emotionally, but rather, whether they have a close relational partner that they see as an instrumental part of their coping process and significantly intertwined in their life, which is reflected in their language use of communal coping.Results of the thematic analyses revealed that survivors' concerns were more focused on cancer and treatment related issues, whereas partners' concerns centered on the well-being of their spouse/partner with cancer, and what they were doing to help their loved one cope with his/her illness. The overarching key concern that was intertwined in participants' discourse was frequent discussion of relationship maintenance, negotiation, and communication issues. In addition, discussion of these concerns showed greatest benefits for women with breast cancer.The findings of this study has implications for counselors and clinicians in that language use and topics discussed during counseling have the potential to increase psychosocial adjustment for dyads coping with cancer. The general discourse of survivors mirrored that of their partners, which indicates that helping to modify or change how one person speaks, has the potential to influence how their partner talks as well; which has implications for the well-being of both dyad members.

Doctor of Philosophy / Curriculum and Instruction / Rosemary Talab / The purpose of this study was to investigate concerns regarding the adoption of online teaching as expressed by faculty and instructors in six departments in the College of Arts and Humanities at King Abdulaziz University. Additionally, it investigated faculty professional development needs in adopting online teaching. The data in this study were obtained from 147 faculty members (response rate 63.9%). A non-experimental, cross-sectional survey design was used, incorporating the Stages of Concern Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using quantitative measures (descriptive data analysis and inferential analysis). This study utilized the Concerns Based Adoption Model as its theoretical framework. King Abdulaziz University faculty Stages of Concerns findings showed a mean score percentile of 87% of them as Unconcerned. The Informational stage showed a mean score percentile of 72%, and the Personal stage was the third highest with a mean score percentile of 70%. Refocusing, Collaboration, and Management were the fourth, fifth, and sixth highest stages of concern. The Consequence stage was the lowest stage of concern. The Stages of Concern Questionnaire had concerns that were generally aligned to nonusers or users who sometimes implement parts of online teaching. The data analysis regarding the participants’ personal characteristics indicated that their concerns in adopting online teaching were not influenced by their age, country of graduation, or years of teaching experience. A statistically significant difference was found in the participant concerns in adopting online teaching by gender, p<.05. The significance differences were found in stage one (Informational) (p<.05), stage two (Personal) (p<.01), and stage six (Refocusing) (p<.001). Likewise, the data analysis regarding the participants’ contextual characteristics indicated that their concerns in adopting online teaching were not influenced by their department or academic rank. A statistically significant difference was found in the participants’ concerns in adopting online teaching based on administrative support, p<.05. The significances were found in stages zero (Unconcerned) (p<.05) and three (Management) (p<.01). The data analysis regarding the technographic characteristics also indicated a statistically significant influence of participants' prior instructional technology use and technology-related professional development on their use of technology in teaching. The significance values were .000, .006, .009, and .030. The study concludes with recommendations for King Abdulaziz University regarding faculty adoption of online teaching and recommendations for future studies focused on professional development programs and the adoption of online teaching in King Abdulaziz University as well as in other Saudi universities.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-08-09T16:17:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tania Mara Grigoletto_.pdf: 20482181 bytes, checksum: be2f12743e1a4ff3a24bbb0c607a1b5d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-09T16:17:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tania Mara Grigoletto_.pdf: 20482181 bytes, checksum: be2f12743e1a4ff3a24bbb0c607a1b5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-13 / Nenhuma / O equilíbrio financeiro é a busca de muitos brasileiros que se acostumaram a viver em um país com constantes crises econômicas e grandes diferenças de renda. Essa questão, que pode impactar na qualidade de vida, envolve objetivos, atitudes e padrões de comportamento pessoais. A compreensão do comportamento humano, por sua vez, vem sendo uma das áreas de interesse do design. Diante desse panorama, o objetivo deste estudo foi compreender como o design pode contribuir para despertar emoções, melhorando a experiência entre poupadores, a partir da identificação de concerns conflitantes e o seu uso como insumo projetual. Concerns, na teoria dos Appraisals, é o termo utilizado para descrever interesses, objetivos, demandas, padrões e atitudes individuais os quais nem sempre, estão alinhados, podendo conflitar entre si. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa direta com usuários (dois grupos focais com poupadores e não poupadores) objetivando identificar os concerns e conflitos envolvidos nessa temática. A partir dos resultados construiu-se um perfil de concern em que 17 foram identificados como conflitantes e seis como significativos. Também foi possível gerar cinco personas. Esses dados foram organizados de forma visual e levados para um workshop, no qual quatro grupos de projetistas (designers e não designers) criaram conceitos para melhorar a experiência de poupar. Na primeira atividade foi solicitado que os grupos definissem, eles próprios, o seu conflito/problema. Posteriormente, criaram cinco conceitos: i) um aplicativo que determina um limite diário para gastos, ii) uma plataforma que conecta, estimula e auxilia as pessoas a pouparem, iii) um produto de investimento vinculado ao cartão de crédito para destinar um percentual da fatura à poupança, iv) uma forma de aconselhamento para as pessoas identificarem seus propósitos de economizar e, v) um aplicativo para a gestão financeira familiar. Algumas ideias focaram diretamente na melhoria da experiência de poupar, enquanto outras objetivaram tornar possível o ato de economizar. As atividades desenvolvidas ao longo da pesquisa geraram aprendizados sobre o uso de concerns