À l’heure du plein exercice d’une médecine à la logique technoscientifique, fondée sur les preuves et le factuel, appelée aussi Evidence Based Medicine, reposant sur les principes scientifiques de quantification, de visualisation et d’universalité de la biomédecine ; à l’heure d’une santé désormais définie par la statistique, de la souffrance humaine étalonnée sur le modèle du simple fonctionnement cérébral, l’homme postmoderne se trouve pris dans une hyper-médicalisation de l’existence. Ce présent travail de thèse souhaite rendre compte d’une réalité clinique du soin en milieu gérontologique. La logique de rentabilité obsédante, l’évaluation chiffrée systématisée, leur alliance avec la pulsion de mort et les dérives qui en résultent, tant dans leurs discours que dans leurs mises en actes, ainsi que le défi éthique lancé à la société qu’elles représentent devront être analysées. La seule valeur marchande que le patient peut représenter dans la recherche de rendement et de bénéfice nous pousse à interroger directement le devenir de la subjectivité et à poser inévitablement les questions relatives à l’ontologie, à l’anthropologie d’un sujet vivant la postmodernité et réduit, en tant que patient, à incarner ce qu’Hannah Arendt a nommé l’« Œuvre ». Car en effet : cette postmodernité dont nous sommes contemporains, via le progrès scientifique rejette purement et simplement le manque structural fondateur de tout sujet, pour viser une certaine artificialisation de l’être. Il s’agit alors de démontrer que la psychanalyse peut encore, de par sa méthode et son herméneutique, répondre aux exigences éthiques actuelles. Dès lors, s’engager dans une écoute des signifiants que le malade adresse équivaut à garantir, dans un tel contexte, ce que Michel Foucault appelait « un processus de re-subjectivation » et occasionne la réintroduction d’une « errance éthique minimale » désormais indispensable afin d’éviter toute clôture définitive du sujet malade. In fine accepter de considérer qu’un autre discours subjectif subsiste, même paré des traits de l’erreur a priori, et qu’il ne constitue pas un « néant de savoir au vrai » mais un savoir intuitif cherchant à se constituer du côté du sujet malade selon sa propre logique, atteste que cette éthique psychanalytique est de nature pleinement anthropologique. / When medicine based on a techno-scientific logic is widely practised based upon proofs and facts, this ‘Evidence Based Medicine’ is supported by the scientific principles of quantification, presentation and the universalism of biomedicine. When health is defined by statistics, when human suffering is measured on a simple model of brain function, the postmodern citizen is taken over by a hyper-medicalisation of existence. This thesis seeks to account for a healthcare actuality in geriatric medicine. The obsessive logic of value for money, systematic statistical evaluation and their alliance with the death drive and its consequences in discourse and action, as well as the ethical challenge they pose to the society that they represent require analysis. The sole market value the patient represents in research for return and advantage requires us to examine the issue of the future of subjectivity directly and inevitably to ask questions about the ontology, and anthropology of the living postmodern subject reduced, as a patient to an incarnation of what Hannah Arendt termed ‘work’. Indeed, our contemporary postmodernity, through scientific process rejects purely and simply the fundamental structural lack of each subject, creating a certain artificiality of being. The task then, is to demonstrate that psychoanalysis through its methods and hermeneutics can still respond to contemporary ethical demands. Consequently focusing on listening to the signifiers the patient evokes works to safeguard, in this context, what Michel Foucault termed ‘a re-subjectivation proces’ and offers the opportunity to reintroduce the ‘minimal ethical errance’ currently indispensable in avoiding definitive closure of the ill subject. Finally, we accept the consideration that an alternative subjective discourse remains, even dressed up in errors, and that it does not constitute a ‘negation of truth knowledge’ but an intuitive knowledge created by the ill subject according to their own logic, attesting that these psychoanalytical ethics are clearly anthropological in nature.

