就當前電影市場的現況來看，電影發行成本的節節升高，顧客需求的複雜多變，再加上電影消費集中化趨勢越趨明顯的事實，不論是從電影發行公司或是電影映演事業的角度來看，如何透過對於市場顧客需求、行為的解讀，清楚分隔市場，並為不同市場區隔設計不同的產品及行銷組合已經成了電影工業刻不容緩的課題。 有鑑於此，本研究透過應用資料採礦之技術，選用四個決策樹（C&RT、QUEST、CHAID、C5.0）、邏輯斯迴歸以及類神經網路等方式進行模型建置，由於決策樹CHAID對於「是否去電影院看外片或國片」及「是否去電影院看電影」兩種不同的目標變數，其不論是在整體預測正確率、準確度、反查率，皆是高於其他模型，故最後兩個目標變數皆選擇CHAID此一模型，而目標變數為「是否去電影院看電影」之CHAID模型表現也較好，故主要以其結果為主。 透過目標變數為「是否去電影院看電影」之CHAID模型，共獲得十三項影響「是否去電影院看電影」之相關變數，並根據分析結果，將電影市場顧客區分為最高貢獻顧客、一般貢獻顧客及低度貢獻顧客三類，將其歸納出並找出三種不同貢獻程度的顧客族群特性，而三種不同貢獻族群在「年齡」、「教育程度」、「娛樂文化支出」、「居住地區」、「是否上網瀏覽資訊網頁」、「是否上網蒐集資訊」、「是否會收看電視外片」、「是否看電視歐美影集」、「是否會說英文」、「是否上網線上觀賞影片」、「經濟富裕」、「即時行樂」均呈現顯著的差異，故本研究以不同貢獻程度族群特性為主，以看外片或國片之族群特性為輔，作為行銷策略建議之依據。 / Considering the current film market, the publication cost of a film is steadily increased. Meanwhile, customers have complicated requirements, and the trend of concentrated film consumption is gradually clear. For the perspective of both film companies and film broadcasting business, clear market segmentation after understanding customers’ needs and interpretation of customer behaviors to design different products and marketing combination for different markets are of great urgency for the general film industry. In view of this, the study aims to using four Decision Trees(C&RT, QUEST, CHAID, C5.0), Logistic Regression, and Artificial Neural Network to construct the model by applying Data Mining technology. Since Decision Tree-CHAID is excellent in the forecast accuracy, precision, and recall rate as compared to other models for response variables of going to the movies and going to foreign movies or Taiwan movies, the CHAID is adopted in this research for both response variables. The CHAID is more excellent for the response variable of going to the movies than the other, so use it as the main result. Through using Decision Tree-CHAID, this study identified thirteen factors that have greater impact on going to the movies. Based on the analysis results, this study induced the characteristics of three customer groups-the highest contribution customers, regular contribution customers and low contribution customers. Three different contribution groups shows significant differences at age, education, entertainment expenditure, living area, internet surfing, collecting information from internet, watch foreign movies, watch foreign drama, speak English, watch on-lines movies, affluent, and seize the day. This study mainly based on the characteristics of the three different groups, and group characteristic of going to foreign movies or Taiwan movies as auxiliary, to provide the marketing portfolio strategy recommendations.

