Evangelische Missionswerk in Deutschland / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Um estudo em antropologia teológico-filosófica que lança algumas características da condição humana na pós-modernidade. A primeira parte inicia com duas abordagens: começa-se analisando a guinada antropológica a partir do hegelianismo de esquerda (FEUERBACH e MARX) e do pensamento aristocrático do filósofo NIETZSCHE, destacando o rompimento com Deus e o acréscimo da confiança do ser humano em suas potencialidades, mesmo redentoras. Dá-se especial atenção para alguns desdobramentos dessa guinada, por exemplo, o enfraquecimento do ser, que acontece no rompimento com as balizas que antes lhe asseguravam dignidade. Termina-se examinando o desenvolvimento do pensamento moderno e seu promissor projeto acerca do progresso da ciência, economia, e do fortalecimento do Estado. Essa primeira parte é finalizada contemplando algumas questões em torno da relação entre Modernidade e Pós-Modernidade, os infortúnios, reforma e (des)continuidade, tratando, brevemente, algumas características da condição humana na chamada Pós-Modernidade. Na segunda parte, abordam-se quatro distintos pensadores contemporâneos: KONRAD LORENZ, PETER SINGER, RICHARD RORTY, e CHARLES MELMAN. Procura-se nestes, contribuições para o estudo proposto, traçando diferentes pensares que brotam diante da pergunta do ser humano pela sua condição existencial. Nos três primeiros pensadores atenta-se para novas compreensões que surgem em torno do ser humano, as quais substituem antigos conceitos (pecado, dignidade e valor da vida, verdade e solidariedade), fundamentos e justificações, dando novos sentidos a estes. Finalizando, é contemplada a análise crítica de MELMAN acerca do ser humano pós-moderno: o homem sem gravidade. No terceiro e último capítulo é abordado o pensamento antropológico de dois teólogos luteranos, GOTTFRIED BRAKEMEIER e EULER WESTPHAL, destacando-se as problemáticas em torno da condição humana na pós-modernidade. Observa-se a ambigüidade da existência humana pós-moderna: ao mesmo tempo em que não é possível demonizar essa nova etapa da história da humanidade, não se pode iludir-se com todos os benefícios que provém das facilidades e descobertas com as quais se é brindado. O trabalho é finalizado abordando algumas características da condição humana na Pós-Modernidade e retomando questões tratadas ao longo do estudo. Nesse contexto, a teologia é caracterizada como ciência crítica que tem a função de lutar pelo resgate e permanência da sacralidade da vida humana e do cosmos. Além disso, a teologia contribui para uma análise antropológica que contempla a dimensão religiosa como constitutivo essencial do ser humano, que tem sua expressão nos elementos de promessa, expectativa messiânica e esperança escatológica; expressões que, tanto na Modernidade como na Pós-Modernidade, são transferidos de Deus para as potencialidades humanas de criar/instaurar, por meio de instituições e da ciência biotecnológica, o Reino dos céus na terra. / This work is an anthropological survey that exposes some features of human condition in postmodernity. The first part begins with two approaches: it starts by analyzing the anthropological lurch after the inception of left Hegelianism (FEURBACH and MARX) and thought of the aristocratic philosopher NIETZSCHE, highlighting the rupture with God and the increase in mans confidence in his potential, even regarding his redemption. Special attention is paid to some of this lurchs later developments, such as the weakening of being, which ensues after the rupture with the buoys that previously ensured its dignity. It concludes by examining the development of modern thought and its promising project for the progress of science and economy and for the strengthening of the state. The first part ends by contemplating some issues regarding the relationship between modernity and postmodernity, the mishaps, reform, and (dis)continuity, briefly touching upon some features of the human condition in the so-called postmodernity. In the second part, four eminent contemporary thinkers are considered: KONRAD LORENZ, PETER SINGER, RICHARD RORTY, and CHARLES MELMAN. Contributions for this survey are sought in their works, tracing different reflections that spring from mans inquiry into his existential condition. The works by the first three are inspected for new understandings that arise about the human being, which have replaced old concepts (sin, dignity and worth of life, truth, and solidarity), as well as foundations and justifications, giving them new meanings. Finally, MELMANs critical analysis on the postmodern man is contemplated: the man without gravity. In the third and last chapter, the anthropological thoughts of two theologians, GOTTFRIED BRAKEMEIER and EULER WESTPHAL, are meditated upon, highlighting the issues on the human condition in postmodernity. The ambiguity of postmodern human existence is evidenced: neither is it possible to demonize this new stage of human history, nor should one be mislead by all the benefits stemming from the conveniences and discoveries with which one is bestowed. The work concludes by reflecting on some features of the human condition in postmodernity and by raising questions that were discussed earlier. In this context, theology is characterized as a critical science whose purpose is to fight for the reclaiming and the preserving of the sacredness of the human life and the cosmos. Furthermore, theology contributes for an anthropological analysis that contemplates the religious dimension as an essential component of man, expressed by promise, messianic expectation and eschatological hope; these expressions, both in modernity and postmodernity, are transferred from God to the human potential of creating/establishing, by means of institutions and the biotechnological science, the kingdom of heavens on earth.