Orientador: Denise Hortencia Lopes Garcia / Acompanha manual de software Pro Tools versão free 5.0.1 para crianças / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T12:05:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_FatimaCarneirodos_D.pdf: 1640324 bytes, checksum: 375b0b454d0aedb8dcc5ef0466bc042f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Ao longo do século XX, elementos como o ruído e o silêncio vêm reformular e colocar em questão a noção de música, revelando uma realidade musical cada vez mais aberta a sonoridades até então consideradas não-musicais. Tal realidade opera um alto grau de mobilidade, na qual os limites entre música e não-música tornam-se cada vez mais indiscerníveis, instaurando-se, assim, novas poéticas musicais. Esta realidade encontra ressonância na própria imagem de mundo que começa a se desvelar nas últimas décadas, diferente daquela dada por um pensamento cartesiano e fragmentário, que regeu o pensamento humano até recentemente. No decorrer do século XX, percebe-se a configuração de uma consciência da existência de um mundo, no qual, segundo a ótica de Deleuze e Guattari, tudo está em devir, possibilitando uma imagem de mundo que se dá por intensas conexões e transformações, revelando sempre um ' caminho de incertezas'. Tal situação aponta para a possibilidade de se pensar uma educação musical que leva em conta outras sonoridades e outros fazeres musicais, e que opera, basicamente, através da criação, entendendo o ato de criação enquanto um ato de resistência, que faz proliferar diferenças, condição fundamental para a atualização de outras idéias de música. Neste sentido, este estudo se propõe a pensar e desenvolver uma proposta de criação musical com crianças, tendo em vista uma idéia de educação musical que não apenas discrimina e escolhe sons, mas que também se determine em função de uma escuta que compõe e de um campo sonoro, o mais amplo possível, permitindo o desejo de músicas não apenas formatadas por modelos dados a priori e possibilitando o questionamento e a ampliação da própria idéia de música. Assim, foram desenvolvidos, junto a um grupo de crianças, exercícios de escuta e de composição de paisagem sonora, a partir dos sons da rua. A opção pela soundscape composition ocorreu por acreditarmos que tal música, ao colocar o ouvinte-compositor numa relação íntima com o ambiente sonoro, respeitando a dinâmica sonora do material e sugerindo uma atitude composicional que opera basicamente através de uma 'escuta nômade', vem ao encontro de uma educação musical, fundada na idéia de escuta como uma forma de pensamento e ato de criação, que envolve o homem e a sonoridade ao seu redor / Abstract: Over the twentieth century, elements like noise and silence reformulate and take into consideration the notion of music, showing a musical reality more and more open to sonorities considered as non-musical until then. Such a reality operates a high degree of mobility, in which the limits between music and not-music become even more indiscernible, thus establishing new musical poetics. This reality resonates in the world image that starts to unveil itself in the last decades, different from that given by a Cartesian and fragmentary thought that ruled the human thought until recently. Over the twentieth century, it is noticed the configuration of an awareness of the existence of a world in which, according to Deleuze and Guattari's perspective, everything is yet to come, taking into consideration an image of the world that happens by intense connections and transformations, pointing out a 'course of uncertainties'. Such a situation leads to the possibility of thinking of a musical education that considers other sonorities and other musical-makings and that operates basically through creation, understood as a resistance act that causes the proliferation of differences, a basic condition for the upgrading of other ideas of music. In this sense, this study intends to think of and develop a proposal of musical education with children, having in mind an idea of musical education that not only distinguishes and chooses sounds but also determines itself due to a listening that composes, and the most general sound field as possible, enabling the desire for music not only formatted by prior models but making it possible the questioning and enlargement of the idea of music itself. In this sense, some listening and soundscape composition exercises were carried out together with a group of children, based on the street sounds. The choice for the soundscape composition occurred because it is believed that such a music, as the listener-composer is set into a close relation with the sound environment, respecting the sonorous dynamics of the material and suggesting a compositional attitude that operates basically through a 'nomad listening', favors a musical education, based on the idea of listening as a way of thinking and a creation act that involves the man and the sonority that surrounds him / Doutorado / Doutor em Música

