This dissertation is about the political and aesthetic dimensions of Indigenous media in Peruvian Amazonia. It explores how Kukama media-makers use aesthetic mastery to engage in three key political fields in Amazonia: indigeneity, historicity, and environmentalism. I specifically examine the audiovisual discourses and media-making practices coming from an Indigenous radio station called Radio Ucamara, located in the town of Nauta in Northeastern Peru (Loreto region). Drawing on place-based ethnography and digital research methods, I analyze the way this radio station instrumentalizes multiple digital and non-digital media forms to make visible (and also audible) their identities, violent histories, and cosmological worlds amidst their confrontation with the Peruvian neoliberal state and oil companies. The dissertation also contemplates how through these processes of mediatization, Amazonian ontologies, mytho-histories, and identities are being reimagined. For this purpose, I focus both on the analysis of media products (e.g., music videos, documentaries, journalistic reportage, murals, books) and the social dynamics surrounding those creations, to understand the way Kukama media producers take part in ongoing struggles for the revitalization of the Kukama language, seeking justice for the rubber times violence, and stopping the pollution of Amazonian rivers. Following theoretical frameworks derived from the anthropology of media and the anthropology of music and verbal art in Lowland South America, I argue that media aesthetics is becoming a major instrument in building political power in the region.

Esta tese trata de um estilo de criatividade política quilombola que não circunscreve sua territorialidade com base nos vínculos criados exclusivamente com a terra e com os produtos da terra. O estudo cartografa as modalidades de enfrentamento entre quilombolas, indígenas e “sem terras”, de um lado, com o Estado e seus mediadores, de outro, que decorrem de concepções divergentes acerca do território, da identidade e da composição da vida. O cenário é ambientado no contexto de implementação dos dispositivos de justiça para regularização fundiária do território habitado por famílias quilombolas que vivem na localidade de Júlio Borges, município do Salto do Jacuí, RS. Além dos quilombolas, passaram a residir no território titulado, dois coletivos distintos de indígenas Kaingang e algumas famílias que se apossaram de porções da mesma área de terras em processo de titulação. As formas de convívio entre quilombolas, indígenas e “sem terras” levam-nos a penetrar um mundo marcado pela transformação e pela diferenciação em movimentos sucessivos de devir. Este estilo de relação e de convívio, marcado pelo movimento, desenha modalidades de agenciamento político, cuja potência coloca à prova os dispositivos de organização do território de Júlio Borges operacionalizados pela Política Nacional de Titulação Territorial. A tese, ainda, lança-se à tarefa de dar credibilidade aos enunciados nativos, aos saberes e às técnicas que compõem a cosmopolítica da localidade de Júlio Borges. / This dissertation thesis discusses a style of Quilombola political creativity that does not circumscribe its territoriality based on links created exclusively with the land and the products of the earth. The study maps the modalities of confrontation between Quilombolas, indigenous people and the “landless” groups, and the state and its mediators on one side. On the other side, these confrontations arise from divergent conceptions of territory, identity and composition of life. The study took place in the context of the implementation of justice devices for the regularization of a territory inhabited by Quilombola families in the district of Júlio Borges, in the town of Salto do Jacuí, in Rio Grande do Sul. In addition to the Quilombolas, two separate groups of the Kaingang indigenous tribe and some families who took over portions of the same land undergoing a titling process took up residence in the territory. The kinds of interaction among Quilombolas, indigenous people and the "landless" showed us a world marked by transformation and the differentiation in consecutive movements of being. This way of association and interaction, that is marked by the movement, generates new forms of political mediation, and its power puts the organizational devices of the district of Júlio Borges that are operated by the National Policy on Land Titling to the test. This dissertation thesis aims at giving credibility to the indigenous voice, knowledge and political techniques that make up the cosmopolitics of the district of Júlio Borges.

