This paper investigates the growing concerns surrounding the utilisation of biometric technology within humanitarian organisations, with a specific focus on the Biometric Information Management System (BIMS) operated by UNHCR. The study is based on a literature review in which themes of concern are first identified in theoretical literature followed by an examination of empirical literature (here termed ‘refugee-including literature’) to see if the concerns are shared. The primary aim is to offer a comprehensive understanding of biometric concerns by amalgamating previous research, while at the same time bringing to light the specific concerns voiced directly by refugees themselves. Using Michel Foucault’s biopolitics and Michael Barnett’s humanitarian governance, the findings reveal two overarching themes shared between the theoretical and refugee-including literature: Concerns of Power (agency, data-access, and the testing of new technologies) and Concerns of Policy (function creep, fraud prevention, and technosolutionism). The study also finds that refugee-including literature presents an additional concern not seen in the theoretical literature: limitations on economic agency, while excluding another: concerns about private company data-access. The refugee-including literature is also found to offer some remarks in support of biometric registration. In conclusion, this study not only sheds light on concerns surrounding humanitarian biometrics, it also highlights the distinctive insights provided by refugees themselves. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations aimed at addressing the identified concerns and promoting responsible and ethical use of biometric technology in humanitarian operations.

[pt] O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e refletir sobre o modo como as tecnologias digitais afetam as experiências musicais de crianças de 5 e 6 anos. Os principais referenciais teóricos são autores da Teoria Crítica, como os frankfurtianos Adorno, Horkheimer e Benjamin, que trazem o debate sobre a Indústria Cultural e os efeitos dos avanços tecnológicos no campo da arte. Para a pesquisa de campo também foram abordados teóricos da Sociologia da Infância, como Corsaro e Sarmento, a fim de se discutir sobre as concepções de infância e criança que apoiam a entrada em campo da presente investigação. A coleta de dados se deu em uma instituição federal de Educação Infantil do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de observações e conversas, individuais e em pequenos grupos, com as crianças. Também foram analisadas as plataformas que mais apareceram nas falas das crianças sobre música: Youtube e TikTok. Dentre os resultados encontrados, é possível destacar a predominância de vivências musicais por meio da mídia digital, principalmente no uso de aparelhos smartphones e tablets. Também foi verificado que a questão da fetichização da música ainda está presente no contexto digital, percebida na valorização dos “artistas” de acordo com aspectos não- artísticos, como sua imagem, aparência, roupas e vida pessoal, e na mercantilização da música a partir de propagandas e vendas de produtos ligados àquela celebridade. A questão do gosto como prerrogativa pessoal também é discutida, uma vez que a exposição exagerada de determinados artistas é identificada, além das sugestões apresentadas aos usuários serem influenciadas por questões financeiras e pelo sucesso prévio daquele conteúdo. Outro aspecto identificado é o uso de fórmulas que padronizam os conteúdos musicais, além de afetar a percepção dos ouvintes, que se acostumam a determinados padrões, muitas vezes rejeitando novos materiais. Por fim, foi sinalizado que, apesar das possibilidades trazidas pelas tecnologias digitais, como a mobilidade para se escutar música em qualquer lugar e o acesso a um repertório imenso de músicas e artistas, a tecnologia digital em si não garante às crianças experiências musicais verdadeiras. Muitas vezes, as vivências com a música em um contexto digital se tornam pontuais, efêmeras, distraídas, com pouco tempo para análise, reflexões e escuta atenta. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho defende que escola, família e sociedade se questionem acerca do uso desmedido das mídias digitais, sugerindo reflexões sobre esse uso e sobre os cuidados a serem tomados, principalmente, com relação à mediação daqueles que atuam diretamente na educação das crianças, visando garantir experiências musicais emancipadoras. / [en] The research aims to analyze and discuss the way digital technology affects preschool children s musical experience. Based on critical theorists, like Adorno, Horkheimer and Benjamin, this thesis debates culture industry, technological advancements, and their effects on arts. Sociologists of childhood, like Corsaro and Sarmento, also contributed with conceptions of children e childhood that were helpful to this study. The case study was conducted in a federal preschool institution located in Rio de Janeiro, observing 5 to 6 years old children, and using individual and small group interviews. In addition, were analyzed the platforms that children most related to music: Youtube and Tiktok. Observations and interviews showed the growth of digital media in children s relation with music, mainly smartphones and tablets. Also, the research has provided contributions about the fetish character of music in the context of digital technology. It was noticed that artists are evaluated based on non-musical aspects, like their image, clothes, and personal life, besides advertisements of products related to the celebrity. The idea of personal taste was also debated, once it was detected a great exposure of certain artists if compared to others, and as well as suggestions of videos, influenced by its success and economical interests. Additionally, it was noticed some formulas which standardize music, affecting the perception of listeners, who become used to those standards and sometimes end up rejecting new materials. Finally, it was signalized that, although digital technology offers many possibilities, like listening to music anytime and anywhere and searching songs from all around the world, it doesn t guarantee musical experience for real to children. Many times, the relationship with music becomes punctual, ephemeral, distracted, with no time to analyze, reflect and listen carefully. Therefore, this research defends that those who are responsible for children s education – school, family, society – reflect about the excessive use of digital medias and think about precautions and mediation to guarantee emancipatory musical experiences.