[pt] A primeira infância é fundamental para o desenvolvimento físico e psíquico dos seres humanos, influenciando-os pelo resto da vida. Assim sendo, a oferta de serviços de creche adequados, calcados no correto mapeamento dos desejos e necessidades dos consumidores, é de extrema importância. Partindo desta motivação, este trabalho objetiva analisar as características relevantes para os pais no processo de seleção de creches. A dissertação é baseada na metodologia da análise conjunta e seu desenvolvimento é composto de duas etapas: i. Revisão da literatura, entrevistas em profundidade, grupo de foco e definição dos estímulos a serem avaliados pelos respondentes; ii. Coleta de dados, cálculo das importâncias relativas dos atributos, cálculo das utilidades dos níveis propostos e análise dos resultados. A análise dos resultados é feita considerando-se não somente o total da amostra como também segmentos definidos a priori de acordo com dados sócio-econômicos levantados na coleta de dados. O resultado da análise conjunta para o total da amostra revela os atributos localização, projeto pedagógico e grau de capacitação dos profissionais como sendo os de maior importância relativa. Este resultado evidencia que, muito além da praticidade de creches que sejam guardiãs de seus filhos, os pais buscam também uma instituição que propicie o aprendizado e a socialização. Na segmentação, os resultados por região de residência, faixa etária das crianças e faixa de renda familiar possibilitaram a definição de estratégias específicas para cada segmento. / [en] The first childhood is fundamental for the physical and psychological development of human beings, influencing them for the rest of their lives. In this way, offering adequate child care services, based in a correct mapping of customers’ necessities is extremely important. Derived from this motivation, this work aims to analyze the relevant characteristics for parents in the child care services selection process. The dissertation is based on conjoint analysis methodology and is developed in two parts: i. Literature revision, interviews, focus groups and definition of the stimulus to be evaluated by the respondents; ii. Data collection, calculation of the relative importance of the attributes, calculation of the utilities of each suggested level and analyses of the results. The analysis is done considering not only the total sample but also segments defined according to socio-economical data gathered as part of the data collection process. The result of the conjoint analysis for the overall sample reveals that location, teaching methodology and professional knowledge and skills received the greatest relative importance. It shows that, far beyond a practical child care service that can look after their children, parents are aiming for an institution that leverages development, socialization and learning. When segmenting the data, analyses by neighborhood, children’s age and familiar income enabled the definition of strategies for each specific segment.

The submitted thesis analyses purchasing behaviour of consumers in holiday planning for the year 2016. The thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapters focus on explanation of the purpose of the thesis, a hypothesis definition and methodological workflow, and important theoretical terms. In order to fulfil the purpose of the thesis, a questionnaire survey, interpretation of its results, data analysis, and hypothesis evaluation were carried out. Based on the questionnaire survey results, consumer segments in the holiday market were determined using following categories - gender, age, the highest level of education achieved and an average household monthly net income. For all determined segments, trends in purchasing behaviour were then identified resulting in recommendation for business entities offering holiday packages.

[pt] Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo propor e desenvolver uma metodologia baseada em modelos fuzzy para a segmentação e caracterização dos segmentos que compõem o mercado bancário, permitindo um amplo conhecimento dos perfis de clientes, melhor adaptação das ofertas ao mercado e, conseqüentemente, melhores retornos financeiros. A metodologia proposta nesta dissertação pode ser dividida em três módulos principais: coleta e tratamento dos dados; definição dos segmentos; e caracterização e classificação dos segmentos. O primeiro módulo, denominado coleta e tratamento dos dados, abrange as pesquisas de marketing utilizadas na coleta dos dados e a aplicação de técnicas de pré-processamento de dados, para a limpeza (remoção de outliers e missing values) e normalização dos dados. O módulo de definição dos segmentos emprega o modelo fuzzy de agrupamento Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) na descoberta de grupos de clientes que apresentem características semelhantes. A escolha deste modelo de agrupamento deve-se à possibilidade de análise dos graus de pertinência de cada cliente em relação aos diferentes grupos, identificando os clientes entre segmentos e, conseqüentemente, elaborando ações efetivas para a sua transição ou manutenção nos segmentos de interesse. O módulo de caracterização e classificação dos segmentos é baseado em um Sistema de Inferência Fuzzy. Na primeira etapa deste módulo são selecionadas as variáveis mais relevantes, do ponto de vista da informação, para sua aplicação no processo de extração de regras. As regras extraídas para a caracterização dos segmentos são posteriormente utilizadas na construção de um sistema de inferência fuzzy dedicado à classificação de novos clientes. Este sistema