Esta tese trata de um estilo de criatividade política quilombola que não circunscreve sua territorialidade com base nos vínculos criados exclusivamente com a terra e com os produtos da terra. O estudo cartografa as modalidades de enfrentamento entre quilombolas, indígenas e “sem terras”, de um lado, com o Estado e seus mediadores, de outro, que decorrem de concepções divergentes acerca do território, da identidade e da composição da vida. O cenário é ambientado no contexto de implementação dos dispositivos de justiça para regularização fundiária do território habitado por famílias quilombolas que vivem na localidade de Júlio Borges, município do Salto do Jacuí, RS. Além dos quilombolas, passaram a residir no território titulado, dois coletivos distintos de indígenas Kaingang e algumas famílias que se apossaram de porções da mesma área de terras em processo de titulação. As formas de convívio entre quilombolas, indígenas e “sem terras” levam-nos a penetrar um mundo marcado pela transformação e pela diferenciação em movimentos sucessivos de devir. Este estilo de relação e de convívio, marcado pelo movimento, desenha modalidades de agenciamento político, cuja potência coloca à prova os dispositivos de organização do território de Júlio Borges operacionalizados pela Política Nacional de Titulação Territorial. A tese, ainda, lança-se à tarefa de dar credibilidade aos enunciados nativos, aos saberes e às técnicas que compõem a cosmopolítica da localidade de Júlio Borges. / This dissertation thesis discusses a style of Quilombola political creativity that does not circumscribe its territoriality based on links created exclusively with the land and the products of the earth. The study maps the modalities of confrontation between Quilombolas, indigenous people and the “landless” groups, and the state and its mediators on one side. On the other side, these confrontations arise from divergent conceptions of territory, identity and composition of life. The study took place in the context of the implementation of justice devices for the regularization of a territory inhabited by Quilombola families in the district of Júlio Borges, in the town of Salto do Jacuí, in Rio Grande do Sul. In addition to the Quilombolas, two separate groups of the Kaingang indigenous tribe and some families who took over portions of the same land undergoing a titling process took up residence in the territory. The kinds of interaction among Quilombolas, indigenous people and the "landless" showed us a world marked by transformation and the differentiation in consecutive movements of being. This way of association and interaction, that is marked by the movement, generates new forms of political mediation, and its power puts the organizational devices of the district of Júlio Borges that are operated by the National Policy on Land Titling to the test. This dissertation thesis aims at giving credibility to the indigenous voice, knowledge and political techniques that make up the cosmopolitics of the district of Júlio Borges.

Esta tese trata de um estilo de criatividade política quilombola que não circunscreve sua territorialidade com base nos vínculos criados exclusivamente com a terra e com os produtos da terra. O estudo cartografa as modalidades de enfrentamento entre quilombolas, indígenas e “sem terras”, de um lado, com o Estado e seus mediadores, de outro, que decorrem de concepções divergentes acerca do território, da identidade e da composição da vida. O cenário é ambientado no contexto de implementação dos dispositivos de justiça para regularização fundiária do território habitado por famílias quilombolas que vivem na localidade de Júlio Borges, município do Salto do Jacuí, RS. Além dos quilombolas, passaram a residir no território titulado, dois coletivos distintos de indígenas Kaingang e algumas famílias que se apossaram de porções da mesma área de terras em processo de titulação. As formas de convívio entre quilombolas, indígenas e “sem terras” levam-nos a penetrar um mundo marcado pela transformação e pela diferenciação em movimentos sucessivos de devir. Este estilo de relação e de convívio, marcado pelo movimento, desenha modalidades de agenciamento político, cuja potência coloca à prova os dispositivos de organização do território de Júlio Borges operacionalizados pela Política Nacional de Titulação Territorial. A tese, ainda, lança-se à tarefa de dar credibilidade aos enunciados nativos, aos saberes e às técnicas que compõem a cosmopolítica da localidade de Júlio Borges. / This dissertation thesis discusses a style of Quilombola political creativity that does not circumscribe its territoriality based on links created exclusively with the land and the products of the earth. The study maps the modalities of confrontation between Quilombolas, indigenous people and the “landless” groups, and the state and its mediators on one side. On the other side, these confrontations arise from divergent conceptions of territory, identity and composition of life. The study took place in the context of the implementation of justice devices for the regularization of a territory inhabited by Quilombola families in the district of Júlio Borges, in the town of Salto do Jacuí, in Rio Grande do Sul. In addition to the Quilombolas, two separate groups of the Kaingang indigenous tribe and some families who took over portions of the same land undergoing a titling process took up residence in the territory. The kinds of interaction among Quilombolas, indigenous people and the "landless" showed us a world marked by transformation and the differentiation in consecutive movements of being. This way of association and interaction, that is marked by the movement, generates new forms of political mediation, and its power puts the organizational devices of the district of Júlio Borges that are operated by the National Policy on Land Titling to the test. This dissertation thesis aims at giving credibility to the indigenous voice, knowledge and political techniques that make up the cosmopolitics of the district of Júlio Borges.

