Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T18:02:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AMANDA BARROS BATISTA.pdf: 1067582 bytes, checksum: a004281fe7fc0a36012b4ff5035be83e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-26 / Analysis of discourses related to the process of classification and identification of flanelinhas who work in the public (and pay) system of rotative parking in São Luís Centre named Rotativo São Luís . The proposal of this research was to discuss what I call dynamic of classification of car guards, understood as the construction, by representatives of Car Guards Union, of classification and differentiation criteria between flanelinhas of the referred system, as well as the reasons and ways of employment of such criteria. I considered the process of classifying as capability of identify differentiations between individual and social groups, resulting, among other things, in unequal treatments or demands of behavior. In the interpretation of Pierre Bourdieu (1996, p. 110), this process would convert to what he calls social magic, once it would give existence to the nominated thing, establishing its borders and delimiting its limits. / Análises de discursos relativos aos processos de classificação e identificação de flanelinhas que trabalham no sistema público (e pago) de estacionamento rotativo, denominado Rotativo São Luís , no Centro da cidade de São Luís do Maranhão. A proposta da pesquisa foi discutir o que chamo de dinâmica de classificação dos guardadores de carro , entendida como a elaboração, por representantes do Sindicato dos Guardadores de Carro, de critérios de classificação e diferenciação entre flanelinhas do referido sistema, assim como quais as razões e formas de emprego de tais critérios. Considerei o processo de categorização como capacidade de identificar diferenciações entre indivíduos e grupos sociais, resultando, dentre outras coisas, em tratamentos desiguais ou exigências de comportamento. Na interpretação de Pierre Bourdieu (1996, p. 110), esse processo se converteria no que chama de magia social, vez que daria existência à coisa nomeada, estabelecendo fronteiras e delimitando limites.

Apesar das diferenças existentes entre língua oral e língua escrita, ambas se interrelacionam; por isso são vistas por estudiosos da linguagem, como Briz e Marcushi, entre outros, como um continuum. Sabe-se que nessas duas modalidades encontram-se tanto o registro formal quanto o informal. Dessa forma, seria errôneo, por exemplo, dizer que língua coloquial é o mesmo que língua oral, embora se reconheça que a coloquialidade está mais presente na modalidade falada que na modalidade escrita. Logo, de forma alguma a coloquialidade é exclusiva da oralidade. Para se reconstruir um texto oral coloquial, portanto, é necessário não só lançar mão de um planejamento estilístico, como também empregar marcas próprias da oralidade e da coloquialidade, como expressões fixas, gírias, marcadores interacionais, entre outras. A análise deste trabalho, por conseguinte, consiste em identificar e analisar tais marcas no corpus. Para comprovar a presença dessas marcas, além de facilitar sua visualização, elaboramos uma tabela Outro elemento abordado nessa pesquisa, ainda que de forma incipiente, foi a questão da comicidade presente no corpus. Assim, considerando a presença da oralidade/coloquialidade e da comicidade, este trabalho se propõe a verificar, a partir da análise da relação entre ambas, de que maneira a oralidade colabora para a produção do efeito de sentido cômico no texto. / In spite of the differences between oral and written language, both are interrelated, that is why they are seen by researchers as Briz, Marcushi and others like a continuum.It is known that in both modalities we can find as much formal as colloquial register. Because of this it would be wrong to say that colloquial language is the same as oral language, although we recognize that the informality is more present in the spoken modality than in the written one, by no means we can assert that informality only appears in the orality.In order to reconstruct an oral/ colloquial text it is necessary to use a stylistic planning and to make use of oral and colloquial aspects as: ready expressions, slang, signs of interaction and others. The analysis of our work consists of identifying signs of orality/ informality in the corpus. To prove the existence of these signs in our corpus we made a chart where it is possible to visualize them. Another feature that was slightly discussed in our research was the humor present in the corpus. Considering the presence of orality/ informality and humor, we tried to establish a relationship between both, or else, to show that orality also helped to a funny effect in the text.