L’interopérabilité entre applications d’entreprise est une problématique à multiples facettes. Pour y répondre, nous avons investigué l’alignement sémantique des connaissances sur les processus et objets métier supportés par les différentes applications d’entreprise. Ces connaissances sont souvent hétérogènes selon les métiers et implémentées de manières diverses, engendrant ainsi des conflits sémantiques dues aux différentes interprétations des acteurs. Nous étudions l’identification de correspondances et/ou de conflits sémantiques entre ces connaissances, plus particulièrement dans le domaine des applications de gestion d’atelier (MES – Manufacturing Execution System). Nous proposons une démarche de formalisation de ces connaissances sous la forme d’un référentiel standardisé conforme à la norme ISO 62264 : "le référentiel MES", ainsi qu’une démarche d’enrichissement de ce référentiel par alignements successifs avec d’autres normes et/ou référentiels. Nous définissons ainsi formellement un méta-modèle qui décrit les relations sémantiques entre les éléments des référentiels à aligner, et des règles de contrôle sémantique pour garder la cohérence du référentiel MES et sa conformité au standard. Enfin, nous présentons une démarche d’alignement des besoins client sur le référentiel MES pour aider à la mise en œuvre des applications d’entreprise. Ce travail de recherche a été réalisé dans le cadre d’un projet de Recherche et Développement soutenu par le cluster économique EDIT de la région Rhône-Alpes, et sur ses résultats ont été utilisés dans une nouvelle offre de « MES à la carte ». / Interoperability between enterprise applications is a multifaceted problem. In response, we have investigated the semantic alignment of business process and object knowledge supported by enterprise applications. This knowledge is heterogeneous across business and is implemented in different ways, generating semantic conflicts due to different interpretations of the actors. We study the identification of correspondences and/or conflicts between semantic knowledge, especially in the field of Manufacturing Execution System (MES). We propose an approach to formalize knowledge as a standardized repository ISO 62264 compliant: the "MES repository", and an approach to enhance the MES repository by successive alignments with other standards and/or repositories. Thus, we formally define a meta-model that describes the semantic relationships between elements of the aligned repositories, and semantic control rules to keep MES repository consistency and its ISO compliance. Finally, we present an approach to align customer needs with the MES repository, in order to assist the implementation of enterprise applications. This PhD thesis was conducted as part of a research and development project supported by the economic Cluster Edit (Rhône-Alpes, France), and its results have been used in the new proposal “on demand MES”.

Dans cette thèse, nous traitons les systèmes d’information hospitaliers (SIH), nous analysons leurs problématiques de conception, d’interopérabilité et de communication, dans l’objectif de contribuer à la conception d’un SIH canonique, coopératif, et communicant, ainsi de modéliser les échanges entre ses composants et également avec les autres systèmes impliqués dans la prise en charge du patient dans un réseau de soin. Nous proposons une structure et un modèle de conception d’un SIH canonique en se basant sur trois concepts principaux responsables de la production de l’information médicale, à savoir, le cas pathologique, le Poste de Production de l’Information Médicale (PPIM) et l’activité médicale elle même. Cette dernière, étant modélisée sur la notion d’arbre, permettra une meilleure structuration du processus de soin.Autant, dans l’optique d'assurer la continuité de soins, nous fournissons un modèle d’échange de données médicales à base du standard XML. Ce modèle consiste en un ensemble de données pertinentes organisées autours de cinq catégories : les données du patient, les données sur les antécédents du patient, les données de l’activité médicale, les données des prescriptions médicales et les données sur les documents médicaux (images, compte rendu…).Enfin, nous décrivons une solution d’intégration des systèmes d’information hospitaliers. La solution est inspirée de l’ingénierie des systèmes d’information coopératifs et consiste en une architecture de médiation structurée en trois niveaux : le niveau système d’information, le niveau médiation, et le niveau utilisateur. L’architecture propose une organisation modulaire des systèmes d'information hospitaliers et contribue à satisfaire l’intégration des données, des fonctions et du workflow de l’information médicale. / In this thesis, we deal with hospital information systems (HIS), we analyze their design issues, interoperability and communication, with the aim of contributing to the design of a canonical, cooperative, and communicative HIS, and model the exchanges between its components and also with other systems involved in the management of patient in a healthcare network.We propose a structure and a conceptual model of a canonical HIS based on three main concepts involved in the production of healthcare data, namely, the pathological case, the Production Post of Healthcare Data (PPHD) and medical activity itself. The latter, being modeled as a tree, will allow better structuring of the care process.However, in view of ensuring continuity of care, we provide an XML-based model for exchanging medical data. This model consists of a set of relevant data organized around five categories: patient data, data on patient history, data of medical activity, data of medical prescriptions and medical records data (images, reporting ...).Finally, we describe a solution for integrating hospital information systems. The solution is inspired by the engineering of cooperatives information systems and consists of mediation-based architecture, structured into three levels: the level of information systems, the level of mediation, and the user level. The architecture offers a modular organization of hospital information systems and helps to insure data, function and workflow integration.

