nÃo hà / Melhorar a eficiÃncia nos processos e na aplicaÃÃo de recursos à essencial para os sistemas de saÃde existentes no mundo. Realizar diagnÃsticos que venham auxiliar a tomada de decisÃo num ambiente complexo como o da saÃde, à um grande desafio. O presente trabalho avalia a prestaÃÃo de serviÃos na AtenÃÃo BÃsica à SaÃde (ABS) à populaÃÃo residente nos municÃpios cearenses, no ano de 2012, construindo um ranking de eficiÃncias e explicando-as pelas influÃncias de variÃveis de infraestrutura e socioeconÃmicas dos municÃpios, que fogem ao controle dos gestores de saÃde locais. O estudo baseou-se em informaÃÃes contidas nas bases de dados pÃblicas do DATASUS e os Ãndices de eficiÃncias relativas foram gerados com a utilizaÃÃo do modelo nÃo paramÃtrico de AnÃlise EnvoltÃria de Dados (DEA), orientado a produtos. Foram utilizados vÃrios indicadores de monitoramento e avaliaÃÃo do Pacto pela SaÃde, do biÃnio 2013-2015, firmados pelos entes dos trÃs nÃveis da federaÃÃo brasileira. Os resultados apontam para percentuais entre 22 e 56% de municÃpios eficientes. As anÃlises constatam que, em mÃdia, os municÃpios com populaÃÃo de atà 20.000 habitantes apresentam maior eficiÃncia na AtenÃÃo BÃsica à SaÃde, que nÃo hà relaÃÃo direta entre gastos per capita e eficiÃncia e que o PIB per capita tem aÃÃo nula em relaÃÃo à eficiÃncia. Os oito municÃpios com populaÃÃo acima de 100.000 habitantes ficaram fora da fronteira de eficiÃncia. Somente quatro municÃpios tiveram Ãndice de eficiÃncia abaixo de 50%, com destaque para Fortaleza, capital do CearÃ, que teve um Ãndice de eficiÃncia de 35%. As anÃlises de regressÃo indicaram, por um lado, que as eficiÃncias tÃm relaÃÃo direta com maiores proporÃÃes de populaÃÃo rural assistida pela atenÃÃo bÃsica à saÃde (ABS) e por outro lado, tÃm relaÃÃo inversa com maiores proporÃÃes de domicÃlios com sistema de esgoto e domicÃlios com paredes de alvenaria ou similar. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho poderÃo ser utilizados pelos gestores municipais, para planejamento e tomada de decisÃes, na utilizaÃÃo de recursos e produÃÃo de aÃÃes e serviÃos na AtenÃÃo BÃsica à SaÃde â ABS. / Improve process efficiency and application of resources is essential for health systems in the world. Perform diagnostics that help decision making in a complex ambience such as healthcare, is a hard challenge. This study evaluates the provision of services in Primary Health Care to population who live in cities in CearÃ, in 2012, building a ranking efficiencies and explaining them by the influences of infrastructure and socio-economic variables of the cities, that get out of control of local health managers. The study was based on information found in public databases DATASUS and indexes of relative efficiencies were generated using the non-parametric model of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), oriented to products. We used several indicators of monitoring and evaluation of the Pacto pela SaÃde (Health Pact), from the biennium 2013-2015, signed by the three federal entities. The results indicate percentages between 22 and 56% of efficient cities. The analysis realize that, on average , cities with a population with up to 20.000 inhabitants present greater efficiency in Primary Health Care, that there is no direct relationship between per capita spending and efficiency and that GDP per capita has zero action in relation to efficiency. The eight cities with a population in excess of 100,000 were left off the efficient frontier. Only four cities had efficiency ratio below 50%, especially Fortaleza, capital of CearÃ, which had a 35% efficiency rating. Regression analyzes indicated, on the one hand, that the efficiencies are directly related to higher proportions of rural population attended by Primary Health Care. On the other hand, there is an inverse relationship with the higher proportions of households with sewer system and households with masonry walls and similar. The results obtained with this study may be used by city managers, to planning and decision making about resource use and production activities and services in Primary Health Care.

Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία πραγματεύεται την μελέτη της μεθόδου Bootstrap στα πλαίσια συμπλήρωσης των ελλείψεων της DEA, κατά τον υπολογισμό της τεχνικής αποτελεσματικότητας διαφόρων μονάδων λήψης αποφάσεων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα θα μελετηθεί η Bootstrap ως μέσο για τον υπολογισμό της μεροληψίας, και διαστημάτων εμπιστοσύνης των efficiency scores που προκύπτουν από την χρήση της DEA. Όπως θα φανεί, η DEA, ως μία εφαρμογή του γραμμικού προγραμματισμού, αποτελεί μία μη παραμετρική μέθοδο υπολογισμού της τεχνικής αποτελεσματικότητας και χαρακτηρίζεται από το μειονέκτημα της έλλειψης στατιστικών μεγεθών καθώς και την αδυναμία να ξεχωρίσει τον θόρυβο από την αναποτελεσματικότητα. Η Bootstrap από την άλλη, αποτελεί μία επαναληπτική εφαρμογή της DEA, η οποία καλείται να δώσει λύση στα παραπάνω προβλήματα. Σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής είναι να ελέγξει τον βαθμό στον οποίο η Bootstrap καταφέρνει να εκπληρώσει αυτή την αποστολή. Για το σκοπό αυτό χρησιμοποιούνται πραγματικά δεδομένα που αφορούν ιχθυοκαλλιέργειες που δραστηριοποιούνται στην ελληνική επικράτεια, ενώ οι υπολογισμοί γίνονται μέσω των προγραμμάτων DEAP και PIM – DEA v2.0. / The present diplomatic essay treats the study of Bootstrap method within the bounds of completion of DEA deficiencies during the estimation of technical efficiency of several decision-making units. More precisely it will be scrutinized bootstrap as a mean of estimating biasness and the confidence intervals of the efficiency scores, which arise from the use of DEA. As it will be come clear, DEA as an implementation of linear programming, constitutes a non-parametric method of estimating technical efficiency and is characterized by the drawback of non-distinguishing the noise by the inefficiency. On the other hand, bootstrap constitutes a repetitive implementation of DEA, which is assigned to give a solution to the above questions. The purpose of this essay is to verify the degree in which bootstrap completes this mission. For this reason there are used real data, which concern fish farms that are placed in Greek territory while, the calculations are executed through the programs DEAP and PIM – DEA V2.0

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) can be applied to Chief Executive Officer (CEO) remuneration of companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) by defining inputs in terms of remuneration factors and outputs in terms of business factors in order to establish a benchmark for CEO remuneration. An exploratory study is conducted, using cross-sectional data from a secondary source. The sample consists of 221 companies listed on the JSE that disclosed their financial and non-financial information during 2010. The DEA was performed to estimate the relative technical efficiency of CEOs to convert their remuneration into company performance indicators. Base Pay, Perquisites and Pension, Annual Bonus Plans and Long-term Incentives were used as the inputs to the DEA model and company performance and size, measured by Return on Equity (ROE) and Total Assets respectively, were used as the outputs to the model. The empirical results prove that the DEA can be successfully applied as a benchmarking model for CEO remuneration that incorporates multiple inputs and outputs and establishes benchmarks and potential improvements for overpaid, inefficient CEOs. The CEOs from 80 of the 221 companies included in the sample emerged as the benchmark CEOs and formed the efficiency frontier against which inefficient CEOs were compared in order to determine the potential improvements for these CEOs. From a research perspective, this study contributes to the advancement of CEO remuneration research by introducing an alternative model by which CEO remuneration can be analysed. Future studies can analyse CEO remuneration by using other variables or time series data in the DEA model or combine the DEA with other methods like the regression analysis to perform more comprehensive investigations. From a practical perspective, the DEA can be used to establish a benchmark for CEO remuneration. Remuneration committees can use the results of the DEA as a guide to determine acceptable remuneration levels and decrease the pay gap between CEOs and the average worker. The originality of this study lies in the fact that it is the first South African study that used the DEA instead of the regression analysis to analyse CEO remuneration of companies listed on the JSE. This study also disaggregated Total CEO Remuneration into Base Pay, Perquisites and Pension, Annual Bonus Plans and Long-term Incentives to provide more accurate benchmark information. In addition, this is the first study that established benchmark CEO remuneration levels and suggested improvements to the remuneration package structure of