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / O Ensino da Arte: a arte na educação como conhecimento humano é o título da dissertação que teve como objetivo geral mostrar que a presença da arte no processo educativo possui uma dimensão de conhecimento. Ela foi realizada através de pesquisa bibliográfica centrada na leitura de obras de cunho filosófico. Neste trajeto examinamos os modelos pedagógicos predominantes no ensino da arte no Brasil, a formação do conhecimento racional moderno e a concepção de arte na idade moderna. Estas reflexões teóricas nos aproximaram de uma nova concepção de arte como conhecimento, segundo a ótica do filósofo Ernst Cassirer que entende a arte como forma simbólica de apreensão da realidade. / Art Teaching: Art in education as human knowledge is the titel of a dissertation that has had as a general goal to show that the presence of art in the educative process has a dimension of knowledge. It has been done through a bibliografical research centered in the reading of works of philosophical subject. In this route we examined the predominant pedagogical patterns in the teaching of art in Brazil, the formation of modern rational knowledge and the conceptionof art in modern age. These theoretical reflections approach us to a new conception of art as a forma of knowledge, as for the concepts of Philosopher Ernst Cassirer who understands art as a simbolic forma of reality apprehension.

Orientador: Silvio Donizetti de Oliveira Gallo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T17:21:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_MariaEmanuelaEstevesdos_M.pdf: 1108117 bytes, checksum: a309344ab22758dc544f8dd4820884bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Pensar a formação do homem contemporâneo é nesta dissertação um objetivo que se viabiliza pela filosofia de Michel Serres. Por meio dela, mais especificamente na obra Hominescências, buscou-se a compreensão dos elementos e circunstâncias que singularizam nosso tempo e, consequentemente, podem estar fazendo emergir uma outra humanidade. Nesse sentido, como uma investigação, a princípio, marcada por reflexões antropológicas, esta dissertação intenta, contudo, por objetivo maior, lançar as proposições que permitam pensar a educação do homem contemporâneo. O primeiro movimento da investigação constou em refletir sobre o homem e as dimensões que o engendram segundo a tradição da Antropologia Filosófica. Posteriormente, esta investigação apropriou-se de alguns elementos dessa tradição para pensar a filosofia antropológica proposta por Serres. Logo, sob a ambiência desses conceitos filosóficos, a dissertação passou ao detalhamento das circunstâncias diferenciais do século XX, que redimensionaram as três dimensões de engendramento do homem: o corpo, o mundo e os outros. Dessa forma, refletindo sobre a contingência desses três acontecimentos à constituição do homem, esta dissertação buscou levantar, como último movimento, as implicações deste novo tempo ao pensamento educacional. / Abstract: In this dissertation, reflecting upon the education of contemporary Man is an objective made feasible by Michel Serres's philosophy. Through his thinking, more specifically in the book Hominescence, we sought to understand the elements and circumstances that single out our time and that could consequently be bringing forth a new Humanity. Even though this research is at first glance marked by anthropological reflections, the dissertation aims primarily at laying the propositions that allow of thinking of the education of contemporary Man. The first step forward in this investigation consisted in reflecting on Man and on the dimensions that engender them according to the tradition of philosophical anthropology. Subsequently, elements from this tradition are incorporated so as to think of the philosophical anthropology propounded by Serres. Therefore, under the ambiance of the philosophical concepts, the dissertation goes on to detail the circumstances, unique to the 20th century, that reshaped the three dimensions which engender Man: the body, the world and the other. Hence, reflecting on the contingency of those three events for the constitution of Man, this dissertation sought to raise, as a last step, the implications of this new era, for educational thought. / Mestrado / Filosofia e História da Educação / Mestre em Educação