Esta dissertação é um estudo etnográfico sobre a arte mural zapatista. Os murais com os quais trabalhamos se encontram pintados nas paredes dos edifícios públicos que abrigam as atividades organizativas do movimento. À pesquisa interessa perseguir uma filosofia do aparecimento entre os índios tzotziles de San Pedro Polhó. Nela, nos questionamos pelo estatuto da arte mural difundida pelos territórios autônomos buscando nos encontrar com a sua eficácia estética a partir de uma criatividade nativa, sob o olhar dos sanpedrinos. A pergunta central que a organiza é o que faz um mural zapatista?. Atentaremos, para isso, para o modo em que os tzotziles de San Pedro o entendem. Argumentamos que a arte mural é vista como uma técnica de variação ontológica e de produção da unidade virtual do movimento zapatista, indicando um acoplamento entre pessoas e a possibilidade da conjunção, o que permite que o zapatismo seja entendido como uma comunidade estendida. Neste contexto, o mural faz aparecer a condição zapatista, resultando e ativando relações ao torná-las visíveis. O território autônomo se configura, então, como uma rede de lugares, pontos em que os zapatistas emergem e podem encontra-se com outros zapatistas a partir de uma filosofia da assemelhação. / This research is an ethnographic study of Zapatista mural art. The murals we work with are painted on the walls of public buildings that house the movement\'s organizational activities. The research is interested in pursuing a philosophy of appearance among the Tzotzil Indians of San Pedro Polho. We question the status of mural art spreaded by the autonomous territories seeking to meet with its aesthetic effectiveness from a native point of view of creativity, conceived by the eyes of the sanpedrinos. The central question that organizes it is \"what does a Zapatista mural do?\", considering how the Tzotziles of San Pedro understand it. We argue that mural art is seen as a technique of ontological variation and production of the virtual unity of the Zapatista movement, indicating a coupling between people and the possibility of conjunction, which allows Zapatismo to be understood as an extended community. In this context, the mural makes the Zapatista condition evident and appearing, resulting in and activating relationships by making them visible. The autonomous territory then becomes a network of places, points where the Zapatistas emerge and can meet with other Zapatistas.

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2019-01-31T12:39:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Francy Eide Nunes Leal - 2015.pdf: 4415049 bytes, checksum: 2174e8f8ae013fe05510f85d31cbe1dc (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2019-02-01T10:02:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Francy Eide Nunes Leal - 2015.pdf: 4415049 bytes, checksum: 2174e8f8ae013fe05510f85d31cbe1dc (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-01T10:02:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Francy Eide Nunes Leal - 2015.pdf: 4415049 bytes, checksum: 2174e8f8ae013fe05510f85d31cbe1dc (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This dissertation is the result of an ethnographic study “about” and “with” the Quilombola Community of Terra Dura, which is located in the north of Minas Gerais. As we will show, the struggle to regain part of the original territory leads to the elaboration of specific political strategies and actions. The creation of a system of internal relations, which reaches both the nearby quilombola communities and, to some extent, the non-quilombola universe, is an essential part of this strategy. Geographical proximity, as well as kinship relations and religiosity, underlie the relationship between the quilombola communities of the region. The objective of this study is to shed light on the political mobilization and organization of the Quilombola Community of Terra Dura. / A presente dissertação é resultado de um estudo etnográfico “acerca da” e “com” a Comunidade Quilombola Terra Dura, que se situa no Norte de Minas Gerais. Como iremos evidenciar, a luta pela retomada de parte de seu território original leva à construção de estratégias e modos de fazer política próprios. A criação de uma rede de relações internas, que alcança tanto as comunidades quilombolas próximas quanto, em certa medida, o universo não quilombola, é parte essencial dessa estratégia. A proximidade geográfica, bem como as relações de parentesco e a religiosidade, fundamentam a relação entre as comunidades quilombolas da região. O objetivo deste estudo é lançar luz sobre a mobilização e a organização política da Comunidade Quilombola Terra Dura.