overpaid, under-performing CEOs of companies listed on the JSE. / Thesis (MCom (Management Accountancy))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) can be applied to Chief Executive Officer (CEO) remuneration of companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) by defining inputs in terms of remuneration factors and outputs in terms of business factors in order to establish a benchmark for CEO remuneration. An exploratory study is conducted, using cross-sectional data from a secondary source. The sample consists of 221 companies listed on the JSE that disclosed their financial and non-financial information during 2010. The DEA was performed to estimate the relative technical efficiency of CEOs to convert their remuneration into company performance indicators. Base Pay, Perquisites and Pension, Annual Bonus Plans and Long-term Incentives were used as the inputs to the DEA model and company performance and size, measured by Return on Equity (ROE) and Total Assets respectively, were used as the outputs to the model. The empirical results prove that the DEA can be successfully applied as a benchmarking model for CEO remuneration that incorporates multiple inputs and outputs and establishes benchmarks and potential improvements for overpaid, inefficient CEOs. The CEOs from 80 of the 221 companies included in the sample emerged as the benchmark CEOs and formed the efficiency frontier against which inefficient CEOs were compared in order to determine the potential improvements for these CEOs. From a research perspective, this study contributes to the advancement of CEO remuneration research by introducing an alternative model by which CEO remuneration can be analysed. Future studies can analyse CEO remuneration by using other variables or time series data in the DEA model or combine the DEA with other methods like the regression analysis to perform more comprehensive investigations. From a practical perspective, the DEA can be used to establish a benchmark for CEO remuneration. Remuneration committees can use the results of the DEA as a guide to determine acceptable remuneration levels and decrease the pay gap between CEOs and the average worker. The originality of this study lies in the fact that it is the first South African study that used the DEA instead of the regression analysis to analyse CEO remuneration of companies listed on the JSE. This study also disaggregated Total CEO Remuneration into Base Pay, Perquisites and Pension, Annual Bonus Plans and Long-term Incentives to provide more accurate benchmark information. In addition, this is the first study that established benchmark CEO remuneration levels and suggested improvements to the remuneration package structure of overpaid, under-performing CEOs of companies listed on the JSE. / Thesis (MCom (Management Accountancy))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

傳統DEA效率分析假設產業具單一生產過程，直到2000年，Färe and Grosskopf 提出Network DEA，闡明產業生產過程應分屬多階段性質。本研究應用其架構，假設職棒產業生產過程為兩個階段，並特別以Sexton and Lewis (2003) 增加中間產出的Two-Stage DEA 法，即第一階段的產出作為第二階段的投入，進行1992年至2004年「中華職業棒球聯盟」，共71個DMUs的實證分析。 Two-Stage DEA的第一階段是指花錢聘雇球員，而球團有效花錢聘雇球員的程度稱為「前置效率」，效率平均值為0.994；第二階段效率是指球隊正式比賽時，球員是否充分發揮技術潛能贏球，稱為「臨場效率」，效率平均值為0.969；而包含第一、二階段的整體球團運作效率則為「組織效率」，效率平均值為0.798。透過與傳統DEA的BCC模型之比較，發現Two-Stage DEA提供較豐富的組織運作過程資訊，俾管理者找出球團之無效率階段。 復以Tobit截斷迴歸模型，探討影響球團「前置效率」、「臨場效率」與「組織效率」之變數為何。結果指出，球隊對戰觀眾數、聯盟變革與現場直播對「前置效率」有顯著影響，「臨場效率」則受到臨時性獎勵制度與投手平均年齡的影響，而對戰觀眾數、聯盟變革、總教練的更動頻率與常設性獎勵制度，則是造成球隊「組織效率」差異的主因。 關鍵字：Network DEA、中間產出、Two-Stage DEA、職業棒球、效率 / Traditional DEA gauges efficiencies with only one production process, while in this study we apply Network DEA initiated by Färe and Grosskopf (2000), and in particular follow the Two-Stage DEA model incorporating the intermediate products, outputs from the first stage becomes inputs to the second stage, by Sexton and Lewis (2003) to evaluate the production efficiency of 71 DMUs of the Chinese professional Baseball League (CPBL ) from 1992 to 2004. How fair are the ball teams paying the players is called ”front office efficiency”, arithmetic mean is 0.994, in the first stage, how potentially successful are the teams playing the games is called “on-field efficiency”, arithmetic mean is 0.969, in the second stage, and how potentially successful are the teams playing the games if with perfect front office efficiency of the teams is called “organization efficiency”, arithmetic mean is 0.798. Comparing Two-Stage DEA model with BCC model of traditional DEA, we find that the former model provides more information of organizational operations for managers to understand and better the performance of the teams. Tobit regression analysis shows that (1) the front office efficiency is significantly positively influenced by spectators, variation of the league and television live, and (2) the on-field efficiency is significantly positively influenced by extemporaneous bonus and pitcher’s age. (3) The organization efficiency is significantly positively influenced by the spectators, variation of the league and fixed bonus, but the organization efficiency is significantly negatively influenced by change of coaches. Keyword：Network DEA, Intermediate products, Two-Stage DEA , Efficiency, Professional baseball