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-04-04T18:11:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 diegodasilvarodrigues.pdf: 406421 bytes, checksum: aeaa7de595b7c22c154883eda85bdc86 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-04-06T10:43:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 diegodasilvarodrigues.pdf: 406421 bytes, checksum: aeaa7de595b7c22c154883eda85bdc86 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-06T10:43:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 diegodasilvarodrigues.pdf: 406421 bytes, checksum: aeaa7de595b7c22c154883eda85bdc86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-21 / Esse trabalho tem por finalidade estimar a probabilidade de migração interestadual dos trabalhadores que se destinam ao setor informal. Especificamente, busca-se analisar a probabilidade de migração conforme o nível de renda dos estados de destino. Esse objetivo é motivado pelo fato do Brasil apresentar intensa migração interna, o que leva à necessidade de compreender se as características dessa migração são as mesmas se considerarmos apenas o setor informal, que apresenta peculiaridades. Para isso, será elaborado um modelo probabilístico de migração com base em um banco de dados montado a partir da Ecinf (IBGE/2003). Inicialmente, é estimado um modelo probit simples, visando entender o impacto de características observadas pessoais, de trabalho e da região na decisão do indivíduo migrar. Depois, é estimado um modelo multinomial, buscando entender o impacto que essas características observadas têm quando o destino da migração é diferenciado pelo nível de renda dos estados. Os principais resultados obtidos indicam que, entre os informais, a migração segue características semelhantes às observadas na literatura, como ser mais propensa entre as mulheres, e apresentar renda maior entre os migrantes em comparação com os não-migrantes, sendo esta uma variável importante para a migração às regiões mais ricas. Por outro lado, os resultados também mostram que o aumento do nível de instrução tende a diminuir a probabilidade de um trabalhador informal migrar, indo de encontro ao que se observa noutros mercados de trabalho. / This paper aims to estimate the probability of interstate migration of informal workers. More specifically, it has the objective to analyze the probability of migration according to the income level of the destination states. This goal is motivated by the fact that Brazil has a strong internal migration, which leads to the need of understanding if the characteristics of the internal migration are the same if one considers only the informal sector, which presents peculiarities. This way, a probabilistic model of migration is made based on a database from the Ecinf (IBGE/2003). Initially, it is estimated a simple probit model, in order to understand the impact of observed personal, job and regional characteristics on the individual's decision to migrate. After that, it is estimated a multinomial model, trying to understand the impact that these observed characteristics have when the destination of the migration is differentiated by the income level of the states. The main results show that, among informal workers, the migration has characteristics similar to those observed in the literature and in the proposed model, as being more likely among women, and presenting higher incomes among the migrants when compared with non-migrants, and that being an important variable for migration to richer regions. On the other hand, the results also show that, among the informal workers, increasing of the educational level of the individuals tends to reduce the probability to migrate, against what is observed in other job markets.

Esta pesquisa constrói o argumento de que a indústria lítica de Abrigos Vermelhos não corresponde à falta de padronização técnica ou a degeneração das habilidades dos artesãos ocorridas a partir de repertórios tecnológicos líticos do início do Holoceno. Em interface com a Arqueologia de Lugar, a noção de contexto é utilizada para substituir esta argumentação, pela noção de intencionalidade de produção deste conjunto artefatual em meio à relação estabelecida com outros vestígios arqueológicos no sítio, preferivelmente à noção de informalidade, de oportunismo e de irregularidade dos procedimentos técnicos atribuídos habitualmente à produção lítica do período de transição entre horizontes caçadores-coletores e ceramistas. / This research builds the argument that the lithic industry from Abrigos Vermelhos does not correspond with a lack of technical standardization or with the degeneration of the ability of the craftsmen that occurred since the lithic technological repertories of the beginning of the Holocene. Interfacing with the Archaeology of Place, the idea of context is used to replace this reasoning with the idea of intentionality of production of this set of artifacts amidst the stablished relation with other archaeological remains on the site, preferably to the notion of informality, opportunism and unevenness of the technical procedures usually assigned to the lithic production of the transition period between the hunter-gatherer and potter horizons.