Le travail de recherche présenté dans ce mémoire s’intéresse aux problèmes d’interopérabilité dans le domaine du Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) et vise à proposer une méthodologie capable d’y remédier. Nous définissons l’objectif stratégique du PLM comme la maîtrise de la complexité qui caractérise le développement et le suivi des produits. Dans ce cadre, l’objectif de l’interopérabilité est le contrôle des interactions entre constituants de ce système complexe PLM. Nous montrons que cet objectif est atteint si on assure la continuité et la conservation du flux sémantique qui circule dans le système. Notre étude est restreinte aux seuls domaines de la conception et de la production, mais a l’ambition de pouvoir s’appliquer à d’autres domaines. La continuité du flux sémantique est assurée par une architecture que nous avons baptisée « médiation multi-échelle orientée services ». Le cœur de cette architecture, le médiateur, se charge d’orienter les flux sémantiques vers les systèmes concernés, et met en correspondance sémantique les informations échangées en s’appuyant sur un méta-modèle d’unification. Nous montrons que pour assurer la robustesse, la flexibilité et l’agilité du système ainsi constitué, il faut privilégier le choix d’un méta-modèle standard générique et extensible. A cet effet, nous proposons une cartographie du standard STEP permettant de choisir le méta-modèle pertinent. Nous illustrons le choix et la définition de ce méta-modèle dans le cas de deux problèmes d’interopérabilité des domaines de la conception et de la production : l’interopérabilité CAO/PDM et l’interopérabilité PDM/ERP. Nous expliquons notre démarche dans la mise en œuvre de la norme PLCS. Par ailleurs, nous introduisons un modèle d’annotations sémantiques du produit qui permet de reconstruire des vues multiples correspondant à différents besoins métiers. Un ensemble de démonstrateurs permet de valider nos propositions et nos résultats. / Research work presented in this manuscript deals with interoperability issues in the domain of Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) and aims at proposing a methodology able to remedy it. We define the objective of PLM as the control of the complexity that characterizes the development and monitoring of the product. In this context, the objective of the interoperability is to control the interactions between components of this PLM complex system. We demonstrate that this objective is reached if we ensure the continuity and the conservation of the semantic flow inside the system. Our study is restricted to design and production fields, but can be extended to other domains. The continuity of the semantic flow is guaranteed by an architecture that we entitled “service-oriented multi-layered mediation”. The main part of this architecture, the mediator, takes care to orientate the semantic flows towards the adequate systems, and semantically connect the exchanged information by relying on an unification meta-model. We demonstrate that, to ensure the robustness the flexibility and the agility of the so-constituted system, the choice of a generic and extensible standard meta-model should be favored. We thus proposed a mapping of STEP standard allowing to choose the adequate meta-model. We illustrate the choice and the definition of this meta-model in the case of two interoperability problems in the design and production domains: the interoperability CAD/PDM and the interoperability PDM/ERP. We illustrate our methodology in the implementation of the PLCS standard. Moreover, we introduce a model of product semantic tags that allows to rebuild the multiple product views corresponding to different actor needs. A set of demonstrators validate our propositions and our results.

