Constata-se que a reforma sanitária brasileira representa um avanço na direção de uma concepção avançada de sistema de saúde. Entretanto o SUS, com toda a materialidade das reformas ao nível macro induzidas a partir dos avanços na legislação, a implantação da regionalização e hierarquização da assistência, e dos instrumentos de gestão, assim como todas as grandes organizações modernas, padece de problemas de coordenação na operação de suas ações. Este trabalho pretende discutir as possibilidades e limites das mudanças organizacionais induzidas pela implementação do SUS na configuração dos sistemas locoregionais de saúde, à luz das experiências internacionais e das contribuições mais recentes das teorias organizacionais, no contexto da transição do fordismo à acumulação flexível. A partir do referencial da teoria dos sistemas, considera-se a contribuição das teorias organizacionais fordistas, pós-fordistas e pós-modernistas na especificidade do campo da saúde coletiva, para discutir a efetividade dos seus subsistemas cibernéticos do SUS: controle, avaliação, regulação, auditoria e vigilância em saúde, no complexo contexto da configuração do poder deste setor. Verifica-se que o SUS, constituído a partir de culturas organizacionais fordistas, do antigo INAMPS e da Saúde Pública tradicional, não tem obtido êxito em configurar estruturas organizacionais competentes, na medida em que reproduz os modelos tradicionais nos seus sistemas de controle. Esta dificuldade em parte deve-se ao momento histórico, que fez coincidir o momento dos avanços na legislação, em direção à ampliação do direito à saúde, com o momento das reestruturações dos aparelhos estatais decorrente da crise global do modo de produção fordista, e com as profundas transformações demográficas, epidemiológicas e da tecnologia da assistência médica. Por outro lado, a disponibilidade de soluções pósfordistas propicia um padrão para a conformação de novas regras e novos modos de regulação do sistema de saúde, que induzam a comportamentos auto-reguladores por parte dos prestadores de serviços de saúde, considerando as metas de equidade e de melhoria da saúde da população. Conclui-se que a necessária reforma do setor saúde demanda o fortalecimento de uma tecno-burocracia protegida contra injunções político-partidárias, que possibilite a incubação uma cultura organizacional profissional em todas as esferas de governo e níveis de gestão, que incentive um trabalho em saúde competente e moralmente comprometido com as finalidades do SUS nesse país. / The Brazilian Health Reform is a step ahead towards an advanced health system concept. However, despite the concrete legal progress achieved through the 1988 Constitution, expressed in reforms at the broader level, aiming to organize the assistance in a hierarchyzed services network, and the promulgation of norms for the decentralized system local management, the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), as other large modern organizations, experiences a lack of coordination in its operations. This work aims to discuss the possibilities and limits of the organizational changes induced by this implementation, in the very configuration of regionalized health systems from the viewpoint of international experience with health systems reforms, taking into account the most recent contributions of the organizational theories, considering the transitional context from fordism to post-fordism. From the theoretical perspective of systems, we consider the contribution of organization theories, regarding the specificity of the field of public health, to argue the effectiveness of its regulation subsystems: control and evaluation, regulation, medical audit, health Information and also the surveillance and disease control systems, within the complex configuration of political power in this sector, in Brazil. SUS, characterized by a mix of two fordist organizational patterns the National Institute of Social Security (INAMPS) and traditional Public Health systems fails to build competent organizational structures, since it reproduces traditional models in its controlling systems. These difficulties are due in part to historical determinants, which made the legal advances towards a more comprehensive health right coincide with State reforms arisen from the crisis of fordist regulation patterns, and also with worldwide deep societal transformations, like demographic and epidemiological transitions, and the high costs of medical technology. On the other hand, the availability of post-fordist organizational solutions provides patterns for new rules and ways for health systems regulation, which lead to self-regulated behaviors on the part of health care providers, considering the goals of equity and improvement of populational health. The author conclude that necessary health care reform in Brazil requires the strengthening technobureaucracy protected against political-partisan injunctions, allowing the incubation of a professional organizational culture in all government and managerial levels, fostering the competent health work, committed with SUSs purposes.