permite que os analistas de marketing contribuam com novas regras ou modifiquem as já extraídas, tornando o modelo mais robusto e a segmentação de mercado uma ferramenta acessível a todos que dela se servem. A metodologia foi aplicada na segmentação de mercado do Banco da Amazônia, um banco estatal que atua na Amazônia Legal, cujo foco prioritário constitui o fomento da região. Avaliando a aplicação dos modelos fuzzy no estudo de caso, observam-se bons resultados na definição dos segmentos, com médias de valor de silhueta de 0,7, e na classificação da base de clientes, com acurácia de 100%. Adicionalmente, o uso destes modelos na segmentação de mercado possibilitou a análise dos clientes que estão entre segmentos e a caracterização desses segmentos por meio de uma base de regras, ampliando as análises dos analistas de marketing. / [en] The main aim of this work is to propose and develop a methodology base don fuzzy models for segmentation and characterization of segments comprising the bank segment, allowing broad knowledge of client profiles, better suiting market needs, hence offering better financial results. The methodology proposed in this work may be divided into three main modules: data collection and treatment; definition of segments; and characterization and classification of segments. The first module, denominated data collection and treatment, encompasses marketing research used in data collection and application of techniques for pre-processing of data, for data trimming (removal of outliers and missing values) and normalization. The definition of segments adopts the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) grouping model in identifying groups of clients with similar characteristics. The choice for this grouping model is due to the possibility of analyzing the membership coefficient of each client in connection with the different groups, thus identifying clients among segments and consequently elaborating effective actions for their transition to or maintenance in the segments of interest. The module of characterization and classification of segments is based on a Fuzzy Inference System. In the first stage, the most relevant variables from the information standpoint are selected, for application in the process of rule extraction. The rules extracted are then used in the construction of a fuzzy inference system dedicated to classifying new clients. This system allows marketing analysts to contribute with new rules or modify those already extracted, making the model more robust and the turning market segmentation into a tool accessible to all using it. This methodology was applied in the market segmentation of Banco da Amazônia, stte- contrlled bank acting in the Amazon region, with main focus of which is fostering the region´s development. The application of fuzzy models in the case study generated good results in the definition of segments, with average silhouette value of 0.7, and accuracy of 100% for client base classification. Furthermore, the use of these models in market segmentation allowed the analysis of clients classified between segments and the characterization of those segments by means of a set of rules, improving the analyses made by marketing analysts.

abstract: Hotel amenities and their influence on consumer choice have been extensively studied by academics. These have largely focused on consumer preferences vacation modes and the psychographic characteristics of travelers. Revenue managers make practical use of this information by attempting to match available hotel rooms with traveler demands for accommodations, setting prices that maximize profits for the hospitality company. The experienced revenue manger is able to determine the most profitable price schedule for a room types across many distribution channels. This study was conducted to test the use of choice modeling for objectively assessing dollar values of three basic amenities for consumers (room type, kitchen availability and price). Researcher used paired comparisons modeled as a conditional logit. This study used market segmentation and choice modeling to determine the value of amenities for an aggregate group and 16 more homogenous groups. Market segmentation and choice modeling allowed this study to segment markets into more homogenous groups, and by doing that allowed for calculation of customer willingness to pay for additional amenities. Results from this study confirm that customers are willing to pay for kitchen $65.43 on top of their room value. All responders generally agree to liking an extra bedroom in their hotel room and they are willing to pay $37.39 more than for a studio room. A surprising result is that it seems based on the results that responders generally do not like to have a second bedroom and they are not willing to pay for it. By knowing customer willingness to pay, it can be assured that customers always feel they are getting a high value out of the transaction and increase the likelihood of future transactions. The significance of this research is the concrete numbers that can be, and already have been, applied immediately in the hospitality industry, and is positively impacting business revenue and customer experience. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Community Resources and Development 2014