Simulações computacionais são um recurso de grande valia no projeto do edifício, particularmente na área de desempenho ambiental, permitindo predizer fenômenos complexos como desempenho térmico, lumínico, acústico e energético dos edifícios e de seu entorno. O surgimento do BIM (Building Information Modeling ou Modelagem da Informação da Construção), por sua vez, forneceu aos profissionais da indústria da construção novas ferramentas para auxiliar na criação e gestão da informação da construção. Ao combinar um modelo 3D com um banco de dados único do projeto, BIM acaba por reduzir a perda de informação e o retrabalho, permitindo o trabalho colaborativo e aumentando a confiabilidade e rastreabilidade das informações do projeto ao longo do ciclo de vida da construção. Muito antes do BIM, ferramentas de simulação de desempenho do edifício (Building Performance Simulation - BPS, na sigla em inglês) já empregavam modelos 3D, o que significa que especialistas de avaliação ambiental do edifício frequentemente tinham que modelar o edifício - e remodelá-lo cada vez que o projeto fosse alterado - dentro destas ferramentas de modo a executar as análises de desempenho. Neste contexto, a integração entre ferramentas BIM e BPS é fundamental para aumentar a eficiência de uma indústria da construção altamente fragmentada. Nos últimos anos, muitos pesquisadores têm se focado em alcançar tal integração. Este estudo sintetiza as pesquisas nesta questão por meio da revisão sistemática de mais de 250 pesquisas publicadas mundialmente no período de 1991 a 2015. Os resultados mostram que, apesar de um aumento significativo no número de estudos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, a plena integração entre BIM e BPS é um assunto complexo e continua sendo um desafio. Esta revisão sistemática produziu um diagnóstico abrangente e contribui com pesquisadores por revelar padrões, tendências e lacunas da área de pesquisa, orientando assim futuros esforços de pesquisa. / Computer simulations are a valuable resource in building design, notably in the environmental performance field, enabling designers and engineers to predict complex phenomena such as thermal, lighting, acoustic and energy performance. The emergence of BIM (Building Information Modeling), in turn, provided these professionals with new tools to assist in the creating and managing of building information. By combining a 3D model to a unique project database, BIM ultimately reduces the loss of information and rework, allowing collaborative work and increasing reliability and traceability of the project information throughout the construction lifecycle. Long before BIM, Building Performance Simulation (BPS) tools already employed 3D models, meaning that simulationists frequently had to model the building - and remodel it as many times as the design changed - within these tools in order to run performance analyses. In this context, the integration of BIM and BPS tools is critical to increase efficiency of a highly fragmented construction industry. In the past years, many researchers have been focusing on achieving this integration. This study summarizes research on this topic by systematically reviewing over 250 researches published worldwide from 1991 to 2015. Results show that, despite a significant increase in the number of studies published in the last five years, fully integration between BIM and BPS is a complex subject and remains a challenge. This systematic review produced a comprehensive diagnosis and contributes with researchers by revealing patterns, trends and gaps of the research area, orientating future research efforts.

La compétitivité toujours plus importante et la mondialisation ont mis l'industrie manufacturière au défi de rationaliser les différentes façons de mettre sur le marché de nouveaux produits dans un délai court, avec des prix compétitifs tout en assurant des niveaux de qualité élevés. Le PDP moderne exige simultanément la collaboration de plusieurs groupes de travail qui assurent la création et l’échange d’information avec des points de vue multiples dans et à travers les frontières institutionnelles. Dans ce contexte, des problèmes d’interopérabilité sémantique ont été identifiés en raison de l'hétérogénéité des informations liées à des points de vue différents et leurs relations pour le développement de produits. Le travail présenté dans ce mémoire propose un cadre conceptuel d’interopération pour la conception et la fabrication de produits. Ce cadre est basé sur un ensemble d’ontologies clés, de base d’ingénierie et sur des approches de cartographie sémantique. Le cadre soutient les mécanismes qui permettent la conciliation sémantique en termes de partage, conversion et traduction, tout en améliorant la capacité de partage des connaissances entre les domaines hétérogènes qui doivent interopérer. La recherche a particulièrement porté sur la conception et la fabrication de produits tournants en plastique et explore les points particuliers de la malléabilité - la conception et la fabrication de moules. Un système expérimental a été proposé à l’aide de l'outil Protégé pour modéliser des ontologies de base et d’une plateforme Java intégrée à Jena pour développer l'interface avec l'utilisateur. Le concept et la mise en œuvre de cette recherche ont été testés par des expériences en utilisant des produits tournants en plastiques. Les résultats ont montré que l'information et ses relations rigoureusement définies peuvent assurer l'efficacité de la conception et la fabrication du produit dans un processus de développement de produits moderne et collaboratif / Global competitiveness has challenged manufacturing industry to rationalise different ways of bringing to the market new products in a short lead-time with competitive prices