Constata-se que a reforma sanitária brasileira representa um avanço na direção de uma concepção avançada de sistema de saúde. Entretanto o SUS, com toda a materialidade das reformas ao nível macro induzidas a partir dos avanços na legislação, a implantação da regionalização e hierarquização da assistência, e dos instrumentos de gestão, assim como todas as grandes organizações modernas, padece de problemas de coordenação na operação de suas ações. Este trabalho pretende discutir as possibilidades e limites das mudanças organizacionais induzidas pela implementação do SUS na configuração dos sistemas locoregionais de saúde, à luz das experiências internacionais e das contribuições mais recentes das teorias organizacionais, no contexto da transição do fordismo à acumulação flexível. A partir do referencial da teoria dos sistemas, considera-se a contribuição das teorias organizacionais fordistas, pós-fordistas e pós-modernistas na especificidade do campo da saúde coletiva, para discutir a efetividade dos seus subsistemas cibernéticos do SUS: controle, avaliação, regulação, auditoria e vigilância em saúde, no complexo contexto da configuração do poder deste setor. Verifica-se que o SUS, constituído a partir de culturas organizacionais fordistas, do antigo INAMPS e da Saúde Pública tradicional, não tem obtido êxito em configurar estruturas organizacionais competentes, na medida em que reproduz os modelos tradicionais nos seus sistemas de controle. Esta dificuldade em parte deve-se ao momento histórico, que fez coincidir o momento dos avanços na legislação, em direção à ampliação do direito à saúde, com o momento das reestruturações dos aparelhos estatais decorrente da crise global do modo de produção fordista, e com as profundas transformações demográficas, epidemiológicas e da tecnologia da assistência médica. Por outro lado, a disponibilidade de soluções pósfordistas propicia um padrão para a conformação de novas regras e novos modos de regulação do sistema de saúde, que induzam a comportamentos auto-reguladores por parte dos prestadores de serviços de saúde, considerando as metas de equidade e de melhoria da saúde da população. Conclui-se que a necessária reforma do setor saúde demanda o fortalecimento de uma tecno-burocracia protegida contra injunções político-partidárias, que possibilite a incubação uma cultura organizacional profissional em todas as esferas de governo e níveis de gestão, que incentive um trabalho em saúde competente e moralmente comprometido com as finalidades do SUS nesse país. / The Brazilian Health Reform is a step ahead towards an advanced health system concept. However, despite the concrete legal progress achieved through the 1988 Constitution, expressed in reforms at the broader level, aiming to organize the assistance in a hierarchyzed services network, and the promulgation of norms for the decentralized system local management, the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), as other large modern organizations, experiences a lack of coordination in its operations. This work aims to discuss the possibilities and limits of the organizational changes induced by this implementation, in the very configuration of regionalized health systems from the viewpoint of international experience with health systems reforms, taking into account the most recent contributions of the organizational theories, considering the transitional context from fordism to post-fordism. From the theoretical perspective of systems, we consider the contribution of organization theories, regarding the specificity of the field of public health, to argue the effectiveness of its regulation subsystems: control and evaluation, regulation, medical audit, health Information and also the surveillance and disease control systems, within the complex configuration of political power in this sector, in Brazil. SUS, characterized by a mix of two fordist organizational patterns the National Institute of Social Security (INAMPS) and traditional Public Health systems fails to build competent organizational structures, since it reproduces traditional models in its controlling systems. These difficulties are due in part to historical determinants, which made the legal advances towards a more comprehensive health right coincide with State reforms arisen from the crisis of fordist regulation patterns, and also with worldwide deep societal transformations, like demographic and epidemiological transitions, and the high costs of medical technology. On the other hand, the availability of post-fordist organizational solutions provides patterns for new rules and ways for health systems regulation, which lead to self-regulated behaviors on the part of health care providers, considering the goals of equity and improvement of populational health. The author conclude that necessary health care reform in Brazil requires the strengthening technobureaucracy protected against political-partisan injunctions, allowing the incubation of a professional organizational culture in all government and managerial levels, fostering the competent health work, committed with SUSs purposes.