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-22T20:22:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardoarmarolinoguchi.pdf: 1326675 bytes, checksum: 0ab515b269d9be866efeb390105fb254 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T15:32:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardoarmarolinoguchi.pdf: 1326675 bytes, checksum: 0ab515b269d9be866efeb390105fb254 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T15:32:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardoarmarolinoguchi.pdf: 1326675 bytes, checksum: 0ab515b269d9be866efeb390105fb254 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-26 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a possibilidade de se construir uma antropologia filosófica a partir dos romances de Fiódor Dostoiévski. A primeira noção que se destaca neste discurso filosófico é a de revolta, que está intimamente ligada ao fenômeno da liberdade humana. Dostoiévski mostra como a revolta conduz o homem ao niilismo filosófico, em suas várias manifestações históricas. A única alternativa viável para superar estas aporias seria uma nova religiosidade, fundada num verdadeiro sentimento de compaixão. Para Dostoiévski, isto só é possível quando o homem alcança um total domínio de seus impulsos egoístas. A consumação do egoísmo humano é o altruísmo da fé. / The aim of this work is to investigate the possibility to elaborate a philosophical anthropology on Fiódor Dostoyevsky’s novels. The first idea which is to be stressed in this philosophical discourse is that of revolt, and it is closely related to the phenomenon of human freedom. Dostoyevsky show how revolt leads human being to philosophical nihilism, in its different historical manifestations. The only viable alternative in order to surmount those aporias would be a new religiosity, based in a true sentiment of compassion. For Dostoyevsky, this is possible only when human being reaches full dominion of his egotistic impulses. The fulfillment of human egotism is faith’s altruism.

M.Phil. (Philosophy) / The author's choice of a theme is practical. It is a cultural-philosophical analysis·of the views of GLAZER and MOYNUlAN on ethnicity. 1 The result is studied and viewed in relation to philosophical anthropology and the ·genetic method of explanation of culture of CA VAN PEURSEN and by means of his cultural-historfcal three-tier development of the mythological, successively followed by the ontological and the functional. The author then suggests the. principle of sovereignty, within the limited sphere of competence of social structures within the same cultural ·entity to overcome the dialectic struggle for supremacy between social structures (i.e.: nation and state or church and state, etc). Linking this the writer offers a structural analysis of state versus nation (volk) and also rejects a dualistic (soul versus body) concept of man, preferring the model of man as a single integrated existential being. The author finds the views of GLAZER and MOYNIHAN are that ethnic identification is a natural and inevitable fact of human existence. It has its positive aspects (providing identity ... support ... security) and its negative aspects (encouraging isolation ... ethnocentrism ... conflict ... etc). By rejecting humanistic individualism and integration as ideological (therefore ontological) and ethnicity as practical · (therefore functional), and urging governments to recognise ethnicity within the framework of plural democracy, they by implication become the proponents of ethnicity, and culture with them becomes cultural determinism. By so doing they also derived and subscribed to some inevitable pre-empirical and therefore theoretical-philosophical concepts re group identity and the relation betwe€n soul and body and culture versus physical environment. Within each of the cultural-historical development phases posed by VAN PEURSEN the author finds that group identity as the essence of ethnicity is after all, as proposed by GLAZER and MOYNIHAN not so new, and that ethnicity during the course of history was always coined to the supremacy of an identity carrying social structure (i.e. the state in Greek culture; the church in Roman Catholicism; race in national-socialism; the individual in humanistic liberalism; and the state in dialectic materialism; etc). It is in the functional, practical realm that ethnicity has gained ground during the latter part of this century. The rediscovery of group identity signals the bancruptcy of ontological individualism and the appearance of pragmatism, existensialism and the dramatic growth of cultural anthropology and new-conservatism. The author sees existensial man as a unitary being and by so doing disacknowledges an inner spiritual world of the soul against the outer world of nature and body. This one-ness of man makes culture his first nature and not his second, as suggested by GLAZER and MOYNIHAN. Mans cultural identity is expressed in a variety of social structures and by utilysing the principle of sovereignty within each structural sphere of competence, the author wishes to avoid ethnicity or group identity being captured by one structure (i.e. race in national socialism and volk/nation in ethnocentrism) and thereby becoming an operationalism.

