There is a dearth of literature to guide the development of community-based HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) prevention and sexual health promotion programs within Inuit communities. The aim of this research project was to create a dialogue with Inuit women to inform future development of such programs. This study employed Indigenous methodologies and methods by drawing from Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit and postcolonial research theory in a framework of Two-Eyed Seeing, and utilizing storytelling sessions to gather data. Community-Based Participatory Research Principles informed the design of the study, ensuring participants were involved in all stages of the project. Nine story-sharing sessions took place with 21 Inuit women ages 18-60. Participants identified several key determinants of sexual health and shared ideas for innovative approaches that they believe will work as prevention efforts within their community. These research results build upon the limited knowledge currently available about perceptions of HIV and STI among Inuit women living in the remote north. / Graduate / 0573 / jenny.r.rand@gmail.com

Las primeras generaciones de intelectuales africanos educados en los sistemas occidentales se apropiaron las lenguas coloniales y las manipularon a su voluntad para que fueran capaces de expresar el mestizaje cultural. En el contexto poscolonial todo acto de creación literaria representa una toma de posición respecto al mundo heredado del imperialismo.En la traducción de textos poscoloniales africanos hay que diferenciar bien dos procesos: el de los escritores en lenguas coloniales, que tratan de reflejar la hibridación de la sociedad poscolonial de la que proceden mediante un trabajo de creación-traducción; y el de los traductores, cuya labor consiste en hacer accesibles dichos textos a un público lector por lo general desconocedor del contexto cultural híbrido.En conclusión, el conocimiento en profundidad de las problemáticas que encierra la producción literaria poscolonial puede hacer tomar conciencia al traductor de literatura poscolonial de su papel de transmisor de una determinada imagen de las culturas poscoloniales.

There exists in the modern worlda form of non-Christianised religious thought which develops the basic ideas of indigenous African religion beyond their beginnings, and is represented in authorssuch as Kamalu, Osabutey-Aguedze, etc. The spheres of interest in such authors fiJay be analysed in terms of the following areas: Intervening ideological conditions bearing on African life (particularr; theological and cosmological ideas): The historical background of African life; The roots of African life, as manifested in its traditions, and tts ethical and cultural heritage; Means for the innovative development of African life, found in African concepts of knowledge, mysticism and magic; The perceived destiny of African life. The thesis concludes with an indication of areas of agreement and debate in post-traditional African thought, of problems faced by such thought; and of other possible priorities for future study. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D.Th. (Religious Studies)

The central thesis of this study is that Newbigin‟s thought and writing can contribute to understanding the church as an integral part of Indian society, in terms of both her identity and role. Newbigin‟s writing, subsequent to his return to the West after more than three decades in India, often sought to address what he saw as the Western church‟s loss of confidence in its role and position in a post-enlightenment, post-Christendom society. This study tries to work with this material, as well as what was written during his time in India. The second chapter and the third chapter give consideration to the two central elements in Newbigin‟s understanding of the church‟s mission and identity: the eschatological renewal of the whole earth that will occur at the return of Christ and the connection of this end to Christ‟s death on the cross. As the third chapter will consider, while he locates the focus of the church‟s mission in relation to the end, the death of Christ indicates the way in which this mission will be carried out. The remainder of the third chapter will consider the implication of this for the church‟s mission in relation to the presence of poverty and marginalisation in Indian society and its movement towards a consumer economy. The fourth chapter will consider the place of the church in relation to India‟s long and rich culture, suggesting ways in which the church is to become an incultured community. The fifth chapter will address the issue of the relationship of the church to the followers of other faiths. Through interaction with some Indian theologians it will be shown how Newbigin gave attention to the church as both open to the movement of the Spirit beyond the boundaries of the church, while also emphasizing the church as central to our knowing Christ. The sixth chapter will draw out the ways in which Newbigin was consciously engaging with the post colonial context of the church, particularly in his interpretation of the relationship between the Spirit and the church. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / D. Th. (Missiology)