while ensuring higher quality levels. Modern PDP has required simultaneously collaborations of multiple groups, producing and exchanging information from multi-perspectives within and across institutional boundaries. However, it has been identified semantic interoperability issues in view of the information heterogeneity from multiple perspectives and their relationships across product development. This research proposes a conceptual framework of an Interoperable Product Design and Manufacturing based on a set of core ontological foundations and semantic mapping approaches. This framework has been particularly instantiated for the design and manufacturing of plastic injection moulded rotational products and has explored the particular viewpoints of moldability, mould design and manufacturing. The research approach explored particular information structures to support Design and Manufacture application. Subsequently, the relationships between these information structures have been investigated and the semantics reconciliation has been designed through mechanisms to convert, share and translate information from the multi-perspectives. An experimental system has been performed using the Protégé tool to model the core ontologies and the Java platform integrated with the Jena to develop the interface with the user. The conceptual framework proposed in this research has been tested through experiments using rotational plastic products. Therefore, this research has shown that information rigorously-defined and their well-defined relationships can ensure the effectiveness of product design and manufacturing in a modern and collaborative PDP

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:31:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andreiwid Sheffer Correa.pdf: 4501821 bytes, checksum: 3d9f7fecc118ff0dc70b11ea481d5e67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-23 / The unstructured and unplanned implementation of technological solutions leads to wastage of resources and imposes itself as a barrier to achieving the potential benefits of information technologies and communication. The problem increases when managers who operate these technologies are part of the public administration, as structural issues make this scenario open for merely temporary, strictly proprietary, experimental or doomed to obsolescence solutions, resulting in interoperability problems. Thus, the possible damage extrapolates financial issues and compromise expected social return. In an attempt to avoid this problem, several countries are developing and adopting government interoperability frameworks to guide their actions in electronic government. These architectures expose successful solutions for technical, semantic and organizational dimension of interoperability, and reflect on the best path according to the understanding of its government. However, specifically for the technical dimension, there is no way to evaluate the effectiveness of these architectures and assess how the solutions are interoperable. This work aims to propose a maturity model for technical interoperability in order to assess the use of standards and assist software and systems engineers, as well as professionals in general, to focus their efforts on the use of recommended technologies by good practices. It has been based on e-PING architecture, which is the Brazilian standard for interoperability. In addition, this work proposes the development and use of a rule-based system that implements fuzzy logic to assist evaluation and adherence to the model. To verify model feasibility and validate the developed system, this paper also uses a real scenario as the basis of analysis of interoperability. / A implementa??o desestruturada e n?o planejada de solu??es tecnol?gicas ? fonte de desperd?cio de recursos e imp?e-se como barreira para obten??o dos potenciais benef?cios do uso das tecnologias da informa??o e comunica??o. O problema acentua-se quando gestores dessas tecnologias atuam para a administra??o p?blica, pois quest?es estruturais fazem com que este cen?rio abra espa?o para solu??es pontuais e transit?rias, estritamente propriet?rias, experimentais ou fadadas ? obsolesc?ncia, o que resulta em problemas de interoperabilidade. Desse modo, os poss?veis danos extrapolam o sentido financeiro por comprometer o retorno social esperado. Na tentativa de contornar essa quest?o, v?rios pa?ses v?m desenvolvendo e adotando as arquiteturas de interoperabilidade governamentais para orientar suas a??es de governo eletr?nico. Essas arquiteturas buscam evidenciar, a partir dos aspectos t?cnicos, sem?nticos ou organizacionais, as solu??es bem sucedidas e aceitas universalmente, al?m de refletirem o melhor caminho para a interoperabilidade, segundo o entendimento de cada governo. No entanto, especificamente para o aspecto t?cnico, n?o existe um meio para avaliar a efetiva utiliza??o dessas arquiteturas e aferir o qu?o interoper?veis as solu??es se encontram. Este trabalho visa propor um modelo de maturidade para interoperabilidade t?cnica com o objetivo de medir o uso de padr?es de interoperabilidade e auxiliar engenheiros de softwares e de sistemas, assim como profissionais em geral, a direcionar seus esfor?os no emprego de tecnologias consagradas pelas boas pr?ticas de mercado. Tem-se, como base para a constru??o do modelo, a arquitetura e-PING, que ? o padr?o brasileiro de interoperabilidade. Adicionalmente, este trabalho prop?e o desenvolvimento e utiliza??o de um sistema baseado em regras que emprega l?gica nebulosa para auxiliar no processo de avalia??o da ader?ncia ao modelo. Para verifica??o da viabilidade do modelo e valida??o do sistema desenvolvido, este trabalho tamb?m utiliza um cen?rio real para servir de base de an?lise da interoperabilidade.