The environment Federal Institutions of Higher Education is complex. On the one hand, caution is needed when the models are not always able to reproduce dynamics that is characteristic of such organizations, on the other hand, has been demands from various agents of society for performance information of the same approach. This occurs not only in Brazil, because this is a global trend. In addition, the information on the efficiency can support the decisions of managers in the use of institutional resources, which are scarce forward demands for them. However, looking in the operating environment information such as, for example, the Management Reports of Federal Institutions of Higher Education which are components of the Annual Accoutability, they are insufficient or absent. The efficiency of the approach is relevant to the theory, as well as for operations, it is the research of resource allocation in certain alternatives over other possible employment. This dissertation about efficiency, was written to identify and analyze the behavior of the efficient use of resources from the management of an IFES, in the case UFSM, compared to other similar, the period covered between 2007 and 2012. To this we conducted an applied, non-experimental ex post facto and quantitative research. It was identified that the IFES operate with inefficiency, which is divided into technical and scale. Over time this study has already proven that UFSM characterized as IFES intermediate size. With respect to efficiency, this institution was not the most efficient IFES and not the reverse, being that their Malmquist indices indicated an improvement in total factor productivity in recent years. In addition to the results, demonstrating the efficiency scores of IFES, as the main results has the potential DEA Model on the efficient frontier of IFES approach, we get the benchmarks institutions, the slacks and the technological, efficiency and total factor productivity changes evolution. / O ambiente das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior, enquanto organizações universitárias, é complexo. Se de um lado é necessária a cautela quando da abordagem de modelos que nem sempre conseguem reproduzir dinâmica que é característica de tais organizações, por outro lado, tem-se a reinvindicação de vários agentes da sociedade por informações de desempenho das mesmas. Este fato não ocorre apenas no Brasil, pois essa tem sido uma tendência mundial. Não obstante, as informações acerca da eficiência podem ser ferramentas de apoio às decisões de gestores quando da utilização dos recursos institucionais, que são escassos frente as demandas. No entanto, quando se busca no ambiente operacional informações dessa natureza, como, por exemplo, nos Relatórios de Gestão das respetivas instituições, que são peças componentes das Prestações de Contas Anuais, as mesmas são insuficientes ou ausentes. A abordagem da eficiência é relevante tanto para o campo teórico como para o operacional, pois representa o estudo da alocação de recursos em determinadas alternativas, em detrimento de outras possibilidade de emprego. Assim, esse estudo acerca da eficiência, foi desenvolvido visando identificar e analisar o comportamento da eficiência na utilização de recursos a partir da gestão de uma Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior, no caso a UFSM, se comparada às demais semelhantes, no período contemplado entre 2007 e 2012. Para tal, conduziu-se uma pesquisa aplicada, do tipo não experimental ex post facto, de natureza quantitativa a partir de dados que compõe os Relatórios de Gestão das IFES. O estudo identificou que as IFES operam com alguma ineficiência total, que pode ser subdividida em gerencial e de escala. No caso da UFSM, com relação ao porte da instituição levando em conta o número de aluno, pode-se comprovar que, ao longo do período, a mesma integrou o grupo das intermediárias. Quanto à eficiência, a respectiva instituição não pertenceu ao grupo das IFES mais eficientes, nem o contrário, mas os Índices Malmquist indicaram que obteve um progresso no fator da produtividade total nos últimos anos. Além dos resultados obtidos para o período que demonstram os scores da eficiência das IFES, como principais resultados se tem as potencialidade do Modelo DEA na abordagem da fronteira eficiente das IFES, composta de benchmarks (melhores práticas), as folgas na alocação dos fatores, a evolução desses fatores quanto ao progresso tecnológico, da eficiência e da produtividade total.