On peut identifier une longue pratique autobiographique en Afrique, si l’on remonte aux Confessions de St Augustin, et l’écriture de soi s'est de surcroît développée dans les langues africaines, aux époques précoloniales puis coloniales. C’est toutefois à l’initiative d’anthropologues et d’éducateurs africanistes que les premières autobiographies africaines (souvent rédigées par des instituteurs ou des élèves) ont été collectées, tandis que parallèlement émergeait une écriture autobiographique dans le roman africain francophone. Avec le combat anticolonial, apparaît une forme nouvelle : l’écriture de mémoires par de grands acteurs politiques africains, qui accentue la dimension réflexive des écritures africaines de soi. A l’ère postcoloniale, l’autobiographie tend à devenir de plus en plus intellectuelle, oscillant entre l’essai autobiographique et l’auto-analyse. A partir d’un corpus majoritairement francophone et anglophone, composé d’auteurs aussi divers que Wole Soyinka, Kwame Anthony Appiah, Joseph Emmanuel Nana Appiah, William E. B. Du Bois, Léopold-Sédar Senghor, Lamine Gueye, Amadou Hampâté Bâ, Valentin Yves Mudimbe, Achille Mbembe, Célestin Monga, Barack Obama, Paulin Hountondji ou Rasna Warah, notre thèse retrace les mutations des écritures africaines de soi, de l’ère coloniale à l’époque postcoloniale, en insistant au passage sur les formes de dialogue qui s’établissent entre ceux-ci et les penseurs africanistes français, pour lesquels l’autobiographie fut bien plus qu’un récit de vie. Dans ces perspectives d’histoire et de sociologie littéraire, nous empruntons à Jérôme Meizoz sa notion de posture pour étudier les positionnements esthétiques, politiques et littéraires des écrivains et penseurs africains dans les champs littéraires africains et occidentaux. Nous mettons également en relief diverses modalités de l’auto-réflexivité en confrontant les écritures africaines de soi avec certaines autobiographies intellectuelles de penseurs et écrivains afro-américains. Cette mise en regard permet une réflexion sur les "postures postcoloniales" de nos auteurs, et débouche sur une nouvelle problématique : la visée postraciale ou le dépassement des projets et des interprétations racialistes de l’histoire et de l’identité qui ont caractérisé nombreuses idéologies africaines comme le panafricanisme et la négritude. En nous appuyant pour finir sur l’idée de « postblackness » désormais en vogue aux États-Unis, nous tâchons de montrer que le postracial reste malgré tout davantage un horizon qu’une réalité des écritures africaines de soi, du milieu du XXe siècle au seuil du XXIe siècle. / We can identify a long autobiographical practice in Africa, if we go back to the Confessions of St. Augustine, and selfwriting has moreover developed in African languages, in pre-colonial and colonial times. At the initiative of anthropologists and Africanists, the first African autobiographies (often written by teachers or students) were collected, while autobiographical writing simultaneously emerged in the French African novel. With the anti-colonial struggle, memoirs were written by leading African politicians, which emphasized the reflexive dimension of African selfwritings. In the postcolonial era, autobiography tends to become more intellectual, oscillating between autobiographical and self-analytic projects. Through a predominantly french-and english speaking corpus, consisting of authors as diverse as Wole Soyinka, Kwame Anthony Appiah, Joseph Emmanuel Nana Appiah, William E. B. Du Bois, Léopold-Sédar Senghor, Lamine Gueye, Amadou Hampâté Bâ, Valentin Yves Mudimbe, Achille Mbembe, Célestin Monga, Barack Obama, Paulin Hountondji or Rasna Warah, our dissertation traces back the mutations of African selfwriting, from the colonial times to the post-colonial era, emphasizing the dialogues established between African authors and French Africanist thinkers, for whom autobiography was much more than a life story. In these literary historical and sociological perspectives, we borrow from Jerome Meizoz his notion of “posture” to study the esthetical, political and literary positions, of various writers and thinkers in African and Western literary fields. We also highlight how self-reflexivity occurs by confronting African self writings to some intellectual autobiographies produced by African-American thinkers and writers. This comparison allows a reflection on the "postcolonial posture" of our authors, and leads to a new problem : the post-racial project that runs through the racialist interpretations of history and identity that characterized many African ideologies such as Pan-Africanism and negritude. Ultimately relying on the idea of "postblackness" now in vogue in the United States, we strive to show that the postracial remains nevertheless a horizon more than a reality of African writings itself, the mid-twentieth century to the twenty-first century.