A interoperabilidade entre equipamentos ou aplicativos (software) de tecnologias baseadas em redes de campo (fieldbus) é de suma importância nos sistemas de automação, pois permite a integração dos mesmos, de diferentes fabricantes. A integração é feita por uma linguagem de comunicação comum usada entre as diferentes tecnologias heterogêneas. No nível do software configurador FOUNDATION fieldbus (FF) de dispositivos e de malhas de controle, a linguagem usada para garantir a interoperabilidade entre os dispositivos é provida pela tecnologia de descrição de dispositivos chamada Electronic Device Description (EDD), que é proprietária e de complexo desenvolvimento para o fabricante, definida pela fieldbus Foundation. As tecnologias de software abertas e não-proprietárias têm apresentado um grande crescimento nos últimos anos, em especial a tecnologia eXtensible Markup language (XML), que se tornou mundialmente conhecida devido à integração de aplicativos internet, tornando-os assim interoperáveis uns com os outros. É proposta neste trabalho uma tecnologia de descrição de dispositivos aberta, não-proprietária e de simples desenvolvimento (para o fabricante), baseada na tecnologia XML, que é chamada de Open-EDD (Open Eletronic Device Description). A criação dessa tecnologia engloba a definição da linguagem Open-EDDML (Open Eletronic Device Description Markup Language), a modelagem do XML schema e o projeto e implementação de um interpretador (parser). Para validação dessa tecnologia, é feita a integração da mesma em um configurador real e testes usando dispositivos FF. / The interoperability among devices or software based on fieldbus technologies is becoming increasingly requested and demanded because it allows the integration of devices or software from different manufacturers. The integration is implemented through a common communication language used among the different heterogeneous technologies. In the FOUNDATION fieldbus configurator software is used to provide interoperability among devices a proprietary and complex technology (to be developed by manufacturers), known as Electronic Device Description (EDD) that is defined by the fieldbus Foundation. Meanwhile, open and non-proprietary software technologies have presented a great growth in the last years, especially the eXtensible Markup language (XML) technology, which has became worldwide known due to the integration of internet (heterogeneous) applications. This study proposes a new open, non-proprietary and simple (for manufacturer development) device description based on XML, that is named Open-EDD (Open Electronic Device Description). The creation of this technology includes the definition of the language Open-EDDML (Open Electronic Device Description Markup Language), modeling the XML Schema, projecting and implementing the parser. This technology is validated by integrating it to an existent configurator and testing it using FF devices.