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-11-18T16:18:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Enio Rodrigues Machado - 2016.pdf: 2438946 bytes, checksum: 1aa60d567c4ca5c4746b31a7b0f17fee (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2016-11-21T20:27:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Enio Rodrigues Machado - 2016.pdf: 2438946 bytes, checksum: 1aa60d567c4ca5c4746b31a7b0f17fee (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-21T20:27:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Enio Rodrigues Machado - 2016.pdf: 2438946 bytes, checksum: 1aa60d567c4ca5c4746b31a7b0f17fee (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-15 / The area of research of this thesis is “Education, Work and Social Movements”, from the Graduate Program in Education of the Federal University of Goiás. It aimed to understand the work and professional education relationship in the area of construction and professional training, more specifically in the professional training offered by the Building Construction Technical Course of the Federal Institute of Goiás, Goiânia Campus, starting from the analyses of the capitalist production models - Fordism and the flexible accumulation and its relationship with the world of work; the historicity of professional education in Brazil; and the pedagogical experience lived by the technical course taken as object of study. This research of qualitative nature was conducted between 2010 and 2015 by means of a bibliographical and documentary analysis, field research, interviews with teachers and students of the cited course in the same institution and with liberal professionals of construction in Goiânia, analyzing the testimonies of these subjects. The pedagogical documents of the course were selected between the decades of 1970 to 2000. As a theoretical support of the discussions, reference was sought in David Harvey, Vanilda Paiva, Mauro Del Pino, Gaudêncio Frigotto, Acácia Kuenzer, Silvia Manfredi, Milton Vargas, Fábio Villela, Nelson Ribeiro, among others. These authors contributed to deepen the studies on the contemporary productive and social changes and on the historical outcomes in work and in professional education, considering the field of construction and technical training in buildings at Goiânia Campus. The theoretical reflections and the analysis of the empirical content made it possible to state that: the construction area - subarea buildings - is permeated by rigid and flexible production processes; the professional training of the buildings technician preserves the value of the technical rigidity, being updated, contemporaneously, by knowledge and tools that make his/her practice flexible; work and professional training of the building technician have been guided by relationships that reveal a productivist character among its subjects, primarily present in the identity constitution of the majority of young people who choose the course and in the educational role in this category. However, it is necessary to think of practices considering the educational guidelines that aim at a complete training of the individual, regardless of the formative link to the production models and the characteristics of the corresponding work. / Esta tese insere-se na Linha de Pesquisa “Educação, Trabalho e Movimentos Sociais”, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Teve como objetivo compreender a relação trabalho e educação profissional, na área da construção civil, mais especificamente na formação profissional ofertada pelo Curso Técnico em Edificações do Instituto Federal de Goiás - Campus Goiânia, partindo das análises dos modelos da produção capitalista - o fordismo e a acumulação flexível e sua relação com o mundo do trabalho; da historicidade da educação profissional no Brasil; da experiência pedagógica vivenciada pelo curso técnico tomado como objeto de estudo. A pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, foi realizada entre 2010 e 2015, contando com a análise bibliográfica, documental e pesquisa de campo, por meio de entrevistas com professores e alunos do Curso Técnico em Edificações, na mesma instituição, e com profissionais liberais da construção civil em Goiânia, analisando-se os depoimentos desses sujeitos. Os documentos pedagógicos do curso foram selecionados entre as décadas de 1970 a 2000. Como fundamentação das discussões elaboradas, buscou-se referência em David Harvey, Vanilda Paiva, Mauro Del Pino, Gaudêncio Frigotto, Acácia Kuenzer, Silvia Manfredi, Milton Vargas, Fábio Villela, Nelson Ribeiro, dentre outros. Tais autores contribuíram para o aprofundamento de estudos acerca das mudanças produtivas e sociais na contemporaneidade e dos desdobramentos históricos no trabalho e na educação profissional, considerando a área de construção civil e a formação profissional técnica em edificações no campus Goiânia. As reflexões teóricas e a análise do conteúdo empírico possibilitaram afirmar que: a área de construção civil  subárea edificações  é permeada por processos rígidos e flexíveis de produção; a formação profissional do técnico em edificações preserva a valorização da rigidez técnica, sendo atualizada, contemporaneamente, por conhecimentos e ferramentas que flexibilizam a sua prática; o trabalho e a formação profissional do técnico em edificações têm sido norteados por relações que revelam um caráter produtivista entre seus sujeitos, primordialmente presente na constituição identitária da maioria dos jovens que optam pelo curso e no papel educativo institucional nesta modalidade. Porém, há que se pensar em práticas, considerando diretrizes educacionais que apontem para uma formação completa do indivíduo, independente da vinculação formativa aos modelos de produção e das características do trabalho correspondente.