This thesis investigates the transformations associated with the development and diffusion of 4.0 technologies, by combining a firm-level perspective with a territorial-level perspective. The aim is to understand whether and to what extent the engagement of firms, in particular technological knowledge-intensive business services, in 4.0 innovation activities is affected by the characteris-tics of the territory, regions, cities, or local production systems, in which they are located. The thesis consists of three chapters. Chapter 1 comprises a systematic literature review of the studies that address Industry 4.0-related issues in industrialized countries from a regional perspective. The selected articles have been systematically collected and then discussed using a qualitative content-based approach. This review allowed for the identification of the main issues discussed and the gaps that exist in the literature and laid the foundation for the empirical analysis conducted in Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, which focus on private technological knowledge-intensive business services (t-KIBS) engaged in the production and/or provision of ICT services. The decision to concentrate on technological knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) specializing in information and communication technology (ICT) is connected to their significant role in 4.0 transformations as they serve as both producers of these technologies and intermediaries and adapters, facilitating their adoption and implementation. Chapter 2 delves into the examination of the firm level and territorial level factors that influence the spatial distribution of the t-KIBS involved in the provision of 4.0 technologies (4.0 t-KIBS). 4.0 t-KIBS were identified using information extracted from t-KIBS websites, collected through web-scraping techniques. Then, a probit model with sample selection was employed to identify the most important territorial and firm-related factors influencing the decision to develop and/or provide 4.0 technologies. The results show that the probability of mentioning 4.0 technology is positively affected by t-KIBS size and profitability. From a territorial perspective, the main determinants are represented by demand coming from co-located manufacturers and to a lesser extent by urbanization economies. Finally, following the literature on KIBS variety, Chapter 3 explores the heterogeneous nature of the t-KIBS involved in the production and provision of 4.0 technologies. The objective is to gain insights into how these organizations differ across several key dimensions frequently examined in the KIBS variety literature. These dimensions encompass the geographical scope, innovation output, cognitive structure, external collaborations, and client focus. The empirical analysis draws on the same database built for Chapter 2 and on data collected through an original survey of a sample of 500 t-KIBS. The survey allowed for the collection of firm-level information that could not be retrieved from other data sources. The empirical analysis is split into two parts. Using a probit approach, the first part of the analysis explores whether and to what extent the peculiarities of 4.0 t-KIBS vary mainly according to their geographical scope and innovation output. The second part of the analysis employs a matching technique to compare certain attributes of 4.0 t-KIBS with those whose activities are not centred around 4.0 technologies. The main results show that the activities of 4.0 t-KIBS have a broader geographical scope that goes beyond local and regional boundaries. In contrast to established literature on KIBS, this is especially true for those t-KIBS that deliver customized innovations tailored to the needs of customers. From a cognitive perspective, it emerges the tendency of 4.0 t-KIBS to also rely on non-technical knowledge, while in terms of collaborations, they are more likely to collaborate with firms belonging to the same business group. Finally, 4.0 t-KIBS that are regionally anchored (i.e., they have not established an inter-regional network) are more likely to develop services and technologies specifically for public administrations.