nÃo hà / Este estudo avalia a eficiÃncia tÃcnica relativa dos recursos/investimentos pÃblicos com educaÃÃo nas escolas pÃblicas do ensino mÃdio regular do Estado do Cearà para o ano de 2012. O modelo empregado utiliza a AnÃlise EnvoltÃria de Dados (DEA), que se baseia na aplicaÃÃo de mÃtodos de programaÃÃo matemÃtica linear. A anÃlise foi realizada tendo como base os indicadores e variÃveis relacionadas aos gastos com custeio e manutenÃÃo das escolas, à mÃdia de horas-aula diÃria, ao nÃmero de computadores à disposiÃÃo dos estudantes, Ãs taxas de distorÃÃo idade-sÃrie, de aprovaÃÃo e Ãs notas mÃdias do SPAECE. ApÃs a construÃÃo da fronteira de eficiÃncia tÃcnica dessas escolas, os escores de eficiÃncia possibilitaram construir um rank, observando-se que em 2012, aproximadamente, 20% das unidades escolares pesquisadas mostraram-se eficientes no modelo proposto. / This study evaluates the relative technical efficiency of resources / public investment in education in the public schools of the regular high school in the state of Cearà for the year 2012. Employee the model uses the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) based on the application of methods linear mathematical programming. The analysis was based on indicators and variables related to expenditures on cost and maintenance of schools, the average daily class hours, the number of computers available to students, the rates of agegrade, approval and notes SPAECE averages. After the construction of the boundary of technical efficiency of these schools, the efficiency scores possible to construct a rank, noting that in 2012, approximately 20% of the surveyed school units were effective in the proposed model.

O crescimento econômico das nações tem sido considerado o principal responsável pelos impactos socioambientais negativos. Devido a essa constatação, alguns estudos têm sido direcionados para mostrar que o atual modelo de desenvolvimento é incompatível com a sustentabilidade do meio ambiente e com a qualidade de vida da sociedade. Em resposta a isso, pesquisadores vêm tratando, cada vez mais, de assuntos relacionados ao bem-estar social e ao meio ambiente. Dessa maneira, é possível observar que o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB), antes considerado o principal indicador de desempenho das nações, é insuficiente para informar sobre o uso de recursos naturais e sobre a qualidade de vida da população. Consequentemente impõe-se a necessidade de que a avaliação do desempenho das nações incorpore indicadores de sustentabilidade, de modo que, além do crescimento econômico dos países, se avalie, também, o seu desenvolvimento. Para o presente trabalho foi assumido o conceito multidimensional do desenvolvimento sustentável, que leva em conta, além da dimensão econômica, as dimensões ambiental e social para a avaliação de determinado sistema. Considerando que a inovação tecnológica é fundamental para o crescimento econômico, e, levando em conta as diferenças conceituais entre crescimento econômico, desenvolvimento e desenvolvimento sustentável, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral comparar a eficiência dos países do grupo BRICS em converter recursos produtivos e inovação tecnológica em desenvolvimento sustentável. O objeto de estudo foi o grupo BRICS, sigla formada pelas letras iniciais dos países que o compõem, Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China e África do Sul. Para o alcance do objetivo proposto foram utilizados dados do período entre 2000 a 2007, referentes às variáveis PIB, emissão de dióxido de carbono (\'CO IND.2\'), expectativa de vida, formação bruta de capital fixo, população ocupada e gasto com Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D). Por meio da análise econométrica, foi possível observar que os investimentos dos BRICS em inovação tecnológica, implicaram em mudanças positivas no desenvolvimento econômico e social; já no que se refere ao desenvolvimento ambiental, os investimentos em inovação tecnológica desses países se mostraram diretamente associados ao aumento da emissão de \'CO IND.2\'. Por fim, com a Análise por Envoltória de Dados (DEA) foi possível criar rankings de eficiência econômica, ambiental e social para os países do BRICS. Isso permitiu elaborar análises comparativas sobre o desenvolvimento sustentável desse grupo de países que trouxeram alguns resultados passíveis de, no mínimo, despertar curiosidade para explorações científicas mais específicas. / The economic growth of nations has been considered the main responsible for the negative social and environmental impacts. Due to this fact, some studies have been directed to show that the current development model is incompatible with environmental sustainability and quality of life of society. In this way, social welfare and the environment have been treated increasingly in researches. Thus, one can observe that