Advancing technology has caused rapid and dramatic changes in the world of work. Labour law systems grounded in the industrial era, with their emphasis on collective bargaining, are not suitable in today’s world of work. Throughout the world, the ‘atypical employee’ is replacing the standard or typical employee whose terms and conditions of employment were generally regulated by collective agreements. Atypical employee’s terms and conditions of employment generally are not regulated by collective agreements. World– wide trends in the decentralisation of collective bargaining, decollectivisation and individualisation of the employment relationship have contributed to a decline in trade union power and influence. Consequently the number of workers covered by collective agreements has decreased. Collective bargaining has been rendered less effective because of the changing the world of work. The South African labour law system places a huge emphasis on collective bargaining, particularly at industry level, for the protection of employee interests. Given these trends in the changing world of work, the appropriateness of this emphasis on industry or central level collective bargaining is questioned. The vacuum left by the inadequacy and inability of trade unions to protect employee interests in a comprehensive manner by means of collective bargaining, needs to be addressed. The following alternative means of protecting employee interests are considered: (i) The socialisation of the law of contract; (ii) the interpretation given to the constitutional right to fair labour practices; and (iii) the role of good corporate governance and corporate social responsibility. These alternative means of addressing legitimate employee interests could play a role in filling the vacuum created by trade union decline. The South African law of contract is capable of bridging the gap between law and justice by the application of the concepts of good faith and public policy, so that employment contracts may take cognisance of employee interests despite the imbalance of power between employer and employee. The protection of worker interests by means of the constitutional right to fair labour practices depends on the judge’s interpretation of what is fair. Implementation of good corporate governance codes can be influential in protecting and promoting employee interests. / Thesis (LLD (Mercantile Law))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Mercantile Law / unrestricted

No description available.

Dans un contexte de grandes transformations économiques imposées par la mondialisation, le développement d’innovations et la financiarisation de l’économie ont profondément atteint les villes mono industrielles de la période fordiste. L’industrie automobile, grandement influencée par les restructurations économiques globales, a elle aussi été profondément touchée. Ce faisant, les paysages urbains des villes dépendantes de cette industrie, comme Windsor en Ontario, ont été construits et détruits par le processus de destruction créative, dont nous soulignons la composante spatiale. La structure paysagère de Windsor s’est ainsi transformée : alors que des aires importantes dans différents quartiers attendent d’être réinvesties, donnant lieu aux paysages abandonnés, d’autres paysages sont créés. Cette recherche est basée sur l’étude de trois quartiers bordant la Rivière Détroit ayant subi d’importants changements dans leurs paysages. L’objectif principal de ce mémoire est donc de déterminer comment le processus de destruction créative s’opère à Windsor et quels en sont les impacts spatiaux. Afin de parvenir à cet objectif, des observations du paysage avec la création du répertoire photographique, accompagnées d’entrevues directes, ont été les méthodes privilégiées La recherche a permis de déterminer que le processus de destruction créative a lieu dans des contextes de déclin, mais également de croissance. Avec les restructurations économiques globales de l’industrie automobile, les paysages de Windsor se sont créés, déstructurés, et parfois restructurés, grâce aux interventions des acteurs locaux. Face à l’abandon progressif de certains espaces, ces acteurs ont dû réfléchir à de nouvelles stratégies en réponse aux transformations paysagères, comme le néolibéralisme urbain. Nous avons ainsi pu conclure que la destruction créative des paysages est donc en relation avec les processus économiques globaux et négociée par les acteurs locaux. / In a context of great economic transformations imposed by globalization, the development of innovations and the