Les villes sont constituées du regroupement d'ensembles cohérents qui coexistent de façon apparemment paisible ou dans la tolérance. En raison de leur nature et des politiques néolibérales qui les régissent, les services urbains sont supposés être fournis dans de bonnes quantités et au bon moment pour tous, ce qui n'est pas toujours le cas car de nombreux intérêts sont en jeu, s'opposant aux pouvoirs en place. L'eau, un bien élémentaire et un droit inscrit dans les constitutions de nombreux pays, est encore loin d'être un bien pour tous; elle est au coeur de cette thèse qui présente une étude du cas de Soweto East. Soweto est un «ghetto» controversé, un espace systématiquement marginalisé où les résidents souffrent de négligence historique et d'injustice dans la fourniture de biens et de services urbains de base, un site où plusieurs interventions de développement ont échoué, où l'injustice urbaine nie le droit de demeurer dans la ville. Soweto a été choisi pour montrer comment la gouvernance de l'eau peut assurer la résilience et la durabilité dans la ligne des objectifs de développement durable. En utilisant le Cadre Analytique de la Gouvernance, cette thèse observe des espaces et des lieux très discutés, où les habitants se sont démocratiquement organisés pour prendre en charge leur destin en créant des systèmes qui utilisent à la fois les normes légales et des normes informelles dans des mesures différentes, pour veiller sur ce qu'ils peuvent réclamer concernant les services d'eau. Le système se présente comme une riche tapisserie où sont entrelacées des revendications historiques et actuelles. La recherche explore les rôles et les relations existant entre les acteurs qui interagissent dans les discours sur les réalités locales. Se fondant sur leur économie politique locale, ceux-ci définissent et actualisent leur droit humain fondamental à une vie décente dans la ville ; ils minimisent la rareté de ces biens et services urbains ou s'y adaptent. La recherche s'appuie sur une méthode mixte avec des recherches ethnographiques et des documents d'archives. Elle montre les caractéristiques uniques de ce système de gouvernance particulier, qui est un modèle dans un espace émergent non-conformiste, où les habitants ont un rôle essentiel dans la gouvernance de leur système d'eau par leur utilisation des normes et des systèmes informels. / Cities are made up of assemblages of incoherent wholes which co-exist together in a seemingly placid or tolerating mode of existence. Due to their nature and neo-liberalist policies governing them, the urban services are assumed to be provided in the right quantities and the right time for all, which is not always the case as many interests are at play contesting the powers that are. Water – a basic good and right enshrined in many nations’ constitutions is still a far cry for all, is at the crux of this thesis in which a case study of Soweto East – a routinely marginalized heavily contested ‘ghetto’ space in which the residents have suffered historical neglect and injustice in the provision of basic urban goods and services and a site of several failed development interventions which foster urban injustice and further entrench the lack of the right to dwell in the city- has been used to depict the governance of a water system to ensure resilience and sustainability in the wake of the Sustainable Development Goals. Using the Governance Analytical Framework, this thesis unpackages the contested s(p)laces where dwellers have democratically organized themselves to take charge of their destiny by creating systems that utilize both the statutory norms and informal norms in differing measures to ensure that they can lay claim on water services. The system boasts of a rich interwoven tapestry of both historical and current claims for its being. The research explores the different roles and relationships existing between the various actors who move in between discourses of the local realities, relying on their local political economy to define or adapt to the actualization of the basic human right to a descent livelihood in the city and minimize the scarcity of these urban goods and services. Mixed method research infused with ethnography and archival material demonstrated the unique governance features of this particular system which is a model of a non-conformist emergent space where the dwellers are critical in governing their water system using the informal norms and systems.