the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), previously considered the main indicator of performance of nations, is insufficient to report on the use of natural resources and the quality of life. Therefore, for evaluating the performance of nations, sustainability indicators are needed, so that besides the economic growth of countries, one can assess also their development. For the present work the multidimensional concept of sustainable development was applied. This concept takes into account, the economic dimension, and also the environmental and social assessment for the studied system. Considering that technological innovation is fundamental to economic growth, and taking into account the conceptual differences between economic growth, development and sustainable development, this study aimed to compare the efficiency of the BRICS group countries in converting productive resources and technological innovation in developing sustainable. The study object was the BRICS group, an acronym formed by the initial letters of the countries that comprise Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. To fulfill the proposed objective, data were used from 2000 to 2007, relating to variables, GDP, \'CO IND.2\' emissions, life expectancy, gross fixed capital formation, employed population and total spending on research and development (R & D). Through econometric analysis, we observed that the BRICS investment in technological innovation, resulted in positive changes in economic and social development. In regard to environmental, technological innovation investments in these countries were associated with an increased \'CO IND.2\' emissions. Finally, with the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) were created rankings of economic efficiency, environmental efficiency and social efficiency for the BRICS countries. This comparative analysis allowed us to evaluate on the sustainable development of this group of countries, and have brought some results that, at least, arouse curiosity for more scientific explorations.

nÃo hà / The technical efficiency of production presents itself as a powerful tool to support decision making by providing tools for implementing actions that provide courses to graduate a better quality of teaching in their academic units. This work intends to analyze the technical efficiency of production of post-graduate of the UFC, with reference to the years 2007, 2008 and 2009 using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) - Data Envelopment Analysis. Other objectives that guided this study are: To provide information which could lead to increase actions to improve the methodology of intellectual production; Understanding the reasons why some courses to produce more and better than others so equated and growing; Provide grants to identify where efforts production should be concentrated. We applied the DMU (Decision Making Units) in the model that defines a boundary focused on efficient and inefficient units. In this application we used the DEA-CCR implemented by DEA-Solver software Pro8.0/CCR. Data were extracted from the Data Collection CAPES applications which meet the criteria for assessment of intellectual production, which highlights the nature of bibliographic production and concepts of distribution and production. The model uses as input variables: Number of Number of teachers and learners, and product variables: Total of papers; Publications in full proceedings; Publications in technical production, research projects, work completed dissertations, theses completed work; Average time of titration (months) master's mean titration (months) PhD. The results show that the comparison between the most efficient and least efficient show that the basic characteristic is the use of available resources that came to add more and better production. The production values of course have no direct relation with the number of teachers or students, because it caused a drop in production value by observing these values compared between efficient and inefficient. / A eficiÃncia da produÃÃo tÃcnica se apresenta como uma poderosa ferramenta de apoio à tomada de decisÃes por oferecer instrumentos de implementaÃÃo de aÃÃes que asseguram aos cursos de pÃs-graduaÃÃo uma melhor qualidade de ensino em suas unidades acadÃmicas. O presente trabalho pretende analisar a eficiÃncia da produÃÃo tÃcnica dos cursos de pÃs-graduaÃÃo da UFC, tendo como referÃncia os anos de 2007, 2008 e 2009 utilizando a metodologia DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) â AnÃlise EnvoltÃria de Dados. Outros objetivos que nortearam este estudo sÃo: disponibilizar informaÃÃes que possam permitir incrementar aÃÃes de melhorias na metodologia da produÃÃo intelectual; entender as razÃes que levam alguns cursos a produzirem mais e melhor que outros de forma equacionada e crescente; eornecer subsÃdios para identificar onde os esforÃos de produÃÃo devem