O canal online de vendas de varejo por meio da Internet tem mostrado impressionante crescimento em termos de uso por parte dos consumidores desde o início dos anos 2000 até 2011, com boas perspectivas de trajetória ascendente para os próximos anos. Essa evolução realça a importância de se realizar planejamento estratégico de negócios que leve em conta o advento da era digital. A segmentação de mercado, tema central deste estudo, é o primeiro requisito para a formulação das estratégias de marketing das empresas, segundo Lambin (2000). Wedel e Kamakura (2000) e Kotler e Keller (2006) são as principais referências para os conceitos de segmentação utilizados neste estudo. Com uma amostra por conveniência formada por 743 consumidores do Brasil, procurou-se investigar, em uma primeira etapa, de caráter exploratório, aspectos ou fatores relacionados ao comportamento de aquisição de produtos no contexto do varejo online. Foi encontrada, principalmente, uma significante relação positiva entre o tempo desde a primeira compra online e maiores frequências de compra anuais pela Internet, o que sugere a importância da familiaridade e confiança para uso mais frequente do canal. A segunda e a terceira etapas foram baseadas principalmente em um modelo proposto por Overby e Lee (2006), que sugere a existência de relações de dependência entre \"intenção de compra\" versus \"valores associados à utilização do canal online\" e \"preferência por determinado site\". Na segunda etapa, de caráter correlacional, foi verificado que os dados coletados se ajustaram adequadamente ao modelo em questão por meio do uso de modelagem de equações estruturais. O objetivo da terceira etapa era verificar a existência de diferenças nas relações de dependência entre os fatores quando são considerados diferentes grupos de consumidores. Conforme recomendações de Hahn et al. (2002), isto foi feito por meio do uso das técnicas de mistura finita em PLS (FIMIX-PLS) e posteriormente por análise de multigrupos em PLS (PLS-MGA) (Henseler et al., 2009). Foram encontradas diferenças significantes para a importância de fatores ao se considerarem os seguintes segmentos: \"feminino\" (as mulheres deram mais importância para o \"valor utilitário\" do que o observado para a amostra total), \"pessoas que dão pouca importância à familiaridade com a loja online\" e \"pessoas que compram online 1 ou 2 vezes ao ano\" (essas pessoas deram mais importância ao \"valor hedônico\" que o observado para a amostra total) e \"compradores de livros\" (que deram menos importância para a preferência que o observado para a amostra total). A análise das diferenças nas relações entre os fatores contribuiu para a atribuição de avaliações de \"grau de resposta\" para cada segmento em relação aos fatores estudados. O grau de resposta é um dos critérios mais críticos para uma segmentação de mercado eficaz e consequentemente pode gerar subsídios importantes para o planejamento estratégico de marketing no contexto do varejo online. / The online retail channel has shown impressive growth in terms of its use by consumers since the beginning of years 2000 up to 2011, with good perspectives of growth for the next years. This growth enhances the business-oriented importance of carrying through strategic planning that takes into account the advent of the digital age. Market segmentation, a central theme of this study, is the first requisite for the formulation of marketing strategies by companies according to Lambin (2000). Wedel and Kamakura (2000) and Kotler and Keller (2006) are the main references for the concepts of segmentation mentioned in this study. With a convenience sample formed by 743 Brazilian consumers, the purpose was to investigate, with an exploratory character at a first stage, aspects or factors related to consumer behavior when purchasing products in the context of online retailing. The main finding of this stage was a significant positive relation between \"the time since the first online purchase\"(time since adoption of the channel) and greater annual frequencies of purchase on the Internet. This suggests the importance of familiarity and confidence for generating more frequent use of the online retail channel by consumers. Second and third stages of this study were mainly based on a model proposed by Overby and Lee (2006) which suggests the existence of dependence relationships between \"purchase intention\" versus \"values associated to the use of online channel\" and \"preference for determined online site\". The second stage had correlacional character, and it was verified that the collected data were adjusted adequately to the model in question by means of using structural equation modeling. The objective of the third stage was to verify the existence of differences in dependence relationships among the studied factors when different groups of consumers were considered. Finite mixtures in PLS (FIMIX-PLS procedures) and multi-group analysis in PLS (MGA-PLS) were made following recommendations of Hahn et al. (2002) and Henseler et al. (2009) respectively. Significant differences for the importance of factors for different segments were found: \"feminine\" (women gave more importance to the \"utilitarian value\" when compared the total sample), \"people who give little importance to the familiarity with the online store\" and \"people who buy online 1 or 2 times per year\" (these groups gave more importance to hedonic value when compared to total sample) and finally \"book purchasers\" (who gave less importance to preference when compared to total sample\"). Analysis of the differences in the relationships among the studied factors contributed for evaluating the \"responsiveness\" criterion for each segment. Responsiveness is one of the most critical criteria for effectiveness of any market segmentation and consequently this contribution can generate important subsidies for strategic marketing planning in the context of online retailing.

