This Master's Degree Thesis is devoted to the study of Foreign Trade Development between the Czech Republic and those Latin American countries to which the CR attributes territorial preferences, i.e. Brazil and Mexico. International trade has gained a lot on importance in the past century, distances became shorter and the world globalized. Businesses search for new markets, new challenges and new clients. Czech companies are following the same trends. Mexico and Brazil are becoming important partners. Over the years of existence of the CR the mutual exchange with these two countries increased eight times and there are still a lot of unexploited possibilities. Brazil and Mexico are two fast growing countries with more than 100 million inhabitants. Even though they rank among poorer countries, the level of life of their inhabitants is rising and the effective demand as well. Czech products have a very good reputation in these areas, still leveraging the advantage of the well-perceived label "Made in Czechoslovakia", which has always been considered a guarantee of quality. Currently Czech products are considered as having good price-quality rapport, the best combination the client can wish. In this thesis, I am characterizing the political and economical situation of Brazil and Mexico, taking insight into the development of trade exchange between the CR and these two countries, mentioning fairs and other actions to support Czech products in the Brazilian and Mexican markets, introducing the reader to the culture of those regions and describing the situation of actual Czech companies present on the Brazilian market. I am convinced that the possibilities of collaboration between the CR and these two countries aren't yet fully exploited and that there will be a continuous growth in mutual trade exchange.

"Reading the Narcosphere: A Queer Hemispheric Critique of Narco Cultural Production," analyzes the emergence of contemporary drug politics (drug trade and drug war) as a dominant cultural narrative of the public sphere, producing what I call the narco-sphere. Drawing from theories on sexuality, subjectivity and biopolitics, I examine the intractability and interconnectedness of social relations of race, gender, and class in narco cultural production by building on critical work in social and political theory as well as narco studies. Rather than merely reflecting on the effects of the ongoing drug war, narco cultural texts about Colombia, Mexico, and the U.S.-Mexico border produce relations of power that while intending to critique drug culture and neoliberalism, reify complicit social hierarchies through discourses of difference that promote marginalization and exclusion of vulnerable subjects. Through readings of cultural texts such as Jorge Franco's Rosario Tijeras, Lourdes Portillo’s Señorita Extraviada, Fernando Vallejo's Our Lady of the Assassins, and Luis Estrada’s film El Infierno, I further demonstrate how the social relations portrayed are not simply endemic to the drug trade and the drug war but instead are deployments of power in accordance with neoliberalism and neocolonialism. Through my notion of the narco-sphere and a queer critique, I offer a more incisive way to read difference within western hemispheric cultural politics.

Peronism has been one of the most widely used terms in the context of Argentinean politics, history and culture over the last 60 years. In spite of the fact that there is no official definition of the term, many different political strategies in Argentina are referred to as Peronist. Why is it so complicated to define the concept of Peronism? What does it really mean when Argentinean presidents claim to be Peronists? This thesis is based on the hypothesis that Peronism is primarily brand of political populist projects. The first chapter classifies the concept of populism, the second chapter deals with the particular populism in Latin America and the third chapter analyzes the individual mandates of Peronist presidents. The analysis strongly supports the working hypothesis.