Digitaliseringen har haft en stark inverkan på banksektorn de senaste decennierna. Med hjälp av den digitala tekniken kan bankkunder numera utföra ett flertal bankärenden på egen hand utan att behöva besöka ett bankkontor, vilket resulterat i en minskad interaktion mellan bankmedarbetare och kunder. Till följd av den ökande digitaliseringstrenden har studien därmed undersökt hur det digitaliserade kundmötet påverkat bankmedarbetares arbetstillfredsställelse. En kvalitativ forskningsmetod har använts för föreliggande studie där intervjuer genomfördes med åtta bankmedarbetare inom utvald bank. Studien kom fram till att de åtta intervjuade bankmedarbetarnas upplevda arbetstillfredsställelse har både ökat och minskat till följd av det digitaliserade kundmötet. Arbetstillfredsställelsen ökar vid hantering av mer komplicerade bankärenden samt bekräftelse och feedback som de får av omgivningen. Tillfredsställelsen i arbetet minskar hos bankmedarbetarna när digitaliseringen påverkar skapandet av kundrelationer samt vid svårigheter att hantera digital teknik. Studien visar även att kundernas tillfredsställelse i mötet har en stor påverkan på bankmedarbetarnas tillfredsställelse i arbete. / Digitalization has had a strong impact on the banking sector in the recent decades. With the help of digital technology, bank customers can now handle several banking errands on their own, without visiting a bank office. This, in turn, has led to less interaction between bank employees and customers. Following the increasing digitalization, thisstudy examines how the digitalized customer meetings have affected bank employees’ job satisfaction. A qualitative research method has been used, drawing on interviews with eight bank employees, working in a selected bank. The study concludes that the perceived job satisfaction of the eight interviewed bank employees has both increased and decreased due to the digitalized customer meeting. Job satisfaction increases when handling more complicated banking errands and also because of the confirmation and feedback they receive. Job satisfaction decreases when digitalization affects the employee- customer relationships and in case of difficulties in managing digital technology. The study also shows that customers’ satisfaction has a major impact on bank employees’ satisfaction at work.

Urban mobility remains a persistent challenge for visually impaired individuals (VIIs) despite legal protections. This study provides a thorough investigation into the door-to-door mobility experiences of VIIs in urban environments and public transport systems in Helsingborg, Sweden. Methodologically, it employs a mixed qualitative methods, combining semi-structured interviews, walking interviews and observations, and document analysis to explore the complicated research topic. The study develops a three-dimensional analytical framework, namely the Universal Design, the participatory approach, and the technology options, to identify and analyse the urban mobility challenges faced by VIIs. According to the research results, it is evident that there is an urgent need of deeper urban planning engagement and continuous innovation for truly inclusive environments for VIIs. Recommendations based on this study include enhancing Universal Design integration, promoting collaboration, and utilizing digital tools to create inclusive urban spaces, ultimately aiming to empower VIIs for independent navigation and full societal participation. / Nej

xi, 272 p. : ill. (some col.) / This is a qualitative comparative study about perspectives and experiences of contemporary journalists at three newspapers in the United States and Japan. The newspaper industry in both the United States and Japan is going through an unprecedented transitional period driven by economic forces and technological changes. One purpose of the study is to shed light on everyday journalists who are exposed to industry-wide structural changes. Based on interviews with journalists of the three newspapers, this study explores journalists' experiences about economic and technological impacts and their perspectives about their work. Another purpose of this study is to compare and contrast these perspectives and experiences. By doing so, it is possible to examine how the interconnected economies of the countries and globally standardized technology influence the views and behavior of U.S. and Japanese journalists. Journalists of the three newspapers are confronting a dilemma between their journalistic ideals and increasing economic pressures that limit their activities. They are increasingly feeling insecure about employment in the newspaper industry. They show different attitudes toward employment with their newspapers. Journalists at the U.S. newspaper think of changing careers for better job security, while Japanese journalists seek solutions within the company, rather than leaving. This indicates that U.S. journalists have more freedom to choose, while Japanese journalists are bound to their company partly because of hiring and training practices specific to Japanese newspapers. Journalists have contradictory views about technological development. While they appreciate increased productivity brought by digital technology, they feel their labor has been cheapened partly because of the same technology. Similarities in journalists' experiences beyond newspapers and national borders occur as a result of homogenous impacts of interconnected economies of the two countries and globally standardized technology. However, shared ideas, values and norms specific to the workplace play an important role in determining journalists' perspectives and social behavior. This is why journalists' perspectives and attitudes vary by newspaper. This study concludes by emphasizing the importance of labor studies of newspaper journalists as information providers who are expected to make democracy function. / Committee in charge: Dr. John Russial, Chairperson; Dr. Gabriela Martinez, Member; Dr. Janet Wasko, Member; Dr. Jeffery Hanes, Outside Member