La thèse a parcouru les étapes de l’affirmation progressive d’une véritable politique infrastructurelle européenne cohérente, en examinant trois volets : juridique, institutionnel et financier. Tout d’abord, la thèse a souligné le processus d’autonomisation horizontale (rapport de complémentarité et spécialité vis-à-vis d’autres politiques de l’UE) et verticale («communautarisation ») de la politique de réseaux transeuropéens. En deuxième lieu, l’analyse a mis en évidence le rôle des différents processus d’institutionnalisation et « d’intégration organique » des régulateurs nationaux entrepris par le législateur européen dans la centralisation et la communautarisation de la politique des réseaux. Enfin, la thèse a relevé l’affirmation du caractère central de l’aide financière de l’UE à la création de réseaux, accompagnée par une dérogation partielle des limites imposées par le droit européen aux politiques budgétaires expansionnistes des États membres. / The thesis highlights the development of a coherent and instrumental european infrastructure policy. First, the thesis shows the process of vertical (communitarization) and horizontal (complementarity and specialty vis-à-vis other EU policies) autonomisation of Trans-European Networks (TENs) policy. Secondly, the thesis points out the role played by the processes of « networkation » and « agencification » of national regulators in promoting interconnection and access to networks. Finally, the thesis emphasises the growing relevance of EU financial support to the establishment of TENs, and a competing tendency towards the reconciliation of national expansionary fiscal policy with EU law constraints. The thesis concludes by noting that Member States will continue to play a decisive role in TENs policy, not only by improving the actual degree of its implementation, but also allowing, in a forthcoming Treaty revision, to overcome the TENs intergovernmental legacy. / Le reti transeuropee sono uno dei vettori della competitività, dell’integrazione e dello sviluppo sostenibile dell’Unione. La tesi mette in luce la progressiva affermazione di una coerente politica infrastrutturale europea a carattere strumentale, esaminando tale evoluzione sotto tre profili: normativo, istituzionale e finanziario. In primo luogo, sotto il profilo normativo, la tesi evidenzia, da un lato, la progressiva emancipazione delle istituzioni dell’Unione dall’influenza degli Stati membri nell’esercizio delle proprie competenze in materia di reti transeuropee e, dall’altro, lo sviluppo di relazioni di complementarietà e specialità tra la politica di reti e altre politiche dell’Unione (capitoli 1 e 2). L’elaborato sottolinea, in secondo luogo, sotto il profilo istituzionale, il ruolo del processo di «integrazione organica» dei regolatori nazionali e del processo di «agenzificazione» nel perseguimento degli obiettivi di interconnessione e accesso alle reti nazionali. La tesi osserva, infine, sotto il profilo finanziario, l’accresciuta importanza del sostegno finanziario dell’UE alla costituzione delle reti, che si è accompagnata al parziale superamento dei limiti derivanti dal diritto dell’UE alla politiche di spesa pubblica infrastrutturale degli Stati membri. Da un lato rispetto al diritto della concorrenza e, in particolare, al divieto di aiuti di stato, grazie al rapporto funzionale tra reti e prestazione di servizi di interesse economico generale, e dall’altro lato riguardo ai vincoli di bilancio, attraverso un’interpretazione evolutiva della cd. investment clause del Patto di stabilità e crescita. La tesi, in conclusione, rileva gli sviluppi decisivi della politica di reti europea, ma sottolinea il ruolo che gli Stati membri sono destinati a continuare ad esercitare nel suo sviluppo. Da questi ultimi, infatti, dipende la concreta attuazione di tale politica, ma anche il definitivo superamento, in occasione di una prossima revisione dei Trattati, dei retaggi intergovernativi che continuano a caratterizzare il diritto primario in materia.

A interoperabilidade entre equipamentos ou aplicativos (software) de tecnologias baseadas em redes de campo (fieldbus) é de suma importância nos sistemas de automação, pois permite a integração dos mesmos, de diferentes fabricantes. A integração é feita por uma linguagem de comunicação comum usada entre as diferentes tecnologias heterogêneas. No nível do software configurador FOUNDATION fieldbus (FF) de dispositivos e de malhas de controle, a linguagem usada para garantir a interoperabilidade entre os dispositivos é provida pela tecnologia de descrição de dispositivos chamada Electronic Device Description (EDD), que é proprietária e de complexo desenvolvimento para o fabricante, definida pela fieldbus Foundation. As tecnologias de software abertas e não-proprietárias têm apresentado um grande crescimento nos últimos anos, em especial a tecnologia eXtensible Markup language (XML), que se tornou mundialmente conhecida devido à integração de aplicativos internet, tornando-os assim interoperáveis uns com os outros. É proposta neste trabalho uma tecnologia de descrição de dispositivos aberta, não-proprietária e de simples desenvolvimento (para o fabricante), baseada na tecnologia XML, que é chamada de Open-EDD (Open Eletronic Device Description). A criação dessa tecnologia engloba a definição da linguagem Open-EDDML (Open Eletronic Device Description Markup Language), a modelagem do XML schema e o projeto e implementação de um interpretador (parser). Para validação dessa tecnologia, é feita a integração da mesma em um configurador real e testes usando dispositivos FF. / The interoperability among devices or software based on fieldbus technologies is becoming increasingly requested and demanded because it allows the integration of devices or software from different manufacturers. The integration is implemented through a common communication language used among the different heterogeneous technologies. In the FOUNDATION fieldbus configurator software is used to provide interoperability among devices a proprietary and complex technology (to be developed by manufacturers), known as Electronic Device Description (EDD) that is defined by the fieldbus Foundation. Meanwhile, open and non-proprietary software technologies have presented a great growth in the last years, especially the eXtensible Markup language (XML) technology, which has became worldwide known due to the integration of internet (heterogeneous) applications. This study proposes a new open, non-proprietary and simple (for manufacturer development) device description based on XML, that is named Open-EDD (Open Electronic Device Description). The creation of this technology includes the definition of the language Open-EDDML (Open Electronic Device Description Markup Language), modeling the XML Schema, projecting and implementing the parser. This technology is validated by integrating it to an existent configurator and testing it using FF devices.