Orientador: Pedro Ângelo Pagni / Banca: Rodrigo Pelloso Gelamo / Banca: Divino José da Silva / Banca: Fernando Bárcena Orbe / Banca: Alexandre Filordi de Carvalho / Resumo: O que está proposto na forma deste trabalho de tese se integra ao projeto de pesquisa de doutorado com o qual procuramos investigar o paradigma antropológico na filosofia da educação, isto é, a crítica ao entendimento da educação como um projeto antropológico fundamental. A configuração antropológica do pensamento, que converte a filosofia em uma analítica do homem, e a concepção de uma estrutura antropológico-humanista na educação impedem o exercício de um pensamento crítico e criativo, porque paralisam, ao incidirem sobre uma filosofia da representação e do sujeito transcendental, o exercício de pensamento em face do desafio de investigar o tema do acontecimento na práxis educativa. Desse modo, se por um lado é importante fazer uma análise da configuração antropológica do pensamento e uma crítica à concepção antropológico-humanista predominante nas reflexões sobre a educação, por outro, temos a intenção de sugerir que outra possibilidade é pensar o exercício do pensamento filosófico no campo da educação como uma experiência e um acontecimento. Ou seja, propomos realizar, a partir de Gilles Deleuze e Michel Foucault, um exercício de pensamento em que a filosofia da educação seja pensada no deslocamento entre dois domínios distintos e conflitantes acerca da natureza e do modo de pensar ou exercer a filosofia (e, por conseguinte, de pensar filosoficamente a educação): por um lado, a imagem antropológica do pensamento, isto é, a configuração da filosofia moderna como analítica da finitude, que ainda nos é atual, e que enquanto uma filosofia do Mesmo permanece sendo essencialmente uma filosofia da representação; e, por outro lado, a abertura da filosofia para uma nova imagem do pensamento ou um pensamento sem imagem, quer dizer, sem postulados... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The proposal for this thesis integrates to the doctor degree‟s search work in which it is investigated the anthropological paradigm in philosophy of education, it means, the critics to educational understanding as a fundamental anthropological project. The anthropological configuration of the thought, which converts philosophy into a man analysis, and the conception of an anthropological-humanistic structure in education impede the critic and creative thought exercise, as they paralyze, by focusing on a philosophy of representation and of the transcendental subject, the exercise of the thought facing the challenge of investigating the event theme into educational praxis. Thereby, if by one hand it is important to analyze the anthropological configuration of the thought and a critic to the predominant anthropological-humanist conception on the reflections about education, on the other hand, we intend to suggest that the other possibility is to think the exercise of the philosophical thought into education field as an experience and an event. In other words, we propose to perform, from Gilles Deleuze and Michel Foucault, a thinking exercise in which philosophy of education is thought regarding the displacement between two distinct and conflicting domains involving nature and the way of thinking or to exercise the philosophy (and, therefore, to think philosophically about education): on one hand, the anthropological image of the thought, or else, the configuration of the modern philosophy as finitude analysis, that is still updated for us, and as a Self philosophy is kept being essentially a philosophy of representation; and, on the other hand, the philosophy opening to a new image of the thought or a non-image thought, it means without postulates or presuppositions: a thought of the event. We propose... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