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo geral analisar o uso da tecnologia digital para facilitar a integração creche-família. Foi desenvolvida de acordo com os pressupostos da abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa (FLICK, 2004; SEVERINO, 2007; LÜDKE e ANDRÉ, 1986) e, mais especificamente, como estudo de caso (YIN, 2005) a partir dos dados empíricos obtidos na creche municipal de São Bernardo do Campo/SP, onde a pesquisadora exerce o cargo de diretora escolar. As pesquisas teóricas sobre a Educação de crianças de 0 a 3 anos e sobre os usos da tecnologia digital nos contextos escolares buscaram situar os conceitos centrais que envolviam a proposta. A pesquisa empírica foi realizada por meio de questionário enviado a todas as famílias das crianças atendidas na creche e por entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas com mães/pais e professoras. Pela análise dos dados levantados, constatou-se que a maioria das famílias das crianças matriculadas na creche pesquisada tem acesso à internet, principalmente via telefone celular, e a utiliza diária ou semanalmente. Outra constatação foi de que são poucas as famílias que acessam o Blog da instituição para acompanhar o trabalho desenvolvido com seus filhos. Por outro lado, a maior parte das famílias, que respondeu ao questionário, afirmou que utilizaria ferramentas de comunicação via internet para se comunicar com a creche e sugeriu o aplicativo WhatsApp para potencializar a integração creche-família. Em termos de resultados, a pesquisa identifica que as famílias e professoras da creche estão imersas na cultura digital, fazem uso de dispositivos móveis e desejam usar esses dispositivos para interações frequentes com a creche a fim de, no caso das famílias, acompanhar virtualmente o desenvolvimento de seus filhos. Neste sentido, considera-se que a tecnologia digital pode facilitar e potencializar a comunicação e a integração entre creche e família e que as iniciativas de propostas para essa maior integração devem partir da equipe da creche. / This researchs general goal is to analyze the use of digital technology to facilitate day care/family integration. It has been developed in consonance with the theoretical assumptions of the Qualitative Research approach (FLICK, 2004; SEVERINO, 2007; LÜDKE and ANDRÉ, 1986) and, more specifically, with the assumptions of the Case Study approach (YIN, 2005) applied on the empirical data obtained from the municipal day-care center of São Bernardo do Campo/SP, where this researcher holds the position of headteacher. Our theoretical researches about the Education of children under 3 years old and the uses of digital technology in school context aim to shed light on the main concepts that involve our general goal. The empirical research is based on a survey form sent to the families of all the children that attend the mentioned day-care center and on semistructured interviews with their parents and teachers. Through the analysis of the collected data, it has been possible to realize that the majority of those families have access to the internet, mainly through smartphones, and use it on a daily or weekly basis. Another realization the empirical analysis made possible was that few are the families that access the institutional Blog to keep up with the work developed with their children. On the other hand, the majority of the families who answered the survey said they would use internetbased communication tools to be in touch with the day-care center, and suggested that WhatsApp could improve the day care/family integration. In terms of results, this research shows that the families and daycare teachers are immersed in digital culture, make regular use of mobile devices and that the family wish to employ them on everyday interaction with the day-care center in order to keep up with their childrens development. Therefore, we consider that digital technology can facilitate and improve communication and integration between day-care center and families, and such initiatives should come from the daycare staff.