The concept of cosmopolitics identifies a multispecies political practice within the framework of multinaturalism. The dissertation, "Multispecies Thinking from Alexander von Humboldt to Leslie Marmon Silko: Intercultural Communication Toward Cosmopolitics," is concerned with understandings of multispecies relationships, with the human intercultural communication that could prepare for a cosmopolitical practice, and with the ways Native American fiction supports this endeavor. This research draws from Native American literary studies and ecocritical scholarship to illustrate the potential of transdisciplinary thinking about multispecies ethnography, cosmopolitics, and Indigenous paradigms as providing a promising communication zone against the grain of scientific imperialism. It thus traces the development of pluralist and multispecies-oriented thought and its points of connection to Indigenous paradigms from Alexander von Humboldt's Cosmos Studies of the early 19th century to 21st century Indigenous cosmopolitics. First, this study discusses the insights and obstructions to Western pluralist and multispecies thinking in relation to Native American paradigms from Humboldt via 19th century nature writers-Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller, and John Muir-to contemporary interdisciplinary research. Opening to wide potential with Humboldt's holistic Cosmos Studies, intercultural communication was tempered by the colonial enterprise in the 19th century United States, including a nature-culture dualism and the notion of degenerated, vanishing Indigenous peoples. The resulting conceptual understandings, terms, and attitudes have been influential until today and are what contemporary Native American authors and activists are confronted with when engaged in their work. Detailed textual analysis of exemplary Native American literature outlines how contemporary authors criticize, counter-narrate, and/or integrate Western intellectual traditions. Furthermore, this study outlines 20th and 21st century scientific concepts that refine much earlier ideas, provide helpful terminology regarding Western approaches to Indigenous ontologies and multispecies thinking, and facilitate a new, insightful reading of contemporary Native American fiction as cosmopolitical texts. The analyses of works by Louise Erdrich, Linda Hogan, Louis Owens, and Leslie Marmon Silko demonstrate the value of these works to enhance multispecies thinking and respective political practices. Therefore, Native American literature plays a major role worldwide as an educational and critical tool for an intercultural communication toward cosmopolitics.

[pt] Esta tese tem por objetivo investigar, desde um ponto de vista filosófico, a vida política dos animais outros que humanos no contexto do Antropoceno. Entre diversas configurações, a errância, o confinamento, a experimentação e a extinção são privilegiadas como verdadeiras situações conceituais, cuja análise e problematização requerem a abordagem conjunta da filosofia com diferentes discursos, como a etologia, a biologia, a antropologia, a história e a literatura. O primeiro passo consiste em uma exploração do lugar nos animais na pólis a partir da confrontação de ideias clássicas e contemporâneas sobre política; em seguida passa-se a uma análise do zoológico tomado como modelo da política humana, oferecendo-se, como alternativa, feições possíveis de uma política animal a partir dos diversos sentidos do conceito de brincadeira; o terceiro momento examina experimentações multiespecíficas no âmbito das artes, com foco na literatura, e no de práticas científicas, observando seus diferentes modos de mundificação; finalmente, procede-se à elaboração de uma noção de extinção não tanto como um fato, mas como acontecimento, diante do qual o cultivo imaginativo de narrativas de luto e as experiências de continuidade são necessários. Por este percurso, conclui-se que, ainda que acossados por todos os lados, os animais outros que humanos vivem e oferecem possibilidades cosmopolíticas diante das quais a humanidade compreendida como exceção ontológica se evidencia como potência apolítica. / [en] The present thesis aims to investigate, from a philosophical standpoint, the political life of other-than-human animals in the context of the Anthropocene. Amid several configurations, errancy, confinement, experimentation and extinction are privileged as actual conceptual situations, the analysis and problematization of which require a combined approach between philosophy and other discourses, such as ethology, biology, anthropology, history and literature. The first step consists of an exploration of the animal’s place in the polis taking as a starting point a confrontation between classic and contemporary ideas regarding politics; following that, an analysis of the zoo viewed as a model of human politics, to which are offered, as alternatives, possible features of an animal politics taking as a starting point the several meanings of the concept of play; the third section examines multispecies experiments in the realm of the arts, especially literature, and in the realm of scientific practices, noting different modes of worlding respective to each; lastly, we proceed to the elaboration of a notion of extinction, not so much as a fact but as a event in the face of which the imaginative cultivation of grief narratives and experiences of continuity is necessary. So reasoning, we conclude that, although accosted on all sides, other-than-human animals live and offer cosmopolitical possibilities in the face of which humanity, understood as ontological exception, proves itself to be an apolitical power.