Nesta dissertação, apresenta-se uma experiência de pesquisa-intervenção que se constituiu dentro de uma instituição socioeducativa do Rio Grande do Sul. A partir dos trabalhos desenvolvidos pelo grupo de pesquisa através de Rodas de Conversa com os adolescentes em conflito com a lei que cumprem medida socioeducativa, percebeu-se que a ampliação da escuta para os agentes socioeducadores seria importante. Sem nos anteciparmos à experiência, escutamos os socioeducadores e sua crescente necessidade de falar sobre o seu fazer, construindo, a partir do que era engendrado em transferência, uma intervenção que inicialmente tinha o nome de Posto Móvel de Escuta. A apresentação massiva de real, que se interpunha à pesquisadora-psicanalista através da estética do lugar, das cenas presenciadas na instituição e de algumas narrativas dos agentes foi sendo articulada pela criação de uma metodologia inspirada em dois pressupostos, a escuta psicanalítica e a leitura que Walter Benjamin empreendeu do flâneur de Baudelaire. A flânerie imprime um tempo distendido à urgência das grandes cidades, trazendo uma leveza e certa poética para o trabalho junto ao traumático, à medida que se configura enquanto correspondência corporal para a atenção flutuante preconizada por Freud. Em muitos momentos, era fundamental simplesmente seguir testemunhando o horror da vivência (Erlebnis) da socioeducação, imprimindo continuidade ao trabalho que possibilitava aos socioeducadores se sentirem vistos, além de escutados – o que constituiu a flânerie como intervenção Nesse sentido, a psicanálise e a flânerie conjugam-se na possibilidade de abrir espaços de narração, em que os sujeitos retomam pontos extraviados da história social e da sua própria, compartilhando-as e, quiçá, decantando-as em experiência (Erfahrung). Frente às vivências fraturadas que se apresentavam na vivência da socioeducação, o primeiro problema de pesquisa se formaliza na metodologia. Como a pesquisa psicanalítica poderia estar presente na socioeducação e como escutar os socioeducadores? O cerne desta dissertação está, portanto, na apresentação da edificação de um modo próprio de investigação, engendrado na interlocução entre as construções anteriores do grupo de pesquisa, as particularidades do campo e a formação da pesquisadora-psicanalista. Assim nasce a escuta-flânerie com os agentes socioeducadores, uma pesquisa-intervenção na instituição socioeducativa. Destacamos no texto, portanto, inúmeros fragmentos desse trabalho, restos que apresentam um paralelo entre a narrativa dos agentes socioeducadores e a da própria psicanalista, iniciando pela escrita dos diários de experiência até a construção desta dissertação. Na escrita também trazemos a metodologia da flânerie, criando um modo de fazer a experiência falar, em que aproximamos as palavras e as imagens, em um processo de montagem. Persistindo na escuta-flânerie, estivemos na instituição socioeducativa durante três períodos de quatro meses cada, a partir dos quais foram surgindo inúmeras questões Tamanha avalanche de vivências trouxe-nos passagens e rastros, que decantavam do trajeto da flânerie no tempo do a posteriori, por onde vamos apontando, no texto, para alguns significantes que restaram na escuta da pesquisa. Falamos de identificações ao redor de traumas, medos e sentimentos de abandono, tentamos trazer à tona as pérolas das narrativas dos socioeducadores e das palavras emprestadas que eles recolhem dos adolescentes, dando especial destaque à criação de apelidos para os agentes. Nesse flanar, emergiu um segundo problema de pesquisa, tendo em vista as inúmeras dificuldades encontradas pelos socioeducadores para realizar o seu trabalho, enunciando desde a proposição das leis que regem o sistema socioeducativo, até a precariedade das vivências dos adolescentes que atendem e as fragilidades de suas próprias vidas. Como poderia o socioeducador transformar o traumático em algo novo que lhe afaste da polaridade entre a desesperança e as certezas absolutas? A partir dessa questão fomos remetidos ao impossível do trabalho da socioeducação, dando relevo a algumas problematizações, apostando que, nas narrativas dos socioeducadores, poderia emergir um saber sobre seu fazer. Trabalhamos os temas da autoridade e alteridade, do brincar e do ato criativo dos socioeducadores, quando podem se oferecer como objeto a ser usado pelos adolescentes. Costurando o ato criativo com a posição da pesquisa psicanalítica, salientamos que, no diapasão da escuta-flânerie, o chiste e a validação da experiência também emergiam como intervenções, fazendo eco à escuta da transferência e à criatividade necessárias para que a pesquisa acadêmica pautada nos pressupostos dos fundamentos da psicanálise apresente-se vigorosa também nestes sítios. / In this dissertation, we present a research-intervention experience that was constituted within a socio-educational institution of Rio Grande do Sul. From the work developed by the research group through Wheels of Conversation with adolescents whom complies socio-educational measure, it came to us that the extension to socio-educational agents listening would be important. Without anticipating the experience, we listened to the socioeducators and their growing need to talk about their doing, building, from what was generated in transference, an intervention that initially had the name of Mobile Office of Listening. The massive presentation of real, which was interposing the researcher-psychoanalyst through the aesthetics of the place, the scenes witnessed in the institution