Between 1847 and 1874 approximately 142,000 Chinese indentured laborers, commonly known as coolies, migrated to Cuba to work primarily on sugar plantations following the demise of African slavery. Comprised of 99.97% males and contracted to work for eight years or more, many of those coolies that survived the harsh conditions in Cuba formed consensual unions with freed and enslaved women of color. These intimate connections between Chinese indentures and Cubans of African descent developed not only because they shared the same living and working spaces, but also because they occupied similar sociocultural, political, and economic spheres in colonial society. This ethnography investigates the rise of a discernible Afro-Chinese religiosity that emerged from the coming together of these two diasporic groups. The Lukumi religion, often described as being a syncretism between African and European elements, contains impressive articulations of Chinese and Afro-Chinese influences, particularly in the realm of material culture. On the basis of qualitative research that I conducted among Chinese and Afro-Chinese Lukumi practitioners in Cuba, this dissertation documents the development of syncretism and discursive religious practice between African and Chinese diasporas. I conceptualize a framework of interdiasporic cross-fertilization and, in so doing, disassemble Cuba’s racial and religious categories, which support a notion of “Cubanidad” that renders Chinese subjectivity invisible. I argue that Afro-Chinese religiosity became a space for a positive association that I call “Sinalidad”. I also argue that this religiosity has been elaborated upon largely because of transformations in Cuba’s social and economic landscape that began during Cuba’s Special Period. Thus, the dissertation uses religious practice as a lens through which I shed light upon another dimension of identity making, transnationalism and the political economy of tourism on the island.

Environmental Justice defines the environment as the spaces where we live, work, and play. The Environmental Justice (EJ) Movement has traditionally used this definition to organize against toxics in communities. However, within EJ work, prisons or policing have often not been centralized or discussed. This means that the approximately 2.2 million people in prison are excluded from the conversation and movement. Additionally, communities and activists are identifying police and prisons as toxics in their communities, but an analysis of policing and prisons is largely missing in EJ scholarship. This thesis explores the intersection between prisons, policing, and pollution. It outlines how prisons, policing, and pollution are connected and reveals why this intersection is critical to understand in Environmental Justice (EJ) scholarship and organizing. Based on interviews with formerly incarcerated individuals in San Antonio, Texas, and a case study of the Mira Loma Women’s Detention Center in the Antelope Valley of California, this thesis expands the realm of EJ work to include and center the spaces of prisons and policing and complicates the definition of toxicity as it has been traditionally used and organized against in the EJ movement. I argue that policing and imprisonment are toxic systems to our communities and contradict and prevent the development of safe and sustainable communities. Thus, understanding prisons and policing as toxic to both people and to the environment, we should move toward abolishing these toxic systems and building alternatives to them. To this end, or rather, to this new beginning, [prison-industrial-complex] abolition should be explored as a framework within EJ to push us to fundamentally reconsider our ideas of justice, to better and differently approach the practice of making environmental justice available for all because abolition is not only about dismantling, but it is largely about building more just, safer, and more sustainable communities. This thesis brings abolition and EJ discourses together to assess the potential for coalition building between abolitionists and EJ activists to work toward a common goal of building safe, sustainable, and more just communities for everybody. I conclude that abolition should be embraced as a framework within EJ to liberate our carceral landscape and to imagine, and subsequently, create a new environmental and social landscape.