financialization of the economy have deeply affected the mono industrial cities of the fordist period. The automotive industry, largely influenced by global economic restructuring, was also deeply touched. In doing so, the urban landscapes of cities dependent on this industry, such as Windsor in Ontario, were built and destroyed by the process of creative destruction, by it’s spatial component. Thereby, the landscape structure of Windsor has been transformed: while important areas in different neighborhoods are waiting to be reinvested, giving rise to abandoned landscapes, other landscapes are created. This research is based on the study of three neighborhoods along the Detroit River that has undergone significant changes in their landscapes. The main objective of this research is to determine how the process of creative destruction takes place in Windsor and what are the spatial impacts. To achieve this goal, observations of the landscape with the creation of the photographic repertoire, accompanied by direct interviews were the preferred methods. Research has determined that the process of creative destruction takes place in contexts of decline, but also growth. With overall economic restructuring of the automotive industry, the landscapes of Windsor have been created, unstructured, and sometimes restructured through the efforts of local actors. Faced with the phasing out of certain areas, these actors had to think about new strategies in response to landscape transformations, like urban neoliberalism. Therefore, we can conclude that creative destruction of the landscape is related to global economic processes and negotiated by local actors.

Essa pesquisa buscou compreender o papel que os trabalhadores de chão de fábrica, aqueles com pouca ou nenhuma qualificação e que trabalham diretamente no processo produtivo, tiveram para o progresso da indústria química de São Paulo. Para isso, realizamos uma retrospectiva da história da industrialização desse setor, bem como dos diferentes estágios de interação entre a gerência e os operários. Contamos com pesquisas de diferentes áreas do conhecimento, bem como de documentação primária e história oral. Com isso, buscamos dar luz a essa personagem e perceber como o seu papel se alterou no decorrer do tempo, sem nunca deixar de ser relevante para uma História da ciência, da técnica e do trabalho, inserida em uma perspectiva social. / The main purpose of this research is to understand the role that blue collar workers, those ones with little or no qualifications that work directly in the production process, had in the progress of the chemical industry of São Paulo. To get there, a retrospective of the history of industrialization in this sector has been done, as well as the different stages of interaction between management executives and workers. In the research, studies from different areas of knowledge were used as well as primary documents and oral history. This research tries to focus these actors and understands the changes on their role over the time, always relevant to the history of science, technology and labor in a social perspective.

Essa pesquisa buscou compreender o papel que os trabalhadores de chão de fábrica, aqueles com pouca ou nenhuma qualificação e que trabalham diretamente no processo produtivo, tiveram para o progresso da indústria química de São Paulo. Para isso, realizamos uma retrospectiva da história da industrialização desse setor, bem como dos diferentes estágios de interação entre a gerência e os operários. Contamos com pesquisas de diferentes áreas do conhecimento, bem como de documentação primária e história oral. Com isso, buscamos dar luz a essa personagem e perceber como o seu papel se alterou no decorrer do tempo, sem nunca deixar de ser relevante para uma História da ciência, da técnica e do trabalho, inserida em uma perspectiva social. / The main purpose of this research is to understand the role that blue collar workers, those ones with little or no qualifications that work directly in the production process, had in the progress of the chemical industry of São Paulo. To get there, a retrospective of the history of industrialization in this sector has been done, as well as the different stages of interaction between management executives and workers. In the research, studies from different areas of knowledge were used as well as primary documents and oral history. This research tries to focus these actors and understands the changes on their role over the time, always relevant to the history of science, technology and labor in a social perspective.