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-03-21T15:10:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Nelymar Gonçalves do Nascimento.pdf: 4481549 bytes, checksum: 21b5a514f949b28777aa459f24555974 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-21T15:10:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nelymar Gonçalves do Nascimento.pdf: 4481549 bytes, checksum: 21b5a514f949b28777aa459f24555974 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 / IFPI - Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí / Esta investigação aborda a construção do conhecimento no campo da moda por meio do uso das tecnologias digitais, tendo como sujeitos os alunos no cotidiano do seu ambiente acadêmico. Esse estudo analisa o uso das tecnologias digitais como meio e fim do método de aprendizagem para o desenvolvimento da capacidade criativa do aluno. Para este fim, buscou-se verificar: a) a estrutura física proporcionada a esses alunos pela universidade; b) as metodologias de ensino utilizadas no âmbito dessas tecnologias; e c) a percepção dos alunos ambientados ou não com as tecnologias. Esta pesquisa fundamentou-se na teoria sócio-histórica de Vigotsky acerca da construção do conhecimento, na qual o sujeito se constitui psicológica e cognitivamente na interação com o seu grupo social pela mediação de instrumentos e relações constituídas ao longo da história. O método empregado para a produção dos dados utilizou-se da entrevista em grupos de discussão e a técnica de análise de conteúdo para a leitura compreensiva dos mesmos. Considera-se que o aprendizado dos alunos do curso pesquisado se constrói não só na interação com a máquina e com os seus softwares, mas também pela participação dos seus colegas e professores através da interação proporcionada pelo empenho na realização das suas atividades. Esse processo de mediação leva ao estímulo do desenvolvimento potencial de características imprescindíveis ao design de moda. / This research focuses on the development of knowledge in the field of fashion through the use of digital technologies, taking students as subjects in their everyday academic environment. This study aims to analyze the use of digital technologies as a means and end of the learning method for the development of creative skills of the student. To this end, we attempted to check: a) physical structure provided to these students by the university; b) the teaching methodologies used within these technologies, as well as, c) the perception of acclimated or not with the technologies students. This research was based on the socio-historical Vygotsky’s theory about the construction of knowledge, in which the subject is psychologically and cognitively in interaction with their social group for mediating instruments and relationships established throughout history. The method employed for the production of the data was used in the interview discussion groups and content analysis technique for reading comprehension thereof. It is considered that students learning of the course builds researched not only in the interaction with the machine and its software, but also the participation of their classmates and teachers through interaction provided by commitment in carrying out their activities. This mediation process leads to stimulating the potential development of essential features to fashion design.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valdenice Minatel Melo de Cerqueira.pdf: 4853814 bytes, checksum: 9f1ec9cc78787554a18c679826fce57d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 / This narrative-based work is attached to the line of research known as New Technologies in Education of Education Program: Curriculum from PUC - SP. This is a descriptive and qualitative-related study that evolved from the implementation of Dante Tablet program in Dante Alighieri School between 2011 and 2012. The overall objective of this work is to observe, describe and analyze the actions employed in the implementation of a program intended for the integration of information, communication, mobile and digital technologies into the curriculum of a school of basic education, while identifying the resiliencies arisen concerning this implementation. For this, we carried out analyses on documents that reveal the history and routine of the mentioned school, among them records of the institution s foundation, its Internal Regulations, accounts of meetings for training teachers, reports of students and teachers steering committees, notes of teaching practices, and questionnaires for teachers of tenth-grade secondary school and students of the Student Steering Committee. The journey to Paradise of the poet Dante Alighieri, described in the book "The Divine Comedy", was used as a metaphor of the methodological process. As to the narrative that supports this work, its development was conducted in a spiral manner, from the concept of Valente s spiral learning. In this paper, the idea of resilience, taken from Simpson and Tavares studies, refers to actions that provide the ability to overcome difficulties and adversities. In addition to these authors, the theoretical framework also comprehends Almeida with regard to issues on curriculum web and Freire over his view on education as an intervention in the world that enables change and transformation. Throughout the work, we identified four resilient actions that were predominant for the maintenance of Dante Tablet program, which are: the creation of the Student Steering Committee; the amplified use of Virtual Learning Environment (MOODLE); the identification, encouragement and enhancement of successful practices that favored aspects of students and teachers