and some narratives of the agents was managed by the creation of a methodology inspired by two presuppositions, the psychoanalytic listening and the Walter Benjamin reading of Baudelaire's flâneur. The flânerie gives a distended time to the urgency of the great cities, bringing a lightness and a certain poetics to the work we have been facing with the traumatic, as it was configured as the body correspondence to the floating attention advocated by Freud. In many moments, it was fundamental to simply keep witnessing the horror of the experience (Erlebnis) of the socioeducation, imparting continuity to the work that allowed the socioeducators to feel watched, in addition to being listened – where the flânerie became a intervention. In this sense, psychoanalysis and flânerie are combined in the possibility of opening spaces of narrative, in which the subjects return to lost points of the social history and of their own, sharing them and, perhaps, decanting them in experience (Erfahrung) Faced with the fractured experiences (Erlebnis) that were present in the experience of socioeducation, the first research problem is formalized in methodology. How could psychoanalytic research be in socio-education and how to listen to socioeducators? The core of this dissertation is, therefore, in the presentation of the construction of a singular way of investigation, engendered in the interlocution between the previous constructions of the research group, the particularities of the field and the formation of the researcher-psychoanalyst. Thus was born the listening-flânerie with the socioeducators agents, a research-intervention in the socioeducative institution. In this context, we highlight in the text numerous fragments of this work, rests that evidence a parallel between the narrative of the agents and the psychoanalyst´s itself, beginning with the writing of the diary of experience (Erfahrung) to the construction of this dissertation. In writing we also brought flânerie´s methodology, creating a way of making the experience speak, approximating the words and the images, in an assembly process. Persisting with the listening-flânerie, we were able to be in the socio-educational institution during three periods, from which numerous questions arose. Such an avalanche of experiences (Erlebnis) brought us passages and traces, which decanted the path of the flânerie in the time of the a posteriori, where we are pointing, in the text, to some signifiers that remained in the research We talk about identifications around traumas, fears and feelings of abandonment, we try to bring up the pearls of the narratives of the socioeducators and the borrowed words they collect from adolescents, with special emphasis on the creation of nicknames for the agents. In this flânerie, a second research problem emerged, in view of the numerous difficulties encountered by the socioeducators to carry out their work, stating from the proposition of the Laws that govern the socio-educational system, to the precariousness of the adolescents' experiences that they attend and the fragilities of their own lives. How could the socioeducator transform the traumatic into something new that distances him from the polarity of hopelessness and absolute certainties? A question from which we were referred to the impossible of the work of the socioeducation, we emphasize some problematizations, thinking that, in the narratives of the socioeducators, could emerge a knowledge about theirs doing. We work on the subjects of authority and otherness, play and the creative act of socioeducators, when they can offer themselves as an object to be used by adolescents. Tailoring the creative act to the position of psychoanalytic research, we emphasize that in the context of listening-flânerie, the joke and the validation of experience also emerged as interventions. This makes reference to the listening of the transference and the creativity necessary for the academic research that is based on the presuppositions of psychoanalysis, also offering vigorous in these fields.

The purpose of this qualitative research study was to identify difficulties some Swedish learners have with listening comprehension in the English 5 course in Upper Secondary Schools and to find methods of teaching such as scaffolding, schematic knowledge, preparation and peer cooperation that may prove successful. The methodology for this study was to test three groups of students representing three different programs of study at a high school in Sweden. These groups performed two different tasks to test theories about listening comprehension methods, and data was collected through test results and observations in the classroom, which were subsequently analyzed through discussion and comparison. The study showed that affective filters affected learning. However, scaffolding, schematic knowledge, preparation, and peer cooperation proved successful as reflected in higher all-around test scores. The researcher has attempted to identify the main aspects that make English listening comprehension difficult for Swedish learners, and to come up with ideas on how to break down the barriers to learning in order to promote improved listening comprehension in both live classrooms and in online learning situations.