This thesis presents a proposition about a method of study and analysis regarding informality in the local supply created by the marketing of surplus consumption and commercial production of diversified family farming. It was created due to the lack of a similar specific method to study this particular type of phenomenon, namely the presence of informality in the local supply in small urban areas. The concern with the rural exodus, with the consequent change in the relationship rural/urban, as well as the analysis of the importance of these activities of these families having the option to choose or not to remain in their place of origin and its influence on a possible local development integrating rural/urban, were the guiding factors in this study. Thus, it is relevant to prove its existence and evaluate its importance. The used methodology was based on the proposed method giving its methodological procedures, which consist of the following four steps: Stage I - formal data collection of secondary data on the study area, the Regional Development Council of Valley Jaguari (CVJ), typifying the municipalities and choosing the municipality of Mata to proceed this study (a small typical cluster family farm); Stage II - primary data collection, socioeconomic, consumption habits, role of suppliers, using proper form with the sample of households; Stage III data collection through a mini census with the local trade using a proper form of data identification, products sold and their suppliers, and their positions, and Stage IV - held by the sample family producers listed in stages II and III, collected with the use of a specific form their socioeconomic data, productive purposes and their positions. Data analyses showed the predominance of the existence of product consumption in informal households, either by its own production, by donation and the informal trade of surplus products of self-consumption of local family farming, which occurs in a direct way regarding producer/consumer, prevailing a relationship based on trust between the involved parties. The presence of local trade as an informal intermediary was proved to be tenuous. The informal activities have shown to be influential in providing the power to those family farmers to choose to remain or not in its original place. It is concluded that the proposed method is efficient and promising for the study and analysis of informality in the local supply in small urban areas, which is derived mainly through the surplus of self-consumption of the family farming. / Esta tese apresenta a proposição de um método de estudo e análise da informalidade presente na comercialização de produtos excedentes do autoconsumo e da produção comercial diversificada da agricultura familiar no abastecimento local. Ela foi originada pela carência de um método similar específico para se estudar esse tipo particular de fenômeno, qual seja, da presença da informalidade no abastecimento local em pequenos aglomerados urbanos. A preocupação com o êxodo rural, com consequente mudança na relação rural/urbano, bem como a análise da importância dessas atividades no poder dessas famílias na opção de escolha em permanecer ou não em seu local de origem e sua influência em um possível desenvolvimento local integrado rural/urbano foram os fatores norteadores deste estudo. Dessa forma, torna-se relevante comprovar sua existência e avaliar sua importância. Quanto à metodologia utilizada, foi baseada no método proposto originando os procedimentos metodológicos adotados, que consistem na sequência de quatro etapas descritas no referido método: Etapa I − levantamento de dados secundários formais sobre a área em estudo, o Conselho Regional de Desenvolvimento Vale do Jaguari (CVJ), tipificando-se os municípios e escolhendo-se o município de Mata para a sequência do trabalho (pequeno aglomerado típico da agricultura familiar); Etapa II − levantamento de dados primários, socioeconômicos, hábitos de consumo, produtores fornecedores e posicionamentos, com o uso de formulário próprio junto à amostra de domicílios; Etapa III − levantamento por minicenso junto ao comércio local com formulário próprio, de dados de identificação, produtos comercializados e seus fornecedores, e posicionamentos; e Etapa IV − realizada junto à amostra de produtores familiares relacionados nas etapas II e III, verificando-se, com uso de formulário específico, seus dados socioeconômicos, finalidades produtivas e seus posicionamentos. A análise dos dados demonstrou o predomínio da existência do consumo de produtos informais nos domicílios, seja por produção própria, por doação e pelo comércio informal de produtos excedentes do autoconsumo da agricultura familiar local, a qual ocorre de forma direta produtor/consumidor, valendo-se de uma relação marcada pela confiança entre as partes envolvidas. A presença do comércio local como intermediário informal se mostrou tênue. As atividades informais mostraram-se influentes em propiciar o poder de escolha de esses produtores familiares permanecerem ou não em seu local de origem. Conclui-se que o método proposto se mostrou eficiente e promissor para o estudo e análise da informalidade no abastecimento local originada no excedente do autoconsumo da agricultura familiar em pequenos aglomerados urbanos.

I examine the impact of a health insurance program for the poor implemented in Indonesia in 2005 on labor supply and informal work measured by employment status outside of the private and public formal sector. As a first step to its ambitious plan for universal coverage, this program extended subsidized health insurance coverage to a large proportion of Indonesia’s poor and near-poor population. Using a rich longitudinal survey, I estimate the average treatment effect on the treated using a combined propensity score matching method with difference in differences. The richness of the data allows me to control for a set of observable characteristics used by the government to allocate the benefit as well as an extensive combination of controls at the individual, household and community level. I find a significant negative impact on labor supply. This impact is driven by women, both at the intensive and extensive margin of labor supply. These results are in line with the fact that individuals with higher value for health insurance are more inclined to modify their labor market behavior. This decrease in labor supply has important policy implications as it may cause a negative impact on economic development, poverty and socioeconomic status of women. The results are not suggestive of an impact on informality. This lack of an effect on informal status is encouraging for developing countries in the verge of implementing universal care reform.