A proposição apresentada de uma estrutura de procedimentos para a segmentação de mercados empresariais, após extensa pesquisa bibliográfica, resultou em quatro grandes etapas e quatorze passos. Acredita-se que seja lógica, útil e de aplicação abrangente em vários setores industriais e de consumo. A base fundamental de segmentação estudada foi aquela que diz respeito aos benefícios procurados pelos consumidores durante o processo de decisão de compra e o setor escolhido foi a indústria do alumínio. Essa indústria apresenta algumas importantes particularidades que tornam o estudo ainda mais desafiador: é um oligopólio, o produto é classificado como uma commodity (padronizado) na sua essência e o seu preço base é definido pela LME aproximando-se do que seria uma estrutura de mercado de concorrência perfeita (as empresas são tomadoras de preço). Dessa forma, a segmentação estratégica de mercado passa a ser a grande possibilidade para deslocar essa estrutura no sentido da concorrência imperfeita, em que as empresas passam a deter algum poder sobre os preços praticados. A pesquisa exploratória identificou que o setor de alumínio desenvolve uma segmentação ainda incipiente que simplesmente fornece informações pós-facto para comparações no setor com pouca ou nenhuma contribuição efetiva para a conquista de vantagem competitiva ou um melhor atendimento aos clientes e diferenciação das ofertas. Com base nos dados gerados a partir de uma pesquisa empírica, foram identificados sete benefícios procurados utilizando-se a técnica da análise fatorial: efetividade da entrega, capacitação técnica e de vendas, lealdade e relacionamento com o fornecedor, imagem do fornecedor, vendas diretas a preços competitivos, eficiência do produto e logística do produto e da sucata. Foram, também, identificados três segmentos ou conglomerados associados a esses benefícios. A segmentação de segunda ordem com base em variáveis de relacionamento e demográficas, não se mostrou adequada para caracterização dos segmentos, como preconizado por alguns autores. / This current thesis presents a proposition of a step-by-step structure to the segmentation of business to business markets. This has been developed from extensive bibliographic research and encompasses four majour groups containing a total of fourteen steps. Its characteristics make it a logic and useful structure that can be applied in a variety of industries and end-user consumer markets. The fundamental aspect of segmentation studied that led to the development of such structure was that related to the sought benefits by the consumers during the purchasing decision-making process and the studied industry was that of the aluminum. This industry presents some important specificities that posed new challenges to the present study: it is characterized as an oligopoly and its product is characterized as a commodity in its essence with its price being set by the LME, being very close to a market structure of perfect competition (the organizations are price takers). In this sense, the strategic market segmentation becomes the main alternative to shift this structure to an imperfect competition in which organizations can bear some kind of power over the prices of their products. The exploratory research carried out in this study has identified that the aluminum industry practices some incipient kind on market segmentation that simply provides pós-facto information for comparisons within the industry with very little, if none, contribution to the obtaining of competitive advantage or a better service to clients and differentiation of the product offer. Based on the data gathered through an empiric research, seven sought benefits were identified through factorial analysis: delivery effectiveness, technical and sales qualification, loyalty and relationship with the suppliers, image of the supplier, direct sales by competitive prices, product efficiency and logistics of the product and scrap. Three segments or conglomerates were also identified as being associated to these benefits. Finally, the second order segmentation based on relationship and demographic variables did not present itself as adequate for the characterization of market segments within this industry, as proposed by some authors.