Cette thèse rend compte des usages et des pratiques à l’œuvre dans les lectures publiques actuelles. Et plus précisément de leur réception par les auditeurs-spectateurs, pendant et après les lectures. Les sources et matériaux utilisés sont divers : ce sont en partie des récits de réception empruntés à la littérature classique ou contemporaine, et aux publications de chercheurs en sciences humaines et sociales. J’ai d’autre part utilisé mes propres récits, des narrations rédigées après avoir assisté à des lectures publiques à voix haute. J’ai donc construit mes matériaux à partir de ce que j’ai éprouvé au milieu d’une assemblée, au milieu des autres, au milieu d’autres corps. Je me suis autorisée et inspirée de la « pensée par cas » (ou « singularités »), une méthode qui suppose une pratique d’auto-observation inspirée de l’approche clinique. Elle écarte donc toute prétention au réalisme ou à l’objectivisme. Les lectures publiques sollicitent simultanément l’œil et l’oreille. La réception des auditeurs-spectateurs, qu’elle soit recueillie ou éprouvée en personne, apparaît souvent très individuée, peu normée.Un prologue fait retour sur trois périodes de la grande histoire de la lecture : récits de lectures à voix haute partant de l’Antiquité grecque et romaine jusqu’à une période récente. Les deux autres parties s’attachent ensuite à éclairer les rapports qui se nouent entre les acteurs présents à des lectures données en public, de nos jours. Rapports d’échange ou d’altérité, ou bien rapports de pouvoir, ils révèlent la manière dont se forment les réceptions individuelles - à partir des récits ou cas et de leur rapprochement avec d’autres corpus disciplinaires. Mais le matériau est hétérogène, labile, instable, parfois étrange. Aussi ce parcours ne va pas en ligne droite : il est sillonné d’allers et retours et de bifurcations ; emporté par des processus associatifs, arrêté ou suspendu par des détails sonores ou visuels, parfois infimes ; ou par la qualité du silence. Son tracé apparaît donc a posteriori.L’acte d’écouter-regarder lire au milieu d’une assemblée, et ses retentissements dans le for intérieur, incitent constamment à se déplacer mentalement, à sortir de soi ou à passer du « je » au « nous ». Le « nous » signifie que j’intègre en silence la présence du Lecteur sonore et des autres auditeurs-spectateurs, que je les associe à ma réception : l’individu dit « nous » (dans son intimité comme en société) en s’adressant ou en s’incluant aux autres. Les lectures publiques touchent à la fois l’individuel et le collectif ; voire questionnent le concept de communauté.Elles nous reconduisent naturellement à des relectures et s’offrent elles-mêmes comme forme singulière de relecture. Elles nous conduisent aussi à d’autres pratiques du partage grâce à l’usage de la voix haute ; à d’autres modes d’exister de la littérature, d’autres formes d’oralité (les groupes de lecture, la récitation, le témoignage, le cinéma). In fine, ce travail met au jour une expérience, et les « savoirs » singuliers qu’elle engrange et diffuse. Cette expérience peut être transmise, reprise, re-questionnée et discutée. Car les lectures publiques, censées nous immobiliser ou nous sidérer sur un fauteuil, nous engagent personnellement dans le rapport à autrui. Ce n’est pas le moindre enseignement de cette aventure. / This PhD thesis is an account of uses and practices at stake in public reading nowadays ; more precisely, of its reception by the listening audience, during and after the readings. The sources and material used are diverse : partly accounts of reception extracted from classical and contemporary literature, and publications by searchers in human and social science. I have also used my own accounts, narrative pieces I redacted after witnessing public readings. I thus have built my own material based on what I felt among an audience, among others, among other bodies. I have leaned on and inspired myself from “case thinking” (or “singularities”), a method which relies on practicing self-observation, based on clinical approach. Therefore, it excludes any claim to realism or objectivism. Public readings appeal to the eye and the ear at once. The reception by the listeners-spectators, whether it’s collected or felt in person, seems to be frequently personal, not very normalized.A prologue goes overs three periods of the great history of reading: accounts of readings aloud from Greek and Roman Antiquity to a recent period of time. The other two parts aim to highlight the connections that awaken between the actors during public readings nowadays. Those relationships of exchange, of otherness, or of power, reveal the way in which individual reception forms - from accounts or cases and relating them to corpuses from other subjects.But the material is a heterogeneous, labile, instable one; sometimes strange. Which explains that the journey isn’t straight: it is criss-crossed by comings and goings and branching roads; drawn as it was by associating processes, stopped or paused by sound or visual details, sometimes minute; or by the quality of silence. As a result, its course appears a posteriori.The act of listening-watching read