authorship; and the provision of a high-quality connection to the Internet, which allows activities involving since the simple ones, such as searching and selecting information, until those that promote students authorship and co-authorship as well as, in a collaborative way, the production and organization of knowledge through cloud computing. The verification of these actions was possible through some indicators that, established by Fullan, are called in this research vectors namely, need, clarity, complexity and quality. In addition to the identification of those resilient actions, another finding of this work was that the process of integration of digital technologies into curriculum should be designed and effected from a deep reflection and a broad dialogue, with the participation of each individual involved in the pedagogical task (in particular, teachers, students and administrators) so as to approach the subject from the perspective of a shared management of web curriculum, prioritizing an online integration of people, ideas, knowledge and cultures. Finally, the expectation is that this work can contribute to the debate on integration of mobile digital technologies into the curriculum within the Brazilian basic education / A presente investigação de natureza narrativa integra-se na linha de pesquisa das Novas Tecnologias em Educação do Programa Educação: Currículo da PUC-SP. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, e que se desenvolveu a partir da implantação do programa Dante Tablet no Colégio Dante Alighieri entre os anos de 2011 e 2012. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é observar, descrever e analisar as ações empregadas na implantação de um programa de integração das tecnologias digitais móveis da informação e comunicação (TDM) ao currículo de uma escola de educação básica, identificando as resiliências surgidas nesse processo. Para tanto, foram feitas análises de documentos que deixam transparecer a história e o cotidiano do referido colégio, entre os quais: relatos sobre a fundação do colégio, Regimento Interno, atas de reuniões dos comitês de gestão (docente e discente), apontamentos de práticas pedagógicas dos professores, além de questionários para professores das 1ª séries do Ensino Médio e alunos do Comitê Gestor Discente. A viagem rumo ao Paraíso do poeta Dante Alighieri, descrita na obra A Divina Comédia , foi utilizada como metáfora do processo metodológico. Relativamente à narrativa que sustenta esta tese, seu desenvolvimento foi conduzido de maneira espiralada, a partir do conceito de espiral de aprendizagem de Valente. A resiliência, neste trabalho, remete às ações que oferecem capacidade de superar dificuldades e transpor situações adversas, e foi estudada a partir de Simpson e Tavares. Além desses autores, o aporte teórico também referencia Almeida nas questões de web currículo e Freire na perspectiva da educação como intervenção no mundo, possibilitando mudanças e transformações. Ao longo do trabalho, identificaram-se quatro ações resilientes que foram preponderantes para a sustentação do programa Dante Tablet: a criação do Comitê Gestor Discente; a utilização ampliada do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem criado no MOODLE; a identificação e valorização de práticas exitosas que favoreceram aspectos relacionados com a autoria de alunos e professores; e a oferta de uma conexão de qualidade com a internet, que possibilitou a realização de atividades desde as mais simples, como a busca e seleção de informações, até aquelas que promovem a autoria dos alunos e, de forma colaborativa, a produção e a organização do conhecimento por meio de serviços nas nuvens. A identificação dessas ações se deu por meio de alguns indicadores que, estabelecidos a partir do trabalho de Fullan, são chamados nesta pesquisa de vetores a saber, necessidade, clareza, complexidade e qualidade. Em complemento à identificação das ações resilientes, constatou-se que o processo de integração das tecnologias digitais ao currículo deve ser pensado e efetivado a partir de uma reflexão, de um diálogo, com a participação de todos os sujeitos do ato pedagógico (em particular, professores, alunos e gestores) na perspectiva de uma gestão compartilhada, do web currículo, priorizando uma integração, em rede, de pessoas, ideias, conhecimentos e culturas. Finalmente, a expectativa é a de que este trabalho possa contribuir para a reflexão sobre integração das tecnologias digitais móveis ao currículo, no âmbito da educação básica brasileira