This dissertation exposes the status of eros in the works of Levinas, Irigaray, and, Nancy. I begin by evaluating Levinas’s phenomenological analyses of eros in Time and the Other and Totality and Infinity. In order to fully appreciate this, however, I must necessarily also provide a summary overview of the central theme which guides Levinas’s work: ‘the Other.’ This leads Levinas to develop ethics as first philosophy, which in turn implies that the reduction of the Other to the same is the unethical gesture par excellence. Levinas formulates eros as the ‘equivocal par excellence’; a profane relation with the radical alterity of the feminine. Eros, for Levinas, inevitably lapses back to the economy of the same, and hence he looks to paternal fecundity to understand a relation with alterity untainted by erotic sensuality. Moreover, I identify the themes in Levinas’s work which guide this dissertation: the plurality of being, the tactility of erotic caressing, transcendence in eros, sexual difference, the affair between love and death, revisiting Plato’s Symposium, and, the erotic relationship with alterity. Having exposed these themes, and pre-empting a feminist critique of Levinas, I move on to the work of Luce Irigaray. After contextualising Irigaray’s feminist project, I expose and evaluate her critical reading of Levinas, particularly in her essay “The Fecundity of the Caress.” For Irigaray, Levinas mistakenly assumes a universal masculine subject, which in turn denies the feminine (and thus empirical women) a chance to be subjects. The fact that Levinas considers eros profane suggests, for Irigaray, that Levinas’s phenomenology of eros is haunted by a patriarchal bias evinced in the way he turns to paternity to salvage eros from a damnable carnality. Irigaray, in contrast, asserts eros as a relationship between the two real poles of sexual alterity. Eros thus holds potential as a just relation between the sexes. However, I find that Irigaray’s insistence on the biological markers of sexual difference becomes somewhat too idealistic. When compared with one another, Irigaray and Levinas arrive at an impasse which is solved by turning to the work of Jean-Luc Nancy. Nancy insists that love (including eros) cannot be thought as anything but an indefinite multiplicity. Nancy’s thought on love reflects his formulation of ‘being-singular-plural,’ an ontology which asserts ‘being-with’ is axiomatic in all philosophical investigations. In Shattered Love, Nancy deconstructs dialectics in order to show that love does not operate in a dialectical fashion. Both Levinas’s and Irigaray’s accounts of eros are exposed as dialectical. Nancy, in contrast, formulates love and sex/gender as the exposure of a subject to the relation with the other. Moreover, by examining Nancy’s thought on the body, eros can be derived as subtending all relations between sexed bodies. Thus Nancy figures eros as neither ideal nor profane, nor does he restrict eros to an ideal relation between the masculine and the feminine. However, Nancy’s opaque philosophy is not without fault. Although Nancy offers an interesting way in which to think eros, certain avenues of thought remain unexplored. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Philosophy / unrestricted

The work brings critical and philosophical perspective on the issue of art and mass culture in contemporary society. Relying on H.-G. Gadamer's, T. W. Adorno's and Walter Benjamin's ideas. The work performs a summary of their thoughts, focusing on art as an example of humanities- scientific investigation in the case of H.-G. Gadamer, the criticism of the cultural industry and its vital role in the thinking of T. W Adorno and the issue of technical reproducibility of works of art in a Walter Benjamin's essay. The work focuses on the present social functions of mass culture, its internal structure, on the issue of its quality, taking into account the extent to which this appears to be useful. The main topic was ultimately shown to be a phenomenon of education. Keywords. Philosophical Anthropology, Philosophy of Art, Culture and Society, Mass Culture.

PhDr. Tomáš Kunca The Humanist Virtuoso: Beginnings, Idea and Illustration of Hume's experimental philosophical anthropology in Treatise of Human Nature UK FHS, Praha 2013 Thesis introduces a concept of "The Humanist Virtuoso" as distinctive feature reflecting Hume's effort to introduce an idea of experimental philosophical anthropology based on study of human nature and manifested in his A Treatise of Human Nature. Concept is justified by three steps, through analysis of the beginnings of Hume's philosophy, explication of his "science of man" idea in Treatise and illustration of this idea in action, as appears in analysis of passions (Book 2). The beginnings of Hume's way to experimental philosophical anthropology are explained thorough interpretation of historical facts connected with his early study at College of Edinburgh. First meetings with culture of science ( both British Christian tradition of experimental philosophy and Newtonian mathematical philosophy) are considered as particularly important. Detailed analysis of pre-Treatise letters (the Letter to Physician and to Michael Ramsey) is provided to make explicit the beginnings of his "science of man" idea, turn to study of human nature. Castration of Treatise is observed and discussed via analysis of his letter to Home (1737). The second...

Name: Daniel Janoško Title: Capacity for Suicide and its Consequences for the Conception of Human Nature Abstract The aim of the thesis is, first, to analyze the ability to deliberately end one's own life, which, assuming its human exclusivity within the animal kingdom as well as its universality within the human species, should provide a rich source for revealing some already known and some potentially entirely novel aspects of human nature and condition. The capacity for suicide is therefore analysed not from the dominating position of moral philosophy, but rather from the perspective of philosophical anthropology. Based on both the philosophical (Scheler, Heidegger, Landsberg, Jaspers, etc.) and empirical anthropological literature, we attempt to answer the question of human exclusivity of the capacity for suicide. The intention of this analysis is, then, to find the essential aspects of this exclusivity from which practical consequences can be drawn for further philosophical conceptualizations of human nature. The most crucial of these appears to be the awareness of one's finality. A detailed examination of such awareness then reveals other aspects of human nature and condition, such as the specifically human communal way of living, the human's effort to endure, both materially and spiritually, in the...