Simulações computacionais são um recurso de grande valia no projeto do edifício, particularmente na área de desempenho ambiental, permitindo predizer fenômenos complexos como desempenho térmico, lumínico, acústico e energético dos edifícios e de seu entorno. O surgimento do BIM (Building Information Modeling ou Modelagem da Informação da Construção), por sua vez, forneceu aos profissionais da indústria da construção novas ferramentas para auxiliar na criação e gestão da informação da construção. Ao combinar um modelo 3D com um banco de dados único do projeto, BIM acaba por reduzir a perda de informação e o retrabalho, permitindo o trabalho colaborativo e aumentando a confiabilidade e rastreabilidade das informações do projeto ao longo do ciclo de vida da construção. Muito antes do BIM, ferramentas de simulação de desempenho do edifício (Building Performance Simulation - BPS, na sigla em inglês) já empregavam modelos 3D, o que significa que especialistas de avaliação ambiental do edifício frequentemente tinham que modelar o edifício - e remodelá-lo cada vez que o projeto fosse alterado - dentro destas ferramentas de modo a executar as análises de desempenho. Neste contexto, a integração entre ferramentas BIM e BPS é fundamental para aumentar a eficiência de uma indústria da construção altamente fragmentada. Nos últimos anos, muitos pesquisadores têm se focado em alcançar tal integração. Este estudo sintetiza as pesquisas nesta questão por meio da revisão sistemática de mais de 250 pesquisas publicadas mundialmente no período de 1991 a 2015. Os resultados mostram que, apesar de um aumento significativo no número de estudos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, a plena integração entre BIM e BPS é um assunto complexo e continua sendo um desafio. Esta revisão sistemática produziu um diagnóstico abrangente e contribui com pesquisadores por revelar padrões, tendências e lacunas da área de pesquisa, orientando assim futuros esforços de pesquisa. / Computer simulations are a valuable resource in building design, notably in the environmental performance field, enabling designers and engineers to predict complex phenomena such as thermal, lighting, acoustic and energy performance. The emergence of BIM (Building Information Modeling), in turn, provided these professionals with new tools to assist in the creating and managing of building information. By combining a 3D model to a unique project database, BIM ultimately reduces the loss of information and rework, allowing collaborative work and increasing reliability and traceability of the project information throughout the construction lifecycle. Long before BIM, Building Performance Simulation (BPS) tools already employed 3D models, meaning that simulationists frequently had to model the building - and remodel it as many times as the design changed - within these tools in order to run performance analyses. In this context, the integration of BIM and BPS tools is critical to increase efficiency of a highly fragmented construction industry. In the past years, many researchers have been focusing on achieving this integration. This study summarizes research on this topic by systematically reviewing over 250 researches published worldwide from 1991 to 2015. Results show that, despite a significant increase in the number of studies published in the last five years, fully integration between BIM and BPS is a complex subject and remains a challenge. This systematic review produced a comprehensive diagnosis and contributes with researchers by revealing patterns, trends and gaps of the research area, orientating future research efforts.