Dans un contexte de grandes transformations économiques imposées par la mondialisation, le développement d’innovations et la financiarisation de l’économie ont profondément atteint les villes mono industrielles de la période fordiste. L’industrie automobile, grandement influencée par les restructurations économiques globales, a elle aussi été profondément touchée. Ce faisant, les paysages urbains des villes dépendantes de cette industrie, comme Windsor en Ontario, ont été construits et détruits par le processus de destruction créative, dont nous soulignons la composante spatiale. La structure paysagère de Windsor s’est ainsi transformée : alors que des aires importantes dans différents quartiers attendent d’être réinvesties, donnant lieu aux paysages abandonnés, d’autres paysages sont créés. Cette recherche est basée sur l’étude de trois quartiers bordant la Rivière Détroit ayant subi d’importants changements dans leurs paysages. L’objectif principal de ce mémoire est donc de déterminer comment le processus de destruction créative s’opère à Windsor et quels en sont les impacts spatiaux. Afin de parvenir à cet objectif, des observations du paysage avec la création du répertoire photographique, accompagnées d’entrevues directes, ont été les méthodes privilégiées La recherche a permis de déterminer que le processus de destruction créative a lieu dans des contextes de déclin, mais également de croissance. Avec les restructurations économiques globales de l’industrie automobile, les paysages de Windsor se sont créés, déstructurés, et parfois restructurés, grâce aux interventions des acteurs locaux. Face à l’abandon progressif de certains espaces, ces acteurs ont dû réfléchir à de nouvelles stratégies en réponse aux transformations paysagères, comme le néolibéralisme urbain. Nous avons ainsi pu conclure que la destruction créative des paysages est donc en relation avec les processus économiques globaux et négociée par les acteurs locaux. / In a context of great economic transformations imposed by globalization, the development of innovations and the financialization of the economy have deeply affected the mono industrial cities of the fordist period. The automotive industry, largely influenced by global economic restructuring, was also deeply touched. In doing so, the urban landscapes of cities dependent on this industry, such as Windsor in Ontario, were built and destroyed by the process of creative destruction, by it’s spatial component. Thereby, the landscape structure of Windsor has been transformed: while important areas in different neighborhoods are waiting to be reinvested, giving rise to abandoned landscapes, other landscapes are created. This research is based on the study of three neighborhoods along the Detroit River that has undergone significant changes in their landscapes. The main objective of this research is to determine how the process of creative destruction takes place in Windsor and what are the spatial impacts. To achieve this goal, observations of the landscape with the creation of the photographic repertoire, accompanied by direct interviews were the preferred methods. Research has determined that the process of creative destruction takes place in contexts of decline, but also growth. With overall economic restructuring of the automotive industry, the landscapes of Windsor have been created, unstructured, and sometimes restructured through the efforts of local actors. Faced with the phasing out of certain areas, these actors had to think about new strategies in response to landscape transformations, like urban neoliberalism. Therefore, we can conclude that creative destruction of the landscape is related to global economic processes and negotiated by local actors.

Made available in DSpace on 2009-11-18T19:01:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004 / The main objective of the present study is to identify witch administration tools can be used by the managers to accelerate the change process, increasing the productivity of process and people of Information Technology area. It also studied the administration tools of first three decades of XX century, when the Fordist paradigm was strongly present, and the last three decades of the same century, called Flexibilization period, still be applied to manage an IT area of large company witch their processes are totally based on software and computers. The study has an empirical section based on a case study of Information Technology area of Infoglobo Comunicações, where mean processes were changed to comply with new quality and productivity standards defined by the company's board. / Tendo em vista as mudanças nos processos das organizações, e na forma de gestão e gerência das equipes para acompanharem tais mudanças, o objetivo desta dissertação é identificar quais ferramentas da administração podem ser utilizadas pelos gestores para facilitar este processo de mudança, aumentando a produtividade das pessoas e processos de uma área de Tecnologia da Informação (TI). Adicionalmente, nesta dissertação, busca-se verificar se as ferramentas de administração das três primeiras décadas do século XX, período em que o paradigma Fordista se fazia muito presente, e das três últimas décadas deste mesmo século, período marcado pelo paradigma da Flexibilização, ainda são utilizadas para gestão da área de TI de uma empresa em que todo o seu processo produtivo está baseado em sistemas e equipamentos controlados por computadores. O estudo é fundamentado por uma seção empírica, na qual se relata um caso real, focalizando as transformações ocorridas na área de TI da empresa Infoglobo Comunicações, onde processos importantes da área foram alterados para adequar a produtividade e qualidade dos serviços prestados pela área aos novos patamares definidos pela Diretoria da empresa.