conflitantes em projetos, os quais são explicitados nas considerações finais deste texto. / Financial balance is pursued by many Brazilians who became accustomed to living in a country with constant economic crises and astonishing income discrepancies. It is a subject that involves goals, postures and patterns of personal behavior and can have impact on life quality. The understanding of human behavior, in turn, became one of the areas that the Design grows interest in. Considering such context, this work aims at understanding how Design can contribute to arousing emotions, enhancing money savers’ experience, starting from the identification of conflicting concerns and their use as project input. In Appraisal Theory, concern is the term used for describing interests, goals, demands, patterns and individual postures which are frequently out of alignment and even conflicting with one another. First, a direct research was carried out among users (two focus groups, money savers and no money savers) in order to identify their concerns and conflicts. Based on the results, a concerns profile was built, 17 of them were qualified as conflicting and six as meaningful. It was also possible to generate five personas. These data were visually displayed and taken to a workshop, in which four groups of designers and no designers developed concepts that could enhance the experience of saving money. Along the first activity, the groups were asked to define, by themselves, the conflict/problem. Later, the groups created five concepts: i) an app that determines the amount of money one can spend a day; ii) a platform that connects, encourages and help people save money; iii) an investment product associated with one’s credit card bill (a percentage is saved); iv) counseling, so that people could set their money goals, establish the amount of money they want to save; and v) an app that would help families manage their own finances. Some of the ideas directly focused on the enhancement of the experience of saving money, others intended to make the whole act of saving money possible. The activities developed during the research generated learning about the use of conflicting concerns in projects, which are explained in the final considerations of this text.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-12-14T15:02:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Alcaraz Gomes Sant’Anna_.pdf: 27370392 bytes, checksum: 964fd836449dc6df59e0a8c04f53e431 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-14T15:02:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Alcaraz Gomes Sant’Anna_.pdf: 27370392 bytes, checksum: 964fd836449dc6df59e0a8c04f53e431 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-27 / Nenhuma / A área de estudo do design para a emoção explora o espaço de influência e contribuição do design na esfera psicológica dos usuários com o objetivo de gerar estratégias de design que possam estimular determinadas emoções ou facilitar o seu bem-estar. Nesse contexto, o ponto de partida para o processo projetual é a investigação dos concerns do usuário, aspecto que determina a dinâmica de suas motivações e emoções. A abordagem teórico-metodológica dilemma-driven design (design orientado para o dilema) investiga um aspecto específico dos concerns: o seu ponto de conflito, fator responsável por grande parte do desconforto emocional que experienciamos diariamente. O método estimula a geração de estratégias de design capazes de equilibrar os concerns conflitantes (dilemas) dos usuários a fim de facilitar sua maior percepção de bem-estar. O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar como o uso dos concerns conflitantes pode contribuir ao processo projetual do design no contexto da maternidade. Para tanto, foi escolhido um objeto de estudo característico por seus conflitos emocionais: a experiência da maternidade. A pesquisa empírica se estruturou na natureza qualitativa exploratória e teve como método condutor as diretrizes do design orientado para o dilema. Sua primeira etapa consistiu de um grupo focal com usuários (mães) para a descoberta de seus concerns e principais dilemas. Esse conteúdo foi utilizado como substrato teórico à etapa projetual, composta por dois workshops nos quais designers desenvolveram ideias de design de SPS (sistema produto-serviço), sendo que um dos grupos projetou para concerns conflitantes a partir do método design orientado para o dilema, e o outro projetou para concerns múltiplos com métodos livres. Os resultados da pesquisa sugerem uma nova formatação ao dilema (multipolar), capaz de atender a múltiplos concerns conflitantes simultaneamente. Além disso, abre-se caminho para projetos de SPS voltados para impactar diversos usuários, e provoca-se o debate acerca da influência positiva do designer-usuário no desempenho projetual. / The area of study of emotional design explores the space of influence and contribution of design in the psychological sphere of users with the aim of generating design strategies that can stimulate certain emotions or facilitate their well-being. In this context, the starting point for the design process is the investigation of the user's concerns, an aspect that determines the dynamics of his motivations and emotions. The theoretical-methodological approach dilemma-driven design investigates a specific aspect of the concerns: its point of conflict, factor responsible for much of the emotional discomfort we daily experience. The method stimulates the generation of design strategies capable of balancing the conflicting concerns (dilemmas) of the users in order to facilitate their greater perception of well-being. The purpose of this research is to verify how the use of conflicting concerns can contribute to the design design process. For this, it was chosen a object of study characterized by their emotional conflicts: the experience of motherhood. The empirical research was structured in the qualitative exploratory nature and had the directives of dilemma-driven design as the guiding method. Its first stage consisted of a focus group with users (mothers) to discover their concerns and main dilemmas. This content was used as a theoretical substrate for the design process, composed of two workshops in which designers developed PSS (product-service system) design ideas, and one of the groups projected to conflicting concerns oriented by the dilemma-driven design method, and the other designed for multiple concerns with free methods. The results of the research suggest a new format for the dilemma (multipolar), capable of meeting multiple conflicting concerns simultaneously. In addition, it opens the way for PSS projects aimed at impacting several users, and the debate about the positive influence provoked by the designer-user on the design process performance.