[pt] Para conhecer um país em construção: Mia Couto e seu olhar para Moçambique tem como objetivo central examinar de que forma o escritor constrói a sua obra de ficção, dialogando com o passado colonial, a guerra civil em Moçambique e a esperança de ver a sua nação erguida. Para alcançar este objetivo, serão utilizados dois livros de opinião, Pensatempos e Se Obama fosse africano, além de três livros de crônicas do escritor, Cronicando, O fio das missangas e Histórias absonhadas. Acredito que no decorrer das páginas desses livros Mia Couto reescreve importantes períodos de Moçambique, permitindo-nos compreender como foram os anos subsequentes à independência de seu país, a partir da perspectiva de um intelectual e cidadão moçambicano. Esse trabalho foi desenvolvido tomando como eixo norteador alguns textos de teóricos da crítica pós-colonial, tais como: Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Edward Said, Fátima Mendonça, Francisco Noa, Homi Bhabha, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro, Stuart Hall e Russel Hamilton. Foram também utilizados textos críticos que analisam a criação literária de Mia Couto, assim como textos históricos centrados no contexto em que as narrativas de Couto foram produzidas. / [en] To know a country under construction: Mia Couto and his eye for Mozambique is aimed at examining the intellectual devices with which the writer builds his fiction, discussing with the colonial past, the civil war in Mozambique and hope to see his nation raised. To achieve this objective will be used two book reviews, Pensatempos and Se Obama fosse africano, besides three books of chronics by Mia Couto, Cronicando, O fio das missangas and Histórias absonhadas. Rewriting important periods of Mozambique in his books, Mia Couto allows us to understand how the years following the independence of his country were from the perspective of an intellectual and Mozambican citizen. This work was carried out using as guiding texts by some theorists of the post-colonial criticism, such as Boaventura de Souza Santos, Edward Said, Fátima Mendonça, Francisco Noa, Homi Bhabha, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro, Stuart Hall and Russel Hamilton. Also used were critical texts that analyze the literary creation of Mia Couto, as well as historical texts focused on the contexts in which his narratives were produced.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:25:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoIDO_DISSERT.pdf: 5166418 bytes, checksum: 5076fd689d41c7748dc2119fe45eff5b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-30 / The aims of this dissertation is to study formation of the Dutch view seeing the colonial scenery in screens by Frans Post, as well as, to perceive a colonial world constitution through landscape paintings by him with his natural and human representation. The artist was the first to portray South American views, after he landed in Pernambuco with retinue of Dutch governor of colony, John Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen. Post, by his 24 years old, was designated to represent for Dutch people their colony. The text reflects on visual construction of natural and human aspects in landscapes by Dutchman and how that aspects were included in colonizer imaginary about the strange world of America. European (Dutch) look about their conquered possessions in the New World was charged with exoticism and imagination. In order to understand that view, it`s paramount to study imaginary pictures reared by Frans Post, on his return to the Netherlands, and notions of landscape and exotic, wild and unspoiled nature which the Dutch people had when they thought about the Dutch colony in America. Our principal (visual) sources of research are six paintings: Vista da S? de Olinda (1662), Vista das ru?nas de Olinda (undated), Engenho (undated), Engenho (1660), Vista da cidade Maur?cia e do Recife (1653), e Paisagem com rio e tamandu? (1649), all these canvases were painted when Frans Post returned to Europe. We seek to work through a methodology that focuses on investigation of primary visual and textual material, because these textual and pictorial representations reflect the 17th-century colonial view of colonial history themes of the - here called - Dutch America / O objetivo desta disserta??o ? estudar a constitui??o do olhar holand?s a partir da visualiza??o da paisagem colonial nas telas do pintor Frans Post. O tema deste trabalho ? perceber a constitui??o de um mundo colonial por meio das telas de paisagens de Frans Post, buscando entender este mundo pelos conceitos naturais e humanos representados nas pinturas do artista. Ele foi o primeiro pintor a retratar as paisagens sul-americanas quando veio embarcado, para o Pernambuco, com a comitiva do governador holand?s da col?nia, o pr?ncipe Jo?o Maur?cio de Nassau, quando tinha 24 anos, ficando respons?vel por representar as vistas da col?nia para os holandeses. O texto reflete sobre a constru??o visual dos aspectos naturais e humanos na paisagem do artista holand?s e como este passou a compor um imagin?rio do colonizador sobre o estranho mundo americano. O olhar europeu (holand?s) sobre as possess?es conquistadas no Novo Mundo era carregado de exotismo e imagina??o. Para compreender tal vis?o ? de suma import?ncia estudar as imagens imagin?rias que foram erigidas por Frans Post no seu regresso ? Holanda e as no??es de paisagens e da natureza ex?tica, selvagem e virgem que os neerlandeses tinham quando pensavam sobre a col?nia holandesa na Am?rica. Vamos utilizar primordialmente como fonte (visual) de pesquisa seis telas: Vista da S? de Olinda (1662), Vista das ru?nas de Olinda (sem data), Engenho (sem data), Engenho (1660), Vista da cidade Maur?cia e do Recife (1653), e Paisagem com rio e tamandu? (1649). Todas estas imagens foram produzidas quando Frans Post regressou ? Europa. Buscaremos trabalhar com uma metodologia que privilegie a leitura de fontes prim?rias visuais e textuais, pois estas representa??es textuais e pict?ricas refletem o olhar colonizador seiscentista dos temas da hist?ria colonial da Am?rica que vamos chamar aqui de holandesa