Este estudo pretendeu verificar se a combinação das variáveis atitude e atributos ecologicamente corretos de bens de consumo pode ser utilizada como base para a segmentação de mercado. Para satisfazer a essa proposição, buscou-se, primeiramente, o domínio da teoria disponível sobre os temas a ela relacionados, que serviu de base à pesquisa de campo. Esta teve um caráter quantitativo e foi do tipo descritivo, com método do estudo de campo; utilizou uma amostra não-probabilística por conveniência de estudantes e professores de uma universidade da cidade de São Paulo-SP, que expressaram suas opiniões por autopreenchimento de um instrumento de coleta de dados estruturado e disfarçado. A análise dos dados deu-se através da aplicação de três técnicas multivariadas: Análise Fatorial, Análise de Conglomerados e Análise de Correspondência. A primeira foi bem sucedida em seu propósito principal, já que foi possível reduzir o conjunto de variáveis a dois fatores; os escores fatoriais funcionaram como entradas à Análise de Conglomerados. Esta também foi bem sucedida, pois a grande maioria das simulações realizadas combinando as medidas de similaridade com os métodos de aglomeração gerou conglomerados, o que permitiu responder favoravelmente ao problema de pesquisa; uma das combinações - Quadrado da Distância Euclideana com within groups foi considerada a mais satisfatória e utilizada como base para a próxima técnica, Análise de Correspondência. Esta foi utilizada para perfilar os conglomerados gerados e dar relevância gerencial ao presente projeto; foi parcialmente bem sucedida, pois não pôde ser utilizada para algumas variáveis, dando vez à tabulação cruzada. As considerações finais confirmaram a expectativa do pesquisador quanto à possibilidade de obtenção de conglomerados utilizando concomitantemente as variáveis atitude e atributos ecologicamente corretos de produtos. / This study intended to verify if the variable attitude in conjunction with the consumer good´s ecologically characteristics may be used as market segmentation´s basis. To satisfy this proposition, we tried, at first, to know all the available theory about the topics that are related to and also the basis to the field research. It was a quantitative and descriptive one, with a field study method. A non-probabilistic sample of students and teachers was used to explain their opinions by self-administration of a strucured and disguised questionnaire. The data analysis ocurred by the application of three multivariate techniques: Factor Analysis, Cluster Analysis and Correspondence Analysis. The first of them was successfull, whereas it was possible to reduce the set of variables to two factors; the fatorial scores performed as inputs to the Cluster Analysis. This technique was successful too, because the majority of simulations combining similarity measures and aglomeration methods engendered clusters, which permitted an answer favorable to the research problem; one of the combinations Euclidean Square Distance and Withinn Groups was considered the most satisfactory and used as basis to the next technique, the Correspondence Analysis. It was applied to profile the clusters and give a relevance to this paper; it was partly successful, as we couldnt use some variables and it was replaced by Cross Tabulation. The final considerations confirmed the researchers expectation as regard to the possibility of obtain clusters using at the same time the variable attitude and good´s ecologically characteristics.

This master´s thesis aims to analyse the perception of online advertising by the Czech online population and its subsequent segmentation to provide recommendations on how to efficiently use online advertising tools in the Czech internet environment. The thesis is divided into three parts - theoretical, methodological and practical. The theoretical part describes the online advertising environment as such, defines the basic concepts and describes research methods used in the thesis. The methodological part delves deeper into these methods and justifies the reasons behind using them. Finally, the practical part offers detailed insights into the perception of online advertising through in-depth semi-structured interviews that have been further elaborated on and verified using the author´s own questionnaire-based quantitative research, representing the entire Czech online population. The obtained data is used to uncover segments in the Czech online population by means of factor and cluster analyses, after which the profiles of the segments are characterised using the contingency tables. Building on the findings, the final chapter provides recommendations on how best to use different types of online advertising and how to address the individual segments in the most efficient way.

The main objective of this Masters thesis is to identify and describe segments of customers in coffee market in Czech republic. Furthermore objective is to formulate marketing recommendation on how to address those customers. To fullfil this goal is not be possible without deep knowledge of whole coffee market and of those customer segments. To understand the market itself, data from Nielsen agency are used. As to complete whole segmentation process MML-TGI data of Median agency are used. To paint the final picture of coffee market and to verify formulated hypothesis further qualitative research has been conducted in for of individual interviews.