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of high school teachers’ concerns, willingness, aptitude, and use of iPads in the classroom during the adoption of a new technology. The design of this case study included a sample of eight teachers from the English, math, science, and history departments who were surveyed, observed, and interviewed using the Concerns-Based Adoption Model (CBAM). This study is guided by three research questions: (1) What are teachers’ concerns about using iPads in the high school English, math, science, and history classrooms? (2) What are teachers’ levels of iPad use in the English, math, science, and history classrooms? (3) What are teachers’ pedagogical practices as they use iPads in the English, math, science, and history classrooms? To research these questions, the study measured teacher concerns with the triangulation of three diagnostic instruments from the Concerns-Based Adoption Model: the Stages of Concern Questionnaire (SoCQ), the Innovation Configurations Map (IC Map), and the Levels of Use (LoU) matrix. The CBAM model was used to address the scarcity of literature regarding iPad use in content-area classrooms. The findings from the research show that the impact of introducing a new technology is more multifaceted than previously assumed. A teacher’s inclination and skill to use a new technology with their students varies considerably within a school and different approaches are observed across subject areas such as English, math, science, and history. When the Concerns-Based Adoption Model is used in organizational change, teacher concerns are revealed, which leads to finding opportunities for intervention and support by change facilitators who help individuals progress in the adoption of an innovation.

Abstract When personal data are collected and utilised to produce personal data intensive services, users of these services are exposed to the possibility of privacy losses. Users’ information privacy concerns may lead to non-adoption of new services and technologies, affecting the quality and the completeness of the collected data. These issues make it challenging to fully reap the benefits brought by the services. The evaluation of information privacy concerns makes it possible to address these concerns in the design and the development of personal data intensive services. This research investigated how privacy concerns evaluations should be developed to make them valid in the evolving data collection contexts. The research was conducted in two phases: employing a mixed-method research design and using a literature review methodology. In Phase 1, two empirical studies were conducted, following a mixed-method exploratory sequential design. In both studies, the data subjects’ privacy behaviour and privacy concerns that were associated with mobility data collection were first explored qualitatively, and quantitative instruments were then developed based on the qualitative results to generalise the findings. Phase 2 was planned to provide an extensive view on privacy behaviour and some possibilities to develop privacy concerns evaluation in new data collection contexts. Phase 2 consisted of two review studies: a systematic literature review of privacy behaviour models and a review of the EU data privacy legislation changes. The results show that in evolving data collection contexts, privacy behaviour and concerns have characteristics that differ from earlier ones. Privacy concerns have aspects specific to these contexts, and their multifaceted nature appears emphasised. Because privacy concerns are related to other privacy behaviour antecedents, it may be reasonable to incorporate some of these antecedents into evaluations. The existing privacy concerns evaluation instruments serve as valid starting points for evaluations in evolving personal data collection contexts. However, these instruments need to be revised and adapted to the new contexts. The development of privacy concerns evaluation may be challenging due to the incoherence of the existing privacy behaviour research. More overarching research is called for to facilitate the application of the existing knowledge. / Tiivistelmä Kun henkilötietoja kerätään ja hyödynnetään dataintensiivisten palveluiden tuottamiseen, palveluiden käyttäjien tietosuoja saattaa heikentyä. Käyttäjien tietosuojahuolet voivat hidastaa uusien palveluiden ja teknologioiden käyttöönottoa sekä vaikuttaa kerättävän tiedon laatuun ja kattavuuteen. Tämä hankaloittaa palveluiden täysimittaista hyödyntämistä. Tietosuojahuolten arviointi mahdollistaa niiden huomioimisen henkilötietoperusteisten palveluiden suunnittelussa ja kehittämisessä. Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitettiin, kuinka tietosuojahuolten arviointia tulisi kehittää muuttuvissa tiedonkeruuympäristöissä. Kaksivaiheisessa tutkimuksessa toteutettiin aluksi empiirinen monimenetelmällinen tutkimus ja tämän jälkeen systemaattinen kirjallisuustutkimus. Ensimmäisessä vaiheessa tehtiin kaksi empiiristä tutkimusta monimenetelmällisen tutkimuksen tutkivan peräkkäisen asetelman mukaisesti. Näissä tutkimuksissa selvitettiin ensin laadullisin menetelmin tietosuojakäyttäytymistä ja tietosuojahuolia liikkumisen dataa kerättäessä. Laadullisten tulosten pohjalta kehitettiin kvantitatiiviset instrumentit tulosten yleistettävyyden tutkimiseksi. Tutkimuksen toisessa vaiheessa toteutettiin kaksi katsaustyyppistä tutkimusta, jotta saataisiin kattava käsitys tietosuojakäyttäytymisestä sekä mahdollisuuksista kehittää tietosuojahuolten arviointia uusissa tiedonkeruuympäristöissä. Nämä tutkimukset olivat systemaattinen kirjallisuuskatsaus tietosuojakäyttäytymisen malleista sekä katsaus EU:n tietosuojalainsäädännön muutoksista. Tutkimuksen tulokset osoittavat, että kehittyvissä tiedonkeruuympäristöissä tietosuojakäyttäytyminen ja tietosuojahuolet poikkeavat aikaisemmista ympäristöistä. Näissä ympäristöissä esiintyy niille ominaisia tietosuojahuolia ja huolten monitahoisuus korostuu. Koska tietosuojahuolet ovat kytköksissä muihin tietosuojakäyttäytymistä ennustaviin muuttujiin, arviointeihin voi olla aiheellista sisällyttää myös näitä muuttujia. Olemassa olevia tietosuojahuolten arviointi-instrumentteja on perusteltua käyttää arvioinnin lähtökohtana myös kehittyvissä tiedonkeruuympäristöissä, mutta niitä on mukautettava uusiin ympäristöihin soveltuviksi. Arvioinnin kehittäminen voi olla haasteellista, sillä aikaisempi tietosuojatutkimus on epäyhtenäistä. Jotta sitä voidaan soveltaa asianmukaisesti arviointien kehittämisessä, tutkimusta on vietävä kokonaisvaltaisempaan suuntaan.

Den föreliggande studien syftade till att undersöka hur förövares- samt brottsoffers könstillhörighet samvarierar med strafflängd för individer dömda för grov misshandel.  Granskning av domar efter lagändringen den första juli 2017 där grov misshandel var det primära brottet genomfördes för att samla in data för jämförelse mellan män och kvinnor som förövare samt brottsoffer. Totalt användes 100 domar till analyserna med 61 manliga och 39 kvinnliga förövare. Det översiktliga resultatet indikerade att strafflängd inte samvarierade med vare sig förövarens eller brottsoffrets könstillhörighet när dessa undersöktes separat. Det återfanns däremot en signifikant samvariation för sammansättningarna av förövarens och offrets könstillhörighet och strafflängd. Skillnad återfanns endast mellan gruppen med kvinnliga förövare och manliga offer och gruppen med kvinnliga förövare och kvinnliga offer. Vid stratifiering för om fler brott än grov misshandel har påverkat straffvärdet samt för om förövaren tidigare var dömd återstod däremot inte denna skillnad. Resultatet diskuterades utifrån tidigare forskning samt teorierna Focal concerns och Paternalism/Chivalry theory, med fokus på grov misshandel som ett könsnormativt brott samt de metodologiska begränsningarna med den föreliggande studien. / The present study aimed to examine how the gender of perpetrators and victims of aggravated assault relates to the length of prison sentences. Data was collected to compare male and female perpetrators and victims from sentences where aggravated assault was the primary offense, after the change in legislation the first of July 2017. A total of 100 cases were included in the analysis with 61 male and 39 female perpetrators. In summary the result indicated that the length of the prison sentence did not relate to the gender of perpetrators or victims when examined separately. However, a significant result was found between perpetrator and victim gender constitution and the length of sentences. The difference was only found between the group with female perpetrators and male victims and the group with female perpetrators and female victims. The effect did not remain when stratifications were made regarding additional crimes besides aggravated assault affecting sentencing length and for prior convictions. The results are discussed in view of prior research, Focal concerns and Chivalry/Paternalism theory, with focus on aggravated assault as a gender normative crime together with the methodological limitations of the current study.