among an audience, its repercussions onto the inner self, are a constant incentive to move mentally, get out of oneself or switch from “I” to “we”. “We” means I silently integrate the person who reads aloud and the other listeners-spectators into my reception: the individual says “we” (in their intimacy as well as in society), addressing themselves to or including themselves with others. Public readings concern the individual as well as the collective level; and even question the concept of community. They naturally drive us to rereads and offer themselves as a singular form of reread. They also drive us to other practices of sharing through the use of voicing : to other ways of existing for literature, to other forms of oral performance - reading groups, recitation, account, cinema.

This study explores whether hours listening to music of young adults with self-reported normal hearing is associated with auditory working memory and if hours listening to music and auditory working memory can predict speech-in-noise perception. Thirty native Swedish speaking university students with self-reported normal hearing in the ages ranging from 21 to 29 years old (M= 23.2) participated in filling out a self-reporting questionnaire concerning their listening habits, a listening span test and a speech-in-noise test. A hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was performed. The results did not suggest a significant correlation between hours listening to music and auditory working memory nor did it indicate that hours listening to music and auditory working memory could significantly predict speech-in-noise perception. These insignificant findings might be due to several reasons including methodological issues such as the sample size, communication difficulties due to poor internet connection and/or the use of self-reported answers. These results and the arguments presented in the discussion indicate that further research is needed to better answer the research questions of the current study.

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to better understand the impact experience and context have on the development of an early childhood education teacher professional identity. Using the Listening Guide (Gilligan et al. 2006), data were gathered and examined from interviews with three early childhood educators (ECE) currently teaching in a public school setting. Findings suggest that personal life experiences, teacher preparation, and career experience/contexts had a significant impact on the development of the teachers' professional identities. Examining when these early childhood educators committed themselves to the profession, and during which contexts and experiences they embraced early childhood tenets, provided important insight into how teacher preparation programs can bring forth candidates' past experiences for critical discussion to help preservice teachers make better sense of their developing early childhood teacher identity. Implications for provisionary teachers include support for navigating policy and societal influence in addition to day-to-day classroom teaching.

This diploma thesis is dedicated to communication in construction industry. The theoretical part is focused on definition of the terms like management, manager, communication and feedback. The aim of this thesis is to find out which ways of communication are construction companies using for sharing information. Diploma thesis find out if the employees have possibility to express their opinions. The thesis is dedicated to communication with construction workers and communication problems with them. Hypothesis are mentioned firstly, then they have been verified by questionnaire and interview. The result of this thesis is verification of hypothesis, that the face-to-face meeting is still most popular way of communication in construction companies. The employees receives all necessary information in sufficient amount at right time. Informal communication is the most common. Communication with construction workers is very specific. At the end I mentioned recommendation to improving communication in construction companies.

This study examines the effects of imitating other musicians on one’s instrument as well as how this impacts one’s playing. Furthermore, it seeks to illuminate the question of what the ear notices first when listening non-analytically to music with the goal of copying a certain way of playing. The result of the work would be demonstrated at a concert with mostly original music. A selection of musicians and recordings to imitate was made, and the imitation happened on 8 different occasions with varying constellations and different musicians participating. During the process it was made clear that the musician’s ear mainly picks up on the overall feeling and attitude of soloists, but also some small details such as nuances in timbre and intonation. In the preparation of the concert some songs were more or less tailored to a certain way of playing, inspired by the recordings. The resulting concert clearly shared some characteristics with some of the recordings, as well as having little in common with others.