Magister Administrationis - MAdmin / In assessing government ECD policy, this thesis focuses on three areas; access, quality, and costs. The study draws on interviews with key stakeholders working within the ECD sector generally, and uses survey data from a case study of Brown's Farm area in Cape Town. The research found that, some ten years down the line, ECD provision is still mostly privately provided by the informal sector through community-based facilities. Both formal and informal ECD facilities are unevenly spatially distributed such that they do not yet reach the most vulnerable poor children, especially in rural areas and informal settlements.

La presente tesis de suficiencia profesional pretende analizar la sistematización electrónica y su impacto tributario de las mypes del sector textil de la Av. Prolongación Gamarra. La sistematización electrónica abarca varios campos, es por esto por lo que en la presente tesis solo se comentará sobre la facturación electrónica y los libros electrónicos; así como su relación con las contingencias tributarias, cultura tributaria por parte de las mypes y el impacto tributario. Este trabajo se basará en las mypes del sector textil, específicamente ubicados en la Av. Prolongación Gamarra en el distrito de la Victoria, puesto que se considera pertinente e importante que las mypes comprendan que los cambios referentes a sistematización electrónica tendrán un impacto tributario hacia el futuro, llegando a que la Administración Tributaria pueda tener la data suficiente para llevar a cabo la liquidación mensual. Por tal razón, se desarrolla este trabajo de investigación esperando que sirva como base para tener conocimiento de los cambios que surgirán en el futuro, y la complejidad de adoptar estos cambios. Para validar y sustentar las hipótesis planteadas se utilizaron instrumentos cualitativos, tales como entrevistas en detalle, e instrumentos cuantitativos, tales como encuestas. Se realizaron entrevistas a expertos tributarios y encuestas a una muestra en el sector mype. Adicionalmente, se desarrollará un caso constructivo donde se aplica el proceso de sistematización electrónica acorde a la normativa vigente, evaluando el impacto tributario en el proceso de envío a la plataforma de SUNAT. Finalmente, esta investigación se está desarrollando en base a la normativa vigente hasta el mes de noviembre del 2018. / The purpose of this professional sufficiency thesis is to analyse the electronic systematization and their tax impact of the MSE of the textile sector of the Av. Prolongación Gamarra. The systematization electronics covers various fields, that's why, in this thesis, only comment on e-invoicing and e-books; as well as its relationship with the tax contingencies, tax culture by MSE and tax impact. This work will be based on MSE of the textile sector, specifically located in the Av. Prolongación Gamarra in Victoria district, since it is considered relevant and important to MSE to understand that changes relating to electronic systematization will have a tax impact into the future, reaching that the tax administration can have sufficient data to carry out the monthly settlement. For that reason, to develop this research hoping that it will serve as a basis for having knowledge of the changes that will arise in the future, and the complexity of adopting these changes. To validate and sustain the hypotheses, qualitative tools are used, such as surveys, and quantitative tools. Interviews were conducted with tax experts and surveys to a sample in the MSE sector. Additionally, we will develop a constructive case where it is applied the systematization process electronics according to the regulations, evaluating the impact of taxation in the shipping process to the platform of SUNAT. Finally, this research is developing on the basis of the regulations in force until the month of november 2018. / Tesis

Diversos ciudadanos de Lima tienen adversidades en los servicios básicos del hogar. Problemas comunes como el atoro de inodoros, una volada de fusible e inclusive daño que imposibilite realizar su vida de manera cotidiana. Así mismo, hay muchos trabajadores informales que pueden dar solución a estos problemas. Las cuales son personas que viven del día a día, y mientras más trabajo tenga, mejor calidad de vida podría alcanzar. Por ello, el objetivo de nuestro proyecto es conectar a estos dos segmentos, a través de una plataforma web, donde podrán encontrar personal capacitado para lo que se requiera. Los proveedores del servicio decidirán entre dos tipos de suscripciones mensuales / y por el lado de los clientes, pagarán una tarifa plana para la revisión de sus problemas. Se tiene la convicción de la viabilidad de este proyecto, basados en los resultados de la investigación de mercado, focus group, entrevistas a expertos y resultados del concierge.