This thesis concerns the marketing, appropriation and consumption of affect in contemporary Cuban tourism. Since its rapid development to generate hard currency during the economic crisis of the 1990s, tourism has become the centre of the Cuban economy. More recently, following the radical reforms brought in under Raúl Castro, changes in private enterprise ventures have expanded touristic contact spaces beyond the previous controls of the formal sector. A range of services has emerged, responding to tourists’ demands to have an intimate, authentic experience of Cuba. Using the lens of affective capital, this study combines a consideration of this complex, rapidly-changing context with two further facets of the phenomenon: an analysis of the affective dimensions of Cuba’s representation in touristic texts, such as marketing, guidebooks, travel literature and online forums, and a discussion of the affective negotiations between host and guest on the ground. The strategic appropriation of affective capital identified in this thesis offers an original perspective on revolutionary Cuba’s tourism development. The resurgence of sex tourism since the resurrection of the tourism industry has been the dominant focus of previous scholarship, ignoring the wider ‘market of feelings’ that operates through tourism. In particular, approaches have been quick to emphasise the incongruity of prostitution in the context of revolutionary socialism, offering one-dimensional analyses of the state and the Cuban population. In addition, approaches from Tourism Studies have tended to be tourist-centric. This thesis draws together these actors with a dialogic approach in order to reveal some key complexities. The mixed methods approach combines textual analysis with some participative methods, carried out during a fieldwork trip in 2012, to address the connections between the lived realities of affective capital in Cuban tourism, the discourses that constitute it, and the social context. The findings reveal that Cuba is cast as a site of affective wealth through certain discourses and practices of tourism. Firstly, in describing the ways that Cuba is articulated through affective codes in touristic texts, this research reconfigures approaches to tourism’s world-making function through the framework of symbolic capital; it challenges the idea that revolutionary tourism policy is one-dimensional. Secondly, in looking at the lived realities of these discourses, the thesis critically addresses the kinds of negotiations relating to emotional work, bad feelings, and currency by both parties of the tourist encounter; this perspective extends important scholarship on tourism and affect in new directions based on the specificity of the Cuban context.

Latin American film comedies, from the early sound period until the beginnings of the aesthetic and political New Cinemas (1930-1960), mediated modernity in diverse national contexts through affective and aesthetic tactics that shifted the spectator position in the narrative. These film comedies functioned in a mode of "critical realism" that produced historical self-awareness and foregrounded the geopolitical extension and uneven development of modernity. The comedian comedies of Mario "Cantinflas" Moreno (Mexico), Niní Marshall and Luis Sandrini (Argentina), and Oscarito and Grande Otelo (Brazil) demonstrate not only what kind of "peripheral humor" operated within - and traveled beyond - the national context, but also what this kind of humorous social critique reveals about the capacity of film to move viewers, by means of affect, into positions of critical opposition in the public sphere. By examining the linguistic play of these comedians, this study demonstrates four aspects of Latin American comedy that operate via embodiment and spatio-temporal location. First, Cantinflismo had as its basis not merely word play and non-sense, but misdirection, an evasive spatial practice which positioned the viewer to resist social hierarchies within and beyond the nation. Second, Marshall's multiple radio and film characters and her vocal stardom constituted an auditory map of Buenos Aires that created a different spatial intelligibility for her auditors. Third, Sandrini's stutter produced multiple temporalities that, in turn, positioned the audience itself to do a double take regarding its relation to the film text and its location within the standardized time of modernity. Fourth, the palimpsestic parody of the Brazilian chanchanda by Oscarito and Grande Otelo produced an awareness of historicity in a critically realist vein. Taken together, these four parallel examples of comedic practice demonstrate how Latin American film comedies produced a critically proximate spectator capable of perceiving and organizing space and time differently. Affirming that the study of popular film genres should be seen neither as derivate of foreign models nor as defensive authentic cultural expression, the thesis argues that articulating Miriam Hansen's concept of vernacular modernism to Angel Rama's concept of transculturation yields an understanding of popular cinema as a cultural practice of embodiment that foregrounds the differentiated responses to modernization. Furthermore, by re-reading the theories of realism of Gyorgy Lukács and Siegfried Kracauer and the theories of mimesis and innervation of Walter Benjamin through the critical lenses of Henri Bergson and debates about realism in the Latin American literary boom, this study demonstrates how the humor is contingent on thinking within a particular historical context and becoming part of a located collective body. These film comedies produce a critically proximate humorous spectator moved in laughter to examine his/her relation to the film text and his/her historical and geopolitical location within a cultural landscape marked by economic dependency.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第22083号 / 人博第912号 / 新制||人||217(附属図書館) / 2019||人博||912(吉田南総合図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生人間学専攻 / (主査)教授 内田 由紀子, 教授 月浦 崇, 教授 小村 豊 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