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:11:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Isabella Chianca Bessa Ribeiro do Valle.pdf: 13384983 bytes, checksum: 231e9daafa95a487d4cedcfc79d552c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / In order to communicate efficiently it is necessary to dominate the languages we use. Photography is one of these languages, but some transformations have taken place during the shift from analogical to digital mechanisms, which demand a renewal of the photographer s knowledge and understanding: to unveil the numerical black box of photography. Nowadays, the photographer is in a migration process that, according to Stuart Hall, situates the migrant being between tradition and translation. Thereby, the negotiation between the traditional (analogical) and the new (digital) in the photographic universe is the main focus of this research. It was observed that, while photographing digitally, photographers still think analogically. Guided by familiar terms like ISO, grain, development, etc. their digital photos are captured, treated and manipulated through the options and tools available in the interfaces of the devices and programs that simulate previously known analogical processes. In a reality that deals with sensors and bits, terms and interfaces still related to chemical processes are used by photographers even when dealing with numerical photography. They are equipped with digital cameras and programs, but few of them understand the nature and the new creative and communicative potentialities of numerical photography beyond familiar interfaces. Thus, using the works of authors like Vilém Flusser, Ansel Adams, Edmond Couchot, Lev Manovich, Arlindo Machado, Giselle Beiguelman, Lucia Santaella, among others, as a background, not only did this research analyze the migration process of photography and the way photographers use the digital resources available in their cameras and computers, but also the communication configuration itself and the language used by the digital cameras and graphic programs. In order to do that, as a first step, from a description of the chemical and numerical processes, this work points out the essential changes between photographic practices (chemical and numerical) and in the photographic image itself. Such changes should also lead to a transformation in the creative process of photographs, for it is through technical and aesthetic choices that images are produced with certain communicative purposes. In a second step, the interfaces of DSLR cameras and graphics programs (Photoshop and Lightroom) were analyzed and it was also underscored that some limitations imposed by the interfaces of these devices cause stereotyping in photographs processed through standardized, automatic tools; repeating concepts of the analogical universe that no longer apply to the digital universe. And finally, as a third step, the answers to questionnaires given to photographers, which aimed to understand how the migrant photographers currently deal with these changes, were discussed and also used to capture some trends in digital thinking / Para que nos comuniquemos de forma eficiente é necessário que dominemos as linguagens que utilizamos. A fotografia é uma dessas linguagens, porém, algumas transformações que vêm acontecendo no processo de mudança do analógico ao digital exigem dos fotógrafos renovação do seu domínio e compreensão: desvendar a caixa preta da fotografia numérica. Atualmente, o fotógrafo encontra-se em um processo de migração, que, segundo Stuart Hall, situa o ser migrante entre a tradição e a tradução. É a negociação entre o tradicional (analógico) e o novo (digital), no universo fotográfico, que está em foco neste trabalho. Observamos que, enquanto fotografam digitalmente, os fotógrafos ainda pensam analogicamente. Guiados por termos familiares como ISO, granulação, revelação, etc. suas fotografias digitais são capturadas, tratadas e manipuladas a partir das opções e ferramentas disponíveis nas interfaces dos aparelhos e programas que simulam processos analógicos conhecidos. Em uma realidade em que se lida com sensores e bits, termos e interfaces ainda relacionados ao processamento químico são utilizados pelos fotógrafos mesmo quando tratam de fotografia numérica. Eles estão munidos de câmeras e programas digitais, mas poucos entendem da natureza e das novas potencialidades criativas e comunicativas da fotografia numérica para além das interfaces familiares. Assim, a partir de autores como Vilém Flusser, Ansel Adams, Edmond Couchot, Lev Manovich, Arlindo Machado, Giselle Beiguelman, Lucia Santaella, entre outros, este trabalho analisa tanto o processo de migração dos fotógrafos e a maneira com que utilizam os recursos digitais de que dispõem em suas câmeras e computadores, como a própria configuração de comunicação e linguagem presente já na própria câmera digital e nos programas gráficos. Para isso, em um primeiro momento, a partir de uma descrição dos processamentos químico e numérico, apontamos as mudanças de natureza que ocorrem nas diferentes práticas fotográficas (química e numérica) e na própria imagem fotográfica. Tais mudanças devem acarretar uma transformação também no processo criativo de fotografias, já que é através de escolhas técnicas e estéticas que produzimos imagens com certos propósitos comunicativos. Em um segundo momento, analisamos as interfaces de câmeras DSLR e de programas gráficos (Photoshop e Lightroom) e apontamos algumas limitações impostas pelas interfaces desses aparelhos, que provocam estereotipia nas fotografias que processam a partir de ferramentas padronizadas, automáticas, que repetem conceitos do universo analógico não mais aplicáveis ao universo digital. E, finalmente, em um terceiro momento, discutimos as respostas de questionários aplicados a fotógrafos, através dos quais visamos entender como os fotógrafos migrantes lidam atualmente com essas mudanças, além de captar algumas tendências ao pensamento digital