A formação deste trabalho tem como horizonte a comparação entre as obras Mayombe e Predadores do autor angolano Pepetela, principalmente no tocante a perspectiva nacional que está impressa em cada texto, todavia de maneiras diversas. A possibilidade de ler as obras de maneira muito próxima aos fenômenos históricos angolanos é aquilo que faz com que se projete sob os olhos a questão nacional que é tão cara à série literária angolana, principalmente caso se tenha em mente a formação do jovem país e a necessidade de construir a identidade. As obras em questão registram, em momentos diversos, esta construção e as nuances ideológicas no processo nacional, cada qual em uma época e quando olhadas uma em relação a outra, consegue-se depreender mais, primordialmente aquilo que está no âmbito ideológico da desconstrução e da perda de paradigmas, sejam eles políticos ou culturais. É o efeito da pós-modernidade que obriga a sociedade em questão a descobrir-se sem chão e sem certeza de nada, uma vez que não mais se pode falar de estado colonial, mas sim pós-colonial e, como tal, terra aberta a possibilidades, sejam elas propositivas ou niilistas com relação à formação nacional. Dessa maneira, para depreender mais que obviedades da relação dessas obras, deve-se ter em mente que as formações híbridas desse espaço obrigam o desapego teórico, caminhando na direção da colaboração entre as disciplinas de modo a captar significativamente algo deste contato. Assim, interrogar-se sobre as obras Mayombe e Predadores tanto no que toca nos pontos de contato quanto nos de repulsão é mais que exercício teórico, é questionar-se quanto à legitimidade do processo nacional que está subentendido nas duas obras. Pepetela, como uma espécie de demiurgo, registra aquilo que está fora do lugar, destoando a análise, e que aos poucos, apresenta como um acre sabor na boca de quem lê, aquilo em que se transformou o sonho de libertação angolana, justamente o antípoda do processo que se apossa e faz com que o capitalismo mais selvagem possível arrebate o sonho comunista de princípio, e que não mais é possível crer num Estado aos moldes do Ocidente do século XIX, mas simplesmente os frangalhos do mesmo. Entretanto, não se pode ler o contexto acima verificado de modo apenas negativo, uma vez que dele pode se verificar obras literárias complexas que não só dão conta da fotografia histórica, mas também de todo um trabalho de linguagem e de sentido que, para ser de fato apreciado, demanda o trabalho técnico hermenêutico de avanço e retrocesso, do micro ao macro, para que se produza algum conhecimento satisfatório a respeito das obras. / The formation of the horizon of this work is the comparison between the literary works of the author of Predadores and Mayombe, the Angolan writer Pepetela, specially at the perspective of Nation that is founded on each text, but in differently ways. The ability to read the works in very closely way to the Angolan historical phenomena is what makes this project closed to the national question, which is so relevant to the Angolan literary series, especially if you have in mind the formation of this young country and the need to build its own identity. The narratives in question express in different times this ideological construction and the variations in the national process, each one at the time, and when they are viewed one relation to another, it can be inferred more, primarily in what this ideological deconstruction and loss of paradigms whether political or cultural. It is the effect of post-modernity which requires the concerned company to find themselves without the ground and not sure of anything, since one can no longer speak of the colonial state, but post-colonial land and as such are open to possibilities they purposeful or nihilistic related to the nationally formation. Therefore, to remove more than superficialities of the relationship of these narratives we should keep in mind that the hybrid formations of this area require the detachment theory, moving toward the collaboration between disciplines in order to capture something significantly of the Contact. So ask yourself about the books Mayombe and Predators both in terms as the contact points as the points of repulsion is more than a theoretical exercise, question itself about the legitimacy of the national process that implied in the two works, makes Pepetela a kind of demiurge, whose records what is out of right place, diverging the analysis, and gradually presents as an acrid taste in the mouth of the reader, what it became the dream of Angola freedom, in the antithesis of the process which takes places and makes the most savage capitalism that destroyed the communist dream of beginning, and that is no longer possible to believe in a state along the lines of the West of the nineteenth century, but simply whats left of it. However, you cannot read the background above only for the negative way, because it can verify the complex literary works that not only realize in the historic photograph but also the work of language and meaning that to be truly appreciated by the reader it demands technical and hermeneutical work, from microspical to the macroscopical, to its bring a satisfactory knowledge about the works.