The genera of Tingidae of the neotropics are herein diagnosed and a key for their identification is also provided. Five new genera are described from Central America, two from Panama, two from Costa Rica, and one new genus is described from Mexico. This brings the total of neotropical genera to 74. One new species, Mexibyrsa woolleyi is described from Mexico. The Tingidae of southern Central America (Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama) are reviewed in detail. There are now 153 described species spread among 43 genera. Thirty-two new species from southern Central America are described. Identification keys are provided for all species found in the study region. / NDSU Entomology Scholarship Committee / Oswald, John D. (TAMU)

Objective: To evaluate the differences among Primary Care (PC) labor perceptions of medical students from Latin America according to their country. Methods: Observational, analytic and cross-sectional multicountry study that evaluated 9 561 first and fifth-year medical students from 63 medical schools of 11 Latin American countries through a survey. To evaluate the perceptions on the PC work, a previously validated scale was used. Tertiles of the scores were created in order to compare the different countries. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated using simple and multiple Poisson regression. A p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Findings: 52.9% of the subjects were female and the mean age was 20.4±2.9 years. 35.5% were fifth-year students. Statistically significant differences were found between the study subjects’ country, using Peru as reference. Students from Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Paraguay perceived PC work more positively compared with Peruvian students, while those from Ecuador showed less favorable opinions. No differences were found among the perceptions of Bolivian, Salvadoran, Honduran and Venezuelan students when compared to their Peruvian peers. Conclusions: Perceptions of PC among medical students from Latin America vary according to the country. Considering such differences can be of major importance for potential local specific interventions for the improvement of PC in these. / Tesis

Construite, dans un premier temps, de façon économique et commerciale, l’intégration régionale, en tant qu’avatar politique ne saurait se passer du soutien des populations. La Communauté Andine, regroupant la Bolivie, la Colombie, l’Equateur et le Pérou, a déclaré 2011 année andine de l’intégration sociale, et a mis au centre de son agenda les défis de la politique, de l’égalité, de la participation et de l’identité. Ce parti pris est révélateur d’une prise de conscience des enjeux de l’implication des populations dans les processus régionaux et s’inscrit dans une tendance plus générale à l’ouverture du dialogue avec les citoyens andins depuis le milieu des années 2000. Le Secrétariat Général de la CAN a en particulier développé une communication institutionnelle valorisant le sens d’une identité et d’une citoyenneté andine comme vecteurs d’implication et de participation des populations dans le jeu régional. A partir de cette expérience, la présente thèse entend interroger les modalités de mobilisation d’un sentiment d’appartenance des populations dans l’intégration régionale / Formerly constructed on economic and commercial ambitions, regional integration, as a political level, should relay on popular support. The Andean Community that involves Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, declared 2011 as the Andean year of social integration, and put a major focus on the politic, equality, participation and identity challenges. Such a commitment reveals a growing awareness of the popular involvement issues, and is part of a global trend toward a broader dialogue with the populations since the mid-2000s. The CAN General Secretariat developed in particular an institutional communication enhancing the sense of an Andean identity and citizenship as vectors for the involvement and participation ofthe populations in the regional game. From this particular case study, this thesis intends to question the modalities of the mobilization of a sense of belonging in regional integration.

This thesis refers to Latin-American immigration to Spain during the last twenty years (1990 - 2010). This thesis is divided in two main parts. The first part is devoted to a general overview and also to the most important aspects related to the emigration of Latin Americans into Spain. The individual chapters are focused on the following topics: discussion and development of research of immigration in Spain, the roots of Latin American emigration, Spain as the destination of emigrants, migration policy of Spain, the composition of the Latin American population living in Spain, the integration of Latin American immigrants in Spanish labour market and Latin American gangs in Spain. The second part of this thesis is dedicated to a research focusing on the coexistence of Spanish and Latin Americans in the Iberian Peninsula. Based on the survey the following aspects are examined: the reasons of Latin Americans leading to emigration to Spain, experience of Latin American emigrants with attitude of Spanish people towards them, attitude of Spanish towards immigrants and last but not least the integration of Latin American immigrants into the Spanish society. My thesis is based on available materials concerning the issue, i.e. existing studies focusing on immigration at the present time, and statistical...