ser concentrados. Aplicou-se a DMU (Decision Making Units) no modelo que define uma fronteira focada nas unidades eficientes e ineficientes. Nessa aplicaÃÃo foi utilizado o modelo DEA-CCR implementado pelo software DEA-Solver Pro8.0/CCR. Os dados foram extraÃdos do aplicativo Coleta de Dados CAPES os quais obedecem aos critÃrios de avaliaÃÃo da produÃÃo intelectual, em que se destaca a natureza da produÃÃo bibliogrÃfica e os conceitos da distribuiÃÃo e da produÃÃo. O modelo utilizou como variÃveis de insumo: Quantidade de docentes e Quantidade de discentes e como variÃveis de produtos: Total de trabalhos completos; PublicaÃÃes em Anais completos; PublicaÃÃes em produÃÃo tÃcnica; Projetos de pesquisa; Trabalhos de conclusÃo dissertaÃÃes; Trabalhos de conclusÃo Teses; Tempo mÃdio de titulaÃÃo (meses) mestrado; Tempo mÃdio de titulaÃÃo (meses) doutorado. Os resultados apontam que a comparaÃÃo entre as mais eficientes e as menos eficientes mostram que a caracterÃstica bÃsica à a utilizaÃÃo racional dos recursos disponÃveis que veio a agregar uma maior e melhor produÃÃo. Os valores da produÃÃo dos cursos nÃo tÃm relaÃÃo direta com o nÃmero dos docentes ou discentes, pois nÃo ocasionaram uma queda no valor da produÃÃo ao se observar estes valores comparativamente entre os eficientes e os ineficientes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T00:31:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Necesio Jose Faria Tavares1.pdf: 2033252 bytes, checksum: 8b63c2b863899e404c67387e2131f57d (MD5) Necesio Jose Faria Tavares2.pdf: 2811029 bytes, checksum: d3712cd52d1b9c01aec2a33386aaf793 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-20 / DEA, Data Envelopment Analysis, is a non parametric modeling technique which came about in 1976 when three prominent researchers, Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes were in search of a procedure to evaluate productivity/efficiency without recourse to price information. Soon after, new and more complex models were developed with wide acceptance among researchers mainly in the Management Sciences field. Nowadays, DEA finds its use in areas like hospitals, banks, industries, universities and capital markets. This research aims at using DEA as a tool to evaluate the top Brazilian companies listed in the local stock exchange based in a model which simultaneously combine several inputs to generate income and net profits. A second step evaluates how shareholders value the income and profit generated by the firms. A third step evaluates how efficiently each firm succeeds in directly transforming its endowments in shareholder´s value. The proposed model goes further in that it uses outputs produced by a first stage evaluation, like income and net profit, as inputs to the second phase evaluation. Furthermore, this research combines DEA with the Malmquist Productivity Index providing information on how the largest companies went along in between 2001-2006, as far as productivity and efficiency is concerned. / DEA, Data Envelopment Analysis, é uma técnica não paramétrica que surgiu em 1976 quando os pesquisadores Charnes, Cooper e Rhodes procuravam uma metodologia para calcular eficiência e produtividade em situações onde as informações sobre preços de insumos e de produtos não eram disponíveis. Ao longo dos anos seus métodos se sofisticaram, passando de um simples modelo que exigia a restrição de que todas as empresas operavam em uma situação de retornos constantes de escala a modelos mais complexos que levantaram tal restrição. Atualmente, DEA é utilizada em áreas tão diversas como finanças empresariais, mercado de capitais, avaliação de universidades, bases aéreas, bibliotecas, etc. O modelo utilizado nesta tese para avaliação de desempenho empresarial se baseia na modelagem matemática de DEA que permite a utilização de vários inputs e outputs simultaneamente para a determinação da eficiência/produtividade de cada firma. A avaliação de desempenho das empresas é realizada sob 3 óticas distintas: (i) avalia a eficiência da empresa em gerar receita e lucro, (ii) avalia como o mercado valoriza a receita e o lucro produzidos pela empresa, e (iii) analisa também como a empresa consegue transformar seus fatores de produção diretamente em valor ao acionista. DEA permite distinguir os conceitos de eficiência e produtividade, fornecendo relevantes informações para tomada de decisões estratégicas. Como parte do processo de análise, obtém-se uma fronteira das melhores práticas entre as empresas analisadas permitindo a identificação da situação de retornos de escala de cada uma das empresas estudadas. Ademais, torna possível a associação com os conceitos do Índice de Malmquist, possibilitando uma avaliação da trajetória de cada empresa ao longo de um período estudado e identificando como ela evoluiu em termos de eficiência e/ou produtividade e se ela conseguiu acompanhar as inovações tecnológicas de seu grupo.