abstract: This dissertation explores how American Indian literature and the legacy of the Red Power movement are linked in the literary representations of what I call "Indigenous Cosmopolitics." This occurs by way of oral tradition's role in the movement's Pan-Indigenous consciousness and rhetoric. By appealing to communal values and ideals such as solidarity and resistance, homeland, and land-based sovereignty, Red Power activist-writers of 1960s and 1970s mobilized oral tradition to challenge the US-Indigenous colonial relationship, speak for Native communities, and decolonize Native consciousness. The introductory chapter points to Pan-Indigenous practices that constructed a positive identity for the alienated and disempowered experience of Native Americans since Relocation. Chapter one examines the Red Power newspapers and newsletters ABC: Americans Before Columbus, The Warpath, and Alcatraz Newsletter among others. These periodicals served as venues for many Natives to publish their poems in collaborating with the politics of the Red Power movement. Among the poems considered is Miguel Hernandez's "ALCATRAZ," which supports the Native resistance and journey towards sovereignty during the Island's occupation. Chapters two and three explore the use of oral tradition in the journalism of Simon Ortiz (Acoma Pueblo), who was then working within the collaborative contexts of the National Indian Youth Council (NIYC) and ABC: Americans Before Columbus, which represents the Indigenous cosmos and appeal to Indigenous peoples' cosmopolitical alliance and resistance throughout the hemisphere and across the world. The final chapter turns to the work of two poets, Joy Harjo (Muskogee Creek), Wendy Rose (Hopi/Miwok), and a singer-songwriter Buffy Sainte-Marie (Cree), showing their appropriation of storytelling modes and topics from within the inclusive functions of oral tradition - storyweaving, employing persona, and performing folk music. Harjo, Rose and Sainte-Marie push on the boundaries of the movement's rhetoric as they promote solidarity between colonized women in and beyond the US. The Red Power movement's cosmopolitics remains persistent and influential in Native nationalism, which stands as the master expression of the decolonizing process. The flexibility of oral tradition operates as a common ground for reciprocal, transformational, and inclusive interactions between tribal/national identity and Pan-Indigenous identity, developing Native nationhood's interactions with the world. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. English 2014

Placemaking is a collaborative approach to redesigning spaces into places that improve their community value. Placemaking practices claim to be quick and easy to implement which is true in comparison to government level plans and policies but do not appear quick at an individual level. Tactical urbanism tackles the problem of slow change with a bottom up process that allows for fast changes to urban environments that can be conducted at an individual level. The spaces addressed by tactical urbanism are spaces that do not work to their intended use; they are underused, empty, or unmaintained. These spaces can vary in size and type. They can exist within a timeframe that is shorter than a change can occur from a quick placemaking practice hence why tactical urbanism becomes the appropriate response. Many of these places require responsive and swift action if they are sought to be improved. The spaces and designs that are tandem often have lasting positive effects in their communities. Concepts from cosmopolitics will be tied with placemaking principles to see if they are able to enhance and bring another element to tactical urbanism. The combination of these elements will aim to create care in relationships between humans and place. This report will explore how placemaking principles, cosmopolitics and tactical urbanismcan be used to create meaning and sustainabilityin spaces making them great places. Experimental interventions are used to put these concepts into practice. The